(共64张PPT)
UNIT 3 Back to the past
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化语言点，并学以致用。（学习能力）
拓展单词
1._________vt. 使确信；使相信；说服；劝说→__________adj.坚信的；确信的
→___________ adj.有说服力的
convince
convinced
convincing
2._____ vi. & vt. 装上；装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量→_______adj.装载的；有负载
的→________n.装载；负载；附加费用
load
loaded
loading
3.__________vt. & vi. 加强；增强→________ n. 力量；力气；实力；长处
strengthen
strength
4.________vt. 不予考虑；对……不屑一提；去除；摒除；解雇；解散→__________
adj.轻蔑的；鄙视的
dismiss
dismissive
5.____________vt.承认（权威、地位）；承认（属实）；（公开）感谢
→________________ n.承认；答谢
acknowledge
acknowledgement
6.__________adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→_________ n. 影响；支配力；有影
响的人或事 vt. 影响；支配
influential
influence
7.______vt. & vi. 坚决要求；坚持；坚持说→__________n. 坚持；坚决要求
→________adj. 坚持的；坚决要求的
insist
insistence
insistent
8._________ adj. 财政的；金融的；财务的→________ n. 财政；财力；金融 v.
给……提供资金；资助→__________ adv. 财政上；金融上
financial
finance
financially
9._______ vt. & vi. 离开；起程→_________n.离开；起程→_________ adj.过去的；
已故的
depart
departure
departed
10.________n. 不足；短缺→______ adj. 短的；不足的；矮的
shortage
short
11.________ vt. 使十分惊讶；使吃惊→___________ adj. 令人惊愕的→__________
adj.感到惊愕的→____________n.惊愕（讶）
astonish
astonishing
astonished
astonishment
12.___________adv. 广泛地；广阔地→_________adj. 广泛的；大量的；广阔的
extensively
extensive
13._________ vt. 使便利；促进→__________ n. 简便化；促进
facilitate
facilitation
14._________ adj. 可获得的；可找到的；有空的→___________ n. 可用性；有效性；
实用性
available
availability
15.______ vt. 采用；采取；表决采纳；领养；收养vi. 领养；收养→_________ n.收养；
采纳（用）
adopt
adoption
16.___________ n. 对比；比较→_________v. 比较；对比；相比；匹敌 n.比较
→___________ adj.可比较的
comparison
compare
comparable
17._____vt. & vi. 塞进；挤进；装（箱）；收拾；打包；包装 n.包；包裹；小盒；小
包→_______adj. 充满……的；塞满了……的
pack
packed
18._________ adv.猛烈地；厉害地； 强烈地；激烈地；凶狠地→_______ adj. 暴力的；
猛烈的→________ n.暴力；暴行；狂热；激情；激烈
violently
violent
violence
19._____ vi. 俯冲；跳水；潜水 n. 冲；扑；俯冲；潜水；跳水→______ n.潜水员
→_______n.跳水（运动）
dive
diver
diving
20._______vt. & vi. （froze， frozen） 突然停止；呆住；结冰；冻僵→________ adj.
冰点以下的；结冰的；极冷的→_______ adj. 冻结的；冰封的；冷冻的
freeze
freezing
frozen
21._______ vt. 改进；改良；改革n. 改革；改良→___________ n.改革；改进；革新
→_________n. 改革者；革新者；改良者
reform
reformation
reformer
22._____ n. 改变；转移；轮班vt. & vi.（使）移动；（使）转移→________ adj.不思
上进的；混日子的；无能的；偷懒的
shift
shiftless
构词规律
v.+-ive→adj. n.+-en→v.
adopt→adoptive 收养的；有收养关系的 addict→addictive 使人成瘾的；使人入迷的 attract→attractive 有吸引力的；吸引人的 strength→strengthen 加强；增强
threat→threaten 威胁
fright→frighten 使惊吓；使惊恐
1.________启航
set sail
2.______________被装满
be loaded with
3.____________离开；从……出发
depart from
4._______________随着……的兴起
with the rise of
5.______________________面临食物短缺
face a shortage of food
6.__________________对……有影响
have an impact on
7.________传递；告知；去世
pass on
8._________________作为……而被铭记
be remembered as
9.____________________对……表现出极大的兴趣
show great interest in
10.____________代表
on behalf of
11.navigate the blue seas ____________________
在蓝色的大海上航行
12.demonstrate the advanced technology and special
skills____________________________
展示先进的技术和特殊的技艺
13.develop and strengthen harmonious relations______________________
发展和加强和谐的关系
14.keep logs of their voyages and chart the coast________________________________
记录他们的航行日志并绘制海岸图
15.dismiss the records of these voyages as
legends__________________________________
把这些航海记录当作传说而不予考虑
16.receive a royal welcome________________
受到皇家的欢迎
17.bear witness to the long history__________________
见证了悠久的历史
18.learn Chinese classics from great literary masters______________________________
向伟大的文学大师学习中国经典
19.suffer a lot of pain physically and mentally____________________________
遭受身体和精神上的巨大痛苦
20.vivid descriptions of historical figures______________________
对历史人物的生动描述
1.Their discoveries have improved our knowledge of the Earth and have also changed
the way we understand our place in the world.（先行词the way在定语从句中作状语
时，关系词可省略）
翻译 他们的发现提高了我们对地球的认知，也改变了我们了解自己在世界上的地位的
方式。
仿写 The libraries are not declining in importance—people are simply
changing______________________.
图书馆的重要性并没有下降，人们只是改变了使用图书馆的方式。
the way they use them
2.Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges alongthe
way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. （as is/was the case）
翻译 那些取得重大发现的人必须经常克服许多挑战，就像探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布
那样。
仿写 There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence，
__________________________________.
人的智力需要开发，就像人的内心世界需要开发的那样。
as is the case with their inner world
3.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration， a period which
witnessed many important geographical findings. （同位语）
翻译 他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。
仿写 Jerry， ___________________，has lived with us for eight years.
杰瑞，我们心爱的宠物狗，已经和我们一起生活了八年。
our beloved pet dog
核心单词
知识点1 convince vt.使确信；使相信；说服；劝说 ＊convincing adj.令人信服的 ＊convinced adj.确信的；深信的
（P29）“It is clear，” he said， “that there is only one way to convince you...”
他说:“显然，只有一个办法能使你信服……”
知识拓展
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
图解释义
Every time I attempt to convince her，it is in vain.
每一次我都试图说服她，但都不起作用。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）His mother has been trying to convince him _______（see） a doctor.
to see
（2）This last argument is the most ___________（convince） to me.
convincing
（3）___________（convince） others of something is really a challenging task.
Convincing
（4）How can I convince you ___her honesty
of
知识点2 strengthen vt.&vi.加强；增强 ＊strength n.体力；力气；长处；优势；力量；毅力 ＊strong adj.强壮的；坚强的 ＊strongly adv.坚决地；强有力地
（P30）Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions， exposing foreign people to Chinese culture， and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.
郑和的努力有助于发展和加强同这些国家和地区的和谐关系，使外国人接触中国文化，并且让中国人更好地了解海外的土地。
知识拓展
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
build up one's strength 增强体质
have the strength to do sth 有力量做某事
with all one's strength 竭尽全力
经典佳句
We strongly feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed in life and career，including a strong body and a good personality. Knowing our strength is also very important. But the most important thing is to strengthen the ties with the people around us.
我们强烈地感到，许多因素决定了我们能否在生活和事业上取得成功，包括强健的身体和良好的人格。了解我们的实力也很重要。但最重要的是加强与周围人的联系。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Great determination and ambition are his great _________（strength）.
strengths
（2）Every morning I'm working out to build up my ________（strong）.
strength
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）_______________________， we often engage in all kinds of activities， such
as playing basketball and table tennis.
为了强身健体， 我们经常组织各种各样的活动，如打篮球和打乒乓球。
To build up our strength
知识点3 dismiss vt.不予考虑；对……不屑一提；去除；摒除；解雇；解散 ＊dismissal n.解雇；免职
（P30） For many years， some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.
多年来，一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。
知识拓展
dismiss sth as sth 把……当作……而不予考虑
dismiss sb for sth 因为某事而解雇某人
dismiss sb from 把某人从……解雇
dismiss sb/sth from one's mind 忘记某人或者某事
经典佳句
Three workers were dismissed for being lazy.
三个工人因怠工而被解雇。
Emil tried to dismiss from his mind the horrible thoughts.
艾米尔竭力从心头排除掉这些可怕的想法。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）She tried to dismiss him ______her mind.
from
（2）His boss dismissed him ______his job ____making too many mistakes.
from
for
（3）He still hopes to win his claim against unfair_________（dismiss）.
dismissal
Ⅱ.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
（4）Though he had stolen from his employers， they did not dismiss him， out of
consideration for his family.______
解雇
（5）Dorothy was ready to dismiss the idea of going to Spain for a
holiday.____________
去除；摒除
（6）At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed. ______
解散
（7）Most ordinary doctors， however， dismiss this as complete nonsense.
__________
不予考虑
知识点4 influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的 ＊influence n.影响 vt.影响；支配
（P30）Zheng He's accomplishments are now widely acknowledged， and he is remembered as one of China's mostinfluential explorers.
郑和的成就现在受到广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。
知识拓展
use one's influence to do sth 利用某人的权势做某事
have an influence on/upon 对……有影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
经典佳句
She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.
她是本地政坛最有影响力的人物之一。
The committee was influential in formulating government policy on employment.
委员会影响着政府就业政策的制定。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）As everyone knows，no one can avoid ________________（influence） by the
experience of the past.
being influenced
（2）It helps to have__________（influence） friends.
influential
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Most parents think that computer games _______________________ their
children.
大多数父母认为电脑游戏对孩子有不良影响。
have a bad influence on
（4）_____________________ a high school biology teacher，he took up the study
of medicine.
在一位高中生物老师的影响下，他开始学习医学。
Under the influence of
知识点5 acknowledge vt.承认（权威、地位） ；承认（属实） ；（公开）感谢 ＊acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；谢礼
（牛津词典）I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.
我没有承认他犯了什么错。
知识拓展
acknowledge （doing/having done） sth 承认（做了）某事
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as 承认某人/某物是……
It's generally/universally acknowledged that...人们普遍认为……
a generally acknowledged fact 公认的事实
in acknowledgement of ... 表示对……的谢意
经典佳句
He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）We gave them some flowers in ________________（acknowledge） of their
timely help.
acknowledgement
（2）___ is generally acknowledged to be true.
It
（3）He is also acknowledged ___ an excellent cook.
as
知识点6 insist vt.&vi.坚决要求；坚持；坚持说
（P31）Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.
哥伦布坚持通过横渡大西洋寻找通往东印度群岛的直接航线。
知识拓展
（1）insist作“坚持要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用（should+） do；作“坚持说；坚持认为”讲时，其后的从句用陈述语气。
（2）insist on/upon （doing） sth坚持要求（做）某事
经典佳句
He insisted that he hadn't done anything wrong and that he （should） be set free.
他坚持认为他没有做错任何事并且坚决要求被释放。
Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。
名师点拨
insist不接动词不定式，也不接动词不定式的复合结构。insist 后若接动词-ing形式要用insist on。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The doctor insisted that she _____（be） seriously ill and that she
______________________（operate） on immediately.
was
（should） be operated
（2）He insisted ____paying for the damage.
on
（3）He insisted that he ______（hear） someone in the next room.
heard
知识点7 depart vt.&vi.离开；起程 ＊departure n.离开；背离；起程
（P31）On 3 August 1492， hedeparted from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.
1492年8月3日，他带着三艘船离开西班牙，船上约有90名船员。
知识拓展
depart from 离开；开出；背离；违背
depart for 出发（去某地）
depart this life 去世；故去；离开人世
经典佳句
The actions depart from what she called the commonly accepted norms of democracy.
这些行动背离了她所谓的那些普遍接受的民主准则。
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）In his speech， the President _________（depart） from his text only once.
departed
（2）There was a delay in the _________（depart） of our plane.
departure
（3）Their new designs represent a departure ______their usual style.
from
知识点8 shortage n.不足；短缺 ＊short adj.短的；短期的；短暂的；缺乏的；简略的；缩写的 adv.缺少；不足
（P31）The journey was full of challenges:it took longer than expected， they faced a shortage of food， and one of the ships was leaking badly， which put everyone on this ship in grave danger.
这趟旅程充满了挑战:花费的时间比预期的要长,他们面临着食物短缺的问题，而且其中一艘船严重漏水，这使船上的每个人都处于严重的危险之中。
知识拓展
a shortage of 缺乏
water/food/housing shortage 水/食物/住房短缺
be short for 缩写；简称
be short of 缺少
run short of sth 缺少某物；快用完某物
经典佳句
Of course， New York is the ideal place for such an interesting study， because there is no shortage of tall buildings.
当然，纽约是进行这种有趣的研究的理想之地，因为那里不缺乏高楼大厦。
People around the world should be well aware of the real situation of the water shortage
全世界人民都应该清楚地了解水资源短缺的真实情况。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Can you lend me a couple of dollars I'm ____________.
你能借点钱给我吗 我手头有点紧。
a little short
（2）Our libraries____________funds.
我们的图书馆缺少经费。
are short of
（3）Weeks later， the local clinic began to run ________ some medication.
几周后，当地的诊所开始出现药物短缺。
short of
知识点9 panic vi.&vt. （panicked，panicked）（使）惊慌；（使）惊慌失措 n.惊恐；恐慌
（P31）The men on board were in panic.
船上的人惊慌失措。
知识拓展
panic sb into doing sth 使某人惊慌地做某事
get into a panic 陷入恐慌（动作）
be in （a） panic 处于恐慌之中（状态）
经典佳句
There's no point getting into a panic about the exams.
对考试惊惶失措是没有用的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I _________（panic） when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
panicked
（2）Many landowners ______________ （panic） into leaving the country at that
time.
were panicked
（3）She got into ___panic when she couldn't find the tickets.
a
（4）The girl is ___a panic. Try to help her calm down.
in
知识点10 astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊 ＊astonishment n.惊讶 ＊astonished adj.感到惊讶的；感到吃惊的 ＊astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
（P33）The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was.
记录表明，来访者对明朝如此富有和技术上如此先进感到很震惊。
知识拓展
in astonishment 惊讶地；惊奇地
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶
经典佳句
We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.
我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然保持着原来的状况。
As we approached the village，we were astonished by the scenery.
当我们走近村子时，我们对那里的景色感到惊讶。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Lindsey's husband was totally __________（astonish） by the unexpected visit.
astonished
（2）What brought about this ___________（astonish） change in me
astonishing
（3）She stared at the result of the experiment ___astonishment.
in
（4）____ our great astonishment， he escaped being hurt in the accident.
To
短语句式
知识点11 on behalf of 代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了
（P30）Between 1405 and 1433，on behalf of the Ming Dynasty， Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.
1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝共出航七次。
知识拓展
on behalf of sb=on sb's behalf 代表某人；为了（个人或团体）的利益；为了维护（某个原则）
经典佳句
I'm very glad to put on a performance here on behalf of our school.
我很高兴在这里代表我们的学校进行演出。
She made an emotional public appeal on her son's behalf.
她代表儿子动情地发出了公开呼吁。
名师点拨
on behalf of和represent都可以表示“代表”，前者是介词短语，后者是动词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）My husband could not be here tonight，but I want to thank you ____behalf of
him.
on
Ⅱ.一句多译
（2）曾经，我代表我们学校参加全国女主持人演讲比赛，并且获得了一等奖。
→Once I took part in a national hostess speaking contest ______________________
and won first place.
→Once I _____________________ to take part in a national hostess speaking contest
and won first place.
on behalf of our school
represented our school
知识点12 regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会
（P31）Regardless of all the challenges， Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean.
不顾所有挑战，哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过海洋。
知识拓展
regard...as... 把……视作……
in/with regard to 关于；至于
in this regard 在这方面
经典佳句
He went ahead and did it， regardless of the consequences.
他说干就干了，没有考虑后果。
The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children or not.
不管有没有孩子，每个人都会得到相同的金额。
名师点拨
regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接the fact that，也可以接whether、what引导的从句。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Meanwhile， I will regard it ___my duty to help keep our environment clean
and healthy.
as
（2）I would like to talk to you _______regard to the letter you sent me.
with/in
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）__________________________________________，the Great Green Wall Project
continues to develop.
无论该沙漠之后如何发展，“绿色长城”工程仍在继续进行。
Regardless of what's happening with the desert
知识点13 allow for 使成为可能；考虑到；把……计算在内
（P31）This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.
这一时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。
知识拓展
allow sb to do 允许某人做……
allow sth （for sb/sth） （为某目的）留出；给出
make allowance for 考虑到；体谅
make no allowance for不考虑在内
经典佳句
We must allow for human error.
我们必须考虑到人为的失误。
Each passenger is allowed twenty-five kilogrammes of luggage.
每位旅客被允许携带二十五公斤的行李。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The raw exam results _____________________ social background.
原始的考试成绩不考虑社会背景。
make no allowance for
（2）We have to ______________________that we might not finish this project on
schedule.
我们必须考虑到我们可能不能按时完成这个项目的情况。
allow for the possibility
（3）His parents won't________________________.
他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
allow him to stay out late
知识点14 which引导定语从句
（P31）His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration， a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.
他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。
知识拓展
这句话包含了一个which引导的定语从句，先行词是a period，在定语从句中作主语。which引导的定语从句修饰表示物的名词。which在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时which可以省略。除了引导定语从句外，which还可以引导主语从句和宾语从句。
The film which tells the love story of White Snake and Xu Xian is interesting.
那部讲述白蛇和许仙爱情故事的电影很有趣。
Where is the book （which） I bought last week
我上周买的那本书在哪里
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）This is a common fallacy（谬论） _______has no basis in fact.
which
（2）The problem _______we are trying to work out is difficult.
which
Ⅱ.用定语从句翻译下列句子
（3）太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。
_______________________________________________________________
Space and oceans are new areas which scientists are trying to explore.
（4）你昨天缺席的会议非常重要。
_________________________________________________________________
The meeting from which you were absent yesterday was very important.
（5）我们现在学的商务英语在将来对我们很有用。
___________________________________________________________________________
The business English which we are studying will be very useful for us in the future.
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The three men seemed to have finished ________（load） the truck.
loading
2.He dumped the _____（log） on the big stone hearth.
logs
3.He does not seem to be familiar with research which might have ____________
（strengthen） his own arguments.
strengthened
4.Mr Wakeham __________（dismiss） the reports as speculation.
dismissed
5.In the past, she ________（insist） on being present at all the interviews.
insisted
6.All escape _______（route） were blocked by armed police.
routes
7.In the morning Mr McDonald _________（depart） for Sydney.
departed
8.The unexpected and sudden memory briefly _________（panic） her.
panicked
9.In the army， lieutenants are subordinate to________（captain）.
captains
10.She__________（astonish） us by saying she was leaving.
astonished
Ⅱ.选词填空
set sail； insist on； pass on； as far as； be loaded with； on behalf of； allow
for； have an impact on； be remembered as； regardless of
1.With all these new contracts，I_______________work.
am loaded with
2.Fields and hills stretched out_________we could see.
as far as
3.Our buyers_________high standards of workmanship and materials.
insist on
4.Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ____________my colleagues.
on behalf of
5.The sailors ________ again in search of a new island.
set sail
6.They have come to us to ________ their valuable experience.
pass on
7.She purposely made the dress larger to _________ shrinking when it was washed.
allow for
8.Just help others and be nice because eventually you'll _________________ a nice
person.
be remembered as
9.Could you set an example in the classroom and try to__________________ your
deskmate
have an impact on
10._____________how often I correct him， he always makes the same mistake.
Regardless of
Ⅲ.单句写作
1._______________seeing through walls may sound silly.
梦想着能够隔墙看物，这可能听起来有些愚蠢。
Dreaming about
2.The second shop you enter ______________jewellery.
你进入的第二家商店满是珠宝。
is loaded with
3.He spoke ____________all the members of the faculty and staff.
他代表全体教职员工讲了话。
on behalf of
4.He __________at the age of 72.
他72岁时去世。
passed on
5.How do we know what happened on earth before ______________written history
我们怎么知道历史未被记录之前世界上发生的事呢？
the records of
6.We ___________a refund of the full amount.
我们坚持要求全额退款。
insisted on
单句填空
1.（2023·浙江1月）My goal is to help my students develop awareness of their
_________（strong）， weaknesses， and learning needs， and to enable them to
learn throughout their lives.
strengths
2.（2022·新高考Ⅱ）Children are not ________（allow） unaccompanied in all areas
of the Museum.
allowed
3.（2022·全国乙）Today's figures，according to one government official，show the
positive _________（influential） the sugar tax is having by raising millions of
pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools.
influence
4.（2022·新高考Ⅱ）Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part
of an___________（explore），not as a complete highway.
exploration
5.（2023·浙江1月）And that's why， however ___________（astonish） Project
Debater may seem， the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not
end with artificial intelligence.
astonishingUnit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning about language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
拓展单词
1. vt. 使确信;使相信;说服;劝说→ adj.坚信的;确信的→ adj.有说服力的
2. vi. & vt. 装上;装入 n. 负载;承载量;大量→ adj.装载的;有负载的→ n.装载;负载;附加费用
3. vt. & vi. 加强;增强→ n. 力量;力气;实力;长处
4. vt. 不予考虑;对……不屑一提;去除;摒除;解雇;解散→ adj.轻蔑的;鄙视的
5. vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢→ n.承认;答谢
6. adj. 有很大影响力的;有支配力的→ n. 影响;支配力;有影响的人或事 vt. 影响;支配
7. vt. & vi. 坚决要求;坚持;坚持说→ n. 坚持;坚决要求→ adj. 坚持的;坚决要求的
8. adj. 财政的;金融的;财务的→ n. 财政;财力;金融 v. 给……提供资金;资助→ adv. 财政上;金融上
9. vt. & vi. 离开;起程→ n.离开;起程→ adj.过去的;已故的
10. n. 不足;短缺→ adj. 短的;不足的;矮的
11. vt. 使十分惊讶;使吃惊→ adj. 令人惊愕的→ adj.感到惊愕的→ n.惊愕(讶)
12. adv. 广泛地;广阔地→ adj. 广泛的;大量的;广阔的
13. vt. 使便利;促进→ n. 简便化;促进
14. adj. 可获得的;可找到的;有空的→ n. 可用性;有效性;实用性
15. vt. 采用;采取;表决采纳;领养;收养vi. 领养;收养→ n.收养;采纳(用)
16. n. 对比;比较→ v. 比较;对比;相比;匹敌 n.比较→ adj.可比较的
17. vt. & vi. 塞进;挤进;装(箱);收拾;打包;包装 n.包;包裹;小盒;小包→ adj. 充满……的;塞满了……的
18. adv.猛烈地;厉害地; 强烈地;激烈地;凶狠地→ adj. 暴力的;猛烈的→ n.暴力;暴行;狂热;激情;激烈
19. vi. 俯冲;跳水;潜水 n. 冲;扑;俯冲;潜水;跳水→ n.潜水员→ n.跳水(运动)
20. vt. & vi. (froze, frozen) 突然停止;呆住;结冰;冻僵→ adj. 冰点以下的;结冰的;极冷的→ adj. 冻结的;冰封的;冷冻的
21. vt. 改进;改良;改革n. 改革;改良→ n.改革;改进;革新→ n. 改革者;革新者;改良者
22. n. 改变;转移;轮班vt. & vi.(使)移动;(使)转移→ adj.不思上进的;混日子的;无能的;偷懒的
答案 1.convince;convinced;convincing 2.load;loaded;loading 3.strengthen; strength 4.dismiss;dismissive 5.acknowledge;acknowledgement 6.influential;influence 7.insist; insistence; insistent 8.financial; finance;financially 9.depart;departure;departed 10.shortage;short 11.astonish; astonishing; astonished; astonishment 12.extensively; extensive 13.facilitate; facilitation 14.available; availability 15.adopt; adoption parison;compare; comparable
17.pack; packed 18.violently; violent; violence 19.dive; diver;diving 20.freeze; freezing; frozen 21.reform; reformation; reformer 22.shift; shiftless
构词规律
v.+-ive→adj. n.+-en→v.
adopt→adoptive 收养的;有收养关系的 addict→addictive 使人成瘾的;使人入迷的 attract→attractive 有吸引力的;吸引人的 strength→strengthen 加强;增强 threat→threaten 威胁 fright→frighten 使惊吓;使惊恐
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 启航
2. 被装满
3. 离开;从……出发
4. 随着……的兴起
5. 面临食物短缺
6. 对……有影响
7. 传递;告知;去世
8. 作为……而被铭记
9. 对……表现出极大的兴趣
10. 代表
11.navigate the blue seas
12.demonstrate the advanced technology and special skills
13.develop and strengthen harmonious relations
14.keep logs of their voyages and chart the coast
15.dismiss the records of these voyages as legends
16.receive a royal welcome
17.bear witness to the long history
18.learn Chinese classics from great literary masters
19.suffer a lot of pain physically and mentally
20.vivid descriptions of historical figures
答案 1.set sail 2.be loaded with 3.depart from
4.with the rise of 5.face a shortage of food 6.have an impact on 7.pass on 8.be remembered as 9.show great interest in 10.on behalf of 11.在蓝色的大海上航行 12.展示先进的技术和特殊的技艺 13.发展和加强和谐的关系 14.记录他们的航行日志并绘制海岸图 15.把这些航海记录当作传说而不予考虑 16.受到皇家的欢迎 17.见证了悠久的历史 18.向伟大的文学大师学习中国经典 19.遭受身体和精神上的巨大痛苦 20.对历史人物的生动描述
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Their discoveries have improved our knowledge of the Earth and have also changed the way we understand our place in the world.(先行词the way在定语从句中作状语时,关系词可省略)
翻译 他们的发现提高了我们对地球的认知,也改变了我们了解自己在世界上的地位的方式。
仿写 The libraries are not declining in importance—people are simply changing .
图书馆的重要性并没有下降,人们只是改变了使用图书馆的方式。
2.Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. (as is/was the case)
翻译 那些取得重大发现的人必须经常克服许多挑战,就像探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布那样。
仿写 There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, .
人的智力需要开发,就像人的内心世界需要开发的那样。
3.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings. (同位语)
翻译 他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章,这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。
仿写 Jerry, ,has lived with us for eight years.
杰瑞,我们心爱的宠物狗,已经和我们一起生活了八年。
答案 1.the way they use them 2.as is the case with their inner world 3.our beloved pet dog
【合作探究】
新知探究
核心素养
郑和是明朝航海家,外交家。郑和年轻时从侍燕王朱棣,有智略,知兵习战。后在靖难之役中有功,升任为内官监太监。1405年(永乐三年)至1424年(永乐二十二年),郑和六次作为正使太监下西洋。1425年(洪熙元年)后,郑和任南京守备太监,1430年(宣德五年)受命第七次下西洋,一说在途中于1433年(宣德八年)卒于古里国,今南京牛首山南麓郑和墓或为其衣冠冢。
郑和下西洋是15世纪初叶世界航海史上的空前壮举, 对中外经济、文化交往起到了积极作用。郑和本人也在这一历史事件中展现出其外交才能、军事谋略以及精神品质,并赢得世人的尊重和纪念。
解析教材
Sailing the oceans
Zheng He
In the summer of 1405,Zheng He,one of China's greatest explorers,set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas,with almost 28,000 people on board,which was a splendid scene(1). It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas.According to some records,the largest ships were over 140 metres in length,demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships(2).
航 海
郑 和
1405年夏天,中国最伟大的探险家之一郑和从太仓启航,开始了他的第一次航行。一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的大海上航行,船上约有28 000人,场面十分壮观。要花500年才能有一支更大的船队出海航行。根据一些记录可知,船队中最大的船只长度超过140米,展示了建造船只的先进技术和特殊技艺。
【助读点拨】
(1)此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子的内容。
(2)此处为动词-ing形式作状语。
Between 1405 and 1433,on behalf of the Ming Dynasty,Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.His ships were loaded with china,silk,tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers,and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions.He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa.As they sailed(3),the navigators took compass readings,kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast. Later the detailed maps became Zheng He's Navigation Map.
1405年到1433年期间,郑和代表明朝共出航七次。他的船上装载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶等珍品,作为馈赠外国统治者的礼物,船队还对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。他甚至远航到非洲东海岸。当他们航行时,领航员读取罗盘读数,记录他们的航行日志并绘制海岸图。后来这些详细的地图成了《郑和航海图》。
【助读点拨】
(3)此处为as引导的时间状语从句。
Zheng He's seven voyages had a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours.In the countries and regions where Zheng He set foot(4), legends have been passed on about this great explorer.Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions,exposing foreign people to Chinese culture,and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands(5).
郑和的七次航行对中国及其邻国都产生了深远的影响。在郑和踏足的国家和地区,一直流传着关于这位伟大的探险家的传说。郑和的努力有助于发展和加强同这些国家和地区的和谐关系,使外国人接触中国文化,并且让中国人更好地了解海外的土地。
【助读点拨】
(4)此处为where引导的定语从句,修饰前面的countries and regions。
(5)exposing...和allowing...是并列的动词-ing形式作结果状语。
For many years,some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing,where the fleet had been built(6). Zheng He's accomplishments are now widely acknowledged,and he is remembered as one of China's most influential explorers.
多年来,一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。在南京发现的一个巨大的造船厂最终证明了这一事实,在那里建造了郑和的船队。郑和的成就现在受到广泛认可,他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。
【助读点拨】
(6)此处为where引导的非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词shipyard。
Christopher Columbus
Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus.Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager,he loved sailing,and he showed great interest in geography,which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman(7).
克里斯托弗·哥伦布
那些取得重大发现的人必须经常克服许多挑战,就像探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布那样。哥伦布于1451年出生在意大利的一个港口城市。十几岁时他就喜欢航海,他对地理表现出极大的兴趣,这促使他开始他的海员生涯。
【助读点拨】
(7)此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子。
Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.After continuous attempts,he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain.On 3 August 1492,he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.The journey was full of challenges:it took longer than expected,they faced a shortage of food,and one of the ships was leaking badly,which put everyone on this ship in grave danger(8). The men on board were in panic.Regardless of all the challenges,Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean.
哥伦布坚持通过横渡大西洋寻找通往东印度群岛的直接航线。经过不断的努力,他得到了西班牙国王和王后的资助。1492年8月3日,他带着三艘船离开西班牙,船上约有90名船员。这趟旅程充满了挑战:花费的时间比预期的要长,他们面临着食物短缺的问题,而且其中一艘船严重漏水,这使船上的每个人都处于严重的危险之中。船上的人惊慌失措。不顾所有挑战,哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过海洋。最后,在10月12日,船员们发现了远处的陆
Finally,on 12 October, the crew spotted land in the distance. Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.However,the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean,not the East Indies.
地。哥伦布称居住在群岛上的土著为印第安人,因为他确信自己在东印度群岛。然而,他们到达的是加勒比海海岸,而不是东印度群岛。
【助读点拨】
(8)此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子。
Between 1493 and 1504,Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages.The major contribution of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World(9).His discovery inspired explorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration,a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.(10)This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.
1493年至1504年间,哥伦布在随后的三次航行中发现了更多陆地。这位伟大的探险家的主要贡献是他“发现”了新大陆。他的发现激励了像詹姆斯·库克船长等探险家去探索和发现世界上更广阔的地区。他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章,这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。这一时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。
【助读点拨】
(9)此处为that引导的表语从句。
(10)此处为which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a period。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 convince vt. 使确信;使相信;说服;劝说 *convincing adj.令人信服的
*convinced adj.确信的;深信的
(P29)“It is clear,” he said, “that there is only one way to convince you...”
他说:“显然,只有一个办法能使你信服……”
知识拓展
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb that... 使某人相信……
图解释义
Every time I attempt to convince her,it is in vain.
每一次我都试图说服她,但都不起作用。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)His mother has been trying to convince him (see) a doctor.
(2)This last argument is the most (convince) to me.
(3) (convince) others of something is really a challenging task.
(4)How can I convince you her honesty
答案 (1)to see (2)convincing (3)Convincing
(4)of
知识点2 strengthen vt. & vi. 加强;增强 * strength n. 体力;力气;长处;优势;力量;毅力 *strong adj. 强壮的;坚强的 *strongly adv. 坚决地;强有力地
(P30)Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.
郑和的努力有助于发展和加强同这些国家和地区的和谐关系,使外国人接触中国文化,并且让中国人更好地了解海外的土地。
知识拓展
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
build up one's strength 增强体质
have the strength to do sth 有力量做某事
with all one's strength 竭尽全力
经典佳句
We strongly feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed in life and career,including a strong body and a good personality. Knowing our strength is also very important. But the most important thing is to strengthen the ties with the people around us.
我们强烈地感到,许多因素决定了我们能否在生活和事业上取得成功,包括强健的身体和良好的人格。了解我们的实力也很重要。但最重要的是加强与周围人的联系。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Great determination and ambition are his great (strength).
(2)Every morning I'm working out to build up my (strong).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) , we often engage in all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis.
为了强身健体, 我们经常组织各种各样的活动,如打篮球和打乒乓球。
答案 (1)strengths (2)strength (3)To build up our strength
知识点3 dismiss vt. 不予考虑;对……不屑一提;去除;摒除;解雇;解散 * dismissal n. 解雇;免职
(P30) For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.
多年来,一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。
知识拓展
dismiss sth as sth 把……当作……而不予考虑
dismiss sb for sth 因为某事而解雇某人
dismiss sb from 把某人从……解雇
dismiss sb/sth from one's mind 忘记某人或者某事
经典佳句
Three workers were dismissed for being lazy.
三个工人因怠工而被解雇。
Emil tried to dismiss from his mind the horrible thoughts.
艾米尔竭力从心头排除掉这些可怕的想法。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)She tried to dismiss him her mind.
(2)His boss dismissed him his job making too many mistakes.
(3)He still hopes to win his claim against unfair (dismiss).
Ⅱ.写出下列句中黑体词的含义
(4)Though he had stolen from his employers, they did not dismiss him, out of consideration for his family.
(5)Dorothy was ready to dismiss the idea of going to Spain for a holiday.
(6)At 12 o'clock the class was dismissed.
(7)Most ordinary doctors, however, dismiss this as complete nonsense.
答案 (1)from (2)from;for (3)dismissal (4)解雇
(5)去除;摒除 (6)解散 (7)不予考虑
知识点4 influential adj. 有很大影响力的;有支配力的 * influence n. 影响 vt. 影响;支配
(P30)Zheng He's accomplishments are now widely acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China's most influential explorers.
郑和的成就现在受到广泛认可,他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。
知识拓展
use one's influence to do sth 利用某人的权势做某事
have an influence on/upon 对……有影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
经典佳句
She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.
她是本地政坛最有影响力的人物之一。
The committee was influential in formulating government policy on employment.
委员会影响着政府就业政策的制定。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)As everyone knows,no one can avoid (influence) by the experience of the past.
(2)It helps to have (influence) friends.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Most parents think that computer games their children.
大多数父母认为电脑游戏对孩子有不良影响。
(4) a high school biology teacher,he took up the study of medicine.
在一位高中生物老师的影响下,他开始学习医学。
答案 (1)being influenced (2)influential (3)have a bad influence on (4)Under the influence of
知识点5 acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位) ;承认(属实) ;(公开)感谢 * acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢;谢礼
(牛津词典)I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong.
我没有承认他犯了什么错。
知识拓展
acknowledge (doing/having done) sth承认(做了)某事
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as承认某人/某物是……
It's generally/universally acknowledged that...人们普遍认为……
a generally acknowledged fact 公认的事实
in acknowledgement of ... 表示对……的谢意
经典佳句
He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)We gave them some flowers in (acknowledge) of their timely help.
(2) is generally acknowledged to be true.
(3)He is also acknowledged an excellent cook.
答案 (1)acknowledgement (2)It (3)as
知识点6 insist vt. & vi. 坚决要求;坚持;坚持说
(P31)Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.
哥伦布坚持通过横渡大西洋寻找通往东印度群岛的直接航线。
知识拓展
(1)insist作“坚持要求;坚持主张”讲时,后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用(should+) do;作“坚持说;坚持认为”讲时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
(2)insist on/upon (doing) sth坚持要求(做)某事
经典佳句
He insisted that he hadn't done anything wrong and that he (should) be set free.
他坚持认为他没有做错任何事并且坚决要求被释放。
Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物,以确保它是安全的。
名师点拨
insist不接动词不定式,也不接动词不定式的复合结构。insist 后若接动词-ing形式要用insist on。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The doctor insisted that she (be) seriously ill and that she (operate) on immediately.
(2)He insisted paying for the damage.
(3)He insisted that he (hear) someone in the next room.
答案 (1)was;(should) be operated (2)on (3)heard
知识点7 depart vt. & vi. 离开;起程 * departure n. 离开;背离;起程
(P31)On 3 August 1492, he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.
1492年8月3日,他带着三艘船离开西班牙,船上约有90名船员。
知识拓展
depart from 离开;开出;背离;违背
depart for 出发(去某地)
depart this life 去世;故去;离开人世
经典佳句
The actions depart from what she called the commonly accepted norms of democracy.
这些行动背离了她所谓的那些普遍接受的民主准则。
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)In his speech, the President (depart) from his text only once.
(2)There was a delay in the (depart) of our plane.
(3)Their new designs represent a departure their usual style.
答案 (1)departed (2)departure (3)from
知识点8 shortage n. 不足;短缺 *short adj.短的;短期的;短暂的;缺乏的;简略的;缩写的 adv.缺少;不足
(P31)The journey was full of challenges:it took longer than expected, they faced a shortage of food, and one of the ships was leaking badly, which put everyone on this ship in grave danger.
这趟旅程充满了挑战:花费的时间比预期的要长,他们面临着食物短缺的问题,而且其中一艘船严重漏水,这使船上的每个人都处于严重的危险之中。
知识拓展
a shortage of 缺乏
water/food/housing shortage 水/食物/住房短缺
be short for 缩写;简称
be short of 缺少
run short of sth 缺少某物;快用完某物
经典佳句
Of course, New York is the ideal place for such an interesting study, because there is no shortage of tall buildings.
当然,纽约是进行这种有趣的研究的理想之地,因为那里不缺乏高楼大厦。
People around the world should be well aware of the real situation of the water shortage.
全世界人民都应该清楚地了解水资源短缺的真实情况。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Can you lend me a couple of dollars I'm .
你能借点钱给我吗 我手头有点紧。
(2)Our libraries funds.
我们的图书馆缺少经费。
(3)Weeks later, the local clinic began to run some medication.
几周后,当地的诊所开始出现药物短缺。
答案 (1)a little short (2)are short of (3)short of
知识点9 panic vi. & vt. (panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌; (使)惊慌失措 n.惊恐;恐慌
(P31)The men on board were in panic.
船上的人惊慌失措。
知识拓展
panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事
get into a panic 陷入恐慌(动作)
be in (a) panic 处于恐慌之中(状态)
经典佳句
There's no point getting into a panic about the exams.
对考试惊惶失措是没有用的。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I (panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
(2)Many landowners (panic) into leaving the country at that time.
(3)She got into panic when she couldn't find the tickets.
(4)The girl is a panic.Try to help her calm down.
答案 (1)panicked (2)were panicked (3)a (4)in
知识点10 astonish vt. 使十分惊讶;使吃惊 *astonishment n. 惊讶 *astonished adj. 感到惊讶的;感到吃惊的 *astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(P33)The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was.
记录表明,来访者对明朝如此富有和技术上如此先进感到很震惊。
知识拓展
in astonishment 惊讶地;惊奇地
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
be astonished at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶
经典佳句
We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.
我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然保持着原来的状况。
As we approached the village,we were astonished by the scenery.
当我们走近村子时,我们对那里的景色感到惊讶。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Lindsey's husband was totally (astonish) by the unexpected visit.
(2)What brought about this (astonish) change in me
(3)She stared at the result of the experiment astonishment.
(4) our great astonishment, he escaped being hurt in the accident.
答案 (1)astonished (2)astonishing (3)in (4)To
短 语 句 式
知识点11 on behalf of代表(或代替) ;为帮助; 为了
(P30)Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.
1405年到1433年期间,郑和代表明朝共出航七次。
知识拓展
on behalf of sb=on sb's behalf 代表某人;为了(个人或团体)的利益;为了维护(某个原则)
经典佳句
I'm very glad to put on a performance here on behalf of our school.
我很高兴在这里代表我们的学校进行演出。
She made an emotional public appeal on her son's behalf.
她代表儿子动情地发出了公开呼吁。
名师点拨
on behalf of和represent都可以表示“代表”,前者是介词短语,后者是动词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)My husband could not be here tonight,but I want to thank you behalf of him.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(2)曾经,我代表我们学校参加全国女主持人演讲比赛,并且获得了一等奖。
→Once I took part in a national hostess speaking contest and won first place.
→Once I to take part in a national hostess speaking contest and won first place.
答案 (1)on (2)on behalf of our school; represented our school
知识点12 regardless of 不管;不顾;不理会
(P31)Regardless of all the challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean.
不顾所有挑战,哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过海洋。
知识拓展
regard...as... 把……视作……
in/with regard to 关于;至于
in this regard 在这方面
经典佳句
He went ahead and did it, regardless of the consequences.
他说干就干了,没有考虑后果。
The amount will be paid to everyone regardless of whether they have children or not.
不管有没有孩子,每个人都会得到相同的金额。
名师点拨
regardless of强调“不认为……重要”,从而不加以重视或考虑,其后可接the fact that,也可以接whether、what引导的从句。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Meanwhile, I will regard it my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.
(2)I would like to talk to you regard to the letter you sent me.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) ,the Great Green Wall Project continues to develop.
无论该沙漠之后如何发展,“绿色长城”工程仍在继续进行。
答案 (1)as (2)with/in (3)Regardless of what's happening with the desert
知识点13 allow for使成为可能;考虑到;把……计算在内
(P31)This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.
这一时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。
知识拓展
allow sb to do 允许某人做……
allow sth (for sb/sth) (为某目的)留出;给出
make allowance for 考虑到;体谅
make no allowance for不考虑在内
经典佳句
We must allow for human error.
我们必须考虑到人为的失误。
Each passenger is allowed twenty-five kilogrammes of luggage.
每位旅客被允许携带二十五公斤的行李。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)The raw exam results social background.
原始的考试成绩不考虑社会背景。
(2)We have to that we might not finish this project on schedule.
我们必须考虑到我们可能不能按时完成这个项目的情况。
(3)His parents won't .
他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。
答案 (1)make no allowance for (2)allow for the possibility (3)allow him to stay out late
知识点14 which引导定语从句
(P31)His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.
他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章,这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。
知识拓展
这句话包含了一个which引导的定语从句,先行词是a period,在定语从句中作主语。which引导的定语从句修饰表示物的名词。which在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时which可以省略。除了引导定语从句外,which还可以引导主语从句和宾语从句。
The film which tells the love story of White Snake and Xu Xian is interesting.
那部讲述白蛇和许仙爱情故事的电影很有趣。
Where is the book (which) I bought last week
我上周买的那本书在哪里
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)This is a common fallacy(谬论) has no basis in fact.
(2)The problem we are trying to work out is difficult.
Ⅱ.用定语从句翻译下列句子
(3)太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4)你昨天缺席的会议非常重要。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5)我们现在学的商务英语在将来对我们很有用。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)which (2)which (3)Space and oceans are new areas which scientists are trying to explore.
(4)The meeting from which you were absent yesterday was very important. (5)The business English which we are studying will be very useful for us in the future.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The three men seemed to have finished (load) the truck.
2.He dumped the (log) on the big stone hearth.
3.He does not seem to be familiar with research which might have (strengthen) his own arguments.
4.Mr Wakeham (dismiss) the reports as speculation.
5.In the past, she (insist) on being present at all the interviews.
6.All escape (route) were blocked by armed police.
7.In the morning Mr McDonald (depart) for Sydney.
8.The unexpected and sudden memory briefly (panic) her.
9.In the army, lieutenants are subordinate to (captain).
10.She (astonish) us by saying she was leaving.
答案 1.loading 2.logs 3.strengthened 4.dismissed
5.insisted 6.routes 7.departed 8.panicked 9.captains
10.astonished
Ⅱ.选词填空
set sail; insist on; pass on; as far as; be loaded with; on behalf of;
allow for; have an impact on; be remembered as; regardless of
1.With all these new contracts,I work.
2.Fields and hills stretched out we could see.
3.Our buyers high standards of workmanship and materials.
4.Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help my colleagues.
5.The sailors again in search of a new island.
6.They have come to us to their valuable experience.
7.She purposely made the dress larger to shrinking when it was washed.
8.Just help others and be nice because eventually you'll a nice person.
9.Could you set an example in the classroom and try to your deskmate
10. how often I correct him, he always makes the same mistake.
答案 1.am loaded with 2.as far as 3.insist on 4.on behalf of 5.set sail 6.pass on 7.allow for 8.be remembered as 9.have an impact on 10.Regardless of
Ⅲ.单句写作
1. seeing through walls may sound silly.
梦想着能够隔墙看物,这可能听起来有些愚蠢。
2.The second shop you enter jewellery.
你进入的第二家商店满是珠宝。
3.He spoke all the members of the faculty and staff.
他代表全体教职员工讲了话。
4.He at the age of 72.
他72岁时去世。
5.How do we know what happened on earth before written history
我们怎么知道历史未被记录之前世界上发生的事呢
6.We a refund of the full amount.
我们坚持要求全额退款。
答案 1.Dreaming about 2.is loaded with 3.on behalf of 4.passed on 5.the records of 6.insisted on
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2023·浙江1月)My goal is to help my students develop awareness of their (strong), weaknesses, and learning needs, and to enable them to learn throughout their lives.
2.(2022·新高考Ⅱ)Children are not (allow) unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.
3.(2022·全国乙)Today's figures,according to one government official,show the positive (influential) the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schools.
4.(2022·新高考Ⅱ)Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an (explore),not as a complete highway.
5.(2023·浙江1月)And that's why, however (astonish) Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
答案 1.strengths 2.allowed 3.influence 4.exploration
5.astonishing
2
