Unit 1 词形变换 高频考点 语法讲解 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册 讲义

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名称 Unit 1 词形变换 高频考点 语法讲解 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册 讲义
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更新时间 2024-04-12 20:31:11

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Unit 1 高频考点(词形变换+知识点)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
Unit 1 词性转换
1. foot (n. 脚;足)→ feet (n. 脚 复数)
2. stomach (n. 胃;腹部)→ stomachs (n. 胃;腹部 复数)→ stomachache (n. 痛;腹痛)
3. lie (v. 躺;平躺)→ lay (过去式)→ lying (现在分词)
4. hurt (v. (使)疼痛;受伤)→ hurt (过去式)→ hurt (过去分词)
trouble (n. .问题;苦恼)→ (同义词) matter/problem
hit (v. (用手或器具)击;打)→ hit (过去式)→ hit (过去分词)
she (pron. 她 主格)→ herself(pron. 她自己(反身代词))
we (pron. 我们 主格)→ ourselves(pron.我们自己(反身代词))
climb (v. 爬)→ climber(n.攀登者)
knife (n. 刀)→ knives(复数)
mean (v. 意思是;打算)→ meant (过去式) →meaning (n. 意义;意思) →meaningful (adj. 有意义的)→ meaningless (adj.毫无意义的)
important (adj.重要的)→ unimportant (adj.不重要的) → importance (n.重要性)
decide(v. 决定;下决心)→ decision (n. 决定;抉择)
die (v. 死 )→ died (过去式)→ dying(现在分词)→ dead(adj.死的;失去生命的)→death (n.死亡)
重点短语
重点短语
have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. have a cold 受凉;感冒 5. have a stomachache 胃疼 6. have a sore back 背疼 7. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 9.have a heart problem 有心脏病 10. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 11. talk too much 说得太多 12. drink enough water 喝足够的水 13. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 14. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 15. see a dentist 看牙医 16. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 17. take one’s temperature 量体温 18. put some medicine on sth. 在…上面敷药 19. feel very hot 感到很热 20. sound like 听起来像 21. all weekend 整个周末 22. in the same way 以同样的方式 23. go to a doctor 看医生 24. go along 沿着…走 25. on the side of the road 在马路边 26. shout for help 大声呼救 27. without thinking twice 没有多想 28. get off/on 下车/上车 29. to one’s surprise 使... 惊讶的 30.thanks to 多亏了 ;由于 thanks for +V-ing... 因.....而感谢你 31 in time 及时 32. save a life 挽救生命 33. get into trouble 造成麻烦 be in trouble 处在困境中 34. right away/ at once/ right now 立刻;马上 35. because of 由于 36. get out of 离开;从……出萍 37. hurt oneself 受伤 38. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 39. fall down 摔倒 fall---fell 40. feel sick 感到恶心 41. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 42. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. the importance of ...的重要性 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在困境中 50. keep on doing sth. 继续/坚持做事 51. make a decision/make decisions做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up (doing) sth. 放弃 54. take breaks/take a break 休息
高频考点
see sb. doing sth与see sb. do sth
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(看见动作正在进行)
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(看见动作全过程或经常性的动作)
I often see him play basketball after school. 我经常看见他放学后打篮球。
I saw him playing the piano in the music room just now. 我刚刚看见他正在音乐室弹钢琴。
2. trouble n. 问题;苦恼
get (sb.) into trouble"(使某人)陷入困境"。
(2)be in trouble意为"陷入困境中"。
(3)have trouble /difficulty/problems with sth.=have trouble /difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.表示"做某事有困难"。
3. be /get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,表示过去做过的事现在已经不做,只用于过去时态。
keep on doing sth "继续或坚持做某事" keep on climbing mountains 坚持爬山 keep--kept
important adj. 重要的(反)unimportant→ importance n. 重要性★
the importance of... …..的重要性
My parents have taught me________________________ (…..的重要性)of working hard.
decide v. 决定→-decision n 决定★
(1)decide to do sth,= make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定做某事
(2)make a decision / make decisions做决定
need to do sth. 需要去做某事 need to take breaks 需要去休息
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 tell him to rest 告诉他去休息
agree to do sth. 同意去做某事
surprise ★ ★
(1) v. 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的(修饰物) →surprised adj. 吃惊的(修饰物)
surprise sb. 使某人吃惊 Eg. The bad news surprised me.
be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
n. 惊讶 常见搭配有:
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地
without prep. 没有,缺乏;后接名词、代词宾格或v-ing作宾语,其反义词为with
语法解读
1. 情态动词should的用法
should 是情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t, 其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。should not=shouldn’t 不应该
主语+should/shouldn’t +动词原形
You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下来休息一会儿。
You shouldn’t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。
You shouldn’t watch TV. 你不应该看电视。
2. 反身代词
(1)反身代词的意义:表示反射或强调自己的代词叫反身代词,意为“自己,本身”;为加强语气,常译为“亲自”。
(2)反身代词的构成:
第一人称、第二人称的反身代词:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成
单数 myself yourself
复数 ourselves yourselves
第三人称的反身代词:第三人称宾格+self/selves
单数: himself herself itself
复数: themselves
(3)反身代词常见搭配: (需要背诵哦)
enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴
teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学
by oneself =alone 独自
help oneself to 随便吃或喝点
look after/take care of oneself 照顾自己
cut/hurt oneself 伤着自己
(4)注意:反身代词必须与人称保持一致。