Unit 1 What's the matter? Section B 课件(共28张PPT) 2023-2024学年英语人教版八年级下册

(共28张PPT)
Unit 1 What’s the matter
Section B
课前导学
　
　
　
话题目标 利用事件发展顺序来辅助理解所阅读的材料;了解阿伦·罗尔斯顿的经历及其回忆录《生死两难》
重点单词 sick adj. 生病的; 有病的 ourselves n. (we 的反身代词)我们自己
mean v. 意思是;打算;意欲 importance n. 重要性;重要
decision n. 决定; 抉择 death n. 死; 死亡
bandage n. 绷带 v. 用绷带包扎 situation n. 情况; 状况
kilo n. 千克; 公斤 knee n. 膝; 膝盖
rock n. 岩石 nosebleed n. 鼻出血
knife n. 刀 breathe v. 呼吸
blood n. 血 sunburned adj. 晒伤的
control n. & v. 限制; 约束; 管理 risk n. & v. 危险; 风险; 冒险
spirit n. 勇气; 意志 climber n. 登山者; 攀登者
accident n. (交通)事故; 意外遭遇
常考短语 be used to 习惯于……；适应于..... get out of 离开; 从……出来
run out (of) 用尽; 耗尽 be in control of 掌管; 管理
take risks / take a risk 冒险
keep on (doing sth.) 继续或坚持 ( 做某事)
cut off 切除 give up 放弃
so that 为了;以便 make a decision 做决定
重点句型 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
作为一名登山者，阿伦已习惯了冒险
2. Then, with his left arm，he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
然后，他用左手给自己缠绷带，以防失血过多。
3. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
“between a rock and a hard place” 是什么意思
　
　
　
阅读课本第6页2b，选择正确答案。
( )1. Aron is a(n) ________.
A. driver B. writer C. artist D. mountain climber
( )2.Aron couldn't free his right arm because ________.
A. there was something wrong with his arm
B. his arm was caught under a heavy rock
C. he was too tired to move
D. he lost his right arm
( ) 3. Aron made a decision to cut off his arm ________.
A. when someone found him
B. after he stayed there for three days
C. when he ran out of his water
D. after he finished his writing
课堂同步
　
　
　
D
B
C
( ) 4. ________, Aron bandaged himself with his left arm.
A. In order not to lose too much blood
B. In order to move fast
C. In order to be found easily
D. In order not to catch a cold
( )5. After the accident, ________.
A. Aron stopped climbing mountains
B. Aron kept on climbing mountains
C. Aron didn't like climbing mountains any more
D. Aron told other people not to take risks
A
B
课文探究
要点1 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一 名登山者，阿伦已习惯了冒险。
be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，表示某一客观事实或状态，不强调动作。to是介词，后面接名词或动名词。其中be可以用get或become代替。
如: She is not used to eating Chinese food. 她不习惯吃中餐。
※拓展※
used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。
be used to do sth.=be used for doing sth.意为“ 被用来做某事”。
如: Wood is often used to make desks and chairs. =Wood is often used for making desks and chairs. 木头常常被用来做成桌椅。
学有所用
(1)( )Tom ________ in bed.
A. used for read B. is used to read
C. is used for reading D. is used to reading
(2)( ) These books ________ improve our listening.
A. used to B. are used to
C. are used for D. used for
(3)( )He ________ work at night, but now he usually works in the day.
A. used to B. are used to
C. are used for D. used for
D
B
A
要点2 This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. 这是危险运动中刺激的事情之一。
one of意为……之”，后面常接复数可数名词。“one of +the +最高级+可数名词复数”, 意为“最……之一“。
如: One of the books is about Edison.其中一本书是关于爱迪生的。
The Great Wall is one of the oldest buildings in the world.长城是世界上最古老的建筑物之一 。
学有所用
(1)( ) One of ________ in our class ________ Wang Jun.
A. the tallest boys; are B. the tallest boys; is
C. the tall boy; is D. the taller boy; are
(2)( ) — Have you ever seen Tom and Jerry
— Sure. It is one of ________ cartoons I have ever seen.
A. wonderful B. the most wonderful
C. more wonderful D. the more wonderful
B
B
要点3 On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains.那天，阿伦独自爬山时,一块重36千克的岩石掉下来压住了他的手臂。
(1)was caught是一般过去时的被动语态。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。常用的结构是“be＋动词的过去分词”。
如：English is spoken all over the world.全世界都说英语。(句子中的“英语”是被说)
(2)a 360 kilo rock意为“一块重360千克的岩石”。“360-kilo”相当于一个形容词。
如：a 7-day holiday　一个7天的假期
学有所用
(1)一段5分钟的步行 ___________________________________________
(2)一个8岁的男孩 _____________________________________________
(3)一张1米长的桌子 ___________________________________________
a five-minute walk
an eight-year-old boy
a one-meter-long table
要点4 But when his water ran out，he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
但是当他的水喝光了的时候，他知道他必须做些事情来挽救自己的生命。
(1)run out是不及物动词短语，意为“用尽，耗尽”，其后不能接宾语，其主语通常为表示时间、食物、金钱等的名词。
如：Our money is running out.我们的钱快用光了。
※拓展※
run out of意为“用尽，耗尽”，为及物动词短语，其主语通常是人，而其宾语通常为表示时间、食物、金钱等的名词。
如：Jimmy ran out of his money to buy a toy car.吉米花光了他的钱去买一台玩具车。
学有所用
①(　　)They ran out ________ food.
A．to B．of C．/ D．off
②(　　)The motor didn't work because the petrol ________.
A．ran out of B．ran out C．run out D．run out of
B
B
(2)He knew that he would have to do something to save his own life是宾语从句，作knew的宾语。
如：We don't know how he can work out the problem.
我们不知道他怎样才能解决这个难题。
Can you tell us where the nearest hospital is
你能告诉我们最近的医院在哪里吗？
(3)to save his own life是动词不定式作目的状语。own作形容词时，意为“自己的”；作动词时，意为“拥有”。
如：This is my own car. 这是我自己的汽车。
Bill Gates owns a big company. 比尔·盖茨拥有一家大公司。
要点5 After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 失去了手臂之后，他写了一本名为《生死两难》的书。
(1)a book called …意为“一本名叫……的书”。called 在这里是过去分词表示被动，与其后的成分一起作定语。
如：a boy called Tom　一个名叫汤姆的男孩
a book written by Jim　一本吉姆写的书
(2)between … and …意为“在……(两者)之间”。
如：I sit between Lucy and Li Lei. 我坐在露西和李雷之间。
要点6 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. 在这次事故之后阿伦并没有放弃，他如今仍坚持爬山。
(1)give up是固定搭配，意为“放弃”。
如：In any case he will not give it up. 无论如何他都不会放弃它。
学有所用
①(　　) — Diaoyu Island belongs to China.
— Sure it does! We Chinese will never ________ it up.
A．cut B．fix C．give D．set
②(　　)In the song, the rock band tells people never to ________ catching their dreams.
A．give up B. give out C．give in D．give off
(2)keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事； 坚持做某事”。
如：You'll fail the exams if you keep on playing computer games like that.
如果你继续像那样玩电脑游戏，你将会考试不及格。
C
A
要点7 易错词（短语）辨析
(1) because of和because
①because of为介词短语，意为“由于，因为”后面接名词或代词。如：
He was late for school yesterday because of the heavy rain.
由于大雨，他昨天上学迟到了。
②because为连词，意为“因为”表示直接的原因，后跟句子可用于回答why 提出的问题、引导表语从句和原因状语从句等。because 不可与so连用, 如：
I was late for school yesterday because I got up late.
我昨天上学迟到了，因为我起床晚了。
(2)fall down，fall off和fall over
这三个短语都有“摔倒，跌倒”的意思，但是它们各自的侧重点不同。
①fall down强调“滑倒，倒下”，后面接宾语时应加上介词from。
如：The boy fell down from the tree and hurt his leg.男孩从树上摔下来弄伤了他的腿。
②fall off强调“跌落，从……掉下来”，后面直接接宾语。
如：The leaves are falling off the tree.树叶正从树上掉下来。
③fall over强调“向前摔倒，跌倒”。
如：She fell over and cut her knee.她跌倒并把膝盖划破了。
学有所用
(1)(　　)Our English teacher was late for the meeting _________ the heavy traffic.
A．because of B．because C．so D．but
(2)(　　)Jack couldn't pass the exam _________ he was too lazy.
A．because of B．because C．so D．but
(3)(　　)The boy _________ from the tree to the ground.
A．fell down B．fell over C．fell off D．fall down
A
B
A
1.习惯于…… ______________________　 2.离开；从……出来 _____________________
3.用尽；耗尽 _____________________ 4.掌管；管理 ___________________________
5.冒险 ____________________________　 6.继续或坚持(做某事) ___________________
7.切除 ____________________________　 8.放弃 __________________________________
9.为了；以便 _____________________　 10.做决定 ______________________________
be used to
get out of
run out (of)
be in control of
take risks / take a risk
keep on (doing sth.)
cut off
give up
so that
make a decision
课后训练
基础夯实
一、短语翻译。
(　　)1.If you can be ________ this hard situation，you can ________ trouble one day.
A．in control of；get out of B．in control of；get into
C．give up；get out of D．keep on；get into
(　　)2.China is a large country ________ a long history.
A．without B．has C．have D．with
(　　)3.Every day，we have ________ food，so many of us lose health.
A．much too B．too many C．too much D．many too
(　　)4.It's cold，so we decided________ at home.
A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed
(　　)5.My brother said that he ________ all his money last week.
A．ran out of B．ran C．run out of D．ran out
A
D
C
B
A
二、单项选择。
1．She is not feeling well. She has a ____________ (head)．
2．When you ____________ (be) tired，you shouldn't go to the party.
3．I think it's important for us ____________ (sleep) eight hours a night.
4．Everybody ____________ (get) angry or happy sometimes.
5．It's ten o'clock. I should ____________ (take) the medicine and go to bed.
6．Doctors often tell us____________ (drink) more water every day.
7．We enjoyed ____________ (we) at the party last Saturday.
8．He left without ____________ (say) goodbye.
9．Help ____________ (you) to some fruit!
10．His friend Jenny gave him some ____________ (advice)．
headache
are
to sleep
gets
take
to drink
ourselves
saying
yourself /
yourselves
advice
能力提升
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
四、语法选择。
　Tom is very fat. He always eats a lot and doesn't do any sports. These days，he doesn't feel very __1__．After some of his friends told him to see a doctor many times，he __2__ made a decision to go to the hospital to have a full body check.
　The doctor examined every part of his body and said there was __3__ wrong with him. First，he had __4__ toothache，because he ate too much sweet food. Then，he would have a heart __5__ if he didn't lose weight.
　Tom was very afraid when he heard the doctor's words. He didn't want __6__．The doctor gave him some advice. For example，he __7__ do more exercise. What's more，he must be __8__ control of his diet. At last, the doctor asked him to eat vegetables every day and come back a week later.
　Several days later，Tom didn't feel any better __9__ even worse. So he went to see the doctor again. The doctor asked if he __10__ his advice.“Yes，doctor,” said Tom weakly.“I ate a lot of vegetables after every meal.”“Oh，my god!” the doctor said,“I mean you should eat vegetables only!”
(　　)1.A. worse B. well C. bad
(　　)2.A. finally B. final C. finals
(　　)3.A. everything B. anything C. something
(　　)4.A. a B. an C. the
(　　)5.A. problems B. problem's C. problem
(　　)6.A. die B. to die C. dying
(　　)7.A. will B. won't C. should
(　　)8.A. in B. on C. under
(　　)9.A. but B. and C. so
(　　)10.A. follow B. follows C. followed
B
A
C
A
C
B
C
A
A
C
leave when go with happen how hear police lie hit late get
五、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
Debbie got up early last Saturday morning. She wanted to (1) ________ skating in Green Park with some of her friends. She was very happy about it. When she was ready, she got on her bike and (2) ________ for the park which was on the other side of the town. Suddenly, as she was riding fast, she (3) ________ sirens (警笛). The sound of the sirens was (4) ________ closer and closer, so Debbie looked behind her to see what was (5) ________.
go
left
heard
getting
happening
Then she fell off her bike and (6) ________ in the middle of the road. Luckily, Debbie wasn’t hurt, but a car (7) ________ her bike. After the car stopped, two men got out and started running. Just then, a (8) ________ car arrived and three policemen got out and started running after the two men. One of the policemen shouted, “Stop the thieves!” Some time (9) ________ a policeman came to thank Debbie, because, in a way, she helped them catch the thieves. (10) ________ amazing it was!
leave when go with happen how hear police lie hit late get
lay
hit
police
later
How
六、读写综合。(本大题分为A、B两部分)
A．回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
　Do you know what is useful to stop a cold It is your body working against the virus (病毒) that makes you uncomfortable when getting a cold，but not the virus itself. So if you are strong and the virus is strong enough，too，you will feel terrible.
Vitamin C won't stop a cold
　It is said that Vitamin C helps you beat the cold. However，many tests have shown that it does not stop colds. It only helps you feel a little bit better.
Staying indoors won't protect you
　Cold viruses like to stay on your computer mouse or desk. A study found that 47% of the viruses indoors are on the desks，46% are on the computer mice，and 45% on telephones.
Wearing more clothes won't keep you away from colds
　Colds are more common in autumn and winter. That's because the cool，wet and cold weather drives people to stay indoors where viruses may more easily jump from one person to another. And the peak (高峰期) in colds is in September and early January，because students go back to schools after the summer and winter vacation.
Old grandma's chicken soup is right
　Grandma's chicken soup is a traditional way to help you get well. Scientists say it is true. The chicken soup does help to beat a cold. Many canned (罐装) soups are just efficient (有效的) as homemade ones.
1．What medicine won't stop a cold according to the passage
________________________________________________________________________
2．Where do 47% of the cold viruses indoors like to stay
________________________________________________________________________
3．When is the peak in colds
________________________________________________________________________
4．What is the traditional way to beat a cold
________________________________________________________________________
5．Is the virus that makes you feel uncomfortable when you catch
a cold
________________________________________________________________________
Vitamin C won't stop a cold.
They like to stay on the desks.
It is in September and early January.
Grandma's chicken soup is the traditional way to beat a cold.
No, it isn't.
B．书面表达
根据要求完成短文写作。
春季是流感(flu) 爆发的高峰期，发烧、头痛、咳嗽等都是流感的常见症状。假如你是学校医务室的医生，请结合以上的信息，写一篇英语短文告诉学生有关的注意事项。
写作内容：
1. 流感的症状。
2. 如果感染流感要如何护理？(至少两条建议)
3. 如何预防流感？(至少两条建议)
作文要求：
1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯，词数70左右。
参考范文：
Spring is the peak of the flu. If you have a fever，a headache or a cough，I am afraid you probably have the flu. Having the flu makes you sick，but you can do something to help yourself get better.
First，you should go to a doctor and have a good rest. Second，drinking some chicken soup will help you，too. If you don‘t want to have the flu easily, you should do more exercise to make yourself strong，and often wash your hands before eating.
　I hope all of you can be healthy.
谢 谢 观 看