(共82张PPT)
UNIT 2 Sports culture
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
拓展单词
1.__________vi.参加；参与 →____________ n.参加；参与→___________ n.参加者；
参与者
participate
participation
participant
2.________vi.参加比赛；竞争→__________ n.竞争者；敌手 →___________ adj.竞争
的→___________ n.竞争；比赛；竞赛
compete
competitor
competitive
competition
3._____adj.联合的；共同的n.关节；接合处→_______ adv.联合地；共同地
joint
jointly
4._________vt.激励；激发；成为……的动机；是……的原因→__________adj.有动机
的；有积极性的→__________n.动机；积极性；推动→____________adj.动机的；激发
性的
motivate
motivated
motivation
motivational
5.___________ vt.表现；表露； 证实；证明；示范；演示vi.游行示威
→_____________ n.论证；演示；游行；流露→_____________adj.感情外露的；露骨
的→_______________ adv.感情外露地→ ____________n.演示者；游行者
demonstrate
demonstration
demonstrative
demonstratively
demonstrator
6.________vi.接着做；继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进；前往→___________n.诉
讼；诉讼程序 →_________ n.收入；收益
proceed
proceeding
proceeds
7.__________adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的→___________ adv.一贯地
→___________ adj.反复无常的；多变的；不一致的→___________n.连贯性；一致性
consistent
consistently
inconsistent
consistency
8.______n.趋势；趋向→_______ adj.（赶）时髦的n.赶时髦的人→________ adv.时髦
地→__________ n.时髦
trend
trendy
trendily
trendiness
9._____ n.信心；宗教信仰→________adj.不忠诚的；无信仰的
faith
faithless
10._________n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；雄心；壮志→__________adj.有雄心的；雄
心勃勃的 →___________adv.雄心勃勃地
ambition
ambitious
ambitiously
11._____n.限度；限制；极限；限量；界限vt.限制；限定；限量；减量→_______adj.有
限的→_________n.限制；局限（性）→________adj.无限的
limit
limited
limitation
limitless
12._________adj.对抗的；相反的→________adj.反对的；对抗的→__________n.反对；
对抗
opposing
opposed
opposition
13._________ vi.& vt.抱怨；投诉→___________ n.抱怨者→____________adj. 抱怨的；
诉苦的→_____________ adv.抱怨地；诉苦地→__________n.抱怨；诉苦；疾病；委屈
complain
complainer
complaining
complainingly
complaint
14._______ n.谈论；言论→ ___________ adj.非凡的；显著的；引人注目的；奇异的
remark
remarkable
15.______adj. 种族的；种族间的→_____n.人种；种族；民族→______n.种族主义者
adj.种族主义的
racial
race
racist
构词规律
n. +-ial→adj. v. +-ant→n.
race→racial种族的；种族间的 office→official官方的； 正式的；公务的 benefit→beneficial有益的；有利的 memory→ memorial记忆的；纪念的 participate→participant参加者；参与者
assist→assistant助手
inhabit→inhabitant居民
account→accountant会计
1.______________聚集在一起
gather together
2.________________怀着……的希望
in the hope of...
3.___________参加……比赛
compete in
4._________________共同努力
make joint efforts
5.________________致力于；献身于
devote oneself to
6.____________产生；造成；生孩子
give birth to
7._____________除……之外（还有）
in addition to
8.in the spirit of friendship________________
本着友谊的精神
9.be allowed to participate____________
被允许参加
10.bring... back to life________________
让……重获新生
11.come to public attention______________
引起公众注意
12.at the opening ceremony____________
在开幕式上
1.It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.
（It+is/ was +被强调部分+who/that+其余部分）
翻译 是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
仿写 _________________________________________I first came across my new
neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候, 我第一次偶然遇到了我的新邻居们。
It was when I got back to my apartment that
2.His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and
from different cultures live side by side in peace.（that引导表语从句）
翻译 他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化背景的人们和平共处。
仿写 The problem was ______________________for everyday use.
问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
that it was too valuable
3.Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-
known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting
excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.（动词-ed形式作原因状
语）
翻译 在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在
体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
仿写 ______________________________________, Andy has a chance to become
famous.
因为在一部新电影中被提供了一个重要角色，安迪有机会成名了。
Offered an important role in a new movie
4.As if that were not enough, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal
in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. （as if 引导方式状语）
翻译 似乎这还不够, 在生下第一个孩子两年后,2016年她重返奥运会, 并获得一枚银牌。
仿写 She speaks English ______________________of New York.
她讲英语好像她是一位地道的纽约人。
as if she were a native
核心单词
知识点1 participate vi.参加；参与 ＊participant n.参加者；参与的人 ＊participation n.参与；分享
（P16）During the early Games, only Greek men were allowed to participate.
在早期的奥运会上,只有希腊男子才被允许参加比赛。
知识拓展
participate in 参加；参与
participate in social activities 参与社会活动
participate actively 积极地参加
public participation 公众参与
经典佳句
Learning that you're very interested in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese Speech Contest for foreign students.
得知你对汉语很感兴趣, 我写信邀请你参加外国学生汉语演讲比赛。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）All the ___________（participate） in the debate will have an opportunity to
speak.
participants
（2）Union leaders called for the active ____________（participate） of all members
on the day of protest.
participation
（3）I'll participate___ your suffering and joy.
in
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·湖南长郡中学月考）_______________________________ will be a
golden chance for me to show my sports skills and make some contributions to the
class.
参加100米赛跑对我来说是一次难得的机会来展示我的运动技能，并对班级做出贡献。
Participating in the 100-metre race
知识点2 compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 ＊competitor n.竞争者；敌手 ＊competition n.竞争；比赛；竞赛 ＊competitive adj.竞争的
（P16）They competed in such events as boxing, running and the long jump.
他们参加的比赛项目有拳击、赛跑和跳远等。
知识拓展
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 角逐；竞争；为……比赛
compete in 参加……比赛
compete to do sth 竞争做某事
图解释义
They compete against each other to see who's the fastest rider.
他们相互竞争，想看看谁才是最快的骑手。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）She and her sister are always competing____attention.
for
（2）The company must be able ___________（compete） in the international
marketplace.
to compete
（3）I had to compete___________19 other people for the job.
against/with
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·南京师大附中月考）Living in the fast-paced world, we are
________________________, so we must take advantage of every opportunity to
develop.
生活在快节奏的世界中，我们面临着更大的竞争，因此我们必须利用每一个机会来发展。
facing greater competition
知识点3 diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的 ＊diversity n.多样性；差异 ＊diversify v.使多样化；使变化；增加产品种类以扩大经营范围
（P16）For over a century, people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin's dream.
一个多世纪以来，来自不同背景的人们共同努力，帮助实现顾拜旦的梦想。
知识拓展
diverse from和……不同的；不一样
diverse cultures 多元文化；不同的文化
diverse forces 多种力量
diverse effects不同的影响
经典佳句
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
英语是几种不同的文化共有的语言，每种文化使用英语的方式不尽相同。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Davies has managed to _________________________in parallel with his fast-
moving career.
戴维斯在事业突飞猛进的同时追求多样化的兴趣爱好。
pursue his diverse interests
（2）Millennials are leading the push for____________________________.
千禧一代正在引领更多样化的饮食体验。
more diverse food experiences
知识点4 motivate vt.激励；激发；成为……的动机；是……的原因＊motivated adj.被激励的 ＊motivation n.动机；积极性；推动
（P16）Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
知识拓展
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be motivated by 被……所激励
achievement motivation 成就动机
motivation to learn 学习的动机
经典佳句
Encouragement from a teacher can always motivate students to do better.
老师的鼓励总是能激励学生做得更好。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）How do you motivate people ________（work） hard and efficiently
to work
（2）They _____________（motivate） by a need to achieve success.
are motivated
（3）He's intelligent enough but he lacks__________（motivate）.
motivation
知识点5 demonstrate vt.表现；表露；证实；证明；示范；演示 vi.游行示威 ＊demonstration n.论证；演示；游行；流露 ＊demonstrative adj.感情外露的
（P16）He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.
他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注,当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌,在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋和优秀的品性。
知识拓展
demonstrate that 证明……
demonstrate against 示威反对；抗议
demonstrate sb/sth to be sth 证明某人/某物是
demonstrate team spirit 发挥团队精神
demonstrate products 演示产品； 演示商品
It is demonstrated that... 它证明了……
demonstration lesson 演示课； 公开课； 表演课； 示范课
图解释义
This experiment demonstrates the chemical principle we discussed.
这个实验论证了我们讨论过的化学原理。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）His sudden departure _____________________________________.
他突然离去，这说明他是多么不可靠。
had demonstrated how unreliable he was
（2）___________________________ this drug is effective.
这药已被证实是有效的。
It has been demonstrated that
（3）At the meeting, he ________________________________ the people present
with a PPT.
在会上，他用PPT向在场的人展示了他的创意项目。
demonstrated his creative project to
知识点6 proceed vi.接着做；继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进；前往 ＊proceeding n.诉讼
（P17）Afterwards, this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964, and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali.
之后,这个年轻人接着在1964年赢得了世界重量级拳击锦标赛冠军,后来改名为我们熟知的那个名字——穆罕默德·阿里。
知识拓展
proceed with 继续进行
proceed to do sth 继续做某事
proceed to/towards/into 向前/进入
proceed against sb 起诉（某人）；对（某人）提起诉讼
proceed from sth 从……出发；由……引起；起因于；是……的结果
proceed with confidence 坚定信心
经典佳句
He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more detail.
他简单介绍了他的计划, 接着又进行了较详细的解释。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）We're not sure whether we still want to proceed_____the sale.
with
（2）His lectures always proceed______the close to the distant and from the
elementary to the profound.
from
知识点7 applaud vt.&vi.称赞；赞许；鼓掌 ＊applause n.欢呼；喝彩；掌声
（P17）Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.
另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。
知识拓展
applaud sb for sth 因某事为某人鼓掌
warmly applaud 热烈鼓掌
give sb applause for 因……而赞扬某人
a burst/ round/ storm of applause 一阵掌声；掌声雷动
thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声
图解释义
We start to applaud when Peter stands up to speak.
当彼得站起来说话的时候，我们开始鼓掌。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I applaud her____having the courage to refuse.
for
（2）He should _____________（applaud） for his courage．
be applauded
（3）They greeted him with thunderous_________（applaud）．
applause
知识点8 consistent adj.始终如一的；连续的；一致的 ＊consist vi.由……组成
（P17）In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
在一次采访中，她透露始终保持好的表现的秘诀是她从未停止训练。
知识拓展
be consistent with 和……一致
be consistent in （doing） sth 在（做）某事上始终如一
consist in 主要在于；存在于
consist with... 和……一致；并存；相符
consist of... 由……组成
经典佳句
Her dream of becoming a nurse remained consistent throughout her life.
在她的一生中，成为一名护士的愿望始终没有变。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）As we all know，life consists ___ not only hard times but also sunshine.
of
（2）As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist _____ his promises.
with
（3）The evidence is not __________ （consist） with what you said earlier.
consistent
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）If one's words______________________________, he would easily lose the trust
of others.
如果一个人言行不一致，那么他就会很容易失去别人的信任。
are not consistent with his deeds
（5）We have won because we____________________________all the challenges
ahead of us.
我们之所以会获胜是因为我们对未来所要面临的挑战始终如一。
have been consistent in facing
知识点9 rank vi.&vt.属于某等级；把……分等级；排列；使排成行 n.地位；级别；等级；排；列；军衔
（P17）In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time, China also ranked first in the medal table.
这是中国首次举办奥运会,并登顶奖牌榜。
知识拓展
rank of... ……的级别
rise to/be promoted to the rank of sth 晋升为……职位
in/within... ranks 在……级别之内
break ranks 解散队列；打破行规；溃散
rank as/among 位列
rank with/alongside 与……并列
be ranked fourth/number one 排名第四/第一
图解释义
Through hard work, he was eventually ranked number one in the final exam.
通过努力学习，他最终在期末考试中名列第一。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）During the war, Harold had risen to the rank ___ major.
of
（2）Today's match ______（rank） as one of the most exciting games that these
two have ever played.
ranks
（3）It is not always easy ________（rank） the students in order of ability.
to rank
知识点10 faith n.信心；信仰 ＊faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的；如实的；准确可靠的 ＊faithless adj.不忠诚的；不可信任的
（P17）As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所坚信的：“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都在庆祝它的到来,庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦,庆祝它对未来的信念,庆祝它的雄心壮志和它向上的意志。”
知识拓展
have faith （in sb/sth） 信任（某人/某物）
in good/bad faith 真心实意地/欺诈地
shake sb's faith 动摇某人的信心
lose faith （in sb/sth） （对某人/某物）失去信心
destroy/restore sb's faith （in sb/sth） 破坏/恢复某人（对某人/某物）的信任
break faith with sb/sth 背弃； 背信；不守信
keep faith with sb/sth 恪守对某人/某物的信任
经典佳句
My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.
我对人性的信念从未像上周末我们一家在韦尔镇的聚会后那样强烈。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The public has ____________（失去信心） the government．
lost faith in
（2）We printed the report _____________（好心地） but have now learnt that it
was incorrect．
in good faith
（3）You cannot expect your friends to trust you if you
_________________________（对他们不守信义）.
don't keep faith with them
知识点11 ambition n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；雄心；壮志 ＊ambitious adj.野心勃勃的；有雄心的 ＊ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地
（P17）As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所坚信的：“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都在庆祝它的到来,庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦,庆祝它对未来的信念,庆祝它的雄心壮志和它向上的意志。”
知识拓展
achieve/fulfill one's ambition 实现某人的夙愿；实现某人的理想
political/ literary/ sporting ambition 政治抱负/文学夙愿/运动目标
lifelong ambition 终身追求的目标
be ambitious for 对……野心勃勃
经典佳句
She was a very well-educated girl with a lively mind, a girl with ambition.
她是一个非常有教养、头脑活跃、有抱负的女孩。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Originally, I ___________（ambitious）thought I'd make it a site to collect all
of these tips together.
ambitiously
（2）Firstly,_________（ambitious）plays an essential role because it serves as a
driving force for people to achieve success.
ambition
短语句式
知识点12 die out 灭绝；（习俗、习惯等）逐渐消失
（P16）The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries, until they eventually died out around the year 393.
古代奥林匹克运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举行一次，持续了近12个世纪，直到393年左右才最终停止举办。
知识拓展
die away （声音或感情等）慢慢变弱；逐渐消失
die down （风或噪音等）渐弱； 逐渐平息
die off （家族、种族等）相继死亡
die of... 死于（疾病等内因）……
die from... 死于（外因）……
die for... 为……而死
be dying for 很想要； 渴望
图解释义
No one can explain why dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.
没有人能解释为什么恐龙在大约6500万年前突然灭绝。
融会应用 用die的相关短语的适当形式填空
（1）As the sound of the music__________ the film came to an end.
died away
（2）With more and more birds__________, one day some species will disappear
completely.
dying off
（3）Although the wind ___________ completely, the air was still as cold as before.
died down
（4）My feet are killing me and I_____________a cup of tea.
am dying for
（5）It's reported that thousands of people _________illegal driving each year.
die from
知识点13 call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
（P17）The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World, One Dream”.
2008年北京奥运会的口号是“同一个世界,同一个梦想”,号召全世界一起弘扬奥林匹克精神,为人类建设更加美好的未来。
知识拓展
give me a call 给我打电话
call upon/on 号召；要求；拜访
call up 打电话给；召集；使想起；提出
call at 拜访；访问；停靠（车站）
call for 需要；要求
call off 取消
图解释义
The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day.
教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。
名师点拨
与“打电话”有关的短语:ring up给……打电话； ring/call back回复电话； ring off挂断电话； give sb a ring/call给某人打电话； hang/hold on 不挂断电话。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）One of Kenya's leading churchmen has called ____ the government to resign.
on
（2）The game was called____ because of bad weather.
off
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）We should figure out some ways to stop people from polluting the river and
____________________________________.
我们应该想办法阻止人们污染河流，并呼吁人们与污染作斗争。
call on people to fight against pollution
（4）Some of the magic tricks _____________________________.
有些魔术要求观众参与。
called for audience participation
知识点14 强调句型
（P16）It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德· 顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
知识拓展
句中it was... who... 是强调句型。
（1）强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
（2）如果句中含有“not... until...”, 在强调时间状语时, 将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
（3）强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前； 特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。
名师点拨
do/does/did强调句型: do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调, 且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句写作（使用强调句型）
（1）________________ made his parents so happy
是什么使他的父母这么高兴
What was it that
（2）_________________________ the British friends are coming for.
英国朋友们是为中国文化而来。
It's the Chinese culture that
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）With your generous help I adapted to college life quickly. （强调黑体部分）
→_______________________________ I adapted to college life quickly.
It is with your generous help that
知识点15 that引导表语从句
（P16）His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.
他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化背景的人们和平共处。
知识拓展
本句中含有一个由that引导的表语从句。表语从句由that引导时,that本身没有词义,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,通常不省略。
表语从句位于系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。
引导表语从句的词有以下几类：
（1）连词: that、whether、as though、as if、because等；
（2）连接代词: who、what、which、whom、whose、whatever、whoever、whomever、whichever等；
（3）连接副词: when、where、why、how、however、whenever、wherever等。
名师点拨
注意:that引导表语从句时,主句的主语常常是一些抽象名词,如question、trouble、problem、result、chance、suggestion、idea、reason等。
当名词主语是表示建议、命令、要求等含义的词（如advice、order、idea、proposal、suggestion、request等）时,其表语从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的形式,should可以省略。
His advice is that we （should） leave for Shanghai before dawn.
他的建议是我们黎明前动身去上海。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The king's order was that all of the author's published and unpublished works
______________（be） burned.
（should） be
（2）The trouble is _____I have lost his address.
that
（3）It seems_____we should answer for this.
that
（4）The key question was________ they would stand aside or disrupt the elections.
whether
知识点16 动词-ed形式短语作原因状语
（P16）Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
知识拓展
句中Motivated by...为动词-ed形式短语作原因状语。动词-ed形式短语在句首可以用作条件状语、伴随状语、时间状语、让步状语和原因状语。其中动词-ed 形式短语作条件状语和伴随状语时只有一般体,即只用done的形式；而动词-ed形式短语作时间状语、让步状语和原因状语时可能有一般体和完成体两种形式,即done的形式和having been done的形式。
Having been refused repeatedly, I lack confidence now.
由于一次又一次地被拒绝,我现在都没有自信了。
Ignored by her family, the little girl has very few words.
由于一直被家人冷落,这个小姑娘话很少。
The film star got off the train, surrounded by her fans.
那位电影明星走下火车, 被她的粉丝团团围住。
Having been discussed many times, the plan was carried out at last.
在讨论了许多次之后, 这个计划最终被执行了。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）__________（frighten） by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare to sleep
in her room.
Frightened
（2）___________（encourage） by the teacher, the girl was very happy.
Encouraged
（3）_________（satisfy） with what the boy did, the teacher praised him in class.
Satisfied
知识点17 状语从句的省略
（P17）Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
中国的另一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年当选冬季奥运会主办城市后，成功举办了2022年冬季奥运会。
知识拓展
句中的 after winning the election in 2015为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为after Beijing won the election in 2015。
（1）状语从句省略的条件
①状语从句的主语与主句的主语是同一个或从句的主语是it。如果从句有自己的主语还要进行省略，那就是“独立主格”的内容，而不是“状语从句的省略”的内容。
②从句谓语中包含be 动词， 如be doing、 be done、be to do、be+adj.。
I will buy a TV set if （it is） necessary.
如果有必要，我会买台电视机的。
While （I was） walking alone in the street， I heard my name called.
当我在街上独自行走时，我听到有人叫我的名字。
（2）状语从句省略的步骤
①将状语从句的主语去掉。前提是，主句和从句必须是同一个主语或从句的主语是it，否则不能省略。
②状语从句的谓语动词如果是主动语态，则改成doing；如果是被动语态，则去掉系动词，留下done。于是就形成了现在分词或动词-ed形式作状语的结构。doing在这里是现在分词，不是动名词。
When （the museum is） completed， the museum will be open to the public.
博物馆建成时会向公众开放。
融会应用 翻译句子
（1）他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
___________________________________________________
As （he was） young， he learned how to ride a bike.
（2）尽管近来他一直在努力学数学，但他仍然没有取得好成绩。
___________________________________________________________________________
_____
Although （he is） doing his best in maths these days， he has still got no good marks.
（3）她看上去很焦急，好像遇到了麻烦。
___________________________________________________
She looked anxious as though （she was） in trouble．
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The study also____________ （demonstrate）a direct link between obesity and
mortality．
demonstrated
2.Their development had __________（proceed） steadily since the war.
proceeded
3.This last move can only be__________（applaud）.
applauded
4._______ （rank） of police in riot gear stood nervously by.
Ranks
5.He will be __________（compete）in the 100-metre race this weekend．
competing
6.I used to wear _______（trend）gear but it just looked ridiculous．
trendy
7.Their____________（participate） is subject to a number of important provisos（限
制条款）．
participation
8.The culture has _______________（diversify） with the arrival of immigrants．
been diversified
9.After much discussion， we came to a __________（conclude） satisfactory to all.
conclusion
10.He wants to make sure that schools are committed to _________（provide）
alternative education.
providing
Ⅱ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing 1._____ happened in my restaurant
today. This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody
knew 2._____ he was. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a
very limited amount of time. We wondered 3._____ he was so hungry. We doubted
4.__________ the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5.__________
we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see
6._____ he took out of an envelope—a million pound banknote.
I asked Mr Clements 7.__________ it was genuine. Mr Clements said it was true
because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He
thought 8.______ the gentleman showed us couldn't be a fake.
that
who
why
if/whether
if/whether
that
if/whether
what
The scene 9._____ a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in
our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn't
describe 10._____ excited I was.
that
how
单句填空
1.（2022·浙江1月）But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea—pushing
conferences to provide more chances _____________（participate） remotely...
to participate
2.（2022·新高考Ⅰ）With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as
there is a subtle （微妙） ___________ （compete）.
competition
3.（2021·新高考Ⅰ）Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost
everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test,
such as character, __________（motivate）, confidence, mental stability, optimism and
“people skills”.
motivation
4.（2021·新高考Ⅱ）We will be holding a free taster session on 23rd May,at 10 am,
______________（demonstrate） the variety of effective and active exercises.
to demonstrate
5.（2021·新高考Ⅰ）Millions of waterfowl （水禽） were killed at the hands of
market hunters and a handful of overly __________（ambition） sportsmen.
ambitiousUnit 2 Section Ⅱ Learning about language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
拓展单词
1. vi.参加;参与 → n.参加;参与→ n.参加者;参与者
2. vi.参加比赛;竞争→ n.竞争者;敌手 → adj.竞争的→ n.竞争;比赛;竞赛
3. adj.联合的;共同的n.关节;接合处→ adv.联合地;共同地
4. vt.激励;激发;成为……的动机;是……的原因→ adj.有动机的;有积极性的→ n.动机;积极性;推动→ adj.动机的;激发性的
5. vt.表现;表露; 证实;证明;示范;演示vi.游行示威→ n.论证;演示;游行;流露→ adj.感情外露的;露骨的→ adv.感情外露地→ n.演示者;游行者
6. vi.接着做;继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进;前往→ n.诉讼;诉讼程序 → n.收入;收益
7. adj.一致的;始终如一的;连续的→ adv.一贯地→ adj.反复无常的;多变的;不一致的→ n.连贯性;一致性
8. n.趋势;趋向→ adj.(赶)时髦的n.赶时髦的人→ adv.时髦地→ n.时髦
9. n.信心;宗教信仰→ adj.不忠诚的;无信仰的
10. n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;雄心;壮志→ adj.有雄心的;雄心勃勃的 → adv.雄心勃勃地
11. n.限度;限制;极限;限量;界限vt.限制;限定;限量;减量→ adj.有限的→ n.限制;局限(性)→ adj.无限的
12. adj.对抗的;相反的→ adj.反对的;对抗的→ n.反对;对抗
13. vi.& vt.抱怨;投诉→ n.抱怨者→ adj. 抱怨的;诉苦的→ adv.抱怨地;诉苦地→ n.抱怨;诉苦;疾病;委屈
14. n.谈论;言论→ adj.非凡的;显著的;引人注目的;奇异的
15. adj. 种族的;种族间的→ n.人种;种族;民族→ n.种族主义者 adj.种族主义的
答案 1.participate; participation; participant
2.compete; competitor; competitive; competition
3.joint; jointly 4.motivate; motivated; motivation; motivational 5.demonstrate; demonstration; demonstrative; demonstratively; demonstrator
6.proceed; proceeding; proceeds 7.consistent; consistently; inconsistent; consistency 8.trend; trendy; trendily; trendiness 9.faith; faithless 10.ambition; ambitious; ambitiously 11.limit; limited; limitation; limitless 12.opposing; opposed; opposition plain; complainer; complaining; complainingly; complaint 14.remark; remarkable
15.racial; race; racist
构词规律
n. +-ial→adj. v. +-ant→n.
race→racial种族的;种族间的 office→official官方的; 正式的;公务的 benefit→beneficial有益的;有利的 memory→ memorial记忆的;纪念的 participate→participant参加者;参与者 assist→assistant助手 inhabit→inhabitant居民 account→accountant会计
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 聚集在一起
2. 怀着……的希望
3. 参加……比赛
4. 共同努力
5. 致力于;献身于
6. 产生;造成;生孩子
7. 除……之外(还有)
8.in the spirit of friendship
9.be allowed to participate
10.bring... back to life
11.come to public attention
12.at the opening ceremony
答案 1.gather together 2.in the hope of...
3.compete in 4.make joint efforts 5.devote oneself to 6.give birth to 7.in addition to 8.本着友谊的精神 9.被允许参加 10.让……重获新生 11.引起公众注意 12.在开幕式上
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. (It+is/ was +被强调部分+who/that+其余部分)
翻译 是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
仿写 I first came across my new neighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候, 我第一次偶然遇到了我的新邻居们。
2.His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.(that引导表语从句)
翻译 他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化背景的人们和平共处。
仿写 The problem was for everyday use.
问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
3.Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.(动词-ed形式作原因状语)
翻译 在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。
仿写 , Andy has a chance to become famous.
因为在一部新电影中被提供了一个重要角色,安迪有机会成名了。
4.As if that were not enough, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. (as if 引导方式状语)
翻译 似乎这还不够, 在生下第一个孩子两年后,2016年她重返奥运会, 并获得一枚银牌。
仿写 She speaks English of New York.
她讲英语好像她是一位地道的纽约人。
答案 1.It was when I got back to my apartment that 2.that it was too valuable 3.Offered an important role in a new movie 4.as if she were a native
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
(仅供教师参考)
The Olympic Games
Every four years, thousands of highly trained and talented athletes gather together in the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair play, ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best. This is the Olympics—an extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated about 3,000 years ago(1).
奥林匹克运动会
每隔四年,成千上万训练有素、极具天赋的运动员本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神聚集在一起,准备挑战彼此的能力,希望成为世界公认的精英中的精英。这就是奥林匹克运动会——一项非凡的体育赛事,首次举办于大约3000年前。
【助读点拨】
(1)此处是that引导的限制性定语从句。
History of the Olympic Games
The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE. During the early Games, only Greek men were allowed to participate. They competed in such events as boxing, running and the long jump. The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries, until they eventually died out around the year 393.
More than 1,500 years later, however, the Games rose again. The modern Olympics were first held in 1896, in Athens. It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace(2). For over a century, people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin's dream.
奥运会历史
首届古代奥林匹克运动会于公元前776年举办。在早期的奥运会上,只有希腊男子才被允许参加比赛。他们参加的比赛项目有拳击、赛跑和跳远等。古代奥林匹克运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举行一次,持续了近12个世纪,直到393年左右才最终停止举办。
但是1500多年后,奥运会再次兴起。首届现代奥运会于1896年在雅典举行。是一位叫皮埃尔·德· 顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化背景的人们和平共处。一个多世纪以来,来自不同背景的人们共同努力,帮助实现顾拜旦的梦想。
【助读点拨】
(2)此处是that引导的表语从句。
Achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement
Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”(3), many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay. He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won
实现卓越运动,突破人类成就的边界
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一位奥运选手。他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注,当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌,在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋和优秀
the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. Afterwards, this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964, and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali. He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony. By the time he died in 2016, Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time.
Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill. Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence(4). A former track and field athlete from the UK, she won an Olympic gold medal in her home country in 2012. As if that were not enough, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
的品性。之后,这个年轻人接着在1964年赢得了世界重量级拳击锦标赛冠军,后来改名为我们熟知的那个名字——穆罕默德·阿里。他重返1996 年亚特兰大奥运会,在开幕式上点燃奥运圣火。到2016年去世时,阿里一直被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。
另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。她的故事很好地例证了在一项运动中努力和投入可以让你出类拔萃。她曾是英国的田径运动员,并于2012年在祖国赢得了一枚奥运会金牌。似乎这还不够,在生下第一个孩子两年后,2016年她重返奥运会,并获得一枚银牌。在一次采访中,她透露始终保持好的表现的秘诀是她从未停止训练。
【助读点拨】
(3)此处是动词-ed形式短语作状语,表示原因。
(4)此处是how引导的宾语从句,作介词of的宾语。
The unstoppable upward trend for Chinese sport
The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World, One Dream”. In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time, China also ranked first in the medal table. This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before, at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, Xu Haifeng won our country's first-ever gold medal. Since then the upward trend for Chinese sport has been unstoppable. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men's 110-metre hurdles, while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the Chinese women's volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final(5). Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
中国体育的不可阻挡的上升趋势
2008年北京奥运会的口号是“同一个世界,同一个梦想”,号召全世界一起弘扬奥林匹克精神,为人类建设更美好的未来。这是中国首次举办奥运会,并登顶奖牌榜。想想24年前的1984年洛杉矶奥运会,许海峰为中国赢得了第一枚金牌,那么这种成功就真的是非同寻常了。从那以后,中国体育的上升趋势就一直势不可挡。在2004年雅典奥运会上,刘翔成为第一个获得男子110米跨栏金牌的亚洲人,而在2016年里约热内卢奥运会上,中国女子排球队在决赛中艰难地取得了胜利。中国的另一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年当选冬季奥运会主办城市后,成功举办了2022年冬季奥运会。 The Olympic Games bring joy and excitement to people across the world. As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”
奥林匹克运动会给全世界人民带来欢乐和兴奋。正如顾拜旦所坚信的:“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都在庆祝它的到来,庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦,庆祝它对未来的信念,庆祝它的雄心壮志和它向上的意志。”
【助读点拨】
(5)此处while是并列连词,引导并列句,意为“然而”。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 participate vi.参加;参与 *participant n.参加者;参与的人 *participation n.参与;分享
(P16)During the early Games, only Greek men were allowed to participate.
在早期的奥运会上,只有希腊男子才被允许参加比赛。
知识拓展
participate in 参加;参与
participate in social activities 参与社会活动
participate actively 积极地参加
public participation 公众参与
经典佳句
Learning that you're very interested in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese Speech Contest for foreign students.
得知你对汉语很感兴趣, 我写信邀请你参加外国学生汉语演讲比赛。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)All the (participate) in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.
(2)Union leaders called for the active (participate) of all members on the day of protest.
(3)I'll participate your suffering and joy.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·湖南长郡中学月考) will be a golden chance for me to show my sports skills and make some contributions to the class.
参加100米赛跑对我来说是一次难得的机会来展示我的运动技能,并对班级做出贡献。
答案 (1)participants (2)participation (3)in (4)Participating in the 100-metre race
知识点2 compete vi.参加比赛;竞争 *competitor n.竞争者;敌手 *competition n.竞争;比赛;竞赛 *competitive adj.竞争的
(P16)They competed in such events as boxing, running and the long jump.
他们参加的比赛项目有拳击、赛跑和跳远等。
知识拓展
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for 角逐;竞争;为……比赛
compete in 参加……比赛
compete to do sth 竞争做某事
图解释义
They compete against each other to see who's the fastest rider.
他们相互竞争,想看看谁才是最快的骑手。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)She and her sister are always competing attention.
(2)The company must be able (compete) in the international marketplace.
(3)I had to compete 19 other people for the job.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·南京师大附中月考)Living in the fast-paced world, we are , so we must take advantage of every opportunity to develop.
生活在快节奏的世界中,我们面临着更大的竞争,因此我们必须利用每一个机会来发展。
答案 (1)for (2)to compete (3)against/with (4)facing greater competition
知识点3 diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的 *diversity n.多样性;差异 *diversify v.使多样化;使变化;增加产品种类以扩大经营范围
(P16)For over a century, people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin's dream.
一个多世纪以来,来自不同背景的人们共同努力,帮助实现顾拜旦的梦想。
知识拓展
diverse from和……不同的;不一样
diverse cultures 多元文化;不同的文化
diverse forces 多种力量
diverse effects不同的影响
经典佳句
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
英语是几种不同的文化共有的语言,每种文化使用英语的方式不尽相同。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Davies has managed to in parallel with his fast-moving career.
戴维斯在事业突飞猛进的同时追求多样化的兴趣爱好。
(2)Millennials are leading the push for .
千禧一代正在引领更多样化的饮食体验。
答案 (1)pursue his diverse interests (2)more diverse food experiences
知识点4 motivate vt.激励;激发;成为……的动机;是……的原因 *motivated adj.被激励的 *motivation n.动机;积极性;推动
(P16)Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。
知识拓展
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be motivated by 被……所激励
achievement motivation 成就动机
motivation to learn 学习的动机
经典佳句
Encouragement from a teacher can always motivate students to do better.
老师的鼓励总是能激励学生做得更好。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)How do you motivate people (work) hard and efficiently
(2)They (motivate) by a need to achieve success.
(3)He's intelligent enough but he lacks (motivate).
答案 (1)to work (2)are motivated (3)motivation
知识点5 demonstrate vt.表现;表露;证实;证明;示范;演示 vi.游行示威 *demonstration n.论证;演示;游行;流露 *demonstrative adj.感情外露的
(P16)He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.
他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注,当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌,在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋和优秀的品性。
知识拓展
demonstrate that 证明……
demonstrate against 示威反对;抗议
demonstrate sb/sth to be sth 证明某人/某物是
demonstrate team spirit 发挥团队精神
demonstrate products 演示产品; 演示商品
It is demonstrated that... 它证明了……
demonstration lesson 演示课; 公开课; 表演课; 示范课
图解释义
This experiment demonstrates the chemical principle we discussed.
这个实验论证了我们讨论过的化学原理。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)His sudden departure .
他突然离去,这说明他是多么不可靠。
(2) this drug is effective.
这药已被证实是有效的。
(3)At the meeting, he the people present with a PPT.
在会上,他用PPT向在场的人展示了他的创意项目。
答案 (1)had demonstrated how unreliable he was
(2)It has been demonstrated that (3)demonstrated his creative project to
知识点6 proceed vi.接着做;继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进;前往 *proceeding n.诉讼
(P17)Afterwards, this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964, and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali.
之后,这个年轻人接着在1964年赢得了世界重量级拳击锦标赛冠军,后来改名为我们熟知的那个名字——穆罕默德·阿里。
知识拓展
proceed with 继续进行
proceed to do sth 继续做某事
proceed to/towards/into 向前/进入
proceed against sb 起诉(某人);对(某人)提起诉讼
proceed from sth 从……出发;由……引起;起因于;是……的结果
proceed with confidence 坚定信心
经典佳句
He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more detail.
他简单介绍了他的计划, 接着又进行了较详细的解释。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)We're not sure whether we still want to proceed the sale.
(2)His lectures always proceed the close to the distant and from the elementary to the profound.
答案 (1)with (2)from
知识点7 applaud vt.&vi.称赞;赞许;鼓掌 *applause n.欢呼;喝彩;掌声
(P17)Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.
另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。
知识拓展
applaud sb for sth 因某事为某人鼓掌
warmly applaud 热烈鼓掌
give sb applause for 因……而赞扬某人
a burst/ round/ storm of applause 一阵掌声;掌声雷动
thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声
图解释义
We start to applaud when Peter stands up to speak.
当彼得站起来说话的时候,我们开始鼓掌。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I applaud her having the courage to refuse.
(2)He should (applaud) for his courage.
(3)They greeted him with thunderous (applaud).
答案 (1)for (2)be applauded (3)applause
知识点8 consistent adj.始终如一的;连续的;一致的 *consist vi.由……组成
(P17)In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
在一次采访中,她透露始终保持好的表现的秘诀是她从未停止训练。
知识拓展
be consistent with 和……一致
be consistent in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上始终如一
consist in 主要在于;存在于
consist with... 和……一致;并存;相符
consist of... 由……组成
经典佳句
Her dream of becoming a nurse remained consistent throughout her life.
在她的一生中,成为一名护士的愿望始终没有变。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)As we all know,life consists not only hard times but also sunshine.
(2)As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist his promises.
(3)The evidence is not (consist) with what you said earlier.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)If one's words , he would easily lose the trust of others.
如果一个人言行不一致,那么他就会很容易失去别人的信任。
(5)We have won because we all the challenges ahead of us.
我们之所以会获胜是因为我们对未来所要面临的挑战始终如一。
答案 (1)of (2)with (3)consistent (4) are not consistent with his deeds (5)have been consistent in facing
知识点9 rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级;把……分等级;排列;使排成行 n. 地位;级别;等级;排;列;军衔
(P17)In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time, China also ranked first in the medal table.
这是中国首次举办奥运会,并登顶奖牌榜。
知识拓展
rank of... ……的级别
rise to/be promoted to the rank of sth 晋升为……职位
in/within... ranks 在……级别之内
break ranks 解散队列;打破行规;溃散
rank as/among 位列
rank with/alongside 与……并列
be ranked fourth/number one 排名第四/第一
图解释义
Through hard work, he was eventually ranked number one in the final exam.
通过努力学习,他最终在期末考试中名列第一。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)During the war, Harold had risen to the rank major.
(2)Today's match (rank) as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played.
(3)It is not always easy (rank) the students in order of ability.
答案 (1)of (2)ranks (3)to rank
知识点10 faith n.信心;信仰 *faithful adj.忠实的;忠诚的;如实的;准确可靠的 *faithless adj.不忠诚的;不可信任的
(P17)As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所坚信的:“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都在庆祝它的到来,庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦,庆祝它对未来的信念,庆祝它的雄心壮志和它向上的意志。”
知识拓展
have faith (in sb/sth) 信任(某人/某物)
in good/bad faith 真心实意地/欺诈地
shake sb's faith 动摇某人的信心
lose faith (in sb/sth) (对某人/某物)失去信心
destroy/restore sb's faith (in sb/sth) 破坏/恢复某人(对某人/某物)的信任
break faith with sb/sth 背弃; 背信;不守信
keep faith with sb/sth 恪守对某人/某物的信任
经典佳句
My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.
我对人性的信念从未像上周末我们一家在韦尔镇的聚会后那样强烈。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The public has (失去信心) the government.
(2)We printed the report (好心地) but have now learnt that it was incorrect.
(3)You cannot expect your friends to trust you if you (对他们不守信义).
答案 (1)lost faith in (2)in good faith (3)don't keep faith with them
知识点11 ambition n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;雄心;壮志 *ambitious adj.野心勃勃的;有雄心的 *ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地;劲头十足地
(P17)As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所坚信的:“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都在庆祝它的到来,庆祝它给生活带来的喜悦,庆祝它对未来的信念,庆祝它的雄心壮志和它向上的意志。”
知识拓展
achieve/fulfill one's ambition 实现某人的夙愿;实现某人的理想
political/ literary/ sporting ambition 政治抱负/文学夙愿/运动目标
lifelong ambition 终身追求的目标
be ambitious for 对……野心勃勃
经典佳句
She was a very well-educated girl with a lively mind, a girl with ambition.
她是一个非常有教养、头脑活跃、有抱负的女孩。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Originally, I (ambitious)thought I'd make it a site to collect all of these tips together.
(2)Firstly, (ambitious)plays an essential role because it serves as a driving force for people to achieve success.
答案 (1)ambitiously (2)ambition
短 语 句 式
知识点12 die out灭绝;(习俗、习惯等)逐渐消失
(P16)The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries, until they eventually died out around the year 393.
古代奥林匹克运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举行一次,持续了近12个世纪,直到393年左右才最终停止举办。
知识拓展
die away (声音或感情等)慢慢变弱;逐渐消失
die down (风或噪音等)渐弱; 逐渐平息
die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡
die of... 死于(疾病等内因)……
die from... 死于(外因)……
die for... 为……而死
be dying for 很想要; 渴望
图解释义
No one can explain why dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.
没有人能解释为什么恐龙在大约6500万年前突然灭绝。
融会应用
用die的相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)As the sound of the music the film came to an end.
(2)With more and more birds , one day some species will disappear completely.
(3)Although the wind completely, the air was still as cold as before.
(4)My feet are killing me and I a cup of tea.
(5)It's reported that thousands of people illegal driving each year.
答案 (1)died away (2)dying off (3)died down (4)am dying for (5)die from
知识点13 call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事
(P17)The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World, One Dream”.
2008年北京奥运会的口号是“同一个世界,同一个梦想”,号召全世界一起弘扬奥林匹克精神,为人类建设更加美好的未来。
知识拓展
give me a call 给我打电话
call upon/on 号召;要求;拜访
call up 打电话给;召集;使想起;提出
call at 拜访;访问;停靠(车站)
call for 需要;要求
call off 取消
图解释义
The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day.
教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。
名师点拨
与“打电话”有关的短语:ring up给……打电话; ring/call back回复电话; ring off挂断电话; give sb a ring/call给某人打电话; hang/hold on 不挂断电话。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)One of Kenya's leading churchmen has called the government to resign.
(2)The game was called because of bad weather.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)We should figure out some ways to stop people from polluting the river and .
我们应该想办法阻止人们污染河流,并呼吁人们与污染作斗争。
(4)Some of the magic tricks .
有些魔术要求观众参与。
答案 (1)on (2)off (3)call on people to fight against pollution (4)called for audience participation
知识点14 强调句型
(P16)It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德· 顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
知识拓展
句中it was... who... 是强调句型。
(1)强调句型的基本构成是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
(2)如果句中含有“not... until...”, 在强调时间状语时, 将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
(3)强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前; 特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。
名师点拨
do/does/did强调句型: do/does/did只能对谓语进行强调, 且只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句写作(使用强调句型)
(1) made his parents so happy
是什么使他的父母这么高兴
(2) the British friends are coming for.
英国朋友们是为中国文化而来。
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)With your generous help I adapted to college life quickly. (强调黑体部分)
→ I adapted to college life quickly.
答案 (1)What was it that (2) It's the Chinese culture that (3)It is with your generous help that
知识点15 that引导表语从句
(P16)His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.
他的梦想是奥运会能够帮助不同种族、不同文化背景的人们和平共处。
知识拓展
本句中含有一个由that引导的表语从句。表语从句由that引导时,that本身没有词义,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,通常不省略。
表语从句位于系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。
引导表语从句的词有以下几类:
(1)连词: that、whether、as though、as if、because等;
(2)连接代词: who、what、which、whom、whose、whatever、whoever、whomever、whichever等;
(3)连接副词: when、where、why、how、however、whenever、wherever等。
名师点拨
注意:that引导表语从句时,主句的主语常常是一些抽象名词,如question、trouble、problem、result、chance、suggestion、idea、reason等。
当名词主语是表示建议、命令、要求等含义的词(如advice、order、idea、proposal、suggestion、request等)时,其表语从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的形式,should可以省略。
His advice is that we (should) leave for Shanghai before dawn.
他的建议是我们黎明前动身去上海。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The king's order was that all of the author's published and unpublished works (be) burned.
(2)The trouble is I have lost his address.
(3)It seems we should answer for this.
(4)The key question was they would stand aside or disrupt the elections.
答案 (1)(should) be (2)that (3)that (4)whether
知识点16 动词-ed形式短语作原因状语
(P16)Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。
知识拓展
句中Motivated by...为动词-ed形式短语作原因状语。动词-ed形式短语在句首可以用作条件状语、伴随状语、时间状语、让步状语和原因状语。其中动词-ed 形式短语作条件状语和伴随状语时只有一般体,即只用done的形式;而动词-ed形式短语作时间状语、让步状语和原因状语时可能有一般体和完成体两种形式,即done的形式和having been done的形式。
Having been refused repeatedly, I lack confidence now.
由于一次又一次地被拒绝,我现在都没有自信了。
Ignored by her family, the little girl has very few words.
由于一直被家人冷落,这个小姑娘话很少。
The film star got off the train, surrounded by her fans.
那位电影明星走下火车, 被她的粉丝团团围住。
Having been discussed many times, the plan was carried out at last.
在讨论了许多次之后, 这个计划最终被执行了。
融会应用
单句填空
(1) (frighten) by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare to sleep in her room.
(2) (encourage) by the teacher, the girl was very happy.
(3) (satisfy) with what the boy did, the teacher praised him in class.
答案 (1)Frightened (2)Encouraged (3)Satisfied
知识点17 状语从句的省略
(P17)Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
中国的另一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年当选冬季奥运会主办城市后,成功举办了2022年冬季奥运会。
知识拓展
句中的 after winning the election in 2015为状语从句的省略,其完整形式为after Beijing won the election in 2015。
(1)状语从句省略的条件
①状语从句的主语与主句的主语是同一个或从句的主语是it。如果从句有自己的主语还要进行省略,那就是“独立主格”的内容,而不是“状语从句的省略”的内容。
②从句谓语中包含be 动词, 如be doing、 be done、be to do、be+adj.。
I will buy a TV set if (it is) necessary.
如果有必要,我会买台电视机的。
While (I was) walking alone in the street, I heard my name called.
当我在街上独自行走时,我听到有人叫我的名字。
(2)状语从句省略的步骤
①将状语从句的主语去掉。前提是,主句和从句必须是同一个主语或从句的主语是it,否则不能省略。
②状语从句的谓语动词如果是主动语态,则改成doing;如果是被动语态,则去掉系动词,留下done。于是就形成了现在分词或动词-ed形式作状语的结构。doing在这里是现在分词,不是动名词。
When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public.
博物馆建成时会向公众开放。
融会应用
翻译句子
(1)他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
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(2)尽管近来他一直在努力学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。
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(3)她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。
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答案
(1)As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.
(2)Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.
(3)She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The study also (demonstrate)a direct link between obesity and mortality.
2.Their development had (proceed) steadily since the war.
3.This last move can only be (applaud).
4. (rank) of police in riot gear stood nervously by.
5.He will be (compete)in the 100-metre race this weekend.
6.I used to wear (trend)gear but it just looked ridiculous.
7.Their (participate) is subject to a number of important provisos(限制条款).
8.The culture has (diversify) with the arrival of immigrants.
9.After much discussion, we came to a (conclude) satisfactory to all.
10.He wants to make sure that schools are committed to (provide) alternative education.
答案 1.demonstrated 2.proceeded 3.applauded
4.Ranks 5.competing 6.trendy 7.participation
8.been diversified 9.conclusion 10.providing
Ⅱ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing 1. happened in my restaurant today. This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew 2. he was. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited amount of time. We wondered 3. he was so hungry. We doubted 4. the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5. we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see 6. he took out of an envelope—a million pound banknote.
I asked Mr Clements 7. it was genuine. Mr Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought 8. the gentleman showed us couldn't be a fake.
The scene 9. a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn't describe 10. excited I was.
答案 1.that 2.who 3.why 4.if/whether
5.if/whether 6.that 7.if/whether 8.what
9.that 10.how
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·浙江1月)But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances (participate) remotely...
2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) (compete).
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, (motivate), confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”.
4.(2021·新高考Ⅱ)We will be holding a free taster session on 23rd May,at 10 am, (demonstrate) the variety of effective and active exercises.
5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly (ambition) sportsmen.
答案 1.to participate 2.competition 3.motivation 4.to demonstrate 5.ambitious
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