(共28张PPT)
UNIT 2 Sports culture
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态的用法。（语言能力）
核心单词
知识点1 limit n.限度；限制；限额；限量；界限 vt.限制；限定；限量；减量 ＊limited adj.有限的＊limitless adj.无限制的；无界限的
（P20）I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.
虽然我的极限正受到前所未有的考验,但我还是轻松而自信地跑完了比赛。
知识拓展
within limit 适度地；有限度地；在一定范围内
without limit 无限制地
exceed a limit 超出限度
over the limit 超过限制
age limit 年龄限制
limit of... ……的极限
limit...to... 限制……；限定……
图解释义
The car should follow the speed limit.
汽车应该限速行驶。
融会应用 用limit的适当形式填空
（1）She knew the______of her power.
limits
（2）The teaching of history should not__________to dates and figures.
be limited
（3）We are doing our best with the_______ resources available.
limited
（4）A man's life is _______，but there is no limit to serving the people. I will
devote my limited life to the ________ job of serving the people.
limited
limitless
知识点2 bend v.（bent，bent）（使）倾斜；偏向；（使四肢）弯曲；（使）拐弯 n. 拐弯；弯道 ＊bent adj.弯曲的；弯腰的；驼背的
（P21）The litter was blown around by the wind as I bent over to pick up a plastic bottle.
当我弯腰捡起一个塑料瓶的时候，垃圾被风吹得到处都是。
知识拓展
bend before/to 屈从
bend down 弯腰； 蹲下
bend over 俯身
bend forward 前倾
a sharp bend 急转弯
熟词生义
bend v. 专心
You have to be able to bend a little in class so that you can follow your teacher.
你必须在课堂上稍微专心一点，这样你才能紧跟老师。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Tony was so tall that he had to bend __________ to get through the doorway.
down/over
（2）I was approaching ___ fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.
a
（3）Do this exercise with your knees_____（bend）.
bent
短语句式
知识点3 reflect on/upon 反省；认真思考
（P20）When my breathing returned to normal, I reflected on what had just been achieved.
当我的呼吸恢复正常时，我反思了刚刚取得的成就。
知识拓展
reflect... in... 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
on reflection 经再三考虑
经典佳句
Reflecting on our failures is generally good, but when it takes too much time, it is dangerous, for it will shake our confidence in ourselves.
总的来说，反思失败是有益的，但如果长时间这么做就会产生不利影响，因为它会动摇我们对自己的信心。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用reflect的适当形式填空
（1）It seems beautiful that the tall buildings ____________ in the lake around
which there are many trees.
are reflected
（2）Usually a child's behaviour is a_________ of his family relationship and growth
environment.
reflection
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in
the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon_____________________.
（动词-ed形式作定语）
reflected in the picture
过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下列句子，并注意黑体部分在句中的用法。
1.She was reading an English magazine the whole morning.
2.We were cleaning the auditorium from 7 to 9 last night.
3.We had to take another way because the road was being repaired.
4.The house was being cleaned when I came back.
5.He had finished his great works by the end of 1980.
6.We had spent months saving money and planning before we went on holiday together last summer.
7.The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came.
8.I suspected that I had been followed since I arrived in London.
我的发现（1） 根据句1和句2可知，过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进
行的动作，其基本结构:________________。
was/were +doing
（2）根据句3和句4可知,过去进行时的被动语态的基本结构:____________________。
was/were being+done
（3）根据句5和句6可知，过去完成时表示某一动作在过去某一时间之前已经完成，对
过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，其基本结构:___________。
had +done
（4）根据句7和句8可知，过去完成时的被动语态的基本结构:_______________。
had been +done
探究点1 过去进行时的被动语态
一、过去进行时的被动语态的概念
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一时刻正在发生或者进行的被动性的动作。
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,常和表示过去时间的状语then、at this（that） time、 yesterday、at nine、last night等连用。但在不少情况下,如果句中没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文语境来判断。
二、过去进行时的被动语态有以下三种句式结构
1.肯定结构:was/were+being+done
The feast was being prepared when it began to snow outside.
当外面开始下雪时,人们正在准备宴会。
2.否定结构:was/were+not+being+done
The movie star wasn't being stalked by a fan.
没有粉丝在跟踪那个电影明星。
3.疑问句结构
（1）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+being+done
What was being done to the machine
人们对这台机器正在采取什么措施
（2）一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+being+done
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他们学校当时正在建一所新的图书馆吗
三、过去进行时的被动语态的用法
1.过去进行时的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。
This film was being shown at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候,这部电影正在被放映。
2.过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用,若连用需要用完成时的被动语态。
The clock has been repaired three times.
这个钟已经修过三次了。
探究点2 过去完成时的被动语态
一、过去完成时的被动语态的概念
过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经被完成的动作。
过去完成时由“had+动词-ed形式”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态,句中常用by、before、until、when等词引导时间状语。
二、过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种句式结构
1.肯定结构:主语+had been done+其他成分
All the connections had been cut after Flight 370 left the range of Malaysian military radar.
在370航班离开马来西亚军事雷达的探测范围后,所有联系都被切断了。
2.否定结构:主语+had not been done+其他成分
The aircraft had not been discovered by the time the news was reported.
在新闻被报道的时候,飞机还没有被发现。
3.疑问句结构
（1）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+had+been+done+其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended
飓风结束时有多少建筑物被摧毁了
（2）一般疑问问：Had+主语+been+done+其他成分
Had the task been finished before Tuesday
星期二之前能完成这项任务吗？
三、过去完成时的被动语态的用法
1.表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经被完成的动作,常与by、 before等引导的时间状语连用。
The window had been broken by the little girl before her mother came in.
在她妈妈进来之前,窗户被小女孩打破了。
2.在 told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时的被动语态。
Lisa said that the tickets had already been sold out.
丽莎说票已经卖完了。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The boy was reminded that his homework ____________________（not hand） in．
had not been handed
2.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in
America，with Chinese food that _________________（change） to suit American
tastes．
had been changed
3.By the end of last year, all the preparatory work ______________ （do）．
had been done
4.He said that the man __________________ （operate） on.
was being operated
5.Trees __________________ （plant） here at this time last year．
were being planted
6.Peter ______________ （tell） a story by his mother then．
was being told
7.He told me that a new station _______________ （build）.
was being built
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.She told me that______________________by her boss.
她告诉我，她的老板已经把她解雇了。
she had been dismissed
2.She found ___________________________ by the storm.
她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁了。
the house had been destroyed
3.His newly written novel _____________________________ by the end of last month.
上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
had been translated into English
4.___________________________before it was rented to him.
房子在租给他之前已经修好了。
The house had been repaired
Ⅲ.结合中文提示补全短文
On September 3 last year, the city 1._______________________（遭受严重洪水
袭击）. By 9 pm that day, several temples built hundreds of years ago
2.__________________（已经被摧毁了）. Later it was reported that dozens of people
3.________________（已经受伤了）and scores of cars
4.__________________________________（被洪水冲走了）. The government called
on everyone to fight the disaster actively and soon the floods
5._________________________（得到了控制）.
was hit by severe floods
had been destroyed
had been injured
had been washed away by the floods
were brought under controlUnit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态的用法。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 limit n.限度;限制;限额;限量;界限 vt.限制;限定;限量;减量 *limited
adj.有限的 *limitless adj.无限制的;无界限的
(P20)I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.
虽然我的极限正受到前所未有的考验,但我还是轻松而自信地跑完了比赛。
知识拓展
within limit 适度地;有限度地;在一定范围内
without limit 无限制地
exceed a limit 超出限度
over the limit 超过限制
age limit 年龄限制
limit of... ……的极限
limit...to... 限制……;限定……
图解释义
The car should follow the speed limit.
汽车应该限速行驶。
融会应用
用limit的适当形式填空
(1)She knew the of her power.
(2)The teaching of history should not to dates and figures.
(3)We are doing our best with the resources available.
(4)A man's life is ,but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the job of serving the people.
答案 (1)limits (2)be limited (3)limited (4)limited;limitless
知识点2 bend v. (bent, bent)(使)倾斜;偏向;(使四肢)弯曲;(使)拐弯n.拐弯;弯道
*bent adj.弯曲的;弯腰的;驼背的
(P21)The litter was blown around by the wind as I bent over to pick up a plastic bottle.
当我弯腰捡起一个塑料瓶的时候,垃圾被风吹得到处都是。
知识拓展
bend before/to 屈从
bend down 弯腰; 蹲下
bend over 俯身
bend forward 前倾
a sharp bend 急转弯
熟词生义
bend v. 专心
You have to be able to bend a little in class so that you can follow your teacher.
你必须在课堂上稍微专心一点,这样你才能紧跟老师。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Tony was so tall that he had to bend to get through the doorway.
(2)I was approaching fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.
(3)Do this exercise with your knees (bend).
答案 (1)down/over (2)a (3)bent
短 语 句 式
知识点3 reflect on/upon 反省;认真思考
(P20)When my breathing returned to normal, I reflected on what had just been achieved.
当我的呼吸恢复正常时,我反思了刚刚取得的成就。
知识拓展
reflect... in... 在……中映出……的影像
be reflected in 倒映在;反映在
on reflection 经再三考虑
经典佳句
Reflecting on our failures is generally good, but when it takes too much time, it is dangerous, for it will shake our confidence in ourselves.
总的来说,反思失败是有益的,但如果长时间这么做就会产生不利影响,因为它会动摇我们对自己的信心。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用reflect的适当形式填空
(1)It seems beautiful that the tall buildings in the lake around which there are many trees.
(2)Usually a child's behaviour is a of his family relationship and growth environment.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon . (动词-ed形式作定语)
答案 (1)are reflected (2)reflection (3)reflected in the picture
语法探究
过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下列句子,并注意黑体部分在句中的用法。
1.She was reading an English magazine the whole morning.
2.We were cleaning the auditorium from 7 to 9 last night.
3.We had to take another way because the road was being repaired.
4.The house was being cleaned when I came back.
5.He had finished his great works by the end of 1980.
6.We had spent months saving money and planning before we went on holiday together last summer.
7.The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came.
8.I suspected that I had been followed since I arrived in London.
我的发现
(1)根据句1和句2可知,过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,其基本结构: 。
(2)根据句3和句4可知,过去进行时的被动语态的基本结构: 。
(3)根据句5和句6可知,过去完成时表示某一动作在过去某一时间之前已经完成,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,其基本结构: 。
(4)根据句7和句8可知,过去完成时的被动语态的基本结构: 。
答案 (1)was/were +doing (2)was/were being+done (3)had +done (4)had been +done
探究点1 过去进行时的被动语态
一、过去进行时的被动语态的概念
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一时刻正在发生或者进行的被动性的动作。
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,常和表示过去时间的状语then、at this(that) time、 yesterday、at nine、last night等连用。但在不少情况下,如果句中没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文语境来判断。
二、过去进行时的被动语态有以下三种句式结构
1.肯定结构:was/were+being+done
The feast was being prepared when it began to snow outside.
当外面开始下雪时,人们正在准备宴会。
2.否定结构:was/were+not+being+done
The movie star wasn't being stalked by a fan.
没有粉丝在跟踪那个电影明星。
3.疑问句结构
(1)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+being+done
What was being done to the machine
人们对这台机器正在采取什么措施
(2)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+being+done
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他们学校当时正在建一所新的图书馆吗
三、过去进行时的被动语态的用法
1.过去进行时的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。
This film was being shown at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候,这部电影正在被放映。
2.过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用,若连用需要用完成时的被动语态。
The clock has been repaired three times.
这个钟已经修过三次了。
探究点2 过去完成时的被动语态
一、过去完成时的被动语态的概念
过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经被完成的动作。
过去完成时由“had+动词-ed形式”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态,句中常用by、before、until、when等词引导时间状语。
二、过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种句式结构
1.肯定结构:主语+had been done+其他成分
All the connections had been cut after Flight 370 left the range of Malaysian military radar.
在370航班离开马来西亚军事雷达的探测范围后,所有联系都被切断了。
2.否定结构:主语+had not been done+其他成分
The aircraft had not been discovered by the time the news was reported.
在新闻被报道的时候,飞机还没有被发现。
3.疑问句结构
(1)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+had+been+done+其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended
飓风结束时有多少建筑物被摧毁了
(2)一般疑问问:Had+主语+been+done+其他成分
Had the task been finished before Tuesday
星期二之前能完成这项任务吗
三、过去完成时的被动语态的用法
1.表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经被完成的动作,常与by、 before等引导的时间状语连用。
The window had been broken by the little girl before her mother came in.
在她妈妈进来之前,窗户被小女孩打破了。
2.在 told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时的被动语态。
Lisa said that the tickets had already been sold out.
丽莎说票已经卖完了。
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The boy was reminded that his homework (not hand) in.
2.Prior to coming to China,my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America,with Chinese food that (change) to suit American tastes.
3.By the end of last year, all the preparatory work (do).
4.He said that the man (operate) on.
5.Trees (plant) here at this time last year.
6.Peter (tell) a story by his mother then.
7.He told me that a new station (build).
答案 1.had not been handed 2.had been changed
3.had been done 4.was being operated 5.were being planted 6.was being told 7.was being built
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.She told me that by her boss.
她告诉我,她的老板已经把她解雇了。
2.She found by the storm.
她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁了。
3.His newly written novel by the end of last month.
上个月末,他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
4. before it was rented to him.
房子在租给他之前已经修好了。
答案 1.she had been dismissed 2.the house had been destroyed 3.had been translated into English
4.The house had been repaired
Ⅲ.结合中文提示补全短文
On September 3 last year, the city 1. (遭受严重洪水袭击). By 9 pm that day, several temples built hundreds of years ago 2. (已经被摧毁了). Later it was reported that dozens of people 3. (已经受伤了)and scores of cars 4. (被洪水冲走了). The government called on everyone to fight the disaster actively and soon the floods 5. (得到了控制).
答案 1.was hit by severe floods 2.had been destroyed 3.had been injured 4.had been washed away by the floods 5.were brought under control
2
