Unit 4 Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
2.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.基础单词
1. n.双胞胎之一;一对相像的事物之一 adj.双胞胎之一的;成对的;成双的
2. n.好像一模一样的人;复制品;克隆动物(或植物) vt.克隆;以无性繁殖技术复制
3. n.障碍;阻力;屏障;障碍物;分界线;隔阂
4. vt.对……微调
5. n.人造卫星;卫星
6. n.费用;开销;开支
7. n.&vt.羡慕;忌妒
8.virtual adj.
9.headset n.
10.sensor n.
11.immersive adj.
12.weed n.
13.state-of-the-art adj.
14.gender n.
15.pub n.
答案 1.twin 2.clone 3.barrier 4.fine-tune 5.satellite 6.expense 7.envy 8.虚拟的;模拟的;很接近的;事实上的 9.耳机 10.传感器;敏感元件
11.(计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的 12.杂草;野草 13.使用最先进技术(或方法)的;最先进的
14.性别 15.酒吧;酒馆
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. n.定义;释义;解释→ v.解释;给……下定义
2. adj.实际的;真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的→ v.练习;实习;训练→ n.实践;通常的做法;惯例
3. adj.教学的;学术的;学习良好的;纯理论的→ n.学院;学会;专科院校
4. vt.&vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇用;聘用;与……建立密切关系→ n.订婚;约定;约会;预约
5. adj.最初的;开始的 n.首字母→ adv.起初
6. adj.乐观的;抱乐观看法的→ n.乐观主义
7. vt.使恼怒;使生气;打扰;骚扰→ adj.生气的→ adj.使人烦恼的→ n.烦恼
8. n.球体;球状物;地球仪;地球;世界→ adj.全球性的;全世界的
答案 1.definition;define 2.practical;practise;practice 3.academic;academy 4.engage;engagement 5.initial;initially 6.optimistic;optimism 7.annoy;annoyed;annoying;annoyance 8.globe;global
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 处于最前列;进入重要地位
2. 在于
3. 记住
4. 就……方面而言
5. 弄清楚
6.serve up
7.in an instant
8.virtual reality
9.engage students' interest
10.be away from your busy life
答案 1.at the forefront of 2.lie in 3.keep in mind 4.in terms of 5.figure out 6.提供 7.刹那间 8.虚拟现实 9.引起学生的兴趣 10.远离你忙碌的生活
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient (what if...)
翻译 如果我告诉你,医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”,以便在病人身上尝试做精密的手术之前先练习它,你会怎么做
仿写 and then froze all through those months
如果那几个月一直下雨然后又结冰该怎么办
2.It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.(It won't be +一段时间+before...)
翻译 虚拟博物馆和互动式三维展览将很快普及。
仿写 With global warming becoming more and more serious, some coastal cities disappear.
随着全球变暖变得越来越严重, 一些沿海城市不久就会消失。
3.When talking about VR,we should keep in mind its quick rate of evolution.(状语从句的省略)
翻译 当我们谈论VR时,我们应该记住它的快速发展。
仿写 , you can scan the room and see who want to go up and talk to.
当走进房间的时候,你可以扫视房间,看一下想要走过去和谁谈话。
答案 1.What if it rained 2.it won't be long before
3.When walking into the room
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on Pages 53-54 and fill in the blanks.
答案 1.definition 2.educational 3.medical 4.effect 5.barriers 6.optimistic
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 53-54 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.How does your brain respond to VR
A.Partly believe it is real. B.Become puzzled.
C.Ignore its existence. D.Make no response.
2.What is the effect of using VR in education
A.Providing students with more practical chances.
B.Improving students' ability of imagination.
C.Broadening students' international vision.
D.Improving students' interest and learning efficiency.
3.How is VR applied in medicine
A.By making an operation simple.
B.By providing a new surgical method.
C.By creating real situations for training.
D.By helping surgeons relax before surgery.
4.Which statement is right about the application of VR in daily life
A.It helps people save time while shopping.
B.It offers more vacation opportunities.
C.It allows people to see exhibition at home.
D.It helps people make more informed choices.
5.What is Frank's opinion on the evolution of VR
A.It depends on 5G.
B.Everything is possible.
C.Cost is the biggest barrier.
D.There is a long way to go.
答案 1~5 ADCDB
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 definition n.定义;释义;解释 *define v.定义;明确;界定
(P53)The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself, which means “reality that is not real”.
VR的基本定义在于其名字本身,它的意思是“不真实的现实”。
知识拓展
by definition 按照定义
brief/difficult/full/exact definition 简洁的/难理解的/完全的/准确的定义
formulate/frame/give a definition 下定义
define...as... 把……定义为……
be clearly/well defined 明确界定;清楚说明
经典佳句
I'm relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
我很欣慰地知道“酷”的定义比我以前想的要宽泛得多。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)There is no general agreement on a standard (define) of intelligence.
(2)There's no simple definition Jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of it.
(3)Finally, history may (define) as that which historians write about the past.
答案 (1)definition (2)of (3)be defined
知识点2 practical adj.实际的;真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的 *impractical adj.不切实际的;不现实的;不能实行的 *practicable adj.可用的;行得通的;可实行的
(P53)Can you give some examples of the practical applications VR has
你能举出一些关于VR的实际应用的例子吗
知识拓展
be practical for... 对……是实用的
in practical terms 具体点说
practical experience 实践经验
It is practicable (for sb) to do sth. (某人)做某事是可行的。
经典佳句
The child is very naughty and likes to play practical jokes.
这个孩子很淘气,喜欢恶作剧。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)No one can become a chef .
没有实践经验,谁也当不了主厨。
(2) offer her the original job.
经理把原来的工作交还给她是不可行的。
(3)It wouldn't all that way just for the weekend.
我们跑那么远只为了去过个周末实在不切实际。
答案 (1)without practical experience (2)It is not practicable for the manager to (3)be practical for us to go
知识点3 engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣等);雇用;聘用;与……建立密切关系 *engagement n.约定;预约;订婚
(P53)By delivering the content in a meaningful way, this new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency.
通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容,这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生的兴趣并提高学习效率。
知识拓展
engage sb in 使某人从事/参与
engage with sb/sth 与某人/某物建立密切关系
engage sb to do sth 雇用/聘请某人做某事
engage sb as...雇用某人为……;聘用某人为……
经典佳句
Better master one than engage with ten.
会十事不如精一事。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Mr Smith is very knowledgeable,and he is currently engaged a consultant.
(2)Huck was silent for some time and engaged a mental struggle.
(3)Their (engage) was announced in the local paper.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)They never learned skills to of the others.
他们从来没有学过吸引别人的注意力的技巧。
(5)She has the ability to .
她能够与年轻人心意相通。
(6)They tried to .
他们试图让他加入谈话。
答案 (1)as (2)in (3)engagement (4)engage the attention (5)engage with young minds (6)engage him in conversation
知识点4 annoy vt.使恼怒;使生气;打扰;骚扰 *annoyed adj.恼怒的;生气的 *annoying adj.令人生气/烦恼的 *annoyance n.生气;烦扰;令人生气的东西
(P55)Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling
当你旅行时看到汽车像杂草一样挡住了路,你会不高兴吗
知识拓展
be annoyed to do sth 对做某事感到烦恼
it annoys sb when... 当……时某人很烦恼
be annoyed with sb 对某人感到恼火
to sb's annoyance 让某人恼火的是
in annoyance 在烦恼
图解释义
Talking on your phone during a movie is likely to annoy others.
在看电影的时候打电话有可能会惹怒其他人。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)She her stupid questions.
她问的傻问题惹他生气了。
(2)What most was he had received no apology.
最令他生气的是他没有收到道歉。
(3)He swatted a fly that .
他拍打了一只搅得他心烦的苍蝇。
答案 (1)annoyed him with (2)annoyed him;that (3)was annoying him
知识点5 expense n.费用;开销;开支
(P55)All this technology does not come at the expense of fashion.
所有这些技术都不会以时尚为代价。
知识拓展
at sb's expense 由某人付费;对某人不利
at the expense of 在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下;以……为代价
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
household expenses 家庭开支
living expenses 生活费用
travel/travelling expenses 差旅费
经典佳句
Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”.
当你站起来演讲时,你常常会以“语言”为代价去关注“公众”。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)She always travels first-class .
无论费用多高她总是乘坐头等舱。
(2)You can claim back your .
你可以报销差旅费。
(3)He built up the business his health.
他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。
答案 (1)regardless of expense (2)travelling/travel expenses (3)at the expense of
知识点6 envy n. & vt.羡慕;忌妒 *enviable adj.值得羡慕的 *envied adj.被忌妒的 *envious adj.忌妒的 *enviously adv.羡慕地
(P55)We have designs for different ages, genders and occasions, so you will be the envy of all your friends wherever you go—from pubs to offices.
我们有针对不同年龄、性别和场合的设计,所以无论你去哪里——酒吧还是办公室,你都会成为所有朋友羡慕的对象。
知识拓展
envy sb sth 忌妒/羡慕某人有某物
with envy 忌妒地;羡慕地
be the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕/忌妒的对象
out of envy 出于忌妒;出于羡慕
经典佳句
When Mary conducted the evening party on the stage, her colleagues looked at her with envy.
当玛丽在舞台上主持晚会时, 她的同事们都羡慕地看着她。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)They looked envy at her latest purchase.
(2)Britain's National Health Service was once the envy the world.
(3)Only she has access to such precious resources, which (envy) by her fellows.
(4)It is wrong for you (envy) the people who are superior to you.
答案 (1)with (2)of (3)is envied (4)to envy
短 语 句 式
知识点7 boil down to 归结为;基本问题是
(P54) It really boils down to three things—time, cost and technical limitations.
这实际上归结为三件事:时间、成本和技术局限。
知识拓展
get down to 开始认真考虑;着手处理
look down on/upon 看不起
down to the ground 彻底地;完全
down-to-earth 务实的;切合实际的
经典佳句
The question will always boil down to who pays for the extra cost and takes the initial risk
问题总是会归结为: 谁为这额外花费买单以及谁承担最初的风险
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He wrote a lot in his letter, which can it that he felt very sorry for his absence.
他在信里写了很多, 归结为一句话: 他为自己的缺席表示歉意。
(2)She her work right after her holiday.
假日一过, 她便安下心来进行工作。
(3)All work is of equal value, so we can't those manual workers.
所有工作都有同等价值, 所以我们不能歧视那些体力劳动者。
答案 (1)boil down to (2)got down to (3)look down on/upon
知识点8 What if...
(P53)What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你,医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”,以便在病人身上尝试做精密的手术之前先练习它,你会怎么做
知识拓展
此句中的what if意为“如果……怎么样呢”。what if用法如下:
(1)表示假设
what if 用于提出假设时,意思是“假若……怎么办;要是……将会怎么样”,其后的句子可用陈述语气(用一般现在时),也可用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或should+动词原形)。
What if it rains when we can't get under shelter
假若下起雨来,我们又没地方避雨怎么办
What if I came tomorrow instead of this afternoon
我今天下午不来,明天来,怎么样
What if I should fall sick and not be able to work
万一我生病了,不能工作的话怎么办
(2)表示邀请或建议
what if用于提出邀请或建议时,意思是“如果……怎么样;如果……如何”。
What if you join us for lunch
同我们一起吃午饭怎么样
(3)表示不重要
此时通常与so连用,意为“就算……那又怎样”。
So what if nobody else agrees with me
就算没有一个人赞成我的意见,那又怎么样
融会应用
单句写作
(1) no one had been there
假如没有人去过那里的话会怎么样
(2) we moved the sofa over here Would that look better
要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样 看上去会不会好一些
(3) the colours clashed
就算颜色不协调那又怎样
答案 (1)What if (2)What if (3)So what if
知识点9 It won't+be+时间段+before...
(P54)It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
虚拟博物馆和互动式三维展览将很快普及。
知识拓展
此句是“It won't+be+时间段+before...”句型,意思是“过不了多久就……”。
在“It+be/takes+时间段+before...”这一句型中, 根据主从句的时态可以分成两种情况:
(1)主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时:若主句是肯定句,则翻译成“要过多长时间才……”;若主句是否定形式,则翻译成“用不了多久就……”。
It will be some time before we know the full results.
还要过一些时间我们才能知道全部结果。
(2)主句用一般过去时, 从句也用一般过去时:若主句是肯定句,则翻译成“多长时间之后才……”;若主句是否定形式,则翻译成“没过多久就……”。
It was some time before we realized the truth.
过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation it got worse.
(2)The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time we meet them again.
答案 (1)before (2)before
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The (最初的) reaction has been excellent.
2.Both sides have spoken (乐观地) about the talks.
3.Will it (使烦恼) you if others don't seem to try hard enough
4.The overhead light is covered now with a white (球状物).
5.The rocket launched two communication s .
6.He can comfortably afford the extra e .
7.I don't e the young ones who've become TV superstars and know no other world.
8.He was in the (酒吧) until closing time.
答案 1.initial 2.optimistically 3.annoy 4.globe 5.satellites 6.expense 7.envy 8.pub
Ⅱ.选词填空
approach to; a host of; boil down to; at the expense of; figure out; at the forefront of
1.They have been the campaign for political change.
2.It may all a misunderstanding.
3. unwelcome thoughts were pressing in on him.
4.Her fame was bought her marriage.
5.We could the pronoun problem.
6.He took a very scientific management.
答案 1.at the forefront of 2.boil down to 3.A host of 4.at the expense of 5.figure out 6.approach to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.He came back to the city, which , to seek the footprints of him and her.
他回到了那座城市,那座充满幸福的城市,去寻找着他和她的足迹。
2. needs modern research means.
工艺的进步需要有现代的研究手段。
3.There are three conference rooms, each of which a screen, flipchart and audio visual equipment.
有3间会议室,每间都装有屏幕、挂纸白板和视听设备。
4.He who had been lying in wait for him.
他被暗中守候他的记者团团围住。
5.If you study hard now, you will receive a letter of admission from your favorite university in the summer.
如果你现在努力学习,你就有机会在夏天收到你最爱的大学的录取通知书。
6.Please this will be a new TV show like nothing ever done before.
请记住,这将是一个前所未有的新电视节目。
答案 1.was filled with happiness 2.The technological progress 3.is equipped with 4.was surrounded by reporters 5.have the opportunity to 6.keep in mind (that)
Ⅳ.语法填空
The basic definition 1.VR lies in the name itself, which means “reality that is not real”.When you wear a VR headset 2.(equip)with sensors and a screen, you 3.(surround) by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information, which 4.(create) a super-realistic effect called “presence”.Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real, part of your brain believes it is—and acts 5.(according).
Surgeons are already using robotic technology with VR to perform complex surgery.This technology can be applied to train new surgeons; it also enables experts 6.(test) new techniques safely before 7.(try) them on human subjects.Treatments of anxiety and drug addiction are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR.
The entertainment industry is one of the most enthusiastic advocates of VR.Current game systems come with headsets so that players can enter virtual environments and play 8.either real or virtual opponents.
However, as with any technology, there must be some 9.(barrier) to the development of VR.
It really boils down to three things—time, cost and technical limitations. Just trying to figure out how to do what we want in terms of technology will prove 10.(challenge) in some areas.
答案 1.of 2.equipped 3.are surrounded 4.creates
5.accordingly 6.to test 7.trying 8.against
9.barriers 10.challenging
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.Don't worry when you are not recognized, but strive to be worthy of recognition.
如果你不被认可, 不要担心,你要努力让自己值得被认可。
2.If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease.
如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或它们找不到足够的食物, 它们的数量可能会减少。
3.The landing of the Tianwen 1 probe on Mars marks another major breakthrough in the development of China's space industry.
“天问一号”探测器着陆火星标志着中国航天事业的发展取得又一重大突破。
4.Notwithstanding the limited production capacity and enormous demand at home, China has honored its commitment by providing free vaccines to more than 80 developing countries in urgent need and exporting vaccines to 43 countries.
尽管产能有限且自身需求巨大,中国履行承诺, 向80多个有急需的发展中国家提供疫苗援助, 向43个国家出口疫苗。
5.China's economic performance over the past four decades has been the envy of the world. What's more, it rooted out absolute poverty.
中国过去40年的经济表现令世界艳羡。更重要的是, 它消除了绝对贫困。
6.We will support the central region to actively engage in the restructuring of global industrial chains and strengthen global cooperation in areas including technology and energy.
我们将支持中部地区积极参与全球产业链重组, 加强技术、能源等领域的全球合作。
英美文化
美篇导读
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是由丹尼尔·笛福所著的一部长篇小说。该书首次出版于1719年4月25日。这本小说被认为是第一本用英文以日记形式写成的小说,享有英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的头衔。
美篇呈现
CHAPTER 5 Learning to live alone
I still needed a lot of things.“Well,” I said,“I'm going to have to make them.” So,every day,I worked.
First of all, I wanted to make my cave bigger.I carried out stone from the cave,and after many days' hard work I had a large cave in the side of the hill.Then I needed a table and a chair,and that was my next job.I had to work on them for a long time.I also wanted to make places to put all my food,and all my tools and guns.But every time I wanted a piece of wood,I had to cut down a tree.It was long,slow,difficult work,and during the next months I learnt to be very clever with my tools.There was no hurry.I had all the time in the world.
I also went out every day,and I always had my gun with me.Sometimes I killed a wild animal,and then I had meat to eat.
But when it got dark,I had to go to bed because I had no light.I couldn't read or write because I couldn't see.For a long time,I didn't know what to do.But in the end, I learnt how to use the fat of dead animals to make a light.
The weather on my island was usually very hot,and there were often storms and heavy rain.The next June, it rained all the time, and I couldn't go out very often.I was also ill for some weeks, but slowly, I got better.When I was stronger, I began to go out again.The first time I killed a wild animal,and the second time I caught a big turtle.
I was on the island for ten months before I visited other parts of it.During those months I worked hard on my cave and my house and my fence.Now I was ready to find out more about the rest of the island.
First, I walked along the side of a little river.There, I found open ground without trees.Later,I came to more trees with many different fruits.I decided to take a lot of the fruit,and to put it to dry in the sun for a time.Then I could keep it for many months.
That night I went to sleep in a tree for the second time, and the next day I went on with my journey.Soon I came to an opening in the hills.In front of me, everything was green, and there were flowers everywhere.There were also a lot of different birds and animals.I saw that my house was on the worst side of the island.But I didn't want to move from there.It was my home now.I stayed away for three days,and then I came home.But I often went back to the other, greener side of the island.
And so my life went on.Every month I learnt to do or to make something new.But I had troubles and accidents too.Once there was a terrible storm with very heavy rain.The roof of my cave fell in,and nearly killed me!I had to build it up again with many pieces of wood.
第五章 学会独自生活
我仍需要很多东西。“好吧,”我说,“我只能去做出来。”于是,每天,我都工作着。
首先,我想把我的山洞扩大。我从洞里运出石头,经过许多天的艰苦劳动,我在小山的一侧有了一个大的山洞。然后,我需要一张桌子和一把椅子,这便是我接下来的工作。为此,我不得不长时间地干。我还想要找些地方存放我所有的食物,以及我全部的工具和枪支。但是每次我需要一块木板时都不得不砍倒一棵树。这是一项漫长而艰难的工作,在接下来的几个月里我学会熟练地使用工具了。无须焦急。我拥有世界上全部的时间。
我依然每天出去,而且总是随身带枪。有时我杀死一只野兽,然后,我就有肉吃了。
但每到天黑,因为没有灯,我就只好睡觉。由于看不清,我不能读书也没法写字。好长一段时间我不知道做什么。但最终我学会了如何使用死兽的脂肪来点灯。
岛上的天气通常很热,经常有暴风雨。第二年的六月一直在下雨,我经常出不去。我也病了几个星期,但慢慢地我好转了。当我身体更强健时,我又开始外出。第一次我杀了一只野兽,第二次我捕获了一只大海龟。
当我去参观该岛的其他地方时,我在岛上已待了10个月。在那期间,我一直在忙活我的洞穴、我的房子还有我的篱笆。现在我可以进一步了解该岛其他地方的情况了。
首先,我沿着一条小河边前行。在那儿,我发现了一片没有树木的开阔地。随后,我来到了一片结着各种水果的树林。我决定摘很多果子,把它们放在太阳
下晒干一阵。然后我就可以把它们保存很多个月了。
那个晚上,我再一次睡在了树上,第二天便又继续我的旅行。不久,我来到了一个小山洞。在我面前,一片郁郁葱葱,鲜花遍野。还有很多各种各样的鸟类和动物。我明白我的房子是在这个岛的最糟的一侧。但我并不想从那儿搬走。现在那是我的家。我在外待了三天,然后回了家。但我经常回到这岛上更绿的另一边。
我的生活还在继续。每个月我学着制造点新的东西,但总有麻烦,也会出现事故。一次,一场夹着大雨的风暴来临,我山洞的屋顶塌了下来,差点就要了我的命!我不得不用很多块木材把它重新建好。
知识积累
make places 腾出地方
素养链接
丹尼尔·笛福(Daniel Defoe),英国作家,英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人。其作品主要以个人通过努力,靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难为构架。情节曲折,采用自述方式,可读性强,并表现了当时追求冒险,倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世,鲁滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范。
2(共67张PPT)
UNIT 4 Living with technology
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力， 学习能力）
2.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.基础单词
1._____n.双胞胎之一；一对相像的事物之一 adj.双胞胎之一的；成对的；成双的
twin
2.______ n.好像一模一样的人；复制品；克隆动物（或植物） vt.克隆；以无性繁殖技
术复制
clone
3._______n.障碍；阻力；屏障；障碍物；分界线；隔阂
barrier
4._________vt.对……微调
fine-tune
5.________n.人造卫星；卫星
satellite
6.________n.费用；开销；开支
expense
7.______n.&vt.羡慕；忌妒
envy
8.virtual adj.____________________________________
虚拟的；模拟的；很接近的；事实上的
9.headset n.______
耳机
10.sensor n. __________________
传感器；敏感元件
11.immersive adj.______________________________________
（计算机系统或图像）沉浸式虚拟现实的
12.weed n.____________
杂草；野草
13.state-of-the-art adj. ______________________________________
使用最先进技术（或方法）的；最先进的
14.gender n.______
性别
15.pub n. ____________
酒吧；酒馆
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1._________n.定义；释义；解释→_______v.解释；给……下定义
definition
define
2._________adj.实际的；真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的→________ v.练
习；实习；训练→________ n.实践；通常的做法；惯例
practical
practise
practice
3._________adj.教学的；学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的→_________n.学院；学会；
专科院校
academic
academy
4._______vt.&vi.吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用；聘用；与……建立密切关系
→___________n.订婚；约定；约会；预约
engage
engagement
5.______adj.最初的；开始的 n.首字母→________adv.起初
initial
initially
6.__________adj.乐观的；抱乐观看法的→_________n.乐观主义
optimistic
optimism
7._______ vt.使恼怒；使生气；打扰；骚扰→________adj.生气的→_________adj.使人
烦恼的→__________n.烦恼
annoy
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
8.______ n.球体；球状物；地球仪；地球；世界→_______adj.全球性的；全世界的
globe
global
1._________________处于最前列；进入重要地位
at the forefront of
2.______在于
lie in
3._____________记住
keep in mind
4.___________就……方面而言
in terms of
5.__________弄清楚
figure out
6.serve up______
提供
7.in an instant________
刹那间
8.virtual reality__________
虚拟现实
9.engage students' interest________________
引起学生的兴趣
10.be away from your busy life__________________
远离你忙碌的生活
1.What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise
delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient （what if...）
翻译 如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”，以便在病人身上尝试做精密
的手术之前先练习它，你会怎么做
仿写 ________________and then froze all through those months
如果那几个月一直下雨然后又结冰该怎么办
What if it rained
2.It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become
common.（It won't be +一段时间+before...）
翻译 虚拟博物馆和互动式三维展览将很快普及。
仿写 With global warming becoming more and more serious，
______________________ some coastal cities disappear.
随着全球变暖变得越来越严重， 一些沿海城市不久就会消失。
it won't be long before
3.When talking about VR，we should keep in mind its quick rate of evolution.（状语
从句的省略）
翻译 当我们谈论VR时，我们应该记住它的快速发展。
仿写 ___________________________， you can scan the room and see who want to
go up and talk to.
当走进房间的时候，你可以扫视房间，看一下想要走过去和谁谈话。
When walking into the room
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on Pages 53-54 and fill in the blanks.
definition
educational
medical
effect
barriers
optimistic
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 53-54 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.How does your brain respond to VR ( )
A
A.Partly believe it is real. B.Become puzzled.
C.Ignore its existence. D.Make no response.
2.What is the effect of using VR in education ( )
D
A.Providing students with more practical chances.
B.Improving students' ability of imagination.
C.Broadening students' international vision.
D.Improving students' interest and learning efficiency.
3.How is VR applied in medicine ( )
C
A.By making an operation simple.
B.By providing a new surgical method.
C.By creating real situations for training.
D.By helping surgeons relax before surgery.
4.Which statement is right about the application of VR in daily life ( )
D
A.It helps people save time while shopping.
B.It offers more vacation opportunities.
C.It allows people to see exhibition at home.
D.It helps people make more informed choices.
5.What is Frank's opinion on the evolution of VR ( )
B
A.It depends on 5G. B.Everything is possible.
C.Cost is the biggest barrier. D.There is a long way to go.
核心单词
知识点1 definition n.定义；释义；解释 ＊define v.定义；明确；界定
（P53）The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself， which means “reality that is not real”.
VR的基本定义在于其名字本身，它的意思是“不真实的现实”。
知识拓展
by definition 按照定义
brief/difficult/full/exact definition 简洁的/难理解的/完全的/准确的定义
formulate/frame/give a definition 下定义
define...as... 把……定义为……
be clearly/well defined 明确界定；清楚说明
经典佳句
I'm relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
我很欣慰地知道“酷”的定义比我以前想的要宽泛得多。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There is no general agreement on a standard_________（define） of intelligence.
definition
（2）There's no simple definition ___ Jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of
it.
of
（3）Finally， history may ___________（define） as that which historians write
about the past.
be defined
知识点2 practical adj.实际的；真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的 ＊impractical adj.不切实际的；不现实的；不能实行的 ＊practicable adj.可用的；行得通的；可实行的
（P53）Can you give some examples of the practical applications VR has
你能举出一些关于VR的实际应用的例子吗
知识拓展
be practical for... 对……是实用的
in practical terms 具体点说
practical experience 实践经验
It is practicable （for sb） to do sth. （某人）做某事是可行的。
经典佳句
The child is very naughty and likes to play practical jokes.
这个孩子很淘气，喜欢恶作剧。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）No one can become a chef _________________________.
没有实践经验，谁也当不了主厨。
without practical experience
（2）____________________________________offer her the original job.
经理把原来的工作交还给她是不可行的。
It is not practicable for the manager to
（3）It wouldn't _______________________all that way just for the weekend.
我们跑那么远只为了去过个周末实在不切实际。
be practical for us to go
知识点3 engage vt.&vi.吸引住（注意力、兴趣等）；雇用；聘用；与……建立密切关系 ＊engagement n.约定；预约；订婚
（P53）By delivering the content in a meaningful way， this new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency.
通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容，这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生的兴趣并提高学习效率。
知识拓展
engage sb in 使某人从事/参与
engage with sb/sth 与某人/某物建立密切关系
engage sb to do sth 雇用/聘请某人做某事
engage sb as...雇用某人为……；聘用某人为……
经典佳句
Better master one than engage with ten.
会十事不如精一事。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Mr Smith is very knowledgeable,and he is currently engaged ___a consultant.
as
（2）Huck was silent for some time and engaged ___ a mental struggle.
in
（3）Their ___________（engage） was announced in the local paper.
engagement
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）They never learned skills to___________________of the others.
他们从来没有学过吸引别人的注意力的技巧。
engage the attention
（5）She has the ability to ________________________.
她能够与年轻人心意相通。
engage with young minds
（6）They tried to _________________________.
他们试图让他加入谈话。
engage him in conversation
知识点4 annoy vt.使恼怒；使生气；打扰；骚扰 ＊annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的 ＊annoying adj.令人生气/烦恼的 ＊annoyance n.生气；烦扰；令人生气的东西
（P55）Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling
当你旅行时看到汽车像杂草一样挡住了路，你会不高兴吗
知识拓展
be annoyed to do sth 对做某事感到烦恼
it annoys sb when... 当……时某人很烦恼
be annoyed with sb 对某人感到恼火
to sb's annoyance 让某人恼火的是
in annoyance 在烦恼
图解释义
Talking on your phone during a movie is likely to annoy others.
在看电影的时候打电话有可能会惹怒其他人。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）She _________________her stupid questions.
她问的傻问题惹他生气了。
annoyed him with
（2）What _____________most was _____he had received no apology.
最令他生气的是他没有收到道歉。
annoyed him
that
（3）He swatted a fly that_________________.
他拍打了一只搅得他心烦的苍蝇。
was annoying him
知识点5 expense n.费用；开销；开支
（P55）All this technology does not come at the expense of fashion.
所有这些技术都不会以时尚为代价。
知识拓展
at sb's expense 由某人付费；对某人不利
at the expense of 在牺牲（或损害）……的情况下；以……为代价
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
household expenses 家庭开支
living expenses 生活费用
travel/travelling expenses 差旅费
经典佳句
Too often when you stand up to give a speech， you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”.
当你站起来演讲时，你常常会以“语言”为代价去关注“公众”。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）She always travels first-class ____________________.
无论费用多高她总是乘坐头等舱。
regardless of expense
（2）You can claim back your _______________________.
你可以报销差旅费。
travelling/travel expenses
（3）He built up the business _________________his health.
他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。
at the expense of
知识点6 envy n.&vt.羡慕；忌妒 ＊enviable adj.值得羡慕的 ＊envied adj.被忌妒的 ＊envious adj.忌妒的 ＊enviously adv.羡慕地
（P55）We have designs for different ages， genders and occasions， so you will be the envy of all your friends wherever you go—from pubs to offices.
我们有针对不同年龄、性别和场合的设计，所以无论你去哪里——酒吧还是办公室，你都会成为所有朋友羡慕的对象。
知识拓展
envy sb sth 忌妒/羡慕某人有某物
with envy 忌妒地；羡慕地
be the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕/忌妒的对象
out of envy 出于忌妒；出于羡慕
经典佳句
When Mary conducted the evening party on the stage， her colleagues looked at her with envy.
当玛丽在舞台上主持晚会时， 她的同事们都羡慕地看着她。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）They looked_____envy at her latest purchase.
with
（2）Britain's National Health Service was once the envy ___the world.
of
（3）Only she has access to such precious resources， which_________（envy） by
her fellows.
is envied
（4）It is wrong for you________（envy） the people who are superior to you.
to envy
短语句式
知识点7 boil down to 归结为；基本问题是
（P54） It really boils down to three things—time， cost and technical limitations.
这实际上归结为三件事：时间、成本和技术局限。
知识拓展
get down to 开始认真考虑；着手处理
look down on/upon 看不起
down to the ground 彻底地；完全
down-to-earth 务实的；切合实际的
经典佳句
The question will always boil down to who pays for the extra cost and takes the initial risk
问题总是会归结为： 谁为这额外花费买单以及谁承担最初的风险
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He wrote a lot in his letter， which can_____________ it that he felt very
sorry for his absence.
他在信里写了很多， 归结为一句话： 他为自己的缺席表示歉意。
boil down to
（2）She____________her work right after her holiday.
假日一过， 她便安下心来进行工作。
got down to
（3）All work is of equal value， so we can't__________________those manual
workers.
所有工作都有同等价值， 所以我们不能歧视那些体力劳动者。
look down on/upon
知识点8 What if...
（P53）What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient
如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的“双胞胎”，以便在病人身上尝试做精密的手术之前先练习它，你会怎么做
知识拓展
此句中的what if意为“如果……怎么样呢”。what if用法如下：
（1）表示假设
what if 用于提出假设时，意思是“假若……怎么办；要是……将会怎么样”，其后的句子可用陈述语气（用一般现在时），也可用虚拟语气（用一般过去时或should+动词原形）。
What if it rains when we can't get under shelter？
假若下起雨来，我们又没地方避雨怎么办？
What if I came tomorrow instead of this afternoon？
我今天下午不来，明天来，怎么样？
What if I should fall sick and not be able to work？
万一我生病了，不能工作的话怎么办？
（2）表示邀请或建议
what if用于提出邀请或建议时，意思是“如果……怎么样；如果……如何”。
What if you join us for lunch？
同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？
（3）表示不重要
此时通常与so连用，意为“就算……那又怎样”。
So what if nobody else agrees with me？
就算没有一个人赞成我的意见，那又怎么样？
融会应用 单句写作
（1）________no one had been there
假如没有人去过那里的话会怎么样
What if
（2）________we moved the sofa over here Would that look better
要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样 看上去会不会好一些
What if
（3）___________the colours clashed
就算颜色不协调那又怎样
So what if
知识点9 It won't+be+时间段+before...
（P54）It won't be long before virtual museums and interactive three-D exhibitions become common.
虚拟博物馆和互动式三维展览将很快普及。
知识拓展
此句是“It won't+be+时间段+before...”句型，意思是“过不了多久就……”。
在“It+be/takes+时间段+before...”这一句型中， 根据主从句的时态可以分成两种情况：
（1）主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时：若主句是肯定句，则翻译成“要过多长时间才……”；若主句是否定形式，则翻译成“用不了多久就……”。
It will be some time before we know the full results.
还要过一些时间我们才能知道全部结果。
（2）主句用一般过去时， 从句也用一般过去时：若主句是肯定句，则翻译成“多长时间之后才……”；若主句是否定形式，则翻译成“没过多久就……”。
It was some time before we realized the truth.
过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He made a mistake， but then he corrected the situation _______it got worse.
before
（2）The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months； it will be a
long time _______we meet them again.
before
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The ______（最初的） reaction has been excellent.
initial
2.Both sides have spoken _____________（乐观地） about the talks.
optimistically
3.Will it _______（使烦恼） you if others don't seem to try hard enough
annoy
4.The overhead light is covered now with a white______（球状物）.
globe
5.The rocket launched two communication s________.
atellites
6.He can comfortably afford the extra e_______.
xpense
7.I don't e_____the young ones who've become TV superstars and know no other
world.
nvy
8.He was in the _____（酒吧） until closing time.
pub
Ⅱ.选词填空
approach to； a host of； boil down to； at the expense of； figure out； at the
forefront of
1.They have been_________________ the campaign for political change.
at the forefront of
2.It may all _____________a misunderstanding.
boil down to
3.__________ unwelcome thoughts were pressing in on him.
A host of
4.Her fame was bought _________________her marriage.
at the expense of
5.We could__________ the pronoun problem.
figure out
6.He took a very scientific ____________management.
approach to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.He came back to the city， which_______________________， to seek the
footprints of him and her.
他回到了那座城市，那座充满幸福的城市，去寻找着他和她的足迹。
was filled with happiness
2.________________________needs modern research means.
工艺的进步需要有现代的研究手段。
The technological progress
3.There are three conference rooms， each of which________________a screen，
flipchart and audio visual equipment.
有3间会议室，每间都装有屏幕、挂纸白板和视听设备。
is equipped with
4.He__________________________who had been lying in wait for him.
他被暗中守候他的记者团团围住。
was surrounded by reporters
5.If you study hard now， you will ______________________receive a letter of
admission from your favorite university in the summer.
如果你现在努力学习，你就有机会在夏天收到你最爱的大学的录取通知书。
have the opportunity to
6.Please _____________________this will be a new TV show like nothing ever done
before.
请记住，这将是一个前所未有的新电视节目。
keep in mind （that）
Ⅳ.语法填空
The basic definition 1.___VR lies in the name itself， which means “reality that
is not real”.When you wear a VR headset 2._________（equip）with sensors and a
screen， you 3.______________（surround） by three-D images， sounds and other
sensory information， which 4._______（create） a super-realistic effect called
“presence”.Though you know the sensory information surrounding you is not real，
part of your brain believes it is—and acts 5.___________（according）.
of
equipped
are surrounded
creates
accordingly
Surgeons are already using robotic technology with VR to perform complex
surgery. This technology can be applied to train new surgeons； it also enables
experts 6._______（test） new techniques safely before 7.______（try） them on
human subjects. Treatments of anxiety and drug addiction are other valuable and cost-
effective applications of VR.
The entertainment industry is one of the most enthusiastic advocates of
VR.Current game systems come with headsets so that players can enter virtual
environments and play 8._______either real or virtual opponents.
However， as with any technology， there must be some 9.________（barrier） to
the development of VR.
It really boils down to three things—time， cost and technical limitations. Just
trying to figure out how to do what we want in terms of technology will prove
10.___________（challenge） in some areas.
to test
trying
against
barriers
challenging
1.Don't worry when you are not recognized， but strive to be worthy of recognition.
如果你不被认可， 不要担心，你要努力让自己值得被认可。
2.If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food， their numbers may decrease.
如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或它们找不到足够的食物， 它们的数量可能会减少。
3.The landing of the Tianwen 1 probe on Mars marks another major breakthrough in the development of China's space industry.
“天问一号”探测器着陆火星标志着中国航天事业的发展取得又一重大突破。
4.Notwithstanding the limited production capacity and enormous demand at home， China has honored its commitment by providing free vaccines to more than 80 developing countries in urgent need and exporting vaccines to 43 countries.
尽管产能有限且自身需求巨大，中国履行承诺， 向80多个有急需的发展中国家提供疫苗援助， 向43个国家出口疫苗。
5.China's economic performance over the past four decades has been the envy of the world. What's more， it rooted out absolute poverty.
中国过去40年的经济表现令世界艳羡。更重要的是， 它消除了绝对贫困。
6.We will support the central region to actively engage in the restructuring of global industrial chains and strengthen global cooperation in areas including technology and energy.
我们将支持中部地区积极参与全球产业链重组， 加强技术、能源等领域的全球合作。
美篇导读
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是由丹尼尔·笛福所著的一部长篇小说。该书首次出版于1719年4月25日。这本小说被认为是第一本用英文以日记形式写成的小说，享有英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的头衔。
美篇呈现
CHAPTER 5 Learning to live alone
I still needed a lot of things.“Well，” I said，“I'm going to have to make them.” So，every day，I worked.
First of all， I wanted to make my cave bigger. I carried out stone from the cave，and after many days' hard work I had a large cave in the side of the hill. Then I needed a table and a chair，and that was my next job. I had to work on them for a long time. I also wanted to make places to put all my food，and all my tools and guns. But every time I wanted a piece of wood，I had to cut down a tree. It was long，slow，difficult work，and during the next months I learnt to be very clever with my tools. There was no hurry. I had all the time in the world.
I also went out every day，and I always had my gun with me. Sometimes I killed a wild animal，and then I had meat to eat.
But when it got dark，I had to go to bed because I had no light. I couldn't read or write because I couldn't see. For a long time，I didn't know what to do. But in the end， I learnt how to use the fat of dead animals to make a light.
The weather on my island was usually very hot，and there were often storms and heavy rain. The next June， it rained all the time， and I couldn't go out very often. I was also ill for some weeks， but slowly， I got better. When I was stronger， I began to go out again. The first time I killed a wild animal，and the second time I caught a big turtle.
I was on the island for ten months before I visited other parts of it. During those months I worked hard on my cave and my house and my fence. Now I was ready to find out more about the rest of the island.
First， I walked along the side of a little river. There， I found open ground without trees. Later，I came to more trees with many different fruits. I decided to take a lot of the fruit，and to put it to dry in the sun for a time. Then I could keep it for many months.
That night I went to sleep in a tree for the second time， and the next day I went on with my journey. Soon I came to an opening in the hills. In front of me，
everything was green， and there were flowers everywhere. There were also a lot of different birds and animals. I saw that my house was on the worst side of the island. But I didn't want to move from there. It was my home now. I stayed away for three days，and then I came home. But I often went back to the other， greener side of the island.
And so my life went on. Every month I learnt to do or to make something new. But I had troubles and accidents too. Once there was a terrible storm with very heavy rain. The roof of my cave fell in，and nearly killed me!I had to build it up again with many pieces of wood.
第五章 学会独自生活
我仍需要很多东西。“好吧，”我说，“我只能去做出来。”于是，每天，我都工作着。
首先，我想把我的山洞扩大。我从洞里运出石头，经过许多天的艰苦劳动，我在小山的一侧有了一个大的山洞。然后，我需要一张桌子和一把椅子，这便是我接下来的工作。为此，我不得不长时间地干。我还想要找些地方存放我所有的食物，以及我全部的工具和枪支。但是每次我需要一块木板时都不得不砍倒一棵树。这是一项漫长而艰难的工作，在接下来的几个月里我学会熟练地使用工具了。无须焦急。我拥有世界上全部的时间。
我依然每天出去，而且总是随身带枪。有时我杀死一只野兽，然后，我就有肉吃了。
但每到天黑，因为没有灯，我就只好睡觉。由于看不清，我不能读书也没法写字。好长一段时间我不知道做什么。但最终我学会了如何使用死兽的脂肪来点灯。
岛上的天气通常很热，经常有暴风雨。第二年的六月一直在下雨，我经常出不去。我也病了几个星期，但慢慢地我好转了。当我身体更强健时，我又开始外出。第一次我杀了一只野兽，第二次我捕获了一只大海龟。
当我去参观该岛的其他地方时，我在岛上已待了10个月。在那期间，我一直在忙活我的洞穴、我的房子还有我的篱笆。现在我可以进一步了解该岛其他地方的情况了。
首先，我沿着一条小河边前行。在那儿，我发现了一片没有树木的开阔地。随后，我来到了一片结着各种水果的树林。我决定摘很多果子，把它们放在太阳下晒干一阵。
然后我就可以把它们保存很多个月了。
那个晚上，我再一次睡在了树上，第二天便又继续我的旅行。不久，我来到了一个小山洞。在我面前，一片郁郁葱葱，鲜花遍野。还有很多各种各样的鸟类和动物。我明白我的房子是在这个岛的最糟的一侧。但我并不想从那儿搬走。现在那是我的家。我在外待了三天，然后回了家。但我经常回到这岛上更绿的另一边。
我的生活还在继续。每个月我学着制造点新的东西，但总有麻烦，也会出现事故。一次，一场夹着大雨的风暴来临，我山洞的屋顶塌了下来，差点就要了我的命！我不得不用很多块木材把它重新建好。
知识积累
make places 腾出地方
素养链接
丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe），英国作家，英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人。其作品主要以个人通过努力，靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难为构架。情节曲折，采用自述方式，可读性强，并表现了当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世，鲁滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范。
