Unit 4
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,学习能力)
2.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1.the most feature 最显著的特征
2. major problems 遇上大问题
3.his complaints 他的满腔抱怨
4.Liberty is from social justice.自由与社会正义是不可分的。
5.a performance of passion and 一场充满激情和活力的表演
6.pay off 还清债务
7. a shadow on the water 在水上投下一个影子
8. us an explanation 欠我们一个解释
答案 1.striking 2.encounter 3.numerous 4.inseparable 5.vitality 6.debt 7.cast 8.owe
构词规律
n.+-ist→ n. n.+-y→ adj.
novel→novelist n.小说家 science→scientist n.科学家 art→artist n.艺术家 violin→violinist n.小提琴家 mist→misty adj.有雾的 dust→dusty adj.有尘土的 health→healthy adj.健康的 hand→handy adj.有用的;手边的
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 对……的贡献
2. 使人们熟悉
3. 植根于
4. 反过来
5. 没能做成
6. 区分
7.be recognized as
8.owe a debt
9.the majority of
10.be characterized by
11.fail to be impressed
12.be fascinated by
13.make allowance for
答案 1.contribute to 2.familiarize the people with
3.be rooted in 4.in turn 5.fail to 6.distinguish...from... 7.被认为是 8.欠债 9.大多数的 10.以……为特点 11.没有被打动 12.被……迷住了 13.考虑到;体谅
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.(with的复合结构)
翻译 这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格,这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
仿写 , we arrived at a remote village, which was struck by the flood.
由这个小男孩带路,我们到达了一个被洪水袭击的偏远村庄。
2.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(动词-ed形式作状语)
翻译 由于对冒险和游览的强烈渴望,李白在二十出头时便离开了家开始四处游历。
仿写 ,the crops could grow better.
如果给予更多的关注,庄稼会长得更好。
答案 1.With a boy leading the way 2.Given more attention
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on Pages 53-54 and match each part with its main idea.
( )1.Part 1(Para.1)
( )2.Part 2(Paras.2-5)
( )3.Part 3(Para.6)
A.The popularity of Li Bai and his poetry.
B.The reasons for Li Bai's romantic style.
C.An introduction to Li Bai's poetry and romantic style.
答案 1~3 CBA
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the purpose of the poem A Night Stay at a Mountain Temple in the passage
A.To introduce Li Bai.
B.To ask readers to enjoy it.
C.To introduce Tang poems.
D.To compare it with other poems.
2.What made Li Bai familiar with classical Chinese culture and acquire the wisdom of previous generations
A.The society he lived in.
B.All kinds of books he read.
C.His travelling experience.
D.All activities he took part in.
3.What made Li Bai different from other landscape poets
A.His extraordinary talent.
B.His inspiration from nature.
C.The influence from Qu Yuan.
D.His free expression of strong feelings.
答案 1~3 ABD
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 striking adj.引人注目的;显著的;妩媚动人的;标致的 *strike v.(struck,struck)突然想到;撞;碰;打;突击;罢工;划(火柴) n.罢工;袭击;击;打
(P53)With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.
这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格,这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
知识拓展
striking similarity 惊人的相似性
striking contrast 显著对比;鲜明的对比
a striking feature 显著的特征
striking good looks 出众的容貌
图解释义
Audrey Hepburn always wears striking clothes.
奥黛丽·赫本总是穿着引人注目的衣服。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) this cat is its long-white hair.
这只猫最吸引人的特征是它雪白的长毛。
(2) but in some way I felt repelled.
她非常吸引人,但是我觉得有些反感。
(3)The two share a in appearance, but their personalities could not be more distant.
这两个人在外貌上有着惊人的相似性,但他们的性格却相差甚远。
答案 (1)The most striking feature of (2)She was very striking (3)striking similarity
知识点2 encounter vt.偶然碰到;意外地遇见;遭遇;碰到 n.遭遇;相遇
(P53)During his travels, he visited famous mountains and great rivers, encountering different customs and practices.
在他的游历中,他游览了名山大川,遇到了不同的风俗习惯。
知识拓展
encounter sth/sb 遇到某事/某人
encounter with 遭遇;遇到
close encounter 近距离接触
经典佳句
His present job was all the result of a chance encounter with the company's Human Resources manager at a party.
他(能得到)现在的工作完全是因为在一次聚会上偶然遇到该公司的人力资源经理。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He with a bear in the woods.
他在森林中近距离地接触到了熊。
(2)The author tells of a remarkable a group of soldiers.
作者讲述了他与一群士兵的惊人邂逅。
答案 (1)had a close encounter (2)encounter with
知识点3 distinguish v.成为……的特征;使有别于;区分;辨别;认出;使出众 *distinguished adj.著名的;卓著的
(P54)Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发,这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机,也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
知识拓展
distinguish...from...使……有别于……
distinguish between...and... 区别……和……
distinguish oneself 使扬名;使杰出
be distinguished for 因……而出名
be distinguished as 称之为
图解释义
It's hard to distinguish one twin from the other.
很难分辨出一对双胞胎谁是谁。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1) (distinguish) guests and friends,welcome to our school.
(2)It's important to distinguish right wrong.
(3)The Chinese nation is distinguished its diligence and courage.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(4)He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school.(动词-ed形式作状语)
→ ,he was elected as head of the economic school.
答案 (1)Distinguished (2)from (3)for (4)Distinguished for his knowledge of economics
知识点4 representative adj.典型的;有代表性的 n.典型人物;代表性人物;代表 *represent v.代表;象征;体现;展示;描绘
(P54)The poem below, written in his fifties, is representative of his romantic style:
下面这首诗是李白五十多岁时所作,是他的浪漫主义风格的代表作:
知识拓展
a representative of ……的代表
represent ...as... 把……描绘成……
represent sb to do sth 代表某人做某事
represent sth to sb 向某人传达某事
图解释义
They chose her as their representative to speak for them.
他们选她作为代表发声。
名师点拨
表示“代表”的词语还有stand for、on behalf of等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用represent的适当形式填空
(1)Mr Reed has been selected us on the committee.
(2)I have the honour to have been sent as their .
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)The competition attracted over 500 contestants .
这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。
答案 (1)to represent (2)representative (3)representing eight different countries
知识点5 owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);归功于
(P54)Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt to his inspirational poems.
一代又一代的中外诗人都受益于他那鼓舞人心的诗歌。
知识拓展
owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物;把……归功于……
owe it to sb to do sth 把做某事归功于某人
owing to 由于
经典佳句
I owe you an apology for what I said this morning.
我为今天早上所说的话向你道歉。
名师点拨
表示“由于”的介词短语还有because of、due to、thanks to、as a result of、on account of等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Owing bad weather,this morning's flight will be delayed.
(2)He owed $300 me.
(3)You owe to your supporters not to give up now.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(4)由于下雨,运动会不得不推迟。
→ ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(owe)
→ ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(because of)
→ ,the sports meeting had to be put off.(account)
答案 (1)to (2)to (3)it (4)Owing to the rain;Because of the rain;On account of the rain
知识点6 entitle vt.给……命名;使享有权利;使符合资格
(P54) He was fascinated by Li Bai's poems and translated some of them in his 1915 poetry collection entitled Cathay.
他被李白的诗迷住了,并翻译了其中一些诗,(收录)在他1915年名为《华夏集》的诗歌文集中。
知识拓展
entitle...to... 赋予……;给……权利
be entitled to sth/to do sth 有权做某事
经典佳句
In fact, I have just bought a book entitled How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute.
事实上,我刚买了一本名为《一分钟读一千字的诀窍》的书。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)They first class travel.
他们有权享受头等舱旅行。
(2)This ticket a free seat at the concert.
持这张票可以免费听音乐会。
答案 (1)are entitled to (2)entitles you to
知识点7 blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责n.责任;责备;过失
(P55)Are losing theirs and blaming it on you...
如果所有的人都失去理智,谴责你……
知识拓展
blame sb for sth/doing sth 因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备
accept / bear / take the blame for... 对……负责
put / lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事的责任推到某人身上
经典佳句
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
一支乱扔的烟被指为引起这场火灾的罪魁祸首。
易混辨析
blame、charge和accuse的辨析:
(1)blame“责备;谴责;归咎于”。blame sb for sth “因某事指责某人”;blame sth on sb “把某事归咎于某人”。
(2)charge“控告;谴责”。charge sb with (doing) sth“指控某人(做了)某事”。
(3)accuse“控告;指控;指责;谴责”。accuse sb of (doing) sth“指控某人(做了)某事”。
名师点拨
be to blame for sth意为“应为某事负责或受指责”,其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Many children are afraid of (blame) for failing the exam.
(2)She didn't blame her father's death anyone.
(3)Don't always blame your own failure others; sometimes you yourself are .(blame)
Ⅱ.用blame、charge、accuse的适当形式填空
(4)It is obvious that you are for the accident.
(5)She was said to have been with drunk driving.
(6)I was told that he was of murder.
答案 (1)being blamed (2)on (3)on;to blame (4)to blame (5)charged (6)accused
短 语 句 式
知识点8 with的复合结构
(P53)With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.
这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格,这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
知识拓展
with+宾语
融会应用
单句填空
(1)With the work (do), he felt greatly relieved.
(2)With a lot of work (do), he isn't allowed to go out.
(3)With a lot of people (oppose) the new proposal, the association postponed it.
答案 (1)done (2)to do (3)opposing
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Every day of our lives we e major and minor stresses of one kind or another.
2.The advantages of this system are too n to mention.
3.My father wanted me to become a professional and have more s .
4.They need to be (容忍的) of different points of view.
5.He had to endure six months' loss of (自由).
6.It's important to d fact from fiction.
7.No (责备) attaches to you.
8.The budget made a for inflation.
9.I went up to the front and got a prize as the r .
答案 1.encounter 2.numerous 3.stability 4.tolerant 5.liberty 6.distinguish 7.blame
8.allowance 9.representative
Ⅱ.选词填空
make allowance for; be representative of; stick out; dig up; be fascinated by;
lead...to; distinguish from
1.This child the plots in the novel.
2.If you want to convince others that your opinion the majority, then just repeat yourself.
3.We must the traffic, so let's start half an hour earlier.
4.The creation individuality is the originality that one writer other writers.
5.All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may you a better understanding of the poem in the end.
6.As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.
7.It is the lines which that make a poem interesting.
答案 1.is/was fascinated by 2.is representative of 3.make allowance for 4.distinguishes from 5.lead;to 6.dig up 7.stick out
Ⅲ.语法填空
Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of Yunnan Province, was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 1. sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 2. (see) that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 3. (immediate) got a burst of inspiration.
She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and come back to write something like a poem. Much 4. her surprise, the works written by the students were far beyond her expectations!
Inspired by that class, Kang founded the nonprofit organization, Enlighten Our Future, to help Chinese youngsters improve their mental well-being and their exam grades through poetry composition and 5. (appreciate).She managed to persuade 13 schools 6. (adopt) the“Four-Season Poetry Lessons” project, with a teaching plan, content and method she provided. So far, the poetry lessons 7. (design) by the nonprofit have helped 680,000 students in 823 primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future 8. (run) by full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers,280 backups and more than 1,000 volunteers.
“What's great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 9. (effect) way to communicate with oneself,” she says. “What they need is not sympathy, but recognition, 10. I think will influence their whole life.”
答案 1.a 2.Seeing 3.immediately 4.to 5.appreciation 6.to adopt 7.designed 8.is run 9.effective 10.which
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.If you want to improve your spoken English, you should grasp every chance to practice in your daily life.
如果你想改善自己的英语口语,你应该在日常生活中抓住每次练习的机会。
2.This proves that as long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to get over any difficulty.
这证明只要我们有坚强的意志,我们将能够战胜任何困难。
3.Lies will forever be without any shred of reality, and people can always distinguish right from wrong.
谎言将永远脱离现实,人们总是能分辨是非。
4.By changing groups in class, students are allowed to experience various situations where they can encounter different people and try to solve different problems.
通过在课堂上变换小组,学生们可以体验各种场景,在这一过程中他们会遇到不同的人并尝试解决不同的问题。
英美文化
美篇导读
我们都知道不同的民族待人的礼节往往各不相同。阅读下面有关英国人的礼貌的节选,思考中英两国待人接物方面的异同。
美篇呈现
English Manners
British people are quite reserved① when greeting one another.
Greeting can be a “Hello” “Hi” or “Good morning”,when you arrive at work or at school.
You may also be called many different affectionate② names, according to which part of the Britain you are in.
Do not be offended, this is quite normal.
For example, you may be called dear, dearie③, flower, love, chick, chuck, duckie, guv, son, ma'am, madam, miss, or sir, according to your sex and age.
The standard greeting begins with “How do you do” and the reply “How do you do” signals the end of the ritual.
People who assume that “How do you do” comes with a built-in question mark and respond accordingly become socially isolated.
The English do shake hands with each other, but as little as possible.
With acquaintances④ once in a lifetime is often considered enough.
The preferred English handshake is a brief, vigorous⑤ affair with no hint of lingering.
Most Englishmen never hug or kiss other men. They leave that to football players and foreigners.
Women may kiss on one or both cheeks; if they do, the kisser makes a kissing gesture with appropriate sound effects.
Men may also kiss women in greeting, but only on the cheek.
In public places, the English make great efforts not to touch strangers even by accident.
If such an accident occurs, apologies are fulsome⑥ but should never be used as an excuse for further conversation.
On crowded public transport where it is sometimes unavoidable, physical contact with a stranger is permitted, but in such circumstances, eye contact should be avoided at all costs.
The English like to form orderly queues (standing in line) and wait patiently for their turn. “Queue jumping” is frowned upon.
The queue is one of the few places where the English are allowed to talk to each other without having been formally introduced. The others are when taking the dog for a walk.
In Britain if you accidentally bump into⑦someone, say “sorry”. They probably will too, even if it was not their fault! This is a habit and can be seen as very amusing by an “outsider”.
Women in Britain are entitled to equal respect and status with men in all areas of life and tend to have more independence and responsibility than in some other countries.
It is usual for women to go out and about on their own and to travel widely. It is OK for women to eat alone in a restaurant. It is OK for women to drink beer.
When being entertained at someone's home, it is nice to take a gift for the host and hostess. A bottle of wine, a bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable.
英国人的礼貌
英国人在相互打招呼的时候都很保守。
当你上班或者上学的时候,你可以跟遇到的人说“你好”“嗨”或者“早上好”。
根据你所在的英国地区,别人可能会用很多不同的充满深情的名字来称呼你。
不用觉得被冒犯了,其实这十分正常。
比如,根据性别和年龄,你可能被称呼为亲爱的、可爱的小宝贝、花(美人)、爱人、少妇、咯咯(小可爱)、小鸭子(小宝贝)、老爸、儿子、妈妈、女士、小姐或者先生。
标准的问候是以“你好”开始,又以“你好”结束。
那些认为“你好”带有内置问号并做出相应回答的人在社会上会变得孤立。
英国人会和对方握手,但是次数尽可能少。
与熟人握手一生一次就足够了。
首选的握手是一种简短有力的问候方式,并没有一丝拖延的痕迹。
大多数英国男性从不以拥抱和亲吻这种方式来互相打招呼。他们认为只有足球运动员和外国人才会那样做。
女性可能会亲吻对方的一个或者两个脸颊,亲吻的人会做一个吻的动作然后发出相应的声音。
男性也会在打招呼的时候亲吻女性,但是也只会亲吻脸颊。
在公共场合,英国人都会尽力避免和陌生人接触,即使这种接触是个意外。
如果这样的意外发生了,不必过分道歉,但决不能借此便进行进一步的交谈。
在拥挤的公共交通工具上,有时候难免有接触,与陌生人有肢体接触是允许的。但在这种情况下,无论如何要避免眼神的接触。
英国人喜欢很有秩序地排队,然后耐心等待轮到自己的那一刻。有谁插队,其他人都会对他/她皱眉。
排队时是英国人可以不经正式介绍就互相交谈的几种场合之一,此外还有遛狗的时候。
在英国,如果你不小心撞到某个人,说声“对不起”。对方很可能也会说“对不起”,即使不是他们的错!这是一个习惯,在外人看来很好玩。
英国女性在生活的各个领域都享有与男性同等的尊重和地位,而且比其他一些国家的女性更独立,更有责任感。
女性独自外出和到处旅行是很常见的事,比如独自在饭馆里吃饭,喝啤酒。
当受邀前去别人家里的时候,最好能够给男主人和女主人带份礼物。一瓶酒、一束花或者巧克力都是不错的选择。
知识积累
①reserved adj.内向的;矜持的
②affectionate adj.慈爱的;充满深情的
③dearie n.可爱的小宝贝
④acquaintance n.相识的人;熟人
⑤vigorous adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的
⑥fulsome adj.过分恭维的;谄媚的
⑦bump into 撞上
文化链接
英国人往往以貌取人,仪容态度尤须注意。英国人讲究穿戴,只要一出家门,就得衣冠楚楚。虽然英国已无昔日的辉煌,但是英国人自负心特别强。中上层的人士由于过着舒适的生活,因此养成了一种传统的“绅士”“淑女”风度。英国人守旧,一般都热衷于墨守成规,矜持庄重。
2(共59张PPT)
UNIT 4 Exploring poetry
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
1.the most ________ feature 最显著的特征
striking
2.__________ major problems 遇上大问题
encounter
3.his __________ complaints 他的满腔抱怨
numerous
4.Liberty is ___________ from social justice.自由与社会正义是不可分的。
inseparable
5.a performance of passion and _______一场充满激情和活力的表演
vitality
6.pay off _____ 还清债务
debt
7._____ a shadow on the water 在水上投下一个影子
cast
8._____ us an explanation 欠我们一个解释
owe
构词规律
n．+-ist→ n． n．+-y→ adj.
novel→novelist n.小说家 science→scientist n.科学家 art→artist n.艺术家 violin→violinist n.小提琴家 mist→misty adj.有雾的
dust→dusty adj.有尘土的
health→healthy adj.健康的
hand→handy adj.有用的；手边的
1.____________对……的贡献
contribute to
2._________________________使人们熟悉
familiarize the people with
3.____________植根于
be rooted in
4._______反过来
in turn
5._______没能做成
fail to
6._________________区分
distinguish...from...
7.be recognized as__________
被认为是
8.owe a debt______
欠债
9.the majority of__________
大多数的
10.be characterized by______________
以……为特点
11.fail to be impressed____________
没有被打动
12.be fascinated by______________
被……迷住了
13.make allowance for______________
考虑到；体谅
1.With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”， this early
poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li
Bai's poetry.（with的复合结构）
翻译 这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格,这也是后
来李白诗歌的特点。
仿写 __________________________, we arrived at a remote village, which was struck
by the flood.
由这个小男孩带路，我们到达了一个被洪水袭击的偏远村庄。
With a boy leading the way
2.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started
to travel around in his early twenties.（动词-ed形式作状语）
翻译 由于对冒险和游览的强烈渴望，李白在二十出头时便离开了家开始四处游历。
仿写 ____________________，the crops could grow better.
如果给予更多的关注，庄稼会长得更好。
Given more attention
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on Pages 53-54 and match each part with its main idea.
A.The popularity of Li Bai and his poetry.
B.The reasons for Li Bai's romantic style.
C.An introduction to Li Bai's poetry and romantic style.
1.Part 1（Para.1）( )
C
2.Part 2（Paras.2-5）( )
B
3.Part 3（Para.6）( )
A
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the purpose of the poem A Night Stay at a Mountain Temple in the
passage ( )
A
A.To introduce Li Bai. B.To ask readers to enjoy it.
C.To introduce Tang poems. D.To compare it with other poems.
2.What made Li Bai familiar with classical Chinese culture and acquire the wisdom
of previous generations ( )
B
A.The society he lived in. B.All kinds of books he read.
C.His travelling experience. D.All activities he took part in.
3.What made Li Bai different from other landscape poets ( )
D
A.His extraordinary talent. B.His inspiration from nature.
C.The influence from Qu Yuan. D.His free expression of strong feelings.
核心单词
知识点1 striking adj.引人注目的；显著的；妩媚动人的；标致的
＊strike v.（struck，struck）突然想到；撞；碰；打；突击；罢工；划（火柴） n.罢工；袭击；击；打
（P53）With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”, this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.
这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格,这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
知识拓展
striking similarity 惊人的相似性
striking contrast 显著对比；鲜明的对比
a striking feature 显著的特征
striking good looks 出众的容貌
图解释义
Audrey Hepburn always wears striking clothes.
奥黛丽·赫本总是穿着引人注目的衣服。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）__________________________this cat is its long-white hair.
这只猫最吸引人的特征是它雪白的长毛。
The most striking feature of
（2）____________________but in some way I felt repelled.
她非常吸引人,但是我觉得有些反感。
She was very striking
（3）The two share a ________________in appearance, but their personalities could
not be more distant.
这两个人在外貌上有着惊人的相似性,但他们的性格却相差甚远。
striking similarity
知识点2 encounter vt.偶然碰到；意外地遇见；遭遇；碰到 n.遭遇；相遇
（P53）During his travels, he visited famous mountains and great rivers, encountering different customs and practices.
在他的游历中,他游览了名山大川,遇到了不同的风俗习惯。
知识拓展
encounter sth/sb 遇到某事/某人
encounter with 遭遇；遇到
close encounter 近距离接触
经典佳句
His present job was all the result of a chance encounter with the company's Human Resources manager at a party.
他（能得到）现在的工作完全是因为在一次聚会上偶然遇到该公司的人力资源经理。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He ____________________with a bear in the woods.
他在森林中近距离地接触到了熊。
had a close encounter
（2）The author tells of a remarkable______________a group of soldiers.
作者讲述了他与一群士兵的惊人邂逅。
encounter with
知识点3 distinguish v.成为……的特征；使有别于；区分；辨别；认出；使出众 ＊distinguished adj.著名的；卓著的
（P54）Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes, and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发,这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机,也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
知识拓展
distinguish...from...使……有别于……
distinguish between...and... 区别……和……
distinguish oneself 使扬名；使杰出
be distinguished for 因……而出名
be distinguished as 称之为
图解释义
It's hard to distinguish one twin from the other.
很难分辨出一对双胞胎谁是谁。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）_____________（distinguish） guests and friends，welcome to our school.
Distinguished
（2）It's important to distinguish right ______ wrong.
from
（3）The Chinese nation is distinguished ____ its diligence and courage.
for
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4）He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head
of the economic school.（动词-ed形式作状语）
→_________________________________________,he was elected as head of the
economic school.
Distinguished for his knowledge of economics
知识点4 representative adj.典型的；有代表性的 n.典型人物；代表性人物；代表 ＊represent v.代表；象征；体现；展示；描绘
（P54）The poem below, written in his fifties, is representative of his romantic style：
下面这首诗是李白五十多岁时所作，是他的浪漫主义风格的代表作：
知识拓展
a representative of ……的代表
represent ...as... 把……描绘成……
represent sb to do sth 代表某人做某事
represent sth to sb 向某人传达某事
图解释义
They chose her as their representative to speak for them.
他们选她作为代表发声。
名师点拨
表示“代表”的词语还有stand for、on behalf of等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用represent的适当形式填空
（1）Mr Reed has been selected____________us on the committee.
to represent
（2）I have the honour to have been sent as their _____________．
representative
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）The competition attracted over 500 contestants
_________________________________.
这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。
representing eight different countries
知识点5 owe vt.欠（情）；欠（债）；归功于
（P54）Generations of poets, both in China and abroad, owe a debt to his inspirational poems.
一代又一代的中外诗人都受益于他那鼓舞人心的诗歌。
知识拓展
owe sb sth=owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把……归功于……
owe it to sb to do sth 把做某事归功于某人
owing to 由于
经典佳句
I owe you an apology for what I said this morning.
我为今天早上所说的话向你道歉。
名师点拨
表示“由于”的介词短语还有because of、due to、thanks to、as a result of、on account of等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Owing ___bad weather,this morning's flight will be delayed.
to
（2）He owed $300 ___me.
to
（3）You owe ___to your supporters not to give up now.
it
Ⅱ.一句多译
（4）由于下雨,运动会不得不推迟。
→_________________,the sports meeting had to be put off.（owe）
→___________________,the sports meeting had to be put off.（because of）
→______________________,the sports meeting had to be put off.（account）
Owing to the rain
Because of the rain
On account of the rain
知识点6 entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利；使符合资格
（P54） He was fascinated by Li Bai's poems and translated some of them in his 1915 poetry collection entitled Cathay.
他被李白的诗迷住了，并翻译了其中一些诗，（收录）在他1915年名为《华夏集》的诗歌文集中。
知识拓展
entitle...to... 赋予……；给……权利
be entitled to sth/to do sth 有权做某事
In fact, I have just bought a book entitled How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute
事实上，我刚买了一本名为《一分钟读一千字的诀窍》的书。
经典佳句
融会应用 单句写作
（1）They ______________ first class travel.
他们有权享受头等舱旅行。
are entitled to
（2）This ticket ______________a free seat at the concert.
持这张票可以免费听音乐会。
entitles you to
知识点7 blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责任；责备；过失
（P55）Are losing theirs and blaming it on you...
如果所有的人都失去理智,谴责你……
知识拓展
blame sb for sth/doing sth 因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame （for） 应（为……）承担责任；该（为……）受责备
accept / bear / take the blame for... 对……负责
put / lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事的责任推到某人身上
经典佳句
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
一支乱扔的烟被指为引起这场火灾的罪魁祸首。
易混辨析
blame、charge和accuse的辨析：
（1）blame“责备；谴责；归咎于”。blame sb for sth “因某事指责某人”；blame sth on sb “把某事归咎于某人”。
（2）charge“控告；谴责”。charge sb with （doing） sth“指控某人（做了）某事”。
（3）accuse“控告；指控；指责；谴责”。accuse sb of （doing） sth“指控某人（做了）某事”。
名师点拨
be to blame for sth意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Many children are afraid of _____________（blame） for failing the exam.
being blamed
（2）She didn't blame her father's death____ anyone.
on
（3）Don't always blame your own failure____others； sometimes you yourself
are_________.（blame）
on
to blame
Ⅱ.用blame、charge、accuse的适当形式填空
（4）It is obvious that you are _________for the accident.
to blame
（5）She was said to have been ________with drunk driving.
charged
（6）I was told that he was ________of murder.
accused
短语句式
知识点8 with的复合结构
（P53）With striking imagination in expressions like “scaring dwellers on high”， this early poem already displayed signs of a romantic style, which was later to characterize Li Bai's poetry.
这首早期的诗以“恐惊天上人”这样惊人的想象力表现了浪漫主义的风格，这也是后来李白诗歌的特点。
知识拓展
形容词/副词,表示性质
介词短语,表示状态
doing,表示主动或动作正在进行
done,表示被动或动作已完成
to do,表示动作尚未发生
with+宾语
融会应用 单句填空
（1）With the work ______（do）, he felt greatly relieved.
done
（2）With a lot of work ______（do）, he isn't allowed to go out.
to do
（3）With a lot of people _________（oppose） the new proposal, the association
postponed it.
opposing
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Every day of our lives we e_________ major and minor stresses of one kind or
another.
ncounter
2.The advantages of this system are too n_________ to mention.
umerous
3.My father wanted me to become a professional and have more s_______.
tability
4.They need to be ________（容忍的） of different points of view.
tolerant
5.He had to endure six months' loss of _______（自由）.
liberty
6.It's important to d _________ fact from fiction.
istinguish
7.No_______ （责备） attaches to you.
blame
8.The budget made a _________for inflation.
llowance
9.I went up to the front and got a prize as the r____________ .
epresentative
Ⅱ.选词填空
make allowance for； be representative of； stick out； dig up；
be fascinated by； lead...to； distinguish from
1.This child ___________________ the plots in the novel.
is/was fascinated by
2.If you want to convince others that your opinion __________________the majority,
then just repeat yourself.
is representative of
3.We must __________________the traffic, so let's start half an hour earlier.
make allowance for
4.The creation individuality is the originality that one writer _________________other
writers.
distinguishes from
5.All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may_____ you___ a better
understanding of the poem in the end.
lead
to
6.As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to _______clues that give
you a greater understanding of the poem.
dig up
7.It is the lines which _________that make a poem interesting.
stick out
Ⅲ.语法填空
Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of
Yunnan Province, was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 1.___
sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 2._______ （see）
that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 3.____________ （immediate） got a
burst of inspiration.
She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and come back to
write something like a poem. Much 4.___ her surprise, the works written by the
students were far beyond her expectations!
a
Seeing
immediately
to
Inspired by that class, Kang founded the nonprofit organization, Enlighten Our
Future, to help Chinese youngsters improve their mental well-being and their exam
grades through poetry composition and 5.____________（appreciate）.She managed to
persuade 13 schools 6._________（adopt） the“Four-Season Poetry Lessons” project,
with a teaching plan, content and method she provided. So far, the poetry lessons
7._________ （design） by the nonprofit have helped 680,000 students in 823
primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future
8._______ （run） by full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers,280
backups and more than 1,000 volunteers.
“What's great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 9._________
（effect） way to communicate with oneself,” she says. “What they need is not
sympathy, but recognition, 10._______ I think will influence their whole life.”
appreciation
to adopt
designed
is run
effective
which
1.If you want to improve your spoken English, you should grasp every chance to practice in your daily life.
如果你想改善自己的英语口语，你应该在日常生活中抓住每次练习的机会。
2.This proves that as long as we have a strong will, we'll be able to get over any difficulty.
这证明只要我们有坚强的意志，我们将能够战胜任何困难。
3.Lies will forever be without any shred of reality, and people can always distinguish right from wrong.
谎言将永远脱离现实，人们总是能分辨是非。
4.By changing groups in class, students are allowed to experience various situations where they can encounter different people and try to solve different problems.
通过在课堂上变换小组，学生们可以体验各种场景，在这一过程中他们会遇到不同的人并尝试解决不同的问题。
美篇导读
我们都知道不同的民族待人的礼节往往各不相同。阅读下面有关英国人的礼貌的节选，思考中英两国待人接物方面的异同。
美篇呈现
English Manners
British people are quite reserved① when greeting one another.
Greeting can be a “Hello” “Hi” or “Good morning”，when you arrive at work or at school.
You may also be called many different affectionate② names, according to which part of the Britain you are in.
Do not be offended, this is quite normal.
For example, you may be called dear, dearie③, flower, love, chick, chuck, duckie, guv, son, ma'am, madam, miss, or sir, according to your sex and age.
The standard greeting begins with “How do you do” and the reply “How do you do” signals the end of the ritual.
People who assume that “How do you do” comes with a built-in question mark and respond accordingly become socially isolated.
The English do shake hands with each other, but as little as possible.
With acquaintances④ once in a lifetime is often considered enough.
The preferred English handshake is a brief, vigorous⑤ affair with no hint of lingering.
Most Englishmen never hug or kiss other men. They leave that to football players and foreigners.
Women may kiss on one or both cheeks; if they do, the kisser makes a kissing gesture with appropriate sound effects.
Men may also kiss women in greeting, but only on the cheek.
In public places, the English make great efforts not to touch strangers even by accident.
If such an accident occurs, apologies are fulsome⑥ but should never be used as an excuse for further conversation.
On crowded public transport where it is sometimes unavoidable, physical contact with a stranger is permitted, but in such circumstances, eye contact should be avoided at all costs.
The English like to form orderly queues （standing in line） and wait patiently for their turn. “Queue jumping” is frowned upon.
The queue is one of the few places where the English are allowed to talk to each other without having been formally introduced. The others are when taking the dog for a walk.
In Britain if you accidentally bump into⑦someone, say “sorry”. They probably will too, even if it was not their fault! This is a habit and can be seen as very amusing by an “outsider”．
Women in Britain are entitled to equal respect and status with men in all areas of life and tend to have more independence and responsibility than in some other countries.
It is usual for women to go out and about on their own and to travel widely. It is OK for women to eat alone in a restaurant. It is OK for women to drink beer.
When being entertained at someone's home， it is nice to take a gift for the host and hostess. A bottle of wine, a bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable.
英国人的礼貌
英国人在相互打招呼的时候都很保守。
当你上班或者上学的时候，你可以跟遇到的人说“你好”“嗨”或者“早上好”。
根据你所在的英国地区，别人可能会用很多不同的充满深情的名字来称呼你。
不用觉得被冒犯了，其实这十分正常。
比如，根据性别和年龄，你可能被称呼为亲爱的、可爱的小宝贝、花（美人）、爱人、少妇、咯咯（小可爱）、小鸭子（小宝贝）、老爸、儿子、妈妈、女士、小姐或者先生。
标准的问候是以“你好”开始，又以“你好”结束。
那些认为“你好”带有内置问号并做出相应回答的人在社会上会变得孤立。
英国人会和对方握手，但是次数尽可能少。
与熟人握手一生一次就足够了。
首选的握手是一种简短有力的问候方式，并没有一丝拖延的痕迹。
大多数英国男性从不以拥抱和亲吻这种方式来互相打招呼。他们认为只有足球运动员和外国人才会那样做。
女性可能会亲吻对方的一个或者两个脸颊，亲吻的人会做一个吻的动作然后发出相应的声音。
男性也会在打招呼的时候亲吻女性，但是也只会亲吻脸颊。
在公共场合，英国人都会尽力避免和陌生人接触，即使这种接触是个意外。
如果这样的意外发生了，不必过分道歉，但决不能借此便进行进一步的交谈。
在拥挤的公共交通工具上，有时候难免有接触，与陌生人有肢体接触是允许的。但在这种情况下，无论如何要避免眼神的接触。
英国人喜欢很有秩序地排队，然后耐心等待轮到自己的那一刻。有谁插队，其他人都会对他/她皱眉。
排队时是英国人可以不经正式介绍就互相交谈的几种场合之一，此外还有遛狗的时候。
在英国，如果你不小心撞到某个人，说声“对不起”。对方很可能也会说“对不起”，即使不是他们的错！这是一个习惯，在外人看来很好玩。
英国女性在生活的各个领域都享有与男性同等的尊重和地位，而且比其他一些国家的女性更独立，更有责任感。
女性独自外出和到处旅行是很常见的事，比如独自在饭馆里吃饭，喝啤酒。
当受邀前去别人家里的时候，最好能够给男主人和女主人带份礼物。一瓶酒、一束花或者巧克力都是不错的选择。
知识积累
①reserved adj.内向的；矜持的
②affectionate adj.慈爱的；充满深情的
③dearie n.可爱的小宝贝
④acquaintance n.相识的人；熟人
⑤vigorous adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的
⑥fulsome adj.过分恭维的；谄媚的
⑦bump into 撞上
文化链接
英国人往往以貌取人，仪容态度尤须注意。英国人讲究穿戴，只要一出家门，就得衣冠楚楚。虽然英国已无昔日的辉煌，但是英国人自负心特别强。中上层的人士由于过着舒适的生活，因此养成了一种传统的“绅士”“淑女”风度。英国人守旧，一般都热衷于墨守成规，矜持庄重。
