专题10 复合句--2024年广东中考英语二轮语法与题型复习解题微技巧

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2024年广东中考英语二轮语法与题型复习解题微技巧
专题10 复合句
复合句与阅读理解
从广东近五年的阅读理解篇章可知，三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)在阅读文章中出现的频率很高。学会划分句子成分，根据语境区分各种从句，是理解长难句的前提，能大大提高阅读能力。
例1　(2023广东，阅读理解B篇)For example， many birds depend on stars for direction， but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night.
步骤：（1）找出句子主干，这是一个由but连接的并列复合句。句子主干：many birds depend on stars（句子①），but they get lost easily at night（句子②）.
通过分析句子成分，可以发现句子①为简单句，句子②包含了一个时间状语从句：when city lights are kept on all night（由when引导的状语从句说明具体时间）
(2022广东，回答问题)He finds out that those who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day have better sleep and more energy(能量).
步骤：（1）找出句子主干 句子主干：He finds out that…
（2）通过语境和从句的定义，找出从句的种类
①宾语从句：that those…have better sleep and more energy（谓语动词find out的具体内容，是主句He finds out的宾语。）
②定语从句：who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day（修饰先行词those，具体说明什么人have better sleep and more energy，是定语从句。）
例3 (2021广东，阅读理解B篇)When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day， she came up with an idea.
步骤：（1）找出句子主干
句子主干：she came up with an idea
（2）通过语境和从句的定义，找出从句的种类
①状语从句：When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food（when引导的从句说明谓语动词came up的时间，是时间状语从句。）
②定语从句：that was not eaten at all every day（that引导的从句修饰先行词food，具体说明是每天一点都没被吃过的食物，是定语从句。）
巩固提升
一、请用下划线画出下列句子的主干。
1.When you are out in the heat next time， just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind.(2023广东，阅读理解A篇)
2.Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.(2023广东，阅读理解B篇)
3.As your brain connects things,it turns them into a story， and then you get a dream.(2023广东，回答问题)
.How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？ (2022广东，阅读理解B篇)
5.The samples have helped scientists learn how plants live in extreme(极端的)conditions.(2022广东，阅读理解B篇)
6.They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day.(2022广东，回答问题)
二、阅读训练
You may receive lots of gifts on your birthday.But have you ever thought about giving your birthday gifts to people in need？ Kyle Breeden， a 12-year-old boy from Maryland， the USA， has done that ever since he was six years old.On November 19th every year， Kyle invites his friends to his birthday celebration.He asks each friend to bring a new toy to donate (捐赠) to Toys for Tots (“向孩童捐赠玩具”).
Toys for Tots is a project which gives out toys to children whose parents cannot usually buy them toys.Kyle has donated more than 2，000 toys to the project.And he plans to continue collecting toys for other kids for years to come.
When Kyle was five， he asked his parents how he could help others.Kyle’s parents were excited to hear that and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots.From then on， he has looked forward to his birthday， but only to get toys.Then he collects the toys and goes to the Toys for Tots celebrations to donate them.
ohn Minadakis， who hosted a Toys for Tots celebration， said that he had never seen someone give so much at such a young age.He believed the ability to put others before himself could take the boy far in life.
Kyle feels good when he helps others.He hopes that through his example， other kids will be inspired to give back.“Many people around my age don’t have toys to play with.I want to do something，” Kyle said.“Even the smallest toy can make a kid’s day.”
(一)根据文章内容完成下列各题
( )1.When is Kyle’s birthday？
A.On December 19th. B.On November 12th.
C.On November 19th.　 D.On December 12th.
( )2.Kyle’s parents helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots when
he was _______.
A.12 years old　　 B.8 years old　　　C.6 years old D.5 years old
( )3.What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean in
English？
Improved. B.Encouraged. C.Introduced.　 D.Proved.
( )4.What can we infer from the passage？
A.Kyle plans to buy some toys to donate to Toys for Tots.
B.John Minadakis highly praised Kyle for his kind action.
C.A kid cannot spend a day happily without the smallest toy.
D.Kyle’s parents didn’t want him to donate his toys.
( )5.What’s the best title for the passage？
A.Giving Birthday Gifts to Others
B.Toys for Tots Celebrations
C.Toys are Important to Kids
D.A Birthday Celebration
(二)长难句分析
John Minadakis (约翰·米纳达基斯)， who hosted a Toys for Tots celebration， said that he had never seen someone give so much at such a young age.
1.找出以上句子中的2个从句。
(1)　 　，属于　 　从句。
(2) ，
属于　 　从句。
2.翻译：
_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
配对阅读
( )1.Cathy is going to take the big exam.She is so stressed because it can influence her future.The biggest problem now is how she can prepare for the exam.
( )2.Jenny’s best friend got angry with her because she didn’t let her copy in the exam.They haven’t talked to each other for several days.She wonders what she can do.
( )3.Andy is unhappy because her parents always compare her with other children.She knows they hope she can be better,but they never care about her feelings.
( )4.Luke hears that he has to choose courses after entering senior high school.That makes him really worried.How can he make a good choice？
( )5.Anna sometimes feels life is so boring without anything interesting.There’s endless homework to do.She doesn’t think study is the only thing students should do.
A.Teenagers should learn to make early decisions about careers(职业)and life.First of all,ask yourself what you really like and want to be.Then choose the subjects that help you achieve your dream.
B.I agree with you.Life should be colorful.You should learn to manage your time and balance your study and hobbies.Try to spare some time to do the things you are interested in.
C.As a ninth-grader,you should keep cool and make good use of your time.The first thing is to list everything you are not sure about and ask your teacher for help.
D.It’s normal to have problems with friends.Why not invite her to see a movie which she likes？It’s a good chance to communicate with each other.
E.Being a good kid is so hard sometimes.You should let your mom and dad know how you feel.And tell them that you also want to do better and are always trying your best.
F.Everything you are learning decides your future.Do lots of exercise and keep healthy.It helps you to be more active.
G.Tell your parents that other kids are similar to you.They play computer games,too.And they make fun of others sometimes.They are not the best.
参考答案：
一、
1.just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind
2.Scientific research shows
3.it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream
4.How can I turn my adventures into something
5.The samples have helped scientists learn
6.They made it a rule
二、A.(一)1~5　CDBBA
(二)1.(1)who hosted a Toys for Tots celebration, 定语
(2)that he had never seen someone give so much at such a young age, 宾语
2.约翰·米纳达基斯主持了“向孩童捐赠玩具”的庆祝活动,他说他从来没有见过有人在这么小的年纪就付出这么多。
B.1~5CDEAB
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