(共34张PPT)
Unit 3 高频词汇精讲
高频词汇精讲
Ways We Destroy Nature我们破坏自然的方式 (教材P50)
情景导学
With the rising price of minerals, some criminals destroy natural resources in search of profit.随
着矿物价格的上涨,一些犯罪分子为了牟利而破坏自然资源。
词汇拓展
destruction n.破坏,毁灭
cause/bring destruction to...对……造成毁灭;给……带来破坏
1 | destroy vt.破坏;毁掉
词汇
damage 多指造成轻度损坏,所造成的损坏一般是可修复的
ruin 多指自然因素对建筑物、动植物、城镇等造成严重破坏,破坏的后果往往是事物丧失价值;也可用于指使假期、希望、梦想、前程等美好的事物尽毁或严重危害健康等
destroy 指彻底毁坏以致不能修复或不复存在,毁坏的后果往往是事物丧失功能,也可指使希望、计划等落空
易混辨析
The rainstorm has damaged many houses.暴风雨毁坏了许多房屋。
All the crops were ruined by the flood.所有的农作物都被洪水毁了。
The strikers destroyed all the machines,so the production had to be stopped.罢工者毁坏了所有
的机器,因此生产不得不停止。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.你毁掉了我(得到)幸福的希望。
用法归纳
①switch /on关上/打开(电器)
②switch over换频道;转变
③switch...(from...) to...使……(从……)转变到……
④make a switch进行改变
⑤on and off switch
off
开关
2 | switch vi.& vt.转换;改变 n.开关;转变
用法归纳
①hunt sth.搜寻/搜索某物
②hunt for sb.=hunt down sb.追踪/追捕某人
③a/the hunt 寻找……
词汇拓展
①hunting n.狩猎运动;打猎
go hunting去打猎
②hunter n.猎人
for
for
3 | hunt vt.& vi.打猎;猎杀,猎取 vi.搜寻 n.狩猎;搜寻
Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happen-ing is cause for concern.虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见,但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。(教材P52)
情景导学
To our sadness, many old customs are gradually dying out.让我们伤心的是,许多旧习俗在渐渐消失。
词汇拓展
①die v.死亡;消亡,灭亡
die from/of 死于……
die away逐渐减弱;逐渐模糊;逐渐消失
4 | die out灭绝,绝迹;消失
词汇
be dying for sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事
die off相继死去,先后死去
die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息;逐渐暗淡
Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it.每年,全世
界有数百万人感染霍乱,许多人死于此。 (人教选择性必修二)
I’m dying for a breath of fresh air.我真想呼吸一下新鲜空气。
②death n.死;死亡;生命的终止;毁灭
frighten sb. to death把某人吓得要死
③dying adj.临终的;临死的;垂死的
用法归纳
①wipe 全部摧毁;彻底消灭
②wipe (用湿布)彻底揩擦干净
③wipe... /off...从……擦去……
④wipe away消失;抹去
out
down
from
5 | wipe vt.擦;拭;擦干净;消除
用法归纳
①It is unusual (for sb.) sth.(对某人来说)做某事是不寻常的。
②It is unusual that...……是不寻常的。
③unusual circumstances
特别提醒
un-是常见的否定前缀,其后常跟形容词表示与该形容词相反的状态。常见的词有unknown
未知的、unsafe不安全的、unpleasant使人不愉快的、unhappy不高兴的等。
to do
特殊情况
6 | unusual adj.异常的;不平常的
词汇拓展
①unusually adv.非常;不寻常地
②usual adj.通常的;寻常的;惯常的
as usual照例;照旧;像往常一样
One evening I went to the park to refresh myself as usual.一天晚上,我像往常一样去公园恢
复精神。
③usually adv.通常地
用法归纳
①mass还可用作名词,表示“大量,许多;团,块,堆;一群”。
② mass of大量;许多;一堆
③ of 大量;许多
④the mass of大多数;多数
⑤in mass总体;作为整体
⑥the 群众,平民百姓
⑦mass production批量生产
⑧mass market大众市场
⑨the mass media
a
masses
masses
大众传媒
7 | mass adj.大量的;大批的;广泛的
a mass of/masses of后可跟可数名词复数,也可跟不可数名词。“a mass of/masses of+n.”作
主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面名词的数保持一致。
There is a mass of work for this employee to do.这个雇员有一大堆的工作要做。
There were masses of children playing in the yard.院子里有很多孩子在玩耍。
词汇拓展
massive adj.大量的;巨大的;大而重的;结实的;非常严重的
He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their rela-
tionship to single-use plastic products.他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑,迫使看到雕塑的人
重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。
特别提醒
The reasons for extinctions are varied.(物种)灭绝的原因多种多样。 (教材P52)
词汇拓展
①vary vi.(根据情况)变化,改变;(大小、形状等)相异,不同
vary with...随……而变化
vary in...在……方面不同/有差异
vary from...to...从……到……不等/不同
②variety n.不同种类
a variety of/varieties of各种各样的
8 | varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的
词汇
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时,天空和陆地上满是种类多得惊人的野生动物。
③various adj.各种各样的
It is clear that various ways to learn English beyond the classroom are available to students.
很明显,学生在课堂之外有各种各样学习英语的方法。
The demand for corn is on the decrease each year in this country.这个国家对玉米的需求量在
逐年减少。
用法归纳
①decrease ...减少了……(表示减少的量)
②decrease ...减少到……(表示减少后的量)
③a/the decrease ...在……方面减少
④ the decrease在减少
词汇拓展
increase v.& n.增长,增多,增加
increase to...增加到……(表示增加后的量)
increase by...增加了……(表示增加的量)
on the increase在增加
by
to
in
on
9 | decrease n.减少;减少的量 vi.& vt.减少
词汇
用法归纳
①blame sb. (doing) sth.因(做)某事责备某人
②blame sth. sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
③ blame for (doing) sth.因(做)某事应受责备;对(做)某事负有责任(不定式用主动形
式表示被动意义)
④ /bear the blame for sth.承担某事的责任
⑤lay/ the blame for sth. on...把某事归咎于……
for
on
be to
take
put
10 | blame vt.责怪,指责;把……归咎于 n.责任;责备
词汇
用法归纳
affect除了表示“影响”外,还表示“ ;使感染;(感情上) ;使悲伤(或怜悯等)”。
词汇拓展
①affection n.喜爱,钟爱
have/show affection for sb./sth.钟爱某人或某物
②effect n.效应;影响;结果
greenhouse effect 温室效应
However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.然而,“人为
制造的”温室效应现在已经成为一个大问题。
侵袭
深深打动
11 | affect vt.影响
词汇
Of course, as we humans depend on so many species for our survival, we would also be at risk
of dying out.当然,由于我们人类的生存依赖如此多的物种,我们也会面临灭绝的危险。
(教材P53)
词汇拓展
①risk n.危险;风险 v.使……冒风险(或面临危险);冒险做;(明知结果而)大胆做
at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的风险
run a/the risk (of sth./of doing sth.)冒着(做某事的)风险
take a risk/risks to do sth.冒险做某事
12 | be at risk处境危险,受到威胁
词汇
reduce/cut/lower the risk of (doing) sth.减少(做)某事的危险
at risk to oneself/sb./sth.冒伤及……的危险
do sth. at your own risk(常见于告示)自担风险;责任自负
risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one’s life to do sth.某人冒生命危险去做某事
At the risk of being punished, these men dug holes at night in the fields.冒着被惩罚的风险,
这些人晚上在地里挖洞。
Don’t you think you are running a risk by doing such a thing without any permission 你不认
为你在未经允许的情况下做这样的事是在冒险吗
It’s not necessary to run the risk of hurting yourself while climbing the high mountain.爬高
山时不必冒着使自己受伤的风险。
As we all know, it can reduce the risk of contracting the virus.我们都知道,它可以降低感染
病毒的风险。
I realised I couldn’t leave to get help, or risk sending anyone else.我意识到我不能离开去寻
求帮助,也不能冒险派其他任何人去。 (读后续写—心理描写)
②risky adj.冒险的,有危险的
用法归纳
①set out ...动身前往……
②set out sth.开始做某事
③set out on...出发去做……
词汇拓展
set off 动身,出发;引发;使爆炸
set aside把……放到一旁;留出(钱或时间)
set about开始做,着手做
set up 建立;设立;设置;安装好;安排
set down 写下;记下;登记
set back 耽误,使延误
set a good example for sb.为某人树立一个好榜样
for
to do
13 | set out开始做某事,着手进行;出发
用法归纳
①be anxious sth.担心某事或某物
②be anxious for sb.为某人担心
③be anxious sth.渴望得到某物
④be anxious (for sb.) sth.渴望(某人)做某事
⑤be anxious that...渴望/非常希望……(从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,
其中should可以省略)
about
for
to do
14 | anxious adj.焦虑的;不安的;渴望的
词汇拓展
①anxiety n.忧虑;焦虑;渴望
with anxiety焦急地
without anxiety无忧无虑
He was waiting for his brother’s return with anxiety.他焦急地等着哥哥归来。
②anxiously adv.忧虑地;不安地
Perhaps there were his parents and brothers and sisters waiting for him anxiously.也许他的
父母和兄弟姐妹在焦急地等着他。
用法归纳
①be annoyed sb.生某人的气
②be annoyed /about sth.因某事生气
③be annoyed sth.因做某事而恼火
④be annoyed that...恼怒的是……
with
at
to do
15 | annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的(表示人自身的感受)
词汇拓展
①annoy vt.使生气,使恼怒;打扰
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.你使用筷子
的方式很重要,以避免惹恼你的同伴。
②annoying adj.使生气的;讨厌的(修饰事物)
③annoyance n.[U]恼怒,烦恼;[C]使人烦恼的事
to sb.’s annoyance让某人生气的是
Much to my annoyance, the hotel didn’t accept our reservation.让我非常恼怒的是,宾馆没
有接受我们的预订。 (读后续写—心理描写)
用法归纳
①relate 涉及,与……相关;谈到;能够理解并同情;了解;体恤
②relate...to...
③relate sth. ( sb.)(向某人)讲述某事
词汇拓展
①related adj.相关的,有联系的
be related to与……有关
a related issue/question相关的议题/问题
to
把……和……联系起来
to
16 | relate v.相联系;有关联;使有联系;讲述
Light industry is closely related to agriculture.轻工业和农业密切相关。
②relation n.(用复数)(人、团体、国家之间的)关系,联系,交往;[U,C](事物之间的)关系,关
联,联系
in relation to关于;与……相比
relations with...和……的关系
relations/the relation between A and B A和B之间的关系
Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!定期锻炼还能将患心脏病的风险
降低50%! (教材P59)
情景导学
We will become more adept at deploying our military forces on a regular basis and in diversi-
fied ways.我们将更加善于定期、多元化地部署军队。
17 | regular adj.定期的,有规律的;频繁的;通常的,平常的
词汇
用法归纳
①take regular exercise定期锻炼
②on a regular basis
定期地
词汇拓展
①regularly adv.定期地;经常
Eating out regularly seems to have become common for many young people in recent years.
近几年定期在外面吃饭对许多年轻人来说似乎已经变得常见。
②irregular adj.无规律的
③irregularly adv.不规律地
用法归纳
①suit sb.’s needs/taste=suit the /taste of sb.满足某人的需要/适合某人的口味
②suit sth. sth./sb.使某物适合(或适应)某物/某人
③suit sb. (fine)(很)合某人的意;对某人来说(很)合适
词汇拓展
①suitable adj.合适的,适宜的
be suitable for...适合……
be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
②suited adj.合适,适宜,适当
be suited for/to...适合……
③unsuitable adj.不合适的
needs
to
18 | suit v.适合;满足……需要;对……方便;合……心意;适宜 n.套装;西服
易混辨析
suit 多指衣服的颜色、款式等适合;还可指事物合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等
fit 多指衣服、鞋子等在尺寸、款式等方面的合适, 通常意为“合身,适合”
match 多指两个物体在大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很搭配,显得很协调
This style of dress suits you well.这种款式的连衣裙很适合你。
It is important that children’s shoes fit correctly.孩子们的鞋正合脚是重要的。
The colour of the shirt does not match that of the tie.衬衫的颜色与领带的颜色不相配。
用法归纳
①involve sb. ...使某人参与到……中;把某人牵涉(或牵扯)到……中
②involve(sb.) sth.包含/需要(某人)做某事
③involve sb. in (doing) sth.使某人加入(做)某事
词汇拓展
①involved adj.参与;有关联;关注;关系密切;复杂难解的
be/get/become involved in...参与……;卷入……;与……有关
be involved in/with...关注……
in
doing
19 | involve vt.包含,需要;涉及;使参与
be involved with...与……关系密切
Apart from studying hard, I’ve been involved in social activities.除了努力学习之外,我还参
加社交活动。
Many factors involved in this matter have been ruled out.与此事有关的许多因素已经被排
除了。
②involvement n.参与;加入;插手;投入
用法归纳
①claim sth.声称/主张做某事
②make a claim 要求……
③ a claim声称
④claim that...声称……
to do
for
with
20 | claim vt.声称;断言;主张 n.声称;(根据权力而提出的)要求