(共97张PPT)
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet
Section A (1a-1c)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
treasure ; island; fantastic; right now; borrow sth. from sb.; classic; happen to sb.
Key sentences:
1. We're reading a book called Treasure Island.
2. Have you finished the reader yet
3. I haven't read it yet.
To talk about recent events and experiences.
Look and say
Have you ever heard of these classics
Can you call out their Chinese names
Warming up
classic n. 经典名著
爱丽丝梦游仙境
金银岛
鲁滨逊漂流记
Look and say
小妇人
雾都孤儿
汤姆索亚历险记
Have you ever read them
Can you say any key words about these stories
key words books
a rabbit ; a girl
four women
a boy ;
a boy ; his friends
a man ; island
a boy ; London
Alice in Wonderland
Little Women
Treasure Island
Tom Sawyer
Robinson Crusoe
Oliver Twist
island ; treasure
Lead in
Background
Little Women
小妇人
—Have you read Little Women
—Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
“助动词have/has + 过去分词”为现在完成时态
Little Women (1868)
《小妇人》是美国女作家奥尔科特最为著名的文学作品。作者以写实的手法描绘了19世纪中叶一家四姐妹在美国一个新英格兰小镇上成长的生动画卷，是第一部描写美国家庭生活的写实儿童小说。奥尔科特在书中对四位小姐妹真实和动情的描写激励了一代又一代的读者。
Treasure Island
金银岛
Have you read…
n. 财宝；财富
n. 岛
Treasure Island(1883)
《金银岛》是英国浪漫主义代表作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森的一部著名长篇小说。它描写了敢作敢为、机智活泼的少年吉姆·霍金斯发现了一张寻宝图以及他如何智斗海盗，历经千辛万苦，终于找到宝藏，胜利而归的冒险故事。作者在作品中将勇敢机智的吉姆和阴险狡诈的海盗等人物刻画得栩栩如生，为后来大量以发掘宝藏为题材的小说开了先河。
Oliver Twist
雾都孤儿
Have you read …
Oliver Twist(1838)
《雾都孤儿》是英国19世纪小说家狄更斯的一部动人的社会小说。它通过孤儿奥利佛的遭遇揭示了处于社会底层的人们的哀苦无告的生活画面。奥利佛在济贫院不堪忍受屈辱与饥饿，逃往伦敦，反又陷入贼窟，最后被“有德行的”资本家挽救出来。
Robinson Crusoe
鲁滨逊漂流记
Have you read …
Robinson Crusoe(1719)
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国小说家丹尼尔·笛福的代表作，故事取材于英格兰水手塞尔科克被弃荒岛数年的经历，描写了主人公鲁滨逊在荒岛上生活二十八年的经历，歌颂了劳动，礼赞了人对自然的斗争。
Alice in Wonderland
爱丽丝梦游仙境
Have you read …
Alice in Wonderland(1865)
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是英国19世纪作家查尔斯·路德维希·道奇森以笔名刘易斯·卡罗尔出版的代表作。故事讲述了一个名叫爱丽丝的小姑娘在睡梦中漫游仙境的奇妙经历。作者根据儿童的心理，描绘出奇幻的梦中世界，看似荒诞，仔细回味则寓意深远，而且对世道人情微讽轻嘲，幽默风趣，表现了作者的独特风格。
The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer
汤姆·索亚历险记
Have you read …
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer(1876)
《汤姆·索亚历险记》是19世纪美国杰出的幽默讽刺作家马克·吐温具有代表性的小说作品。这是一部以密西西比河上某小镇为背景的读物。故事描写淘气的汤姆和她的伙伴哈克贝里·费恩以及汤姆喜欢的女孩贝姬·撒切尔的许多故事。课本上为了学习方便，把书名简写为Tom Sawyer。
What do you think of these books
Which is your favorite story
What can you learn from them
Free talk
exciting ,wonderful,
fantastic, interesting ,
educational, great,
boring ,terrible,
meaningless...
Treasure Island
Alice in Wonderland
Oliver Twist
Little Women
Robinson Crusoe
Tom Sawyer…
Pre-listening
1a
Have you heard of these books Check(√) the ones you know.
_______ Alice in Wonderland _______ Little Women
_______ Treasure Island _______ Oliver Twist
_______ Robinson Crusoe _______ Tom Sawyer
What about you
Now match the pictures with the books.
_______ Alice in Wonderland
_______ Little Women
_______ Treasure Island
_______ Oliver Twist
_______ Robinson Crusoe
_______ Tom Sawyer
1
3
1
6
4
5
2
2
3
5
4
6
Listen and complete the chart.
1b
While-listening
Book title Name Have they read it What do they think of it
Nick
Judy
Sandy
Alan
Kate
Harry
Treasure
Island
No
Yes
It's really exciting.
Robinson
Crusoe
Yes
No
It's wonderful.
Little
Women
No
Yes
It's fantastic.
Listen and read.
Conversation 1
Nick：Hey, Judy, how was English class
Judy：Hey, Nick. It was a good class today. I enjoyed it.
Nick：What's your class reading right now
Judy：We're reading a book called Treasure Island.
Nick：How is it I haven't read it yet.
Judy：It's really exciting.
yet 还，仍然
Conversation 2
Alan： Sandy, have you finished the reader yet
Sandy：What reader, Alan
Alan： Robinson Crusoe. Ms. Butler told us to finish it this week, remember
Sandy：Oh, no! I’ve not read it yet.
Alan： Well, I just finished reading it last night.
Sandy：How is it Is it boring
Alan： No, I love it. It's wonderful.
Conversation 3
Kate： Have you read Little Women yet, Harry
Harry：No, I haven't. Have you, Kate
Kate： Yes. I've already read it.
Harry：What's it like
Kate： It's fantastic.
Harry：Can I borrow it from you
Kate： Sure.
already 已经
Let's watch a video !
Post-listening
1c
Practice the conversation. Then talk about the other books in 1a.
A: Have you read Little Women yet
B: No, I haven't. Have you
A: Yes, I've already read it.
B: What's it like
A: It's fantastic.
它怎么样？
—Have you read yet
—Yes, I have.I have already read it.
/No, I haven't.
—What's it like
—It is .
exciting ,wonderful,
fantastic, interesting,
educational, great,
boring ,terrible,
meaningless...
Treasure Island
Alice in Wonderland
Oliver Twist
Little Women
Robinson Crusoe
Tom Sawyer…
PAIR WORK
A: Have you read Alice in Wonderland yet
B: No, I haven't. Have you
A: Yes, I've already read it.
B: How is it
A: It's wonderful.
Sample
I have already read ______________.
I think it is _________. ________ has already read ___________. He / She thinks it is _______. ________ has already read _________. He / She thinks it is ___________. ________ hasn't read __________ yet.
Do a survey and give a report.
Group work
Language points
1. Have you ever read Little Women yet
本句是现在完成时的一般疑问句式。
现在完成时肯定句：have/has +过去分词
否定句：have/has not +过去分词
一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+ 过去分词+...
e. g. I have finished reading the book.
Have you finished reading the book
yet/already 常用于现在完成时
already一般用于 句中, have/has 之后,表示“已经”。
肯定句
yet常用于 或 的句末。
一般疑问句
否定句
用于疑问句中时，意为“已经”；用于否定句中时，意为“还”。
Summary
III.10.already用于肯定句;yet用于否定句和疑问句句末。
I. 1.Treasure Island 2.Little Women
3.Alice in Wonderland 4.Tom Sawyer
5.Robinson Crusoe 6.Oliver Twist
II.7.—Have you read Little Women yet？
—Yes , I have./ No, I haven't.
8.—Has he read it
—Yes, he has./No, he hasn't.
9.—What's it like
—It's fantastic.
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section A (2a-2d)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
full of; classic; page; hurry; hurry up; due; full of; hppen to sb.; go out to sea; put...down; on page...; at least.
Key sentences:
1. Have you at least read the back of the book to see what it's about
2. Have you decided yet which book to write about for English class
3. I chose Treasure Island, but I haven't finished reading it yet.
4. The book report is due in two weeks.
To Learn the Present Perfect Tense.
Free talk
Do you often read English books
What classic books have you read
What's it about
And what's it like
The more you read, the more healthy and brave your spirit will be.
读书愈多，精神就愈健壮而勇敢。
remember
While-listening
2a
Listen. Who has read these books Circle the names.
1. Treasure Island Mark / Tina
2. Oliver Twist Mark / Tina
3. Robinson Crusoe Mark / Tina
4. Tom Sawyer Mark / Tina
1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
2. Robinson Crusoe is a classic.
3. Tina thinks that Treasure Island is a fantastic book.
4. Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom.
满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的
n. 经典作品；名著
定语从句，修饰boy（先行词）
定语从句，修饰boy（先行词）
Read the following sentences and understand them.
adj. 典型的；经典的
2b
Listen again and write T for true and F for false.
1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
2. Robinson Crusoe is a classic.
3. Tina thinks that Treasure Island is a fantastic book.
4. Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom.
F
T
T
F
Listen and read.
Tina： Hi, Mark.
Mark：Hey there, Tina. What's up
Tina： I'm reading this fantastic book.
Mark：What is it
Tina： Treasure Island. Have you read it yet
Mark：No, I haven't. What's it about
Tina： It's about this boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures. What are you reading right now
：2a相关
：2b相关
：常用表达
Mark：I've just finished Oliver Twist and Robinson Crusoe..
Tina： Oh, yeah. I've already read both of them. They're classics. We had to study Robinson Crusoe last term.
Mark：So what are you studying this term
Tina： Tom Sawyer. It's a story about a boy who lives in the United States. Many exciting things happen to him.
Mark：Sounds interesting. I'll have to read it.
Post-listening
2c
Use the information in 2a and 2b to talk about the books.
A: Has Tina read Treasure Island
B: Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
A: What's it about
B: It's about …
它是关于什么的？
Treasure Island:
the boy found a treasure map;
the boy encountered pirates;
the pirates planned a mutiny（暴动）
Tom Sawyer:
the boy was an orphan;
the boy lived on the banks of the Mississippi River;
the boy had a good friend named Huckleberry Finn
Some background knowledge:
Book Report
In English-speaking countries, students are often asked to read some books and write book reports. A book report, or a book summary, is essentially an analysis of the contents of a book. It shows that you fully understand the book. Your book report should be informative and objective.
Role-play the conversation.
2d
Amy: Steve, have you decided yet which book to write about for English class
Steve: Yes, Little Women. I've already finished reading it!
Amy: Wow, you're fast! What's it about
Steve: It's about four sisters growing up. It was really good, so I couldn't put it down. Which book did you choose
我对它爱不释手。put down 意为“放下”。
我已经读完了！
你是否已经决定英语课写哪本书了？
Amy: I chose Treasure Island, but I haven't
finished reading it yet. I'm only on page 25.
Steve: Have you at least read the back of the book
to see what it's about
Amy: Yes, I have. It looks interesting.
Steve: You should hurry up. The book report is
due in two weeks.
Amy: Yes, I know. I'll read quickly.
on page + 数词，表示“在第几页”
page n.（书刊或纸张的）页，面，张
赶快；急忙（做某事）hurry v.匆忙；赶快
adj. 预期；预定
我还没有读完。
两周后“in+一段时间”意为“在……(时间)后”, 常与将来时连用。
至少
v. 弄清，了解
Read the conversation in 2d and answer the questions.
1.Which books have Amy and Steve chosen to write about
2.Has Steve finished reading his book yet What's the book about What does he think of the book
3.Has Amy finished reading her book yet How many pages has she already read What's it like
4.When do they have to hand in the book report
1.Which books have Amy and Steve chosen to write about
Amy chose Treasure Island. Steve chose Little Women.
2.Has Steve finished reading his book yet What's the book about What does he think of the book
Yes.he has.It's about four sisters growing up. He thinks it's really good.
3.Has Amy finished reading her book yet How many pages has she already read What's it like
No, she hasn't.She has already read 25 pages.
4.When do they have to hand in the book report
They have to hand in the book report in two weeks.
Let's practice
Make eye contact.
Express interest in what other person is saying.
If you are not familiar with the subject matter, just ask questions.
Feel confident and do not hesitate to take part in a conversation.
Enjoy the conversation.
Role-play in groups of four.
Some tips:
Let's watch the video.
Language points
1. Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
full of 在此处作后置定语，修饰 island。be full of 意为“充满……”，相当于 be filled with。
She received a basket full of flowers.
If you read a lot, your life will be full of pleasure.
full of 满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的
treasure 作“珠宝；财富”讲时为不可数名词。作“贵重物品；珍品”讲时是可数名词，经常用复数。
We shall take the buried treasure away to a safe place.
The gallery has priceless art treasures.
【拓展延伸】treasure 的其他用法：
treasure
动词，意为“珍惜；珍视”
I treasure his friendship.
treasure n. 珠宝；财富；贵重物品；珍品
2. You should hurry up.
hurry up 常用在口语中，用来催促别人。其中，hurry 作不及物动词，意为“匆忙；赶快”。
Hurry up, or you will miss the flight. There is little time left.
hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）
3. The book report is due in two weeks.
due 作形容词，通常用作表语，后面引出预期的时间、地点等。be due to do sth. 表示“预计做某事；预定要做某事”。
When is the baby due 孩子什么时候出生？
Rose is due to start school in January.罗斯预定一月份开始上学。
【拓展延伸】due to 意为“因为，由于”，相当于 because of，但due to一般不置于句首, because of 可以。
He was absent from work due to/because of illness.
due adj. 预期；预定
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section A (3a-3c)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
ship; tool; gun; mark; sand; cannibal; towards; land; based on; lose one's life; bring back; leave behind.
Key sentences:
1. But I've found the ship and made a small boat.
2. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life.
3. How long have they been here
To learn the story of Robinson Crusoe.
Free talk
Have you ever heard of the story of Robinson Crusoe
What do you think of it
Background
《鲁滨逊漂流记》由英国作家丹尼尔·笛福所著。它是一部家喻户晓的现实主义回忆录式冒险小说。作者受一个苏格兰水手海上遇险的经历启发写成的。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是一部流传很广，影响很大的文学名著。它表现了强烈的资产阶级进取精神和启蒙意识。作者用生动逼真的细节把虚构的情景写得使人如同身临其境，使故事具有强烈的真实感。小说主人公鲁滨逊也成为欧洲文学史上一个很著名的文学形象。
小说分三部分：第一部分写鲁滨逊初出茅庐，最初三次航海的经过及其在巴西经营种植园的情况；第二部分详细描述了主人公流落荒岛，独居28年的种种情景；第三部分简要交代了鲁滨逊回国后的命运及这个海岛未来的发展趋向。
Background
Lead in
Let's watch the video.
What's this video about
The story of Robinson Crusoe.
Who's the main character
Robinson Crusoe, who had a ship wreck and was isolated on a deserted island.
Can you imagine his life on the island What could he do to protect himself
Pre-reading
Let's test – How much do you know about Robinson Crusoe
1. Robinson Crusoe (______________) is a western classic.
2. It is written by ____________.
3. It mainly tells about his life on the ________(a piece of land in the middle of the sea).
4. He used _____ to shoot birds for food and ______ to cut things.
5. Then one day, he found some _________ of another man's feet on the sand. Something has changed from that day on.
Daniel Defoe
marks
guns
knives
island
鲁滨逊漂流记
3a
While-reading
Read the passage based on Robinson Crusoe. Then answer the questions.
When I first arrived on this island,I had nothing. But I've found the ship and made a small boat. I've brought back many things I can use — food and drink, tools, knives and guns. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship. I have already cut down trees and built a house. I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. I'm even learning to grow fruit and vegetables.
放弃
等待
砍倒
带回
外出
定语从句，修饰 things
A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man's feet on the sand. Who else is on my island How long have they been here Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. One of them died but the other ran towards my house. I helped him kill the cannibals. This man now lives with me and helps me. I named him Friday because that was the day I met him. He is smart and I have already taught him some English.
在沙滩上
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
One... , the other...
prep. 朝着
定语从句，修饰the day
1. What does Robinson Crusoe wait for
He waits for another ship.
2. Why does Robinson Crusoe call the man Friday
Because Robinson Crusoe meets him on a Friday.
Summarize the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1:
How Robinson survived on the island.
Para. 2:
It turned out that Robinson was not alone on the island. He saved another man from the cannibals and named him Friday.
survive v. 幸存；存活
Para. 1:
How Robinson survived on the island.
What problems did Robinson have and how did he solve them
Problems Solution
He had no boat.
He had no house to live in.
He had no food.
He found a ship and made a boat.
He cut down trees and built a house.
He used the gun to kill animals and birds. He even learnt to grow fruit and vegetables.
Para.2:
It turned out that Robinson was not alone on the island. He saved another man from the cannibals and named him Friday.
True or False
1. Robinson found the marks of another man's feet on the tree.
2. Robinson saw some robots trying to kill two men.
3. One of the two men died and the other ran towards his house.
4. Robinson named the man Friday because he liked Friday best.
5. Friday is stupid and he hasn't learned any English.
T
F
F
F
F
sand
cannibals
that was the day they met
smart
has
some
3b
Read the passage again. Find words that have these meanings.
1. You can use these to shoot things: ____________________
2. Something you use to travel in the sea: _______________
3. A piece of land in the middle of the sea: ______________
4. You can use these to cut things: ____________________
5. Signs left behind by someone or something: __________
n. 陆地；大地
guns
ship
island
knives
marks
3c
Correct the sentences.
1. Robinson Crusoe arrived on the island with enough food and drink.
2. Friday made a small boat.
3. Robinson had some food and tools when he first arrived on the island.
4. Robinson used the ship to build his house.
5. Friday saw some marks of another man's feet on the beach.
6. Robinson tried to kill the two men.
nothing
Robinson
nothing
cut down trees
Robinson
some cannibals
But I've found the ship and made a small boat.
I've brought back many things I can use — food and drink, tools, knives and guns.
Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life.
I have already cut down trees and built a house.
How long have they been here
He is smart and I have already taught him some English.
Sentences using the Present Perfect in the text.
Think:
1.What are the verb forms in common
have(has) + 过去分词
2.When do we use this tense in writing
说明过去的动作对现在的影响或结果。
Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
When he first _______ on this island, he had _________. But he has _________ the ship and _________ a small boat. He's _________ back many things he can use—food and drink, ________, knives and _________. Although he has_________ everything, he has not lost his __________. So he will not ________ and he will wait for _________ ship. He ________ already ________ down trees and _________ a house. He goes out ______ his gun __________ every day to kill animals and birds for food. He's even learning to _________ fruit and vegetables.
arrived
nothing
found
made
brought
tools
guns
lost
life
give up
another
has
cut
made
with
almost
grow
A few weeks ago, he found the __________of another man's feet on the _________.Not long after that, he saw some ___________trying to kill two men from a __________ ship._______ ________ them died but the other ran _________ his house. He saved the man and ________ him Friday because that was the day he ______ him.
marks
sand
cannibals
broken
One
of
towards
named
met
Language points
1. A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man's feet on the sand.
She worked hard and got a good mark.(n. 分数)
Our Chinese teacher marked the exam papers into deep night.(v. 打分)
mark n. 迹象；记号；分数 v. 做记号；打分
2. Who else is on my island
【易混辨析】else 与 other
else 副词 修饰疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词、不定副词，置于这些词之后。 We had nothing else to do on those long trips.
other 形容词 修饰名词，置于名词之前。 He had to accept it; there was no other way.
else adv. 其他的；另外的
towards 在美式英语中也常写作toward。表示动作朝向，强调方向。 I saw her walking towards the bank.
to 一般位于come，go，move等动词后，强调目的地。 We go to school by bus.
3. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.
towards prep. 朝；向；对着
【易混辨析】towards 与 to
one … the other… 一个……另一个……
one … the other … 意为“一个……另一个……”，表示特定范围内两个事物的不同情况。one 和 the other 既可单独作主语，也可修饰可数名词。
We have two ways to solve this problem. One is talking with them face to face, and the other is writing a letter to them.
One girl was singing, and the other girl was dancing to the song.
Summary
初到岛上（Para. 1）
found the ship and made a small boat
brought back many things
cut down trees and built a house
go out to kill animals and birds for food
learn to grow fruit and vegetables
found the marks of another man's feet
saw some cannibals trying to kill two men
helped kill the cannibals
named him Friday
taught him some English
救下Friday（Para. 2）
New words
Reading
ship tool gun mark (n. & v.) sand cannibal
towards land
= toward
Robinson Crusoe (Excerpt)
to
Expressions
who else one … the other … bring back on the sand wait for go out see sb. doing sth.
Grammar
熟悉现在完成时
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section A (GF-4c)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
fiction; science fiction; technology; French; think about; can't wait
to do sth.; more than.
Key sentences:
1. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine
what the world will be like in 50 years.
2. She has already read more than 100 different books.
3. What books have you already read
To learn the usage of Pesent Perfect Tense and review other tenses.
Lead in
Let's watch a video !
Grammar Focus
Presentation
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
How is the present perfect tense formed
have/has + 过去分词
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
What adverbs are often used with the present perfect tense
Already and yet.
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
含现在完成时的句子如何构成一般疑问句？
将助动词have/has放在主语之前。
Grammar
现在完成时（一）
一、现在完成时的基本结构
现在完成时由“助动词 have/has + 过去分词”构成，其基本句式结构为：
① 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have seen this film.
② 否定句：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have not seen this film.
③ 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
—Have you seen the film —Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
和主语一致
have not = haven't; has not = hasn't
have/has 常可缩略为 -'ve/-'s
二、过去分词的构成
1. 规则变化（与动词过去式规则一样，此类称作规则动词）
一般在词尾直接加 -ed 以不发音的e结尾的，加 -d 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-ed 重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 -ed
work→worked slice→sliced study→studied stop→stopped
-ed 的读音规则：
① 在元音或浊辅音后读 [d]，如 tried [tra d]，lived [l vd]。
② 在清辅音后读 [t]，如 worked [w kt]，stopped [st pt]。
③ 在[t][d]后读[ d]，如 mended [mend d]，wanted [w nt d]。
2. 不规则变化（此类称作不规则动词，有很多）
原形（不定式） 过去式 过去分词
be was/were been
have had had
choose chose chosen
put put put
run ran run
参看课本P136-137 Irregular Verbs（不规则动词表） 三、现在完成时的用法
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和 just（刚刚），already（已经），yet（还，仍然），ever（曾经），never（从未），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）等连用。
— Have you had your breakfast yet
— Yes, I have. I've just had it.
— Have you ever heard this song
— No. I've never heard it before.
Julia has collected over 100 beautiful hair clips so far.
现在完成时用法1：
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
past
I had breakfast.
I'm not hungry now.
present
I have already had breakfast.
（早餐过去吃的，现在不饿。）
图示法表示
2. 现在完成时还可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用，这时要用延续性动词。
They have worked in this company for 30 years.
He has been in the army since 2016.
（错：He has joined the army since 2016.）
【特别提醒】如果要对 for 或 since 短语提问，疑问词用 how long。
— How long have you lived in this area
— For at least 10 years.
现在完成时用法2：
表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
图示法表示
past
I moved here
in 1990.
I still live here.
present
I have lived here for 30 years.
(30年来一直生活在这里）
四、already 与 yet 在现在完成时中的用法解析
yet 常用于否定句或疑问句句末。用于表示某事尚未发生或某情形尚未出现，或用于询问某事是否已经发生。 He hasn't finished the book yet.
Have you seen him yet
already 常用于肯定句中，用于强调某事已经开始出现；也可用于疑问句中，表示因某事的发生早于预料而感到吃惊。 They have already known each other.
Have you eaten all that food already
五、现在完成时 VS 一般过去时
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
I have already done my homework.（不能用last night等）
I've been to Paris before.（不能用last year等）
2.一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态，与现在无关。可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
I did my homework last night.
When did you go to Paris （when 一定不要和现在完成时连用）
3. 日常对话中通常两种时态配合使用，开始提到一件事做没做或发生过时用现在完成时，说起这件事具体情形时用一般过去时。
— Have you been to Japan
— Yes, I have. I went there last year.
— Who did you go with
— …
4a
Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.
Tip: Find the key words to identify which tense to use.
1. A: Would you like something to drink
B: No, thanks. ________________________. (just / drink some tea)
2. A: I heard you lost your key. _______________________ (find)
B：No, not yet.
I've just drunk some tea
Have you found it yet
3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving
B: ________________________________. (already / leave)
A: When _____________________ (leave)
B: This morning.
4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight
B: No. ___________________________. (already / see the film)
5. A: What do your parents think about our plan
B: I _____________________________. (not / tell them / yet)
He has already left
did he leave
She has already seen the film
have not/haven't told them yet
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Tip: Find the key words to identify which tense to use.
Sally ______(love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She ______ already _______(read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _________(be) like in 50 years.
fiction n. 小说
science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等）
n. 科技；工艺
loves
has
read
will be
She ________ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _________ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she ____________(not read) yet and she can't wait to read them!
finished
will write
hasn't read
n. 法语
can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
4c
Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.
A: What books have you already read
B: I've already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.
A: What do you think of them
B: Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.
你觉得它们如何？
You Your friend Comments
Books I have already read
Movies I have already seen
Songs I have already heard
Thank you!
