(共88张PPT)
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section B (1a-1d)
学习目标
Key words & phrases :
bandage; press; sick; knee; nosebleed; put...in order; have a nosebleed; put a bandage on it; get hit on the head with a baseball bat.
Key sentences:
1. I told her to put her head down and then press the sides of her nose.
2. He cut his knee,so I washed the cut and put some medicine on it.
To learn different treatments when accidents happen.
Read and spell
bandage n. 绷带
v. 用绷带包扎
1. His leg was hurt. Please put a bandage on it .
(n.名词)
2. Do you know how to bandage an injured arm
(v.动词)
New Words
press v. 压；挤；按
Could you please press that button for me
New Words
Read and spell
sick adj. 生病的；有病的
1. What should I do if I feel sick
2. Can you take care of the sick baby for a while
New Words
Read and spell
knee n. 膝盖
I hurt my knee running yesterday.
New Words
Read and spell
nosebleed
n.鼻出血
When my son had a nosebleed, I was scared to death.
New Words
Read and spell
Useful expressions
1. rest for a few days
2. put a bandage on it
3. run it under water
4. put some medicine on it
5. press the sides of your nose
6. put your head down
缠上绷带
捏住鼻子两翼
把头低下
休息几天
用水冲洗
敷药
Useful expressions
7. feel sick
8. cut one's knee
9. have a nosebleed
10. hurt one's back
11. get hit on the head
割破膝盖
觉得不舒服
流鼻血
背部受伤
头部被击中
Lead-in
Have you ever met any accidents
What should we do in the face of accidents
Do you know anything about first aid
Pre-listening
1a
When these accidents happen, what should you do Put the actions in order.
First, he should __________________.
Next, he should _______________.
Then, he should __________________.
__ Go to the hospital.
__ Get an X-ray.
__ Rest for a few days.
1
2
3
go to the hospital
get an X-ray
rest for a few days
What’s the matter with the boy
He ____ down and _____ his back.
What should he do
fell
hurt
__ Press the sides of your nose.
__ Put your head down.
__ Clean your face.
2
1
3
__ Put a bandage on it.
__ Run it under water.
__ Put some medicine on it.
3
1
2
First, ...
Next, ...
Then, ...
What should they do
1b
While-listening
Let's listen!
Listen to the school nurse. Check (√) the problems you hear.
Problems Treatments
Someone had a nosebleed.
Someone hurt his back.
Someone got hit on the head.
Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick. b, c
Someone cut his knee.
Someone had a fever.
√
√
√
√
1c
Let's listen!
Listen again. Write the letter of each treatment next to the problems you check in the chart above.
a. put a bandage on it
b. took his tempetature
c. told him to rest
d. put some medicine on it
e. took him to the hospital to get an X-ray
f. told her to put her head down
Problems Treatments
Someone had a nosebleed.
Someone hurt his back.
Someone got hit on the head.
Problems Treatments
Someone felt sick. b, c
Someone cut his knee.
Someone had a fever.
√
√
√
√
a, d
f
e
Today was a really ______ day in my office.
One boy _____ himself in P.E. class. He felt ____ and _____ down because of the hot sun. He cut his _____. I _______ the cut and put some _______ on it. Then I put a ________ on it. I also _____ his temperature. Luckily he didn’t have a ______.
One girl had a ___________. I told her to put her head ______ and ______ the sides of her nose to stop the blood. Another boy got ______ on the head _______ a baseball bat. He was taken to the hospital to ______ an X-ray. I hope that everyone can be careful and take good _____ of their body .
Fill in the blanks according to the information in 1b & 1c.
busy
hurt
sick
fell
knee
washed
medicine
bandage
took
nosebleed
down
press
with
get
fever
care
hit
1d
A: Who came to your office today
B: First, a boy came in. He hurt himself in P.E. class.
A: What happened
B: …
Role-play a conversation between the nurse and the teacher. Use the information in 1b and 1c.
Post-listening
Language points
1. Press the sides of your nose.按压你鼻子的两侧。
press v. 按压；催促；逼迫
pressure n. 压力
under pressure 压力之下
put pressure on sb.向某人施压
e.g. His parents pressed him to take piano lessons.
My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.
2. cut ourselves 割伤我们自己
wash the cut 清洗伤口
cut作动词，意为“切割；割伤；剪开；截断；削减”。
常用词组有：cut up 切碎；切成小块
cut down 砍倒；削减
cut off 中断
cut in 打断；插话
cut out 删除
cut作名词，意为“切口；伤口；删减”。
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section B (2a-2e)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
breathe; sunburned; ourselves; climber; be used to; risk; take risks/take a risk; accident; situation; run out of; cut off; blood; mean; get out of; importance; decision; be in control of; spirit; death; give up.
Key sentences:
1. Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions and of being control of one's life.
2. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
3. He found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
Let's talk !
Warming up
Do you know these sports below
Do you think they may be dangerous
What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports
What should we do in the face of these accidents or problems
What accidents or problems may happen when we do these sports
fall down
get sunburned
drown(溺水)
break legs or arms
Have you ever met these situations(情形)
Have you ever met these situations(情形)
have problems in breathing
cut ourselves
get hit by a ball
hurt our back or arm
What should we do when we are in these situations
We should...
keep calm(冷静).
go to the doctor right now.
lie down and rest.
take some medicine.
put some medicine on the cut.
call 120
....
Let's talk !
Lead in
Do you like climbing mountains
Did any accidents happen during your climbing
What did you do to overcome(克服) them
Today we will come into the world of Aron Ralston.
Do you know Aron Ralston
Do you know the story of him
He is a mountaineering enthusiast (登山爱好者).
Aron Ralston毕业于卡内基梅隆大学机械工程系，2002年从英特尔辞职后立志在冬季登遍科罗拉多州的高山，成功攀登了58座高峰。
Background
Aron Ralston在2003年5月峡谷探险时遇到意外，右臂被夹在石缝中无法动弹，他只好借由身体的力量靠在峡谷岩壁上，这样支撑了5天之后，他突然想出了一个匪夷所思的办法，用小刀割断自己的手臂，并且成功的救了自己。断肢六小时后由直升机救走，抢救医生说：再晚一个小时获救的话Aron Ralston就会因失血过多而不治。
2004年Aron Ralston出版的回忆录《Between a Rock and a Hard Place》(《生死两难》)中详尽叙述了这段惊心动魄的经历！而他的真实经历也被拍成电影《127 Hours》。
Background
Let's watch !
Pre-reading
2a
A= soccer
B= mountain climbing
C= swimming
Accidents or problems can sometimes happen when we do sports. Write the letter of each sport next to each accident or problem that can happen.
_______ fall down
_______ have problems breathing
_______ get hit by a ball
_______ get sunburned
_______ cut ourselves
_______ hurt our back or arm
A, B or C
A B
B C
A
A B C
A B
A B C
While-reading
Task 1 skimming and matching
What is the main idea of each paragraph
Para .1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Aron Ralston’s love for mountain climbing.
2. What does his spirit bring to us
3. Aron Ralston lost his arm in a dangerous
situation in 2003.
4. Aron Ralston wrote a book to share his
experience.
Fast reading
Task 2 Scanning for details
Careful reading
Para.1 Aron's personal information:
Name:___________________
Nationality:_______________
Hobby:___________________
Aron is used to __________. There were many times when Aron almost _____________ because of __________.
Aron Ralston
American
mountain climbing
taking risks
lost his life
accidents
Task 2 Scanning for details
Careful reading
Para.2 Aron's accident:
When
Where
What situation1: He couldn’t ______ his arm.
decision 1 : He ______ there for ____ days and hoped someone would ______ him.
situation 2: His water ________ ________.
decision 2: He would do something to _______ his own life.
How First, he used his _______ to cut off half his right arm. Then, he ________ himself with his left arm. After that, he _______ down the mountain to find help.
on April 26, 2003
in Utah
free
stayed
five
find
ran out
save
knife
bandaged
climbed
Task 3 Scanning for details
Careful reading
Para.3 Aron's book:
1. What did Aron do after losing his arm
2. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
3. In his book, what does Aron tell
4.Did Aron keep on climbing mountains
He wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
This means being in a difficult situation that you can’t seem to get out of.
He tells of the importance of making good decisions and being in control of one’s life.
Yes, he did.
Task 4 Scanning for details
Careful reading
Para.4 Aron's spirit:
Aron is a strong man who can make a good decision .
I am a strong man, I’m not ready to die!
Make good decisions
Be in control of one’s life
Have the spirit
Never give up
Be smart
Be brave(勇敢的）
What do we learn from Aron Ralston
Post-reading
It’s time for you to make a decision!
a rock
a hard place
What would you do if you had the accident like that in the movie Why
Take control of your life, and keep positive to face your life.
掌握你的人生，积极面对生活。
remember
2b
Read the passage and underline the words you don’t know. Then look up the words in a dictionary and write down their meanings.
Finding the Order of Events
Writers describe events in a certain order. Finding the order of the events will help you understand what you are reading.
He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
对……感兴趣
习惯于
冒险
情形
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. He was not ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.
用完；耗尽
切断；砍断
血液
被困在
小刀
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
Do we have the same spirit as Aron Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”，and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
意思是
离开
做对的决定
坚持做……
讲述
控制；掌控
精神
进退两难
2c
Read the statements and circle True, False or Don’t Know.
1. Aron almost lost his life three times because of climbing accidents.
True False Don’t know
2. Aron had a serious accident in April 2003. True False Don’t know
3. Aron ran out of water after three days. True False Don’t know
4. Aron wrote his book before his serious accident. True False Don’t know
5. Aron still goes mountain climbing. True False Don’t know
2d
Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003
2. Why couldn’t Aron move
3. How did Aron free himself
4. What did Aron do after the accident
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. Where did the accident happen on April 26, 2003
2. Why couldn’t Aron move
3. How did Aron free himself
In Utah.
Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains.
He used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
4. What did Aron do after the accident
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean
After the accident, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. And he kept on climbing mountains.
This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.
2e
Put the sentences in the correct order. Then use them to tell Aron’s story to your partner. Try to add other details from the passage.
____ On April 26, 2003, he had a serious mountain climbing
accident.
____ Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking
risks.
1
2
____ Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on
climbing mountains today.
____ He wrote a book about his experience.
____ Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident.
3
4
5
Summary
Aron Ralston, an American man, 1.______________ mountain climbing. Although sometimes it is very dangerous, he 2._________ taking risks. There was one day when he found himself 3._________________________. It was too special to forget. “That experience really made a big difference to my life,” Aron said. On that day, his arm was caught under a big rock. Because it was hopeless for him to free his arm, he stayed there for 5 days. He became upset. But when his water 4._________ , he didn't give up and used his knife to 5.________ his arm although it hurt badly. After this accident, he wrote a book. It talks about that when you can't 6._________ a difficult situation, try to make a better decision and 7. ______________ your life.
is interested in
is used to
in a very dangerous situation
ran out
cut off
get out of
be in control of
Language points
1. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一个
登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。
（1）be used to意为“习惯于······；适应于······”，后常接动名
词、 代词或现在分词。
be/get used to doing “习惯于做某事”
be used to do “······被用来做某事”
used to do “过去常常做某事”
e.g. I am used to eating rice now. 我现在习惯吃米饭。
The knife can be used to cut meat. 刀能用来切肉。
I used to ride to work. 我过去骑车去工作。
（2）take risks是动词词组，意为“冒险”，其同义词组是take
a risk。在此短语中，risk 作名词。
e.g. We do not expect untrained people to take risks.
我们不主张未受过培训的人去冒险。
I have to take a risk in my job.
做我这种工作要冒风险。
risk 也可作动词，意为“冒······风险；使······面临风险”。
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险去做······
e.g. The soldier risked his life to save the little girl.
2. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because
of accidents. 有很多次 阿伦因为事故几乎失去了他自己的生命。
almost是副词，意为“几乎；差不多”。用来修饰不定代词、
动词、副词、形容词等。
e.g. The girl is almost eight years old.
这女孩将近八岁了。
He is almost two metres tall.
他差不多有两米高。
辨析：almost与nearly
易混词 意义及用法 例句
almost
nearly
almost 意为“几乎；差不多”可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前；有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)。
Almost no one came to the party.
I almost wish I'd stayed at home.
nearly 意为“几乎；差不多”，前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰，not nearly 意为“远非”, very （pretty） nearly 意为“几乎”，都是习语。
He nearly always arrives late.
It's not nearly so difficult as you think.
3. But when his water ran out of, he knew that he would have to
do something to save his own life. 但当他的水用光了的时候,
他知道他必须做点什么来挽救他自己的生命。
run out (of)意为“用尽；耗尽”。
e.g. We have run out of head notepaper.
我们已用完了有抬头的信纸。
They have run out of their supplies.
他们的供应品已耗尽了。
辨析：run out 与run out of
run out 主语通常为表示时间、食物、金钱等名词 My money ran out.
run out of 表主动含义，主语一般为人，相当于use up I ran out of my money.
4. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.
所以他用刀切除了右臂一半。
(1) knife是可数名词，意为“刀”，其复数形式是knives。
e.g. The soldiers sharpened up their knives.
战士们把刀磨得锋利。
(2) cut off 是动词短语，意为“切除”。
e.g. Please help me to cut off the rinds of lemons.
请帮我切除柠檬的皮。
cut的相关短语：
cut away 切掉；减掉 cut up 切碎
cut down 砍刀；削减 cut in 插嘴
cut into halves 切成两半 cut into pieces 切成碎块
cut out 剪去；删掉
5. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to
get out of. 它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境中”。
(1)此处mean 表示“……意思是；意味着”，用来解释上句出现
在书名中的习语的意思。如：
What do you mean 你的意思是什么？
常用短语：
mean to do sth. 打算做······
mean a lot to sb. 对某人来说很重要
mean that从句 打算/意思是······
mean 可作形容词，意为“吝啬的；刻薄的”。
e.g. Don't be so mean to your brother. 不要对你的兄弟如此刻薄。
meaning n. 意思；意义 the meaning of ······的意义
meaningful adj. 有意义的
meaningless adj. 无意义的
(2) a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of和a
decision that could mean life or death均为定语从句。
在前者中，从句that you cannot seem to get out of 修饰名
词 situation;
在后者中，从句that could mean life or death 修饰名词
decision。
(3) get out of意为“离开；从······出来”。
e.g. I couldn't get out of going to that wedding.
我不能逃避出席婚礼。
She backed her car out of the garage.
她从车库倒车出来。
6. Aron didn't give up after the accident and keeps on climbing
mountains today.
阿伦在这起事故后并没有放弃，现在仍然坚持登山。
(1) give up 表示“放弃”，可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
e.g. He gave up smoking at last. 他最终戒烟了。
give 相关短语：
give in 屈服；投降 give out 分发
give away 泄露；赠送 give sb. a hand 帮某人一把
give off 发出（光、热、气味等） give back 归还
(2) keep on doing 表示“坚持做······”。
e.g. He kept on writing these years. 他这些年坚持创作。
keep 相关短语及句型：
keep doing sth. 一直做······
keep from doing sth. 忍不住做······
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做······
keep up with 跟上
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Unit 1
What's the matter
Section B (3a-Selfcheck)
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
nurse; have a...; feel...; hurt my...; fell down; got hit by...; cut oneself.
Key sentences:
1. I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg.
2. I think you should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
3. What should I do
To review and practice writing target language in context.
Revision
ear
eye
head
mouth
nose
tooth(teeth)
Body parts
Body parts
arm
back
foot
hand
leg
heart
stomach
throat
knee
neck
feet
A disease associated with a part of the body.
headache
backache
sore back
sore throat
toothache
stomachache
earache
heartache
Health problems and injuries.
have a
toothache 牙痛
headache 头痛
stomachache 胃痛
have a sore
throat 喉咙痛
back背痛
leg 腿疼
fever 发烧
cough 咳嗽
cold 感冒
heart problem 有心脏问题
nosebleed 鼻出血
have a
Health problems and injuries
◆ feel sick/bad/terrible 感觉不舒服 ◆ have an accident 出事故
◆ have problems breathing 呼吸有问题 ◆ fall down 跌倒
◆ cut one’s knee 割破膝盖 ◆ hurt one’s back 伤了背部
◆ hurt/cut himself/herself/... 伤了/割破他/她自己
◆ get hit (on the head) (by...) 头部被击中 ◆ get sunburned 晒伤
Advice and treatments
◆ lie down and rest 躺下休息
◆ drink some hot tea with honey 喝点加蜂蜜的热茶
◆ see a dentist and get an X-ray 去看牙医，做X光检查
◆ take one’s temperature 量体温
◆ take some medicine 服药
◆ put some medicine on it 上点药
◆ take breaks away from... 离开……休息一下
Advice and treatments
◆ go to a doctor 看病
◆ go to (the) hospital 去医院
◆ take... to the hospital 带……去医院
◆ get some sleep/rest 睡会儿觉/休息一下
◆ put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎一下
◆ run it under water 用水冲
◆ put one’s head down 低头
◆ bandage oneself 自己包扎
3a
Imagine you are the school nurse and a student just had an accident or a health problem. Make notes about what he/she should and shouldn’t do.
Accident or health problem He/She should He/She shouldn’t
Pre-writing
Accident or health problem He/She should He/She shouldn’t
Sample
have a sore back
lie down and rest
do sports
have a fever
take some medicine
have a sore throat
cut myself
drink some hot tea
put some medicine on it
have a toothache
see a dentist
do sports
eat hot food
touch the water
eat spicy food
3b
Write a conversation between the nurse and the student using the notes in 3a. Use the questions and phrases below to help you.
Nurse: ___________________________________________________________
Student: _________________________________________________________
Nurse: ___________________________________________________________
Student: __________________________________________________________
What’s the matter / What happened / Are you OK
No, I don’t feel well./ I feel…/ I have a …/ Should I…
You should…/ You shouldn’t…
fell down/ got hit by…/ cut myself / hurt my…
I fell down and hurt my arm when playing basketball with my classmates yesterday.
Now I have a sore arm.
What should I do
What's the matter
Thank you.
You should get an X-ray and then go to see a doctor with the report.
Sample
remember
Diseases come like an avalanche and go away like reeling silk.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
病来如山倒，病去如抽丝。
一天一苹果，医生远离我。
remember
Health is over wealth.
健康胜过财富。
Happiness lies first of all in health.
幸福首先在于健康。
Early to bed and early to rise can make a man healthy, wealthy
and wise.
早睡早起能使人健康、富有和聪明。
Self Check
1. Write different health problems next to the body parts.
Then write more health problems you know of.
Head:____________________
Back:____________________
Throat:___________________
Tooth:____________________
Stomach:__________________
Other problems:___________________________
headache
sore back; backache
sore throat
toothache
stomachache
earache; sore eyes; heartache
2. Put these questions and answers in order to make a conversation.
____ I hurt myself playing soccer. I have a sore leg.
____ I think you should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
____ What’s the matter
____ What should I do
____ OK, thanks. I’ll do that now.
____ Oh, that doesn’t sound good.
1
2
3
4
5
6
3. Write advice for these people.
1. Problem: Alan cut himself.
Advice: ___________________________________
2. Problem: Cindy has a headache.
Advice: ____________________________________
He should put some medicine and a
bandage on the cut.
She should see a doctor.
3. Problem: My cousins have bad colds.
Advice: _______________________________________
4. Problem: Jack hurt his back playing volleyball.
Advice: _______________________________________
He should lie down and rest.
They should take some medicine.
Language points
nurse
①n.护士；保育员
a male nurse 男护士
a dental nurse 牙科护士
② v. 看护；照料；调养
e.g. He nursed his daughter back to health.
他照料女儿恢复了健康。
nursing house 敬老院；疗养院
summary
feel sick/bad/terrible
have a sore throat/back/leg
have a toothache/headache/stomachache
have a fever/cough/cold/heart problem/nosebleed
have an accident, have problems breathing
fall down, cut one’s knee
hurt one’s back, hurt/cut himself/herself/...
get hit (on the head) (by...), get sunburned
Health problems and injuries
lie down and rest, drink some hot tea with honey
see a dentist and get an X-ray
take one’s temperature, take some medicine
put some medicine on it, take breaks away from...
go to a doctor, go to (the) hospital
take... to the hospital, get some sleep/rest
put a bandage on it, run it under water
put one’s head down, bandage oneself
Advice and treatment
Thank you!
