人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Language points 1 课件(共23张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Language points 1 课件(共23张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-14 19:32:15 | ||
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(共23张PPT)
Language points 1
Cholera used to be one of the most _______(fear) diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed how it could be overcome.
在英国医生约翰 斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even death.
它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。
1. severe adj. 极为恶劣的; 十分严重的; 严厉的
severely adv. severity n.
be severe on /with sb.对……严厉
严于律己
be severe with oneself
feared
1) 她对所有迟到的学生都同样严厉。
She was____________________ students who were late for class.
2） Several of the passengers were ____________(severe)injured in the accident.
3）At first, they didn't understand the _____________ (severe)of the problem/situation.
severely
severity
equally severe on/with
As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.
2. frustrated: adj. 懊恼的; 沮丧的; 失意的 ---学案P.2/1.
frustrate vt. 使懊恼、使沮丧 frustrating adj.令人懊丧的
frustration n. [U] 懊恼；沮丧； [C. usually pl.] 令人沮丧的事物
in / with frustration 沮丧地；懊恼地
Up to two hours of waiting for the exam results made me f__________.
He was once a f_________ writer, whose first book was rejected twice by publishers.
What _________(frustrate) me most was the ___________(frustrate) results of our team’s narrow defeat （惜败）in the final.
He shook his head____________________ (沮丧地).
frustrated
frustrated
frustrated
frustrating
in /with frustration
In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.
后来，他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。
3. in time = eventually最后/终于; 及时，来得及;
_______, you will realize how much your parents care about you.
迟早你会意识到你的父母有多关心你。
They arrived just _____________ the last train out of town.
他们恰好及时赶上了出城的最后一班火车。
in time to catch
In time
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.
4. contradictory adj. 矛盾的（to）; 对立的; 不一致的
contradict vt. /vi 反驳; vt. 与……相矛盾
contradiction n.矛盾;(事实、看法等)不一致;对立
目击者的说法互相矛盾，真相依然未明。
1）The witness statements ___________________（v.）and the facts remain unclear.
2) The witness statements ___________________________ （adj.）and the facts remain unclear.
3) How can we solve this ______________________ (明显的矛盾)
contradict each other
are contradictory to each other
apparent contradiction
Another(theory 意见，看法；推测 ) was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。
5. infection n.[u] 感染/传染 ; [c]（身体某部位的）感染；传染病
infect vt. 使感染/ 传染; 使感染（某种感情）；影响
be infected with sth.
infectious adj. 传染性的，感染的; 有感染力的
1）自新冠疫情暴发以来美国超1400万儿童感染了新冠。
Over 14m children in US _____________________ COVID-19 since the onset （ （尤指不愉快事情的）开始 ）of the pandemic.
2）Her optimism seemed _______________ all those around her.
她的乐观情绪似乎感染了周围所有的人。
3）His laughter is ______________.
have been infected with
to infect
infectious
Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯诺赞同第二种看法。
6. subscribe ---学案p.2/2.
subscriber n. 订阅人；定期捐款者；消费者
subscription n. [c/u]订阅；订阅费；[u]定期捐款
subscribe to a view(=agree with; approve of) 赞同一个观点
subscribe to(订购;订阅) a magazine 订阅杂志
subscribe to a charity 定期向慈善机构捐款(contribute/donate to)
【常用搭配】
1) I have never ________________________schooldays are the happiest days of your life.
我从未赞同过学生时代是一生中最快乐的日子这种看法。
2) I ____________________________ the charity.
我每个月向慈善团体捐助十英镑。
3) He's thinking of _________________ satellite TV.
他正在考虑付费收看卫星电视。
subscribed to the view that
subscribe 10 a month to
subscribing to
It was correct, but he still needed proof.
这一看法是正确的，但他仍需要证据。
7. proof (s) n. [c/u]证据; 证明 [u]evidence; [u]检验；证实
prove vt.
这份文件证实了她所说的是真的。
1) The document gave ________of the truth of her story.
3) The document _________ that her story was true.
adj.能抵御…的
rainproof/windproof clothing
防雨 / 防风服装
proof
proved
There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street . However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.
宽街水泵附近有多例死亡（人数）。但是有些住户(如宽街20号和21号以及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。
8. multiple adj. 数量多的；多种多样的
He _________________________.
他死于多处受伤。
died of multiple injuries
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
9. suspect vt. 怀疑; 疑有 suspect; 不信任---学案p.3/3.
n. [c]嫌疑犯，被怀疑者(in,for)
adj. = suspicious 可疑的;不 可信的
1) 我们怀疑你作弊。
We suspect you of cheating.=(that…)
We suspect (that) you cheated.= (to be…)
We suspect you to be a cheat(骗子; 作弊者).
2) __________ (suspect) of carrying drugs, the traveler was stopped by the customs officer.
3） __________________that the drugs had been brought into the country by boat.有人怀疑毒品是用船运入该国的。
Suspected
It was suspected
1.你们不应该把这次失败怪在约翰头上。
You shouldn’t blame John for the failure.
=You shouldn’t blame the failure on John.
= You shouldn’t put / lay /place the blame for the failure on John
2.It is your father who is to blame for that.
是你爸爸该为这事负责。
10. blame —学案p.3/4
take/bear/accept/ shoulder the blame承担责任
Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
11. Accordingly: consequently; therefore 因此；所以；于是
相应地
They have broken the rules and will be punished accordingly.
他们违反了规定，将会受到相应的惩罚。
12.handle n.[c] 把手; 拉手; 柄
vt. 处理/应付/对待；（deal with); 搬动/拿;
操纵(车辆/动物/工具等); 经销/买卖
1) The baked potatoes were too hot to handle with our bare hands.
这些烤土豆太烫了，我们不能徒手拿。
2) He's having a hard time handling the pressure of his new job.
他正处于一段艰难时期，应对新工作带来的压力。
3) He was arrested for handling stolen goods.
他因买卖赃物而被捕。
4) Some students are quite difficult to handle.
有些学生很难对付。
5）I didn't know if I'd be able to handle such a large vehicle.
我不知道我能否驾驶这么大一辆车。
Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。
13. intervention （in） [c/u ]干涉,干预
intervene （in） vi. [ nt vi n]
intervention in the internal affairs of many countries.
对多国内政的干涉
No country can intervene in China’s unification（统一）.
14. stop sth in its tracks 忽然中止某事
stop sb in their tracks (使由于恐惧等原因)突然止步，怔住了
They plan to stop the reform process in its track.
他们打算中止改革进程。
Her comment stopped me (dead) in my tracks.
她的话让我当场愣住了。
Nuclear power ______________________.
must be stopped in its tracks
Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.
此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。
15. link n.[c]联系; 纽带 vt. 把...连接起来; 相关联
a link between sth (and sth);
a link with sth.
link A to/with/ and B 连接;
be linked with/to 与…有关联(连接)
1) A bridge __________ the island ____________the mainland.
2)_______ (link) closely with many students’ poor performance at school, smartphones are banned in some schools.
3)科学家发现了一种与老年痴呆症发展相关的基因。
Scientists have discovered a gene that ___________________the development of Alzheimer's disease.
4)警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
Police suspect _____ ____ ____ ___ _____ __________the two murders.
5)对于老年人来说，电视是与外界联系的重要纽带。
For elderly people, TV is _______________________ the outside world.
is linked to /with
Linked
to/with/and
links
there may be a link between
an important link with
Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. 未处理的废弃物
16. raw adj. 一词多义
raw fish/ data/ material
生鱼 原始数据 原材料
The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
与饮用纯浄水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。
17. pure
pure -impure-purity-purify
Through Snow’s tireless effort 不懈努力, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrese.
18. decrease vt./vi 减少; 减小; 降低
n.[c/u] 减少; 降低: 减少量---学案P.5/6
Any decrease ______ tourism could have a serious effect on the local economy.
Fortunately, the number of cyclists running the red light is _____ the decrease（= is decreasing）.
People planted trees on the waste hills ___________(减少) water and soil loss.
The number of new students __________________(减少了) 160 this year.
in
on
to decrease
decreased by
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
19. transform: vt.使改变形态;使改变外观（或性质）；使改观:
to completely change the appearance, form, or character of something or someone, especially so that it is better
transform sth/sb from sth into sth
transformation n. 改变、转化(不可数); 具体变化(可数)
transformable adj. 可变形的；可变化的
transformer n. 促使改变的人或物；变形金刚；变压器;
1) It was an event that would_________________.
那是能够彻底改变我一生的一件事。
2) The old factory _______________________an art gallery.
这座旧工厂已改建成美术馆。
3） It's said that the shape of such a toy ___________________ (是可变形的).
4) His attitude to life has gone through a(n) _____________ (改变).
transformation
is transformable
transform my life
has been transformed into
Language points 1
Cholera used to be one of the most _______(fear) diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed how it could be overcome.
在英国医生约翰 斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even death.
它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。
1. severe adj. 极为恶劣的; 十分严重的; 严厉的
severely adv. severity n.
be severe on /with sb.对……严厉
严于律己
be severe with oneself
feared
1) 她对所有迟到的学生都同样严厉。
She was____________________ students who were late for class.
2） Several of the passengers were ____________(severe)injured in the accident.
3）At first, they didn't understand the _____________ (severe)of the problem/situation.
severely
severity
equally severe on/with
As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.
2. frustrated: adj. 懊恼的; 沮丧的; 失意的 ---学案P.2/1.
frustrate vt. 使懊恼、使沮丧 frustrating adj.令人懊丧的
frustration n. [U] 懊恼；沮丧； [C. usually pl.] 令人沮丧的事物
in / with frustration 沮丧地；懊恼地
Up to two hours of waiting for the exam results made me f__________.
He was once a f_________ writer, whose first book was rejected twice by publishers.
What _________(frustrate) me most was the ___________(frustrate) results of our team’s narrow defeat （惜败）in the final.
He shook his head____________________ (沮丧地).
frustrated
frustrated
frustrated
frustrating
in /with frustration
In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.
后来，他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。
3. in time = eventually最后/终于; 及时，来得及;
_______, you will realize how much your parents care about you.
迟早你会意识到你的父母有多关心你。
They arrived just _____________ the last train out of town.
他们恰好及时赶上了出城的最后一班火车。
in time to catch
In time
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.
4. contradictory adj. 矛盾的（to）; 对立的; 不一致的
contradict vt. /vi 反驳; vt. 与……相矛盾
contradiction n.矛盾;(事实、看法等)不一致;对立
目击者的说法互相矛盾，真相依然未明。
1）The witness statements ___________________（v.）and the facts remain unclear.
2) The witness statements ___________________________ （adj.）and the facts remain unclear.
3) How can we solve this ______________________ (明显的矛盾)
contradict each other
are contradictory to each other
apparent contradiction
Another(theory 意见，看法；推测 ) was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.
另一种看法是食物或饮用水中的细菌感染导致霍乱。
5. infection n.[u] 感染/传染 ; [c]（身体某部位的）感染；传染病
infect vt. 使感染/ 传染; 使感染（某种感情）；影响
be infected with sth.
infectious adj. 传染性的，感染的; 有感染力的
1）自新冠疫情暴发以来美国超1400万儿童感染了新冠。
Over 14m children in US _____________________ COVID-19 since the onset （ （尤指不愉快事情的）开始 ）of the pandemic.
2）Her optimism seemed _______________ all those around her.
她的乐观情绪似乎感染了周围所有的人。
3）His laughter is ______________.
have been infected with
to infect
infectious
Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯诺赞同第二种看法。
6. subscribe ---学案p.2/2.
subscriber n. 订阅人；定期捐款者；消费者
subscription n. [c/u]订阅；订阅费；[u]定期捐款
subscribe to a view(=agree with; approve of) 赞同一个观点
subscribe to(订购;订阅) a magazine 订阅杂志
subscribe to a charity 定期向慈善机构捐款(contribute/donate to)
【常用搭配】
1) I have never ________________________schooldays are the happiest days of your life.
我从未赞同过学生时代是一生中最快乐的日子这种看法。
2) I ____________________________ the charity.
我每个月向慈善团体捐助十英镑。
3) He's thinking of _________________ satellite TV.
他正在考虑付费收看卫星电视。
subscribed to the view that
subscribe 10 a month to
subscribing to
It was correct, but he still needed proof.
这一看法是正确的，但他仍需要证据。
7. proof (s) n. [c/u]证据; 证明 [u]evidence; [u]检验；证实
prove vt.
这份文件证实了她所说的是真的。
1) The document gave ________of the truth of her story.
3) The document _________ that her story was true.
adj.能抵御…的
rainproof/windproof clothing
防雨 / 防风服装
proof
proved
There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street . However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.
宽街水泵附近有多例死亡（人数）。但是有些住户(如宽街20号和21号以及剑桥街8号和9号)却无人死亡。
8. multiple adj. 数量多的；多种多样的
He _________________________.
他死于多处受伤。
died of multiple injuries
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
9. suspect vt. 怀疑; 疑有 suspect; 不信任---学案p.3/3.
n. [c]嫌疑犯，被怀疑者(in,for)
adj. = suspicious 可疑的;不 可信的
1) 我们怀疑你作弊。
We suspect you of cheating.=(that…)
We suspect (that) you cheated.= (to be…)
We suspect you to be a cheat(骗子; 作弊者).
2) __________ (suspect) of carrying drugs, the traveler was stopped by the customs officer.
3） __________________that the drugs had been brought into the country by boat.有人怀疑毒品是用船运入该国的。
Suspected
It was suspected
1.你们不应该把这次失败怪在约翰头上。
You shouldn’t blame John for the failure.
=You shouldn’t blame the failure on John.
= You shouldn’t put / lay /place the blame for the failure on John
2.It is your father who is to blame for that.
是你爸爸该为这事负责。
10. blame —学案p.3/4
take/bear/accept/ shoulder the blame承担责任
Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
11. Accordingly: consequently; therefore 因此；所以；于是
相应地
They have broken the rules and will be punished accordingly.
他们违反了规定，将会受到相应的惩罚。
12.handle n.[c] 把手; 拉手; 柄
vt. 处理/应付/对待；（deal with); 搬动/拿;
操纵(车辆/动物/工具等); 经销/买卖
1) The baked potatoes were too hot to handle with our bare hands.
这些烤土豆太烫了，我们不能徒手拿。
2) He's having a hard time handling the pressure of his new job.
他正处于一段艰难时期，应对新工作带来的压力。
3) He was arrested for handling stolen goods.
他因买卖赃物而被捕。
4) Some students are quite difficult to handle.
有些学生很难对付。
5）I didn't know if I'd be able to handle such a large vehicle.
我不知道我能否驾驶这么大一辆车。
Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
这一干预举措遏制了疾病的蔓延。
13. intervention （in） [c/u ]干涉,干预
intervene （in） vi. [ nt vi n]
intervention in the internal affairs of many countries.
对多国内政的干涉
No country can intervene in China’s unification（统一）.
14. stop sth in its tracks 忽然中止某事
stop sb in their tracks (使由于恐惧等原因)突然止步，怔住了
They plan to stop the reform process in its track.
他们打算中止改革进程。
Her comment stopped me (dead) in my tracks.
她的话让我当场愣住了。
Nuclear power ______________________.
must be stopped in its tracks
Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.
此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。
15. link n.[c]联系; 纽带 vt. 把...连接起来; 相关联
a link between sth (and sth);
a link with sth.
link A to/with/ and B 连接;
be linked with/to 与…有关联(连接)
1) A bridge __________ the island ____________the mainland.
2)_______ (link) closely with many students’ poor performance at school, smartphones are banned in some schools.
3)科学家发现了一种与老年痴呆症发展相关的基因。
Scientists have discovered a gene that ___________________the development of Alzheimer's disease.
4)警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
Police suspect _____ ____ ____ ___ _____ __________the two murders.
5)对于老年人来说，电视是与外界联系的重要纽带。
For elderly people, TV is _______________________ the outside world.
is linked to /with
Linked
to/with/and
links
there may be a link between
an important link with
Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. 未处理的废弃物
16. raw adj. 一词多义
raw fish/ data/ material
生鱼 原始数据 原材料
The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
与饮用纯浄水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。
17. pure
pure -impure-purity-purify
Through Snow’s tireless effort 不懈努力, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrese.
18. decrease vt./vi 减少; 减小; 降低
n.[c/u] 减少; 降低: 减少量---学案P.5/6
Any decrease ______ tourism could have a serious effect on the local economy.
Fortunately, the number of cyclists running the red light is _____ the decrease（= is decreasing）.
People planted trees on the waste hills ___________(减少) water and soil loss.
The number of new students __________________(减少了) 160 this year.
in
on
to decrease
decreased by
Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。
19. transform: vt.使改变形态;使改变外观（或性质）；使改观:
to completely change the appearance, form, or character of something or someone, especially so that it is better
transform sth/sb from sth into sth
transformation n. 改变、转化(不可数); 具体变化(可数)
transformable adj. 可变形的；可变化的
transformer n. 促使改变的人或物；变形金刚；变压器;
1) It was an event that would_________________.
那是能够彻底改变我一生的一件事。
2) The old factory _______________________an art gallery.
这座旧工厂已改建成美术馆。
3） It's said that the shape of such a toy ___________________ (是可变形的).
4) His attitude to life has gone through a(n) _____________ (改变).
transformation
is transformable
transform my life
has been transformed into