Unit 2 Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文章大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
2.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.基础单词
1. vt. 使出土;挖掘;发掘;发现;找到
2. n. 目的地;终点
3. n. 酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条;块;栏杆;障碍 vt.封;阻挡;阻止
4. n. 进口产品;输入的产品;输入 vt. 进口;引进
5. n. 出口产品;输出的产品;出口;输出 vt. 出口;输出
6. vi. & vt. 翻滚;滚动;翻身;卷起 n. 卷;一管;翻滚
7. n. 树干
8. adv. 在(或向)较远处;在另一边 prep. 在(或向)更远处;超出;晚于;无法;超出……之外
9. n. 图案;花样;模式;范例;模型
10. n. 柱;圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队;列
11. n. & vt. 救援;营救;抢救
12. vt. 找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(建造于)
答案 1.unearth 2.destination 3.bar 4.import
5.export 6.roll 7.trunk 8.beyond 9.pattern 10.column 11.rescue 12.locate
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. vi.&vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生→ n.爆发;喷发
2. adj.难耐的;无法忍受的→ adj.可忍受的;支持得住的→ vt.忍受;承受 n.熊
3. n.遥远;久远;距离;差异;疏远→ adj.遥远的;冷淡的;不友好的
4. adj. 灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→ adj.不锋利的;钝的
答案 1.erupt;eruption 2.unbearable; bearable; bear 3.distance; distant 4.sharp; blunt
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 好像;似乎
2. 连同……一起
3. 与……分离
4. 在……上留下印记
5.an international tourist destination
6.roll away
7.in the distance
8.rescue effort
9.far and wide
答案 1.as if 2.along with 3.be separated from 4.leave one’s mark on 5.国际旅游目的地 6.滚动移开 7.在远处 8.救援工作 9.到处;各处
Step 3 佳句赏析
Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(as if引导状语从句的省略形式)
翻译 它的墙壁很新,就像昨天漆的一样;地板上丰富的图案没有一种颜色有变化。
仿写 The football player is rolling on the ground in the leg.
那个足球运动员在地上滚来滚去,好像腿部受了重伤。
答案 as if hurt badly
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on pages 25-26 and match the main ideas of each part.
( )1.Part 1(Para.1)
( )2.Part 2(Paras.2-4)
( )3.Part 3(Para.5)
A.Pompeii was destroyed by the eruption.
B.Pompeii was unearthed.
C.The introduction of Pompeii.
答案 1~3 CAB
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 25-26 carefully and choose the best answer.
1.In which country was Pompeii located
A.Greece. B.Roman.
C.Peru. D.England.
2.What rhetoric (修辞) is used to describe the volcanic eruption
A.Parallelism(排比).
B.Personification(拟人).
C.Simile(明喻).
D.Exaggeration(夸张).
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.The city of Pompeii was a typical model of the whole Roman Empire with little shops,tiny palaces,forum,wine bars and theatre.
B.During the volcanic eruption,all men and women cried with fear.
C.It is almost seven centuries before the city of Pompeii was discovered again.
D.The walls of Pompeii city were covered with ash and dirt long after being buried in the earth.
答案 1~3 BCA
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 unbearable adj. 难耐的;无法忍受的 *unbearably adv.不堪忍受地;无法容忍地 *bearable adj.可忍受的;支持得住的 *bear v.忍受;承受
(P26)...and now again it burnt with an unbearable light!
……时而它又烧起来,放出刺眼的强光!
知识拓展
unbearable pain无法忍受的疼痛
can’t bear sth接受不了某物
经典佳句
She could not bear the relentless music and turned down the volume.
她受不了没完没了的音乐,就把音量调小了。
Helen’s behaviour was often unbearable.
海伦的行为常常令人难以忍受。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用bear的适当形式填空
(1)War has made life almost for the civilians remaining in the capital.
(2)A cool breeze made the heat.
(3)In other places, like Egypt, it ishot.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)I just the thought of having to start all over.
我想都不敢想要从头开始。
(5)It is and it can’t be allowed to go on.
这种情形令人无法容忍,不应该被允许继续下去。
答案 (1)unbearable (2)bearable (3)unbearably (4)can’t bear (5)an unbearable/intolerable situation
知识点2 rescue n. & vt. 救援;营救;抢救
(P27)Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.
狗在陆地上的救援工作中很有帮助。
知识拓展
rescue sb/sth from... 从……中营救出某人/某物
come/go/run to one’s rescue来/去援救某人
rescue workers 救援人员
经典佳句
Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防队员撞开门,把他们救了出来。
No one came to their rescue until the following day.
直到第二天才有人来救他们。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I didn’t know anybody at the party, but the hostess came my rescue.
(2)The lifeboat rescued the sailors the sinking boat.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
(3)他被人从着火的大楼里救了出来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4)这个老人跑去援救她。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)to (2)from (3)He was rescued from a burning building. (4)The old man ran to her rescue.
知识点3 sharp adj. 灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的 *sharply adv.严厉地;尖锐地;急剧地 *sharpen v.削尖;改善;提高;变锋利
(P27)Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate survivors much faster than humans can.
因为狗体形小,嗅觉灵敏,它们找到幸存者的速度要比人快得多。
知识拓展
sharp teeth 锋利的牙齿
a sharp drop in prices价格的骤降
a sharp outline清晰的轮廓
sharp eyes敏锐的眼睛
a sharp tongue说话尖刻
经典佳句
With a sharp knife,make diagonal slashes in the chicken breast.
用锋利的刀斜着切开鸡胸脯。
As the man came near,the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.
当那个人走近时,囚犯猛地一拳把他打倒在地。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)His words drew from people on both sides of the issue.
他的言辞激起了关于这个问题双方的强烈反应。
(2)There has been in the number of people out of work.
失业人数急剧增长。
(3)Connie had for artworks.
康妮对艺术品有敏锐的眼光。
(4)There has been in economic growth.
在经济增长方面一直存在急剧的减速。
(5)Despite her , she inspires loyalty from her friends.
她尽管说话尖刻,但却能获得朋友们的忠诚。
答案 (1)sharp reactions (2)a sharp rise (3)a sharp eye (4)a sharp slowdown (5)sharp tongue
知识点4 locate v. 找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(建造于) *located adj.位于;坐落在 *location n.位置;地点;定位
(P27)Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate survivors much faster than humans can.
因为狗体形小,嗅觉灵敏,它们找到幸存者的速度要比人快得多。
知识拓展
locate sb in/at... 发现某人在某处
locate in 在……定居
be located in/on坐落于;位于
经典佳句
All the teachers are against the idea to locate the new teaching building beside the sports ground.They suggest the new building should be located in the center of school, although learning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher.
所有的老师都反对把新教学大楼设在运动场旁边的想法。尽管学习与时间、地点或教师的在场与否无关,他们还是建议新建筑应该坐落于学校的中心。
名师点拨
be located in 往往指“位于……内部”,in后面一般跟城市、地区等。
be located on往往指“位于……上”,介词on后面一般跟河流、海岸线等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I have to find a convenient (locate) for the shelves.
(2)My company has been located the West Coast while my brother’s has been located the city.
(3)It’s one of the world’s largest chains of golf shops, (locate) in the heart of Shanghai.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)As for where exactly you should go for the week’s trip, I recommend the Summer Palace, the largest surviving royal garden in China, .
至于这周你应该去哪里旅行,我推荐颐和园,它是中国现存最大的皇家园林。 它位于北京市海淀区。
(5) , the Palace Museum is the symbol of ancient Chinese palace buildings.That is why I strongly advise you to visit it.
故宫博物院位于北京市中心,是中国古代宫殿建筑的象征。 那就是我强烈建议你去参观它的原因。
答案 (1)location (2)on; in (3)located
(4)which is located in Haidian District,Beijing
(5)Located in the center of Beijing
短 语 句 式
知识点5 break out 突然开始;爆发
(P26)The cries of women broke out; the men looked at each other, but were silent.
女人们开始尖叫;男人们面面相觑,但没有作声。
知识拓展
break up (使)破碎;结束;(使)解散
break away from 突然挣脱;逃脱;脱离(政党等);背叛
break off 突然停止;中断(谈判);断绝(关系);折断
break in 打断(说话);插嘴说;闯入
break down打破;(机器)坏了;出故障;(计划、谈判)失败;拆开
break into 破门而入;打断(谈话)
经典佳句
After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后,很多设备受损。
She broke up the glass in search of her notebook.
她在找笔记本时把玻璃杯打破了。
名师点拨
break out强调战争、疾病、火灾等的突然爆发,一般不用于被动语态。
融会应用 用break相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)We are sorry to arrive late, but the car .
(2)The thieves the office and stole some money.
(3)These two countries have relations again.
(4)I was still sleeping when the fire , and then it spread quickly.
(5)The ice will when the warm weather comes.
答案 (1)broke down (2)broke into (3)broken off (4)broke out (5)break up
知识点6 in the distance 在远处
(P26)At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
那一刻,他们感到大地在脚下晃动;他们听到远处屋顶坍塌的巨响。
知识拓展
from a distance 从远处
at a distance of 在……远的地方
keep one’s distance (from)(与……)保持距离
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人疏远;与某人保持一定距离
经典佳句
The sound of the car died away in the distance.
小轿车发出的声响消逝在远处。
Most of the wild animals must be watched from a
distance, especially the bison.
大部分野生动物必须远距离观赏,尤其是野牛。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)You can hear dogs bark in the dark.
你可以听见黑暗中远方的狗叫声。
(2)The radio should be placed from the screen.
收音机应放在距离屏幕至少4米远的地方。
(3)Jay had always tended to .
杰伊总是倾向于与他的朋友们保持距离。
答案 (1)in the distance (2)at a distance of at least four meters (3)keep his friends at a distance
知识点7 far and wide到处;各处
(P26)Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noisy crash in the stormy sea—fell that awful shower!
可怕的熔岩雨砸下来了,落在空荡荡的街道上、广场上,到处都是,落在波涛汹涌的大海里,发出阵阵巨响。
知识拓展
near and far 四面八方;到处
here and there各处;到处
all around周围;到处;四处
from place to place到处;各处
up and down上上下下;各处
经典佳句
Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
然后,这个人把书放在一个公共场所,希望这本书会有一次冒险,和每一个发现它的新读者一起到处旅行。
They searched far and wide for the missing child.
他们四处搜寻失踪的小孩。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Visitors came from .
游客来自四面八方。
(2)Their hair drops .
他们的头发掉得到处都是。
(3)The boat rocked in rhythm with the sea.
小船随着大海的节奏上下晃动。
(4)Beautiful butterflies are flying .
美丽的蝴蝶正四处飞舞。
(5)The composition and levels of air pollution .
空气污染的组成和程度因地而异。
答案 (1)near and far (2)here and there
(3)up and down (4)all around (5)vary from place to place
知识点8 状语从句的省略形式
(P26)Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
它的墙壁很新,就像昨天漆的一样;地板上丰富的图案的颜色没有一种有变化。
知识拓展
句中的as if painted yesterday为as if引导的状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为as if they had been painted yesterday。
(1)as if作从属连词时引导的方式状语从句常用省略形式,后可接动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、名词、形容词和介词短语等。
He stared at the girl as if seeing her for the first time.(as if后接动词-ing形式)
他盯着那个女孩,好像第一次看见她。
She talked to the stranger while walking as if absent-minded.(as if后接形容词)
她边走边和那位陌生人交谈,好像心不在焉。
(2)as if引导从句时,若as if引导的从句表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性,通常用陈述语气;若表示的不是真实情况,而是主观想象或夸大性的比喻,从句则要用虚拟语气。当从句表示的情况与现在的事实相反,谓语动词用过去式;表示的情况与过去事实相反,谓语动词要用“had done”;表示的情况与将来情况可能相反,谓语动词则用“would/could/might+动词原形”。谓语动词形式视需要表达的意义而定,不受主句动词时态的影响。
The boss speaks aloud as if she is angry.
老板说话声音很大,她好像真的生气了。(她可能真的生气了)
The boss speaks aloud as if she were angry.
老板说话声音很大,好像她生气了一样。(其实她并没有生气,可能她说话就是这个特点)
融会应用 单句写作
(1)He acts .
他表现得像个警察。
(2)She sat in the corner of the room without a word .
她坐在房间的角落,一言不发,似乎在跟谁生气。
(3)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks .
当铅笔的一部分在一杯水中时,它看上去好像折断了似的。
答案 (1)as if (he were) a policeman (2)as if she was angry with somebody (3)as if (it were) broken
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Volcanic ash showered down on the town after the e .
2.More human remains have been u in the north.
3.At last, after twenty hours on the boat, they arrived at their d .
4.It had been a success far b their expectations.
5.The only way I can cope with my mother is at a d .
6.Economic activity often follows a cyclical p .
答案 1.eruption 2.unearthed 3.destination
4.beyond 5.distance 6.pattern
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.The bookstore is conveniently (locate) in the centre of the town.
2.Before you use your lead pencil, you must (sharp) one end of it with a knife.
3.He rescued the boy drowning at the cost of his own life.
4.The birds there flew away in all (direction).
5.The weather was not good for our work at all, since the humidity was almost (bearable).
6.We can’t hold the two meetings the same time.
7.He hit his head against the wall in the (dark).
答案 1.located 2.sharpen 3.from 4.directions
5.unbearable 6.at 7.darkness
Ⅲ.选词填空
be separated from; roll away; along with; as if; in the distance; break out; far and wide; take the form of
1.He was facing eviction(驱逐), his wife and children.
2.The young leopard its mother, and it would be eaten by other beasts.
3.I turned and saw a brick .
4.I had a sensation of falling, in a dream.
5.People came from to do business with him.
6.The beautiful clouds a castle.
7.She caught a glimpse of a car .
8.Fires everywhere, so the entire city went up in flames.
答案 1.along with 2.was separated from
3.rolling away 4.as if 5.far and wide 6.take the form of 7.in the distance 8.broke out
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.China is clearly a rising economic, political and cultural power in the world and no one should be confused on this subject.
中国显然是一个正在崛起的世界经济、政治和文化强国, 在这个问题上任何人都不应感到困惑。
2.Miracles sometimes occur,but you have to work terribly for them.
奇迹有时候是会发生的, 但是你得为之拼命努力。
3.It is curious that physical courage should be so common in the world and moral courage so rare.
奇怪的是,这世上匹夫之勇比比皆是,而精神之勇却如此罕见。
4.Located off the coast of North-east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.
大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处,是地球上最大的生物。
英美文化
美篇导读
《董贝父子》是狄更斯最重要的作品之一,发表于1848年。小说描写了董贝公司的盛衰史。董贝是一个贪得无厌的大资本家,妻子和儿女都成了他追逐利益的工具。公司经理卡克尔是一个奸诈小人,骗取了董贝的信任后又使他破产。在现实的教训中,董贝的思想发生了转变。最后,他已无法重振家业,却拥有了真正的幸福家庭。
美篇呈现
Dombey and Son (Excerpt)
“I must have done① something,”said Florence.“Tell me what it is.You have changed your manner to me,dear Mama.I cannot say how instantly I feel the least change, for I love you with my whole heart.”
“As I do you,”said Edith.“Ah,Florence,believe me never more than now!”
“Why do you go away from me so often,and keep away② ”asked Florence.“And why do you sometimes look so strangely at me,dear Mama You do so,do you not ”
Edith signified③assent④ with her dark eyes.
“Why ”returned Florence imploringly⑤.“Tell me why,that I may know how to please you better, and tell me this shall not be so any more.”
“My Florence,”answered Edith,taking the hand that embraced her neck,and looking into the eyes that looked into hers so lovingly,as Florence knelt upon the ground before her,“why it is,I cannot tell you.It is neither for me to say,nor you to hear, but that it is,and that it must be,I know.Should I do it if I did not ”
“Are we to be estranged,Mama ”asked Florence,gazing at her like one frightened.
Edith’s silent lips formed “Yes”.
Florence looked at her with increasing fear and wonder,until she could see her no more through the blinding tears that ran down her face.
“Florence! my life!”said Edith,hurriedly⑥.“Listen to me.I cannot bear to see this grief.Be calmer.You see that I am composed,and is it nothing to me ”
She resumed⑦ her steady voice and manner as she said the latter words,and added presently:“Not wholly estranged.Partially⑧,and only that,in appearance,Florence,for in my own breast I am still the same to you,and ever will be.But what I do is not done for myself.”
董贝父子(节选)
“我一定做错什么事了,”弗洛伦斯说道,“请告诉我是什么吧。您对我的态度改变了,亲爱的妈妈。我说不出我是多么迅速地感觉到最细微的变化,因为我全心全意地爱您。”
“就像我爱你一样,”伊迪丝说道,“啊,弗洛伦斯,请相信我,我从没有比现在更强烈地爱你!”
“为什么您时常离开我、回避我呢 ”弗洛伦斯问道,“为什么您有时那么奇怪地看着我呢,亲爱的妈妈 您是这样的,难道不是吗 ”
伊迪丝用她的黑眼睛表示同意。
“为什么呢 ”弗洛伦斯恳求地问道,“告诉我为什么,这样我好知道怎样更好地使您高兴。请跟我说,我们不应当再这样了。”
“我亲爱的弗洛伦斯,”伊迪丝回答道,一边紧紧地握着搂抱住她脖子的手,注视着那双十分亲切地注视着她的眼睛,这时弗洛伦斯跪在她的面前,“这是什么原因,我不能告诉你。这是我不应当说的,也是你不应当听的。但事实就是这样,而且必须是这样的,这点我知道。如果我不知道的话,难道我会这样对待你吗 ”
“是不是我们必须相互疏远,妈妈 ”弗洛伦斯问道,像受了惊吓那样注视着她。
伊迪丝无声地动了动嘴唇,做出一个说“是”的形状。
弗洛伦斯带着更大的恐惧与惊异望着她,直到流到脸上的泪水模糊了她的眼睛,使她看不见伊迪丝为止。
“弗洛伦斯!我的心肝!”伊迪丝急忙说道,“请听我说。看到你这样悲伤,我受不了。冷静些。你看我是沉着冷静的,难道我做到这点容易吗 ”
她说最后几个字的时候,又恢复了镇静的声音与态度,并立即补充道:“不是完全疏远。只是一定程度上的疏远,仅仅在表面上装装样子,弗洛伦斯,因为在我的内心,我对你仍旧和过去一样,而且将永远这样。不过我这样做并不是为了我自己。”
知识积累
①must have done 一定做过某事
②keep away 避开
③signify v.表示;说明
④assent n.同意;赞成
⑤imploringly adv.恳求地
⑥hurriedly adv.仓促地;匆忙地;草率地
⑦resume v.重新开始;(中断后)继续;恢复
⑧partially adv.一定程度上;部分地;不完全地
素养链接
查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)是英国著名的批判现实主义作家。狄更斯一生共创作了14部长篇小说,许多中短篇小说和杂文、游记、戏剧、小品。他的代表作有描写劳资矛盾的《艰难时世》(1854)和描写1789年法国大革命的《双城记》(1859)。其他作品有《雾都孤儿》(1838),《老古玩店》(1841),《董贝父子》(1848),《大卫·科波菲尔》(1850)和《远大前程》(1861)等。狄更斯特别注意描写生活在英国社会底层的“小人物”的生活遭遇,深刻地反映了当时英国复杂的社会现实,为英国批判现实主义文学的开拓和发展做出了卓越的贡献。他的作品对英国文学发展起到了深远的影响。
2(共53张PPT)
UNIT 2 Natural disasters
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文章大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力, 学习能力）
2.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.基础单词
1.________vt. 使出土;挖掘;发掘;发现;找到
unearth
2.__________ n. 目的地;终点
destination
3.____n. 酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条;块;栏杆;障碍 vt.封;阻挡;阻止
bar
4._______ n. 进口产品;输入的产品;输入 vt. 进口;引进
import
5._______ n. 出口产品;输出的产品;出口;输出 vt. 出口;输出
export
6.____ vi. & vt. 翻滚;滚动;翻身;卷起 n. 卷;一管;翻滚
roll
7.______n. 树干
trunk
8.________ adv. 在（或向）较远处;在另一边 prep. 在（或向）更远处;超出;晚于;无法;
超出……之外
beyond
9._______n. 图案;花样;模式;范例;模型
pattern
10.________n. 柱;圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队;列
column
11._______ n. & vt. 救援;营救;抢救
rescue
12.______vt. 找出……的准确位置;把……安置在（建造于）
locate
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1.______vi.&vt.（火山）爆发;突然发生→________n.爆发;喷发
erupt
eruption
2.__________adj.难耐的;无法忍受的→________adj.可忍受的;支持得住的→_____vt.忍
受;承受 n.熊
unbearable
bearable
bear
3.________n.遥远;久远;距离;差异;疏远→_______adj.遥远的;冷淡的;不友好的
distance
distant
4.______adj. 灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→______adj.不锋利的;钝的
sharp
blunt
1.______好像;似乎
as if
2.___________连同……一起
along with
3._________________与……分离
be separated from
4.___________________在……上留下印记
leave one's mark on
5.an international tourist destination________________
国际旅游目的地
6.roll away__________
滚动移开
7.in the distance________
在远处
8.rescue effort__________
救援工作
9.far and wide____________
到处；各处
Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich
pattern of its floors.（as if引导状语从句的省略形式）
翻译 它的墙壁很新，就像昨天漆的一样；地板上丰富的图案没有一种颜色有变化。
仿写 The football player is rolling on the ground _______________in the leg.
那个足球运动员在地上滚来滚去,好像腿部受了重伤。
as if hurt badly
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Skim the passage on pages 25-26 and match the main ideas of each part.
A.Pompeii was destroyed by the eruption.
B.Pompeii was unearthed.
C.The introduction of Pompeii.
1.Part 1（Para.1）( )
C
2.Part 2（Paras.2-4）( )
A
3.Part 3（Para.5）( )
B
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 25-26 carefully and choose the best answer.
1.In which country was Pompeii located ( )
B
A.Greece. B.Roman. C.Peru. D.England.
2.What rhetoric （修辞） is used to describe the volcanic eruption ( )
C
A.Parallelism（排比）. B.Personification（拟人）.
C.Simile（明喻）. D.Exaggeration（夸张）.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ( )
A
A.The city of Pompeii was a typical model of the whole Roman Empire with little shops,tiny palaces,forum,wine bars and theatre.
B.During the volcanic eruption,all men and women cried with fear.
C.It is almost seven centuries before the city of Pompeii was discovered again.
D.The walls of Pompeii city were covered with ash and dirt long after being buried in the earth.
核心单词
知识点1 unbearable adj.难耐的；无法忍受的 ＊unbearably adv.不堪忍受地；无法容忍地 ＊bearable adj.可忍受的；支持得住的 ＊bear v.忍受；承受
（P26）...and now again it burnt with an unbearable light! ……时而它又烧起来，放出刺眼的强光!
知识拓展
unbearable pain 无法忍受的疼痛
can't bear sth 接受不了某物
经典佳句
She could not bear the relentless music and turned down the volume.
她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。
Helen's behaviour was often unbearable.
海伦的行为常常令人难以忍受。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用bear的适当形式填空
（1）War has made life almost __________for the civilians remaining in the capital.
unbearable
（2）A cool breeze made the heat________.
bearable
（3）In other places, like Egypt, it is___________hot.
unbearably
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）I just __________the thought of having to start all over.
我想都不敢想要从头开始。
can't bear
（5）It is ______________________________ and it can't be allowed to go on.
这种情形令人无法容忍,不应该被允许继续下去。
an unbearable/intolerable situation
知识点2 rescue n.&vt.救援；营救；抢救
（P27）Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land.
狗在陆地上的救援工作中很有帮助。
知识拓展
rescue sb/sth from... 从……中营救出某人/某物
come/go/run to one's rescue 来/去援救某人
rescue workers 救援人员
经典佳句
Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防队员撞开门,把他们救了出来。
No one came to their rescue until the following day.
直到第二天才有人来救他们。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I didn't know anybody at the party, but the hostess came___my rescue.
to
（2）The lifeboat rescued the sailors______the sinking boat.
from
Ⅱ.翻译句子
（3）他被人从着火的大楼里救了出来。
_____________________________________
He was rescued from a burning building.
（4）这个老人跑去援救她。
_____________________________
The old man ran to her rescue.
知识点3 sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的 ＊sharply adv.严厉地；尖锐地；急剧地 ＊sharpen v.削尖；改善；提高；变锋利
（P27）Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate survivors much faster than humans can.
因为狗体形小,嗅觉灵敏,它们找到幸存者的速度要比人快得多。
知识拓展
sharp teeth 锋利的牙齿
a sharp drop in prices 价格的骤降
a sharp outline 清晰的轮廓
sharp eyes 敏锐的眼睛
a sharp tongue 说话尖刻
经典佳句
With a sharp knife，make diagonal slashes in the chicken breast.
用锋利的刀斜着切开鸡胸脯。
As the man came near,the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.
当那个人走近时，囚犯猛地一拳把他打倒在地。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）His words drew ______________from people on both sides of the issue.
他的言辞激起了关于这个问题双方的强烈反应。
sharp reactions
（2）There has been ____________in the number of people out of work.
失业人数急剧增长。
a sharp rise
（3）Connie had ____________for artworks.
康妮对艺术品有敏锐的眼光。
a sharp eye
（4）There has been _________________in economic growth.
在经济增长方面一直存在急剧的减速。
a sharp slowdown
（5）Despite her ____________, she inspires loyalty from her friends.
她尽管说话尖刻,但却能获得朋友们的忠诚。
sharp tongue
知识点4 locate v.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在（建造于） ＊located adj.位于；坐落在 ＊location n.位置；地点；定位
（P27）Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate survivors much faster than humans can.
因为狗体形小,嗅觉灵敏,它们找到幸存者的速度要比人快得多。
知识拓展
locate sb in/at... 发现某人在某处
locate in 在……定居
be located in/on 坐落于；位于
经典佳句
All the teachers are against the idea to locate the new teaching building beside the sports ground. They suggest the new building should be located in the center of school, although learning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher.
所有的老师都反对把新教学大楼设在运动场旁边的想法。尽管学习与时间、地点或教师的在场与否无关,他们还是建议新建筑应该坐落于学校的中心。
名师点拨
be located in 往往指“位于……内部”,in后面一般跟城市、地区等。
be located on往往指“位于……上”,介词on后面一般跟河流、海岸线等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I have to find a convenient________（locate） for the shelves.
location
（2）My company has been located____the West Coast while my brother's has been
located___the city.
on
in
（3）It's one of the world's largest chains of golf shops,_______（locate） in the
heart of Shanghai.
located
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）As for where exactly you should go for the week's trip, I recommend the
Summer Palace, the largest surviving royal garden in
China,_______________________________________.
至于这周你应该去哪里旅行,我推荐颐和园,它是中国现存最大的皇家园林。 它位于北
京市海淀区。
which is located in Haidian District,Beijing
（5）______________________________, the Palace Museum is the symbol of ancient
Chinese palace buildings. That is why I strongly advise you to visit it.
故宫博物院位于北京市中心,是中国古代宫殿建筑的象征。 那就是我强烈建议你去参
观它的原因。
Located in the center of Beijing
短语句式
知识点5 break out 突然开始；爆发
（P26）The cries of women broke out; the men looked at each other, but were silent.
女人们开始尖叫;男人们面面相觑,但没有作声。
知识拓展
break up （使）破碎;结束;（使）解散
break away from 突然挣脱；逃脱；脱离（政党等）;背叛
break off 突然停止;中断（谈判）;断绝（关系）;折断
break in 打断（说话）;插嘴说;闯入
break down 打破;（机器）坏了;出故障；（计划、谈判）失败;拆开
break into 破门而入;打断（谈话）
经典佳句
After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后，很多设备受损。
She broke up the glass in search of her notebook.
她在找笔记本时把玻璃杯打破了。
名师点拨
break out强调战争、疾病、火灾等的突然爆发，一般不用于被动语态。
融会应用 用break相关短语的适当形式填空
（1）We are sorry to arrive late, but the car____________.
broke down
（2）The thieves __________the office and stole some money.
broke into
（3）These two countries have___________relations again.
broken off
（4）I was still sleeping when the fire__________, and then it spread quickly.
broke out
（5）The ice will_________when the warm weather comes.
break up
知识点6 in the distance 在远处
（P26）At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
那一刻，他们感到大地在脚下晃动；他们听到远处屋顶坍塌的巨响。
知识拓展
from a distance 从远处
at a distance of 在……远的地方
keep one's distance （from） （与……）保持距离
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人疏远;与某人保持一定距离
经典佳句
The sound of the car died away in the distance.
小轿车发出的声响消逝在远处。
Most of the wild animals must be watched from a distance, especially the bison.
大部分野生动物必须远距离观赏，尤其是野牛。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）You can hear dogs bark______________in the dark.
你可以听见黑暗中远方的狗叫声。
in the distance
（2）The radio should be placed _________________________________from the
screen.
收音机应放在距离屏幕至少4米远的地方。
at a distance of at least four meters
（3）Jay had always tended to___________________________.
杰伊总是倾向于与他的朋友们保持距离。
keep his friends at a distance
知识点7 far and wide 到处；各处
（P26）Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noisy crash in the stormy sea—fell that awful shower!
可怕的熔岩雨砸下来了，落在空荡荡的街道上、广场上,到处都是,落在波涛汹涌的大海里,发出阵阵巨响。
知识拓展
near and far 四面八方;到处
here and there 各处;到处
all around 周围;到处;四处
from place to place 到处;各处
up and down 上上下下;各处
经典佳句
Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
然后,这个人把书放在一个公共场所,希望这本书会有一次冒险,和每一个发现它的新读者一起到处旅行。
They searched far and wide for the missing child.
他们四处搜寻失踪的小孩。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Visitors came from____________.
游客来自四面八方。
near and far
（2）Their hair drops______________.
他们的头发掉得到处都是。
here and there
（3）The boat rocked _____________in rhythm with the sea.
小船随着大海的节奏上下晃动。
up and down
（4）Beautiful butterflies are flying__________.
美丽的蝴蝶正四处飞舞。
all around
（5）The composition and levels of air pollution_______________________.
空气污染的组成和程度因地而异。
vary from place to place
知识点8 状语从句的省略形式
（P26）Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
它的墙壁很新,就像昨天漆的一样;地板上丰富的图案的颜色没有一种有变化。
知识拓展
句中的as if painted yesterday为as if引导的状语从句的省略形式，其完整形式为as if they had been painted yesterday。
（1）as if作从属连词时引导的方式状语从句常用省略形式,后可接动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、名词、形容词和介词短语等。
He stared at the girl as if seeing her for the first time.（as if后接动词-ing形式）
他盯着那个女孩,好像第一次看见她。
She talked to the stranger while walking as if absent-minded.（as if后接形容词）
她边走边和那位陌生人交谈,好像心不在焉。
（2）as if引导从句时，若as if引导的从句表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性,通常用陈述语气;若表示的不是真实情况,而是主观想象或夸大性的比喻,从句则要用虚拟语气。当从句表示的情况与现在的事实相反,谓语动词用过去式;表示的情况与过去事实相反,谓语动词要用“had done”;表示的情况与将来情况可能相反,谓语动词则用“would/could/might+动词原形”。谓语动词形式视需要表达的意义而定,不受主句动词时态的影响。
The boss speaks aloud as if she is angry.
老板说话声音很大,她好像真的生气了。（她可能真的生气了）
The boss speaks aloud as if she were angry.
老板说话声音很大,好像她生气了一样。（其实她并没有生气,可能她说话就是这个特点）
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He acts _____________________________.
他表现得像个警察。
as if （he were） a policeman
（2）She sat in the corner of the room without a word
_________________________________.
她坐在房间的角落,一言不发,似乎在跟谁生气。
as if she was angry with somebody
（3）When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks _______________________.
当铅笔的一部分在一杯水中时,它看上去好像折断了似的。
as if （it were） broken
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Volcanic ash showered down on the town after the e_______.
ruption
2.More human remains have been u_________in the north.
nearthed
3.At last, after twenty hours on the boat, they arrived at their d_________.
estination
4.It had been a success far b_______their expectations.
eyond
5.The only way I can cope with my mother is at a d_______.
istance
6.Economic activity often follows a cyclical p______.
attern
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.The bookstore is conveniently_______（locate） in the centre of the town.
located
2.Before you use your lead pencil, you must________（sharp） one end of it with a
knife.
sharpen
3.He rescued the boy______drowning at the cost of his own life.
from
4.The birds there flew away in all__________（direction）.
directions
5.The weather was not good for our work at all, since the humidity was
almost__________（bearable）.
unbearable
6.We can't hold the two meetings___the same time.
at
7.He hit his head against the wall in the_________（dark）.
darkness
Ⅲ.选词填空
be separated from; roll away; along with; as if； in the distance； break out； far
and wide； take the form of
1.He was facing eviction（驱逐）, ___________his wife and children.
along with
2.The young leopard __________________its mother, and it would be eaten by other
beasts.
was separated from
3.I turned and saw a brick____________.
rolling away
4.I had a sensation of falling,______in a dream.
as if
5.People came from _____________ to do business with him.
far and wide
6.The beautiful clouds ________________ a castle.
7.She caught a glimpse of a car______________ .
8.Fires __________ everywhere, so the entire city went up in flames.
take the form of
in the distance
broke out
1.China is clearly a rising economic, political and cultural power in the world and no one should be confused on this subject.
中国显然是一个正在崛起的世界经济、政治和文化强国, 在这个问题上任何人都不应感到困惑。
2.Miracles sometimes occur,but you have to work terribly for them.
奇迹有时候是会发生的, 但是你得为之拼命努力。
3.It is curious that physical courage should be so common in the world and moral courage so rare.
奇怪的是，这世上匹夫之勇比比皆是，而精神之勇却如此罕见。
4.Located off the coast of North-east Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.
大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处,是地球上最大的生物。
美篇导读
《董贝父子》是狄更斯最重要的作品之一，发表于1848年。小说描写了董贝公司的盛衰史。董贝是一个贪得无厌的大资本家，妻子和儿女都成了他追逐利益的工具。公司经理卡克尔是一个奸诈小人，骗取了董贝的信任后又使他破产。在现实的教训中，董贝的思想发生了转变。最后，他已无法重振家业，却拥有了真正的幸福家庭。
美篇呈现
Dombey and Son （Excerpt）
“I must have done① something，”said Florence.“Tell me what it is. You have changed your manner to me，dear Mama. I cannot say how instantly I feel the least change， for I love you with my whole heart.”
“As I do you，”said Edith.“Ah，Florence，believe me never more than now！”
“Why do you go away from me so often，and keep away②？”asked Florence.“And why do you sometimes look so strangely at me，dear Mama？ You do so，do you not？”
Edith signified③assent④ with her dark eyes.
“Why？”returned Florence imploringly⑤.“Tell me why，that I may know how to please you better， and tell me this shall not be so any more.”
“My Florence，”answered Edith，taking the hand that embraced her neck，and looking into the eyes that looked into hers so lovingly，as Florence knelt upon the ground before her，“why it is，I cannot tell you. It is neither for me to say，nor
you to hear， but that it is，and that it must be，I know. Should I do it if I did not？”
“Are we to be estranged，Mama？”asked Florence，gazing at her like one frightened.
Edith's silent lips formed “Yes”.
Florence looked at her with increasing fear and wonder，until she could see her no more through the blinding tears that ran down her face.
“Florence！ my life！”said Edith，hurriedly⑥.“Listen to me. I cannot bear to see this grief. Be calmer. You see that I am composed，and is it nothing to me？”
She resumed⑦ her steady voice and manner as she said the latter words，and added presently:“Not wholly estranged. Partially⑧，and only that，in appearance，Florence，for in my own breast I am still the same to you，and ever will be. But what I do is not done for myself.”
董贝父子（节选）
“我一定做错什么事了，”弗洛伦斯说道，“请告诉我是什么吧。您对我的态度改变了，亲爱的妈妈。我说不出我是多么迅速地感觉到最细微的变化，因为我全心全意地爱您。”
“就像我爱你一样，”伊迪丝说道，“啊，弗洛伦斯，请相信我，我从没有比现在更强烈地爱你！”
“为什么您时常离开我、回避我呢？”弗洛伦斯问道，“为什么您有时那么奇怪地看着我呢，亲爱的妈妈？您是这样的，难道不是吗？”
伊迪丝用她的黑眼睛表示同意。
“为什么呢？”弗洛伦斯恳求地问道，“告诉我为什么，这样我好知道怎样更好地使您高兴。请跟我说，我们不应当再这样了。” #b#
“我亲爱的弗洛伦斯，”伊迪丝回答道，一边紧紧地握着搂抱住她脖子的手，注视着那双十分亲切地注视着她的眼睛，这时弗洛伦斯跪在她的面前，“这是什么原因，我不能告诉你。这是我不应当说的，也是你不应当听的。但事实就是这样，而且必须是这样的，这点我知道。如果我不知道的话，难道我会这样对待你吗？”
“是不是我们必须相互疏远，妈妈？”弗洛伦斯问道，像受了惊吓那样注视着她。
伊迪丝无声地动了动嘴唇，做出一个说“是”的形状。
弗洛伦斯带着更大的恐惧与惊异望着她，直到流到脸上的泪水模糊了她的眼睛，使她看不见伊迪丝为止。
“弗洛伦斯！我的心肝！”伊迪丝急忙说道，“请听我说。看到你这样悲伤，我受不了。冷静些。你看我是沉着冷静的，难道我做到这点容易吗？”
她说最后几个字的时候，又恢复了镇静的声音与态度，并立即补充道:“不是完全疏远。只是一定程度上的疏远，仅仅在表面上装装样子，弗洛伦斯，因为在我的内心，我对你仍旧和过去一样，而且将永远这样。不过我这样做并不是为了我自己。”
知识积累
①must have done 一定做过某事
②keep away 避开
③signify v.表示；说明
④assent n.同意；赞成
⑤imploringly adv.恳求地
⑥hurriedly adv.仓促地；匆忙地；草率地
⑦resume v.重新开始；（中断后）继续；恢复
⑧partially adv.一定程度上；部分地；不完全地
素养链接
查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）是英国著名的批判现实主义作家。狄更斯一生共创作了14部长篇小说，许多中短篇小说和杂文、游记、戏剧、小品。他的代表作有描写劳资矛盾的《艰难时世》（1854）和描写1789年法国大革命的《双城记》（1859）。其他作品有《雾都孤儿》（1838），《老古玩店》（1841），《董贝父子》（1848），《大卫·科波菲尔》（1850）和《远大前程》（1861）等。狄更斯特别注意描写生活在英国社会底层的“小人物”的生活遭遇，深刻地反映了当时英国复杂的社会现实，为英国批判现实主义文学的开拓和发展做出了卓越的贡献。他的作品对英国文学发展起到了深远的影响。
