中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
语法基础知识------主谓一致
知识讲解
中考在主谓一致方面主要考查主语与谓语动词的一致性、there be句型的主谓一致及时态。由一些固定词连接主语的句子中的主谓一致原则，如with，as well as，both...and...，either...or...等，考生尤其要注意。
一、语法一致原则
语法一致即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。
1．当and连接两个或多个名词，或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Tom and Mike are good friends.
汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.
露西和莉莉都是学生。
2．不定代词either，neither，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Is there anything wrong with your bike
你的自行车有什么毛病吗？
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.
大家都为运动会做好准备了。
3．由each，each...and each...，every...and every...，every作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.
每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。
4．主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，more than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如：
Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.
格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。
5．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
A number of trees are cut down.
许多树木被砍倒了。
The number of students in our class is 32.
我们班学生人数为32。
6．“a lot of(lots of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Lots of people have been there.
很多人去过那儿。
7．由“a pair(a kind，a series...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.
一副太阳镜放在桌子上。
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.
每天能制作15双鞋。
8．某些只有复数形式的名词如clothes，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves等作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。如：
My shoes were worn out.
我的鞋子穿坏了。
9．不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Reading is learning.
读书就是学习。
二、意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
1．由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.
那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们做报告。
The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.
那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。
2．集体名词如family，team，crowd，company, class，group，government等，如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
My family is a small one with three people.
我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。
3．people，police，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The police are helping a girl find her mother.
警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。
三、就近原则
有时谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的名词保持一致，这种原则叫做就近原则，又叫做邻近原则。
1．由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)．..，not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：
Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.
不但我父母而且我也盼望看到我叔叔。
Not only Jim but also his parents want to live in China.
不仅吉姆而且他的父母也想居住在中国。
He or you have taken my pen.
他或你拿了我的钢笔。
2．there be...和here be...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如：
There is an apple and two bananas on the table.
桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
四、整体原则
1．从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
When to leave has not been decided.
何时离开还没有决定。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛不好。
注：如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句，谓语动词常用复数。如：
What he said and what he did were always different last night.
昨晚他所说和所做总是不同。
2．如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。如：
The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.
小说家兼诗人明年打算去欧洲。
The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.
小说家和诗人明年打算去欧洲。
3．表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
10 minutes is enough.
十分钟就够了。
4．加减乘除等数学运算中，谓语动词通常用单数。
Two and three is five.
二加三等于五。
5．“the＋姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人，……夫妇”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The Blacks are enjoying working in China.
布莱克一家喜欢在中国工作。
五、个体原则
1．“every＋...and every＋...”或“each＋...and each＋...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Every man and every woman is busy at working.
每个男人和每个妇女都在忙于工作。
2．英语句中的each，either，neither等词作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Neither of us has been abroad.
我们谁都没有出过国。
Neither answer is wrong.
两个答案都是错的。
3．由some，any，every，no构成的复合词somebody，nobody，everything，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.
有人正在学校门口等你。
4．成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a，the pair of，the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词pair，suit，piece在单复数上保持一致。如：
Two pieces of paper are on the desk.
两张纸在书桌上。
5．以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义，如maths，physics，news等，谓语用单数。如：
Physics is my favorite subject.
物理是我最喜欢的科目。
6．“the＋形容词(old /young /rich /poor)”表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数。如：
The young like listening to popular songs.
年轻人喜欢听流行歌曲。
语法过关小练习
一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1．In our school library，there _______(be)a number of books on science，and in these years the number of them ______(be)growing larger and larger.
2．Neither my sister nor I ______(have)ever been to America before.
3．Doing enough exercise _____(be)good for your health.
4．Everyone except Tom and John _______(be)there when the meeting began.
5．How time flies！We'll graduate.Three years ______(be)really a short time.
6．A woman with a baby in her arms ______(be)sitting over there now.
7．I'm pleased to see that the number of trees _______(be)becoming larger and larger in our town.
8．One of my friends _______(have)moved to Canada.
9．The shoes in the shop ______(be)nice and cheap.Let's go and have a look.
10．A pair of socks _______(be)on the bed.
11．Not only he but also she _______(run)every morning.
12．He is the only one of the students who ______(have)been a winner of scholarship for three years.
13．The teacher and the headmaster _____(be)having a meeting now.
14．The teacher and headmaster _______(be)very kind and hard working.
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
come seem help look go have be do knock try
1．Not only my parents but also my brother _______ interested in playing chess.
2．This pair of glasses _______ nice.
3．Tom，with his two friends，________ to the zoo already.
4．Listen！Someone ________ at the door outside.
5．Neither of the two girls _____ so many clothes.
6．—Lily likes singing.
—So ________ her sister.
7．The police often ________ people who are in need.
8．Both the two boys ______ on the coat，but it was too big for them.
9．Reading in the sun ______ to be harmful to your eyes.
10．Eight percent of the students in our school ______ from that village.
三、阅读理解
More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot to organize such games by the end of this century.That's the prediction of a study that forecasts(预测)temperatures and snow cover for the 21 host cities.
“The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate(全球气候)continues to warm，” says Daniel Scott，a climate change researcher in Canada.He led a team of researchers to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080，because the Winter Olympic Games are usually held in February.
Scott's team started with looking at historical winter conditions.The researchers found that average(平均的)February temperatures rose from 0.4℃ at the sites of games held in the 1920s through 1950s to 3.1℃ in the 1960s through 1990s.Since 2000，average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host sites are now about 7.8℃.The researchers then used computer models to predict conditions in the future.Their model predicted that by 2050，the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host sites will likely increase an extra 1.9 to 2.1℃.By 2080，temperatures will rise by 2.7 to 4.4℃ over what they are today.
Scott's team also studied the influence of these temperatures on snow.Many winter sports need a base of at least 30cm of snow.The researchers thought that a city could no longer organize outdoor games if it'd have less than this amount.Besides，daytime warmth can influence the quality(质量)of snow.Warming can make ski(滑雪)courses too fast or too slow.Skiing__at__an__Olympic__level__already__can__be__a__dangerous__activity__and__nobody__want__to__risk__his__life.
If Winter Olympics organizers want reliable cold temperatures，researchers say，they will have to hold the games at high altitudes(海拔)．But few cities could meet this requirement.
( )1.What did Daniel Scott and his team do in their study
A．They predicted the future temperatures in 21 host cities.
B．They predicted the future global temperatures.
C．They studied global historical winter conditions.
D．They studied how snow became less in 21 host cities.
( )2.According to the study，we can learn that the average February temperatures in Winter Olympic host cities ________．
A．are difficult to predict
B．have changed as predicted
C．have increased gradually
D．will be about 12℃ in 2050
( )3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 really want to say
A．Skiing is a very dangerous sport.
B．Poor snow quality always reduces speed.
C．Olympic players need to be skillful enough.
D．Poor snow quality increases the risk of accidents.
( )4.What can be the BEST title for the text
A．21 cities once held Winter Olympics
B．Global warming makes winter sports impossible
C．Climate change influences future Winter Olympics
D．A team made predictions about future winter temperatures
四、任务型阅读
下面文章中有五处(第1－5题)需要添加小标题，请从选项A－F中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。
We all go through difficult times.We meet problems at home，at school and at work.Knowing how to be emotionally(情感上)strong will help you deal with these difficult situations.And luckily，you can achieve this by following some simple steps.
1.____
Fill your lungs(肺)with air and imagine it filling the rest of your body，and then let it out.At the same time，imagine all the upsetting things flow out as you breathe out.When doing this in a difficult situation，you also improve your ability to relieve(减轻)stress.
2.____
Think about what you like most about yourself.And then remind yourself about them every day to be more confident.Pay attention to your positive qualities and to how you can make the most out of them.
3.____
A good sense of humor is important.Don't take everything too seriously.Especially when you are under heavy pressure or face a hard situation，laughing it off will help you become more relaxed，thus more in control.
4.____
There are many things you can't control.However，you can control your emotions，your thoughts and your actions.So don't let your emotions control you，and don't let little things get to you either.Though you may be unable to control everything，you can make the most out of what you can.In this way，you'll be emotionally strong.
5．____
Your experiences and what you have learned from them，as well as the decisions you made when faced with challenges，will help you in learning how to be emotionally strong.Just remember to stick to your strengths and be true to yourself.
A．Forget bad memories.
B．Realize your values.
C．Be in control of yourself.
D．Remember to laugh.
E．Breathe in slowly and deeply.
F．Learn from your previous experiences.
五、完形填空
Secret Superstar is a great Indian film.It tells a story of a teenage girl Insia going after her dream with the help of her mother Najma and their fighting with the cruel father and husband Faroolch.
Insia loved singing，but her father Farookh was __1__ her dream of becoming a singer.To __2__ Insia，Najma sold her necklace(项链)to buy Insia a laptop.In order not to be found by her father Insia dressed __3__ up in a niqab(尼卡布面纱)and recorded a song on YouTube under the name of “Secret Superstar”．One day，when Farookh asked Najma to wear the necklace to a party，Najma started making __4__．Realizing Najma had sold __5__，Faroolch beat Najma so hard and asked Insia to throw away the laptop.
Soon Insia got the __6__ of Shakti，a talented music director.They met and recorded a song.The Secret Superstar's fame __7__ with the song and “Secret Superstar” was nominated(提名)as the best singer.__8__ Insia expected to attend the ceremony when hearing about the good news.
__9__，Insia's happiness was short lived.Farookh __10__ Insia to marry a Saudi boy and he would take the whole family to Saudi Arabia.Shakti tried to make Insia stay and attend the ceremony，but thinking of her poor mother，Insia said she had no choice.It seemed Insia had to __11__．
On the day they left，Insia had __12__ to take except her beloved guitar.At the airport，Farookh got so __13__ and shouted at Insia as he thought the guitar was a total waste of time and money.For the first time，Najma made up her mind to leave Farookh forever.She couldn't __14__ Farookh anymore.She took Insia out of the airport __15__．
And for the first time，they felt they were on a way towards freedom and happiness.
( )1.
A．under B．below
C．for D．against
( )2.A.educate B．support
C．manage D．doubt
( )3.A.she B．her
C．herself D．itself
( )4.A.requests B．suggestions
C．excuses D．decisions
( )5.A.these B．this
C．them D．it
( B )6.A.promise B．attention
C．reply D．answer
( )7.A.announced B．increased
C．progressed D．appeared
( )8.A.So B．Such
C．How D．What
( )9.A.However B．Instead
C．Soon D．Still
( )10.A.forced B．pulled
C．cheated D．introduced
( )11.A.take off B．give up
C．talk back D．start with
( )12.A.something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
( )13.A.embarrassed B．mad
C．impolite D．excited
( )14.A.stand B．prevent
C．consider D．challenge
( )15.A.luckily B．easily
C．gradually D．bravely
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主谓一致
语法基础复习
中考在主谓一致方面主要考查主语与谓语动词的一致性、there be句型的主谓一致及时态。由一些固定词连接主语的句子中的主谓一致原则，如with，as well as，both...and...，either...or...等，考生尤其要注意。
一、语法一致原则
语法一致即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。
1．当and连接两个或多个名词，或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Tom and Mike are good friends.
汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.
露西和莉莉都是学生。
2．不定代词either，neither，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Is there anything wrong with your bike
你的自行车有什么毛病吗？
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.
大家都为运动会做好准备了。
3．由each，each...and each...，every...and every...，every作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.
每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。
4．主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，more than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如：
Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.
格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。
5．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
A number of trees are cut down.
许多树木被砍倒了。
The number of students in our class is 32.
我们班学生人数为32。
6．“a lot of(lots of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Lots of people have been there.
很多人去过那儿。
7．由“a pair(a kind，a series...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.
一副太阳镜放在桌子上。
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.
每天能制作15双鞋。
8．某些只有复数形式的名词如clothes，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves等作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。如：
My shoes were worn out.
我的鞋子穿坏了。
9．不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Reading is learning.
读书就是学习。
二、意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
1．由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.
那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们做报告。
The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.
那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。
2．集体名词如family，team，crowd，company, class，group，government等，如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
My family is a small one with three people.
我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。
3．people，police，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The police are helping a girl find her mother.
警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。
三、就近原则
有时谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的名词保持一致，这种原则叫做就近原则，又叫做邻近原则。
1．由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)．..，not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：
Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.
不但我父母而且我也盼望看到我叔叔。
Not only Jim but also his parents want to live in China.
不仅吉姆而且他的父母也想居住在中国。
He or you have taken my pen.
他或你拿了我的钢笔。
2．there be...和here be...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如：
There is an apple and two bananas on the table.
桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。
四、整体原则
1．从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
When to leave has not been decided.
何时离开还没有决定。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛不好。
注：如果主语是两个(或两个以上)的名词性从句，谓语动词常用复数。如：
What he said and what he did were always different last night.
昨晚他所说和所做总是不同。
2．如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。如：
The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.
小说家兼诗人明年打算去欧洲。
The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.
小说家和诗人明年打算去欧洲。
3．表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
10 minutes is enough.
十分钟就够了。
4．加减乘除等数学运算中，谓语动词通常用单数。
Two and three is five.
二加三等于五。
5．“the＋姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人，……夫妇”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The Blacks are enjoying working in China.
布莱克一家喜欢在中国工作。
五、个体原则
1．“every＋...and every＋...”或“each＋...and each＋...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Every man and every woman is busy at working.
每个男人和每个妇女都在忙于工作。
2．英语句中的each，either，neither等词作代词充当主语，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Neither of us has been abroad.
我们谁都没有出过国。
Neither answer is wrong.
两个答案都是错的。
3．由some，any，every，no构成的复合词somebody，nobody，everything，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate.
有人正在学校门口等你。
4．成双成对出现的复数名词如glasses，shoes，trousers，pants，gloves等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但前面有a，the pair of，the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要与量词pair，suit，piece在单复数上保持一致。如：
Two pieces of paper are on the desk.
两张纸在书桌上。
5．以复数形式出现，却表示单数意义，如maths，physics，news等，谓语用单数。如：
Physics is my favorite subject.
物理是我最喜欢的科目。
6．“the＋形容词(old /young /rich /poor)”表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数。如：
The young like listening to popular songs.
年轻人喜欢听流行歌曲。
一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1．In our school library，there ______(be)a number of books on science，and in these years the number of them _____(be)growing larger and larger.
2．Neither my sister nor I ________(have)ever been to America before.
3．Doing enough exercise _____(be)good for your health.
4．Everyone except Tom and John _______ (be)there when the meeting began.
5．How time flies！We'll graduate.Three years _____(be)really a short time.
6．A woman with a baby in her arms _____(be)sitting over there now.
7．I'm pleased to see that the number of trees _____(be)becoming larger and larger in our town.
are
is
have
is
was
is
is
is
语法过关小练习
8．One of my friends ______(have)moved to Canada.
9．The shoes in the shop ______(be)nice and cheap.Let's go and have a look.
10．A pair of socks _____(be)on the bed.
11．Not only he but also she ________(run)every morning.
12．He is the only one of the students who ______ (have)been a winner of scholarship for three years.
13．The teacher and the headmaster ______(be)having a meeting now.
14．The teacher and headmaster ____ (be)very kind and hard working.
has
are
is
runs
has
are
is
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
come seem help look go
have be do knock try
1．Not only my parents but also my brother _____ interested in playing chess.
2．This pair of glasses ________ nice.
3．Tom，with his two friends，____________ to the zoo already.
4．Listen！Someone ______________ at the door outside.
5．Neither of the two girls _______ so many clothes.
6．—Lily likes singing.
—So ________ her sister.
is
looks
has gone
is knocking
has
does
7．The police often ________ people who are in need.
8．Both the two boys ________ on the coat，but it was too big for them.
9．Reading in the sun _________ to be harmful to your eyes.
10．Eight percent of the students in our school ________ from that village.
help
tried
seems
come
三、阅读理解
More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot to organize such games by the end of this century.That's the prediction of a study that forecasts(预测)temperatures and snow cover for the 21 host cities.
“The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate(全球气候)continues to warm，” says Daniel Scott，a climate change researcher in Canada.He led a team of researchers to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080，because the Winter Olympic Games are usually held in February.
Scott's team started with looking at historical winter conditions.The researchers found that average(平均的)February temperatures rose from 0.4℃ at the sites of games held in the 1920s through 1950s to 3.1℃ in the 1960s through 1990s.Since 2000，average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host sites are now about 7.8℃.The researchers then used computer models to predict conditions in the future.Their model predicted that by 2050，the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host sites will likely increase an extra 1.9 to 2.1℃.By 2080，temperatures will rise by 2.7 to 4.4℃ over what they are today.
Scott's team also studied the influence of these temperatures on snow.Many winter sports need a base of at least 30cm of snow.The researchers thought that a city could no longer organize outdoor games if it'd have less than this amount.
Besides，daytime warmth can influence the quality(质量)of snow.Warming can make ski(滑雪)courses too fast or too slow.Skiing at an Olympic level already can be a dangerous activity and nobody want to risk his life.
If Winter Olympics organizers want reliable cold temperatures，researchers say，they will have to hold the games at high altitudes(海拔)．But few cities could meet this requirement.
( )1.What did Daniel Scott and his team do in their study
A．They predicted the future temperatures in 21 host cities.
B．They predicted the future global temperatures.
C．They studied global historical winter conditions.
D．They studied how snow became less in 21 host cities.
( )2.According to the study，we can learn that the average February temperatures in Winter Olympic host cities ________．
A．are difficult to predict
B．have changed as predicted
C．have increased gradually
D．will be about 12℃ in 2050
A
C
( )3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 really want to say
A．Skiing is a very dangerous sport.
B．Poor snow quality always reduces speed.
C．Olympic players need to be skillful enough.
D．Poor snow quality increases the risk of accidents.
( )4.What can be the BEST title for the text
A．21 cities once held Winter Olympics
B．Global warming makes winter sports impossible
C．Climate change influences future Winter Olympics
D．A team made predictions about future winter temperatures
D
C
四、任务型阅读
下面文章中有五处(第1－5题)需要添加小标题，请从选项A－F中选出符合各段意思的小标题，选项中有一项是多余选项。
We all go through difficult times.We meet problems at home，at school and at work.Knowing how to be emotionally(情感上)strong will help you deal with these difficult situations.And luckily，you can achieve this by following some simple steps.
1.______
Fill your lungs(肺)with air and imagine it filling the rest of your body，and then let it out.At the same time，imagine all the upsetting things flow out as you breathe out.When doing this in a difficult situation，you also improve your ability to relieve(减轻)stress.
E
2.______
Think about what you like most about yourself.And then remind yourself about them every day to be more confident.Pay attention to your positive qualities and to how you can make the most out of them.
3.______
A good sense of humor is important.Don't take everything too seriously.Especially when you are under heavy pressure or face a hard situation，laughing it off will help you become more relaxed，thus more in control.
B
D
4.______
There are many things you can't control.However，you can control your emotions，your thoughts and your actions.So don't let your emotions control you，and don't let little things get to you either.Though you may be unable to control everything，you can make the most out of what you can.In this way，you'll be emotionally strong.
5．______
Your experiences and what you have learned from them，as well as the decisions you made when faced with challenges，will help you in learning how to be emotionally strong.Just remember to stick to your strengths and be true to yourself.
C
F
A．Forget bad memories.
B．Realize your values.
C．Be in control of yourself.
D．Remember to laugh.
E．Breathe in slowly and deeply.
F．Learn from your previous experiences.
五、完形填空
Secret Superstar is a great Indian film.It tells a story of a teenage girl Insia going after her dream with the help of her mother Najma and their fighting with the cruel father and husband Faroolch.
Insia loved singing，but her father Farookh was __1__ her dream of becoming a singer.To __2__ Insia，
Najma sold her necklace(项链)to buy Insia a laptop.In order not to be found by her father Insia dressed __3__ up in a niqab(尼卡布面纱)and recorded a song on YouTube under the name of “Secret Superstar”．One day，when Farookh asked Najma to wear the necklace to a party，Najma started making __4__．Realizing
Najma had sold __5__，Faroolch beat Najma so hard and asked Insia to throw away the laptop.
Soon Insia got the __6__ of Shakti，a talented music director.They met and recorded a song.The Secret Superstar's fame __7__ with the song and “Secret Superstar” was nominated(提名)as the best singer.__8__ Insia expected to attend the ceremony when hearing about the good news.
__9__，Insia's happiness was short lived.Farookh __10__ Insia to marry a Saudi boy and he would take the whole family to Saudi Arabia.Shakti tried to make Insia stay and attend the ceremony，but thinking of her poor mother，Insia said she had no choice.It seemed Insia had to __11__．
On the day they left，Insia had __12__ to take except her beloved guitar.At the airport，Farookh got so __13__ and shouted at Insia as he thought the guitar was a total waste of time and money.For the first time，Najma made up her mind to leave Farookh forever.She couldn't __14__ Farookh anymore.She took Insia out of the airport __15__．
And for the first time，they felt they were on a way towards freedom and happiness.
( )1.A．under B．below
C．for D．against
( )2.A.educate B．support
C．manage D．doubt
( )3.A.she B．her
C．herself D．itself
( )4.A.requests B．suggestions
C．excuses D．decisions
( )5.A.these B．this
C．them D．it
D
B
C
C
D
( )6.A.promise B．attention
C．reply D．answer
( )7.A.announced B．increased
C．progressed D．appeared
( )8.A.So B．Such
C．How D．What
( )9.A.However B．Instead
C．Soon D．Still
( )10.A.forced B．pulled
C．cheated D．introduced
B
B
C
C
A
( )11.A.take off B．give up
C．talk back D．start with
( )12.A.something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
( )13.A.embarrassed B．mad
C．impolite D．excited
( )14.A.stand B．prevent
C．consider D．challenge
( )15.A.luckily B．easily
C．gradually D．bravely
B
C
B
A
D
