Unit 3
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解过去将来时的用法。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 earn vt.& vi.赚得;获利;赢得 *earner n.挣钱者;挣工资者 *earnings n.收入;工资
(P34)But how could she earn some
但是她怎样才能多赚一些钱呢
知识拓展
earn/make one's/a living谋生
earn money 挣钱
earn sb sth 使某人获得……
经典佳句
That performance in the movie The Eyes of Tammy Faye earned Jessica Chastain an Oscar as Best Actress in a Leading Role.
杰西卡·查斯坦在影片《塔米·菲的眼睛》中的表现使她赢得了奥斯卡最佳女主角奖。
The film is about a man who earns a living by appearing in the audience of television shows, but he does not earn very much money.
这部电影讲述了一个男人通过当电视节目观众挣钱的故事,但是他挣得并不多。
名师点拨
earn one's/a living短语中的one's或a不能换成the,且living只能用单数形式。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)As a matter of fact, (earn) much money doesn't mean happiness.
(2)Data showed that low-income (earn) rely more on medicine as it is an easier recourse than consulting a doctor.
(3)His outstanding ability earned (he) a place on the team.
(4)She earned living as a part-time secretary.
答案 (1)earning (2)earners (3)him (4)a
知识点2 hunt vi.& vt.寻找;搜寻;打猎;猎杀;追捕 *hunting n.打猎;寻找
(P34)She spent the next two hours hunting for Jim's gift.
接下来,她花费了两个小时给吉姆寻找礼物。
知识拓展
hunt for寻找;搜捕
hunt sb down追捕;捉住(尤指为了惩罚)
hunt sth down/out 搜寻;寻找
job/house hunting找工作/房子
经典佳句
The whole neighborhood has been hunting for the missing child.
整个街区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
To save these beautiful animals, we need to call for an end to illegal hunting and improve our conservation programmes or else face a future without tigers.
为了挽救这些美丽的动物,我们需要呼吁停止非法捕猎并且改善我们的保护措施,否则就要面对没有老虎的未来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I watched for the desert sunsets, and hunted seashells that had been left there millions of years ago.
(2)And after the plane wrecks, people will hunt the flight recorder.
(3)I've seen your CD somewhere, but you have to hunt it in your room.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)I'll have to .
我得把孩子们的旧衣服找出来。
(5)After all, financial reward is such a crucial factor .
毕竟,经济报酬是找工作至关重要的一个因素。
(6)Many of the threatened species and fins.
很多濒危物种因它们的肉和鱼鳍而被猎杀。
答案 (1)for (2)for (3)out (4)hunt the children's old clothes out (5)when it comes to job hunting (6)are hunted for their meat
知识点3 package n.包;盒;包裹;一套;一揽子 vt.将……包装好;包装
(P35)That afternoon, Jim sold the watch, went to the shop for the combs and returned home with a package in his pocket.
那天下午,吉姆把手表卖了,去商店买了梳子,回家时他的口袋里有一个包裹。
知识拓展
a package of 一包;一套
package up装箱;将……包装好
pack up 收拾行装
package tour包价旅游
software package软件包
经典佳句
Check the list of ingredients on the side of the package.
请检查包装盒侧面的成分清单。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The government has announced a package measures to assist affected areas.
(2)The videos were packaged , ready for distribution.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)In the end, the old rich man had to give them .
最后,富有的老人只好给他们一包金币。
(4)Without giving us a chance to explain, he suddenly and left.
他没有给我们解释的机会,就突然收拾行李走了。
答案 (1)of (2)up (3)a package of gold coins (4)packed up
短 语 句 式
知识点4 pass down使世代相传;流传
(P34)She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather.
她终于找到了: 一条简洁又美丽的表链,和他的金表很配,那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。
知识拓展
hand down 把……传下去;宣布;公布
pass through经过
pass by经过;路过
pass on传递
pass away去世
pass up放弃;不要(机会等)
经典佳句
Culture,traditions and values are passed down from generation to generation through schools.
文化、传统和价值观念通过学校被代代相传。
These religious explanations were handed down from generation to generation in the form of myths.
这些宗教上的解释通过神话的形式代代流传下来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)How can you pass the chance to meet your favorite author at the book signing
(2)I hope I've been able to pass to them the confidence and self-esteem that teachers like Mrs Helwig helped build in me.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to other kids when she grows up.
她说当她长大后,她要当一名体操教练,把她的所学传授给其他孩子。
(4)If your employer ever offers optional training or certifications, do not .
如果你的雇主曾提供可选择的培训或认证课程,不要放弃这种机会。
(5)We have found a good place where we are right now because , see us and get to know us.
我们找到了一个好地方,也就是我们现在所住的地方,因为有很多人经过,看到我们并认识我们。
(6)Impulse buying is not a habit we want to .
没有人想把冲动型购买的习惯传递给我们的孩子们。
答案 (1)up (2)on (3)pass down what she's learned to (4)pass up the opportunity (5)a lot of people pass by (6)pass on to our kids
知识点5 “have sth done”结构
(P34)Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars.
德拉把头发剪掉,卖了二十美元。
知识拓展
本句中的had her hair cut off为“have sth done”结构
(1)该结构中,have为使役动词,sth为宾语,动词-ed形式作宾语补足语,表示被动含义,sth与构成动词-ed形式的动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
(2)该结构的意思是“使某事被做”,可能是主语自己做,也可能是让别人做。此时have可用get替换。
(3)有时该结构还可表示“遭遇/经历某种不幸的事(此事违背主语的意愿)”。
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。(“检查”的动作由医生来进行)
I must have the work finished before Sunday.
我一定要在周日前完成这项工作。(动作由主语自己完成)
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Richard got very upset and had his arms (cross) after hearing the sad news.
(2)As the winner, John will receive a new camera and $2,000 in cash, and he'll have his photo (show) on the front page of the newspaper.
答案 (1)crossed (2)shown
语法探究
过去将来时
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的时态。
1.He asked me yesterday when Ishould leave for Paris.
2.They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.
3.I wish I would go with him to the cinema tonight.
4.I was told that he was going to return home.
5.He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.
我的发现
以上句子的时态均为 , 由“ ”或“ ”构成, 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
答案 过去将来时; should/would+动词原形; was/were going to+动词原形
探究点1 过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“should/would+动词原形”或“was/were going to+动词原形”来表达。
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
每当我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
I didn't know when she would come,but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么时候会来,但她来了我会告诉你。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard.
老师说,我如果不努力学习的话,就很难取得进步。
We were going to go to the cinema when the phone rang.
我们正准备去电影院,这时电话响了。
名师点拨
(1)条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
(2)was/were going to do表示在过去某一时间准备、计划做某事,或将要发生某事。
(3)表示过去的某种习惯性行为,只用would。
探究点2 过去将来时的其他结构
1.was/were about to do表示“正要/即将做某事”;was/were on the point of doing表示“正要……的时候”。
2.go、come、leave、take off等少数动词(短语)可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况;was/were to do表示“曾计划做某事”。
3.was/were supposed to do和was/were meant to do可以表示“过去计划做但没有做的事”。
I couldn't go to Tom's birthday party as I was about to go to hospital.
我不能参加汤姆的生日晚会,因为我要去医院。
He was on the point of leaving when we came in.
我们进来时,他正要离开。
A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks.
有许多人要来看烟花。
She said she was going to take up the position.
她说她要接任这个职务。
The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
火车本应在半小时之前到达。
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.选择正确的形式填空
1.We (had left/were leaving) very early so we packed the night before.
2.They made up their minds that they (bought/would buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.
3.Kevin (was about to take/had been taking) a bath when the telephone rang.
4.That night they had all their things packed, for they (were to/are to) leave the next day.
5.—Come in, Peter.I want to show you something.
—Oh, how nice of you! I (never thought/hadn't thought/didn't think) you (are going/were going) to bring me a gift.
答案 1.were leaving 2.would buy 3.was about to take 4.were to 5.never thought; were going
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.When Peter the car door, he found the key left in his car.So he had to call for help.
当彼得刚想打开车门时,发现钥匙落在车里了,因此他不得不打电话求助。
2.The teacher told the students that there a meeting at 3 pm.
老师告诉学生下午3点将有一个会议。
3.Frank when he noticed a letter lying on the desk.
弗兰克刚要离开就发现桌上有一封信。
4.I writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother was ill in hospital.I hope you will excuse me.
我本来是按计划写完这篇论文的,但是我母亲生病住院了。我希望你能原谅我。
5.My father said he my brother and me to the zoo next week.
我父亲说他下周要带我和弟弟去动物园。
6.Now we can't do without the Internet.But no one could imagine the part it in our daily life many years ago.
现在我们离不开互联网。但是很多年前,没有人能够想象它在我们日常生活中所起的作用。
7.Li Ming said he if Brian came to China.
李明说如果布莱恩来中国他会很高兴。
8.Last Sunday we , but it rained.
上周日我们本来打算去游览长城,但下雨了。
答案 1.was to open 2.was going to be 3.was about to leave 4.was to have finished 5.would take 6.was to play 7.would be happy 8.were going to visit the Great Wall
Ⅲ.结合语篇内容,用所给动词的适当形式填空
Dear Paul,
How are you I'm going to tell you something about Jason's adventure in Africa.
He said they 1. (leave) London on July 15th and they 2. (fly) to Morocco, in North Africa.They 3. (travel) on camels through the Sahara Desert.It is the biggest desert in the world—about the size of the US!
He expected it 4. (be) very hot, dry and dusty there.They 5. (travel) by camel, with local guides, camping in tents and sleeping on the ground in their big, thick sleeping bags.He had heard that they could see beautiful stars on clear nights.He 6. (bring) a torch with him so that he would see in the dark.The whole trip 7. (take) six days.That meant he 8. (have) to sit on a camel for almost a week.
He complained about how uncomfortable it was.He hoped his camel liked him! I will send you some postcards from Jason.
Yours,
Ann
答案 1.would leave 2.would fly 3.were going to travel 4.would be 5.would be travelling 6.would bring 7.would take 8.would have
2(共33张PPT)
UNIT 3 Festivals and customs
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,了解过去将来时的用法。（语言能力）
核心单词
知识点1 earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得＊earner n.挣钱者；挣工资者 ＊earnings n.收入；工资
（P34）But how could she earn some？
但是她怎样才能多赚一些钱呢？
知识拓展
earn/make one's/a living 谋生
earn money 挣钱
earn sb sth 使某人获得……
经典佳句
That performance in the movie The Eyes of Tammy Faye earned Jessica Chastain an Oscar as Best Actress in a Leading Role.
杰西卡·查斯坦在影片《塔米·菲的眼睛》中的表现使她赢得了奥斯卡最佳女主角奖。
The film is about a man who earns a living by appearing in the audience of television shows, but he does not earn very much money.
这部电影讲述了一个男人通过当电视节目观众挣钱的故事，但是他挣得并不多。
名师点拨
earn one's/a living短语中的one's或a不能换成the，且living只能用单数形式。
融会应用单句填空
（1）As a matter of fact,________（earn） much money doesn't mean happiness.
earning
（2）Data showed that low-income _______（earn） rely more on medicine as it is
an easier recourse than consulting a doctor.
earners
（3）His outstanding ability earned _____（he） a place on the team.
him
（4）She earned ___living as a part-time secretary.
a
知识点2 hunt vi.& vt.寻找；搜寻；打猎；猎杀；追捕 ＊hunting n.打猎；寻找
（P34）She spent the next two hours hunting for Jim's gift.
接下来,她花费了两个小时给吉姆寻找礼物。
知识拓展
hunt for 寻找；搜捕
hunt sb down 追捕；捉住（尤指为了惩罚）
hunt sth down/out 搜寻；寻找
job/house hunting 找工作/房子
经典佳句
The whole neighborhood has been hunting for the missing child.
整个街区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
To save these beautiful animals, we need to call for an end to illegal hunting and improve our conservation programmes or else face a future without tigers.
为了挽救这些美丽的动物，我们需要呼吁停止非法捕猎并且改善我们的保护措施，否则就要面对没有老虎的未来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I watched for the desert sunsets, and hunted ____seashells that had been left
there millions of years ago.
for
（2）And after the plane wrecks, people will hunt ____the flight recorder.
for
（3）I've seen your CD somewhere, but you have to hunt it ____in your room.
out
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）I'll have to _______________________________.
我得把孩子们的旧衣服找出来。
hunt the children's old clothes out
（5）After all, financial reward is such a crucial factor___________________________.
毕竟，经济报酬是找工作至关重要的一个因素。
when it comes to job hunting
（6）Many of the threatened species_______________________ and fins.
很多濒危物种因它们的肉和鱼鳍而被猎杀。
are hunted for their meat
知识点3 package n.包；盒；包裹；一套；一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装
（P35）That afternoon, Jim sold the watch, went to the shop for the combs and returned home with a package in his pocket.
那天下午,吉姆把手表卖了,去商店买了梳子,回家时他的口袋里有一个包裹。
知识拓展
a package of 一包；一套
package up 装箱；将……包装好
pack up 收拾行装
package tour 包价旅游
software package 软件包
经典佳句
Check the list of ingredients on the side of the package.
请检查包装盒侧面的成分清单。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The government has announced a package ___measures to assist affected areas.
of
（2）The videos were packaged ____, ready for distribution.
up
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）In the end, the old rich man had to give them_______________________.
最后，富有的老人只好给他们一包金币。
a package of gold coins
（4）Without giving us a chance to explain, he suddenly __________and left.
他没有给我们解释的机会,就突然收拾行李走了。
packed up
短语句式
知识点4 pass down使世代相传；流传
（P34）She found it at last: a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which had been passed down to him from his grandfather.
她终于找到了: 一条简洁又美丽的表链,和他的金表很配,那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。
知识拓展
hand down 把……传下去；宣布；公布
pass through 经过
pass by 经过；路过
pass on 传递
pass away 去世
pass up 放弃；不要（机会等）
经典佳句
Culture，traditions and values are passed down from generation to generation through schools.
文化、传统和价值观念通过学校被代代相传。
These religious explanations were handed down from generation to generation in the form of myths.
这些宗教上的解释通过神话的形式代代流传下来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）How can you pass ____the chance to meet your favorite author at the book
signing？
up
（2）I hope I've been able to pass ____to them the confidence and self-esteem that
teachers like Mrs Helwig helped build in me.
on
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to __________________________
__________ other kids when she grows up.
她说当她长大后,她要当一名体操教练,把她的所学传授给其他孩子。
pass down what she's learned to
（4）If your employer ever offers optional training or certifications, do not
______________________.
如果你的雇主曾提供可选择的培训或认证课程,不要放弃这种机会。
pass up the opportunity
（5）We have found a good place where we are right now because
______________________, see us and get to know us.
我们找到了一个好地方,也就是我们现在所住的地方,因为有很多人经过,看到我们并认
识我们。
a lot of people pass by
（6）Impulse buying is not a habit we want to ___________________.
没有人想把冲动型购买的习惯传递给我们的孩子们。
pass on to our kids
知识点5 “have sth done”结构
（P34）Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars.
德拉把头发剪掉，卖了二十美元。
知识拓展
本句中的had her hair cut off为“have sth done”结构
（1）该结构中，have为使役动词，sth为宾语，动词-ed形式作宾语补足语，表示被动含义，sth与构成动词-ed形式的动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
（2）该结构的意思是“使某事被做”，可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做。此时have可用get替换。
（3）有时该结构还可表示“遭遇/经历某种不幸的事（此事违背主语的意愿）”。
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）
I must have the work finished before Sunday.
我一定要在周日前完成这项工作。（动作由主语自己完成）
融会应用单句填空
（1）Richard got very upset and had his arms ________（cross） after hearing the
sad news.
crossed
（2）As the winner, John will receive a new camera and $2,000 in cash, and he'll
have his photo _______（show） on the front page of the newspaper.
shown
过去将来时
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的时态。
1.He asked me yesterday when Ishould leave for Paris.
2.They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.
3.I wish I would go with him to the cinema tonight.
4.I was told that he was going to return home.
5.He said that he would wait for me at the school gate.
我的发现
以上句子的时态均为____________， 由“______________________”或
“__________________________”构成， 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作
或存在的某种状态。
过去将来时
should/would+动词原形
was/were going to+动词原形
探究点1 过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“should/would+动词原形”或“was/were going to+动词原形”来表达。
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
每当我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
I didn't know when she would come,but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么时候会来,但她来了我会告诉你。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard.
老师说,我如果不努力学习的话,就很难取得进步。
We were going to go to the cinema when the phone rang.
我们正准备去电影院,这时电话响了。
名师点拨
（1）条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
（2）was/were going to do表示在过去某一时间准备、计划做某事,或将要发生某事。
（3）表示过去的某种习惯性行为,只用would。
探究点2 过去将来时的其他结构
1.was/were about to do表示“正要/即将做某事”；was/were on the point of doing表示“正要……的时候”。
2.go、come、leave、take off等少数动词（短语）可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况；was/were to do表示“曾计划做某事”。
3.was/were supposed to do和was/were meant to do可以表示“过去计划做但没有做的事”。
I couldn't go to Tom's birthday party as I was about to go to hospital.
我不能参加汤姆的生日晚会,因为我要去医院。
He was on the point of leaving when we came in.
我们进来时,他正要离开。
A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks.
有许多人要来看烟花。
She said she was going to take up the position.
她说她要接任这个职务。
The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
火车本应在半小时之前到达。
Ⅰ.选择正确的形式填空
1.We ____________（had left/were leaving） very early so we packed the night
before.
were leaving
2.They made up their minds that they ___________（bought/would buy） a new
house once Larry changed jobs.
would buy
3.Kevin _________________（was about to take/had been taking） a bath when the
telephone rang.
was about to take
4.That night they had all their things packed, for they ________（were to/are to）
leave the next day.
were to
5.—Come in, Peter. I want to show you something.
—Oh, how nice of you! I _____________（never thought/hadn't thought/didn't think）
you ___________（are going/were going） to bring me a gift.
never thought
were going
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.When Peter ____________the car door, he found the key left in his car. So he had
to call for help.
当彼得刚想打开车门时，发现钥匙落在车里了，因此他不得不打电话求助。
was to open
2.The teacher told the students that there ________________ a meeting at 3 pm.
老师告诉学生下午3点将有一个会议。
was going to be
3.Frank __________________ when he noticed a letter lying on the desk.
弗兰克刚要离开就发现桌上有一封信。
was about to leave
4.I ____________________ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother was ill in
hospital. I hope you will excuse me.
我本来是按计划写完这篇论文的，但是我母亲生病住院了。我希望你能原谅我。
was to have finished
5.My father said he ___________ my brother and me to the zoo next week.
我父亲说他下周要带我和弟弟去动物园。
would take
6.Now we can't do without the Internet. But no one could imagine the part it
____________ in our daily life many years ago.
现在我们离不开互联网。但是很多年前，没有人能够想象它在我们日常生活中所起的作用。
was to play
7.Li Ming said he _______________if Brian came to China.
李明说如果布莱恩来中国他会很高兴。
would be happy
8.Last Sunday we ________________________________, but it rained.
上周日我们本来打算去游览长城,但下雨了。
were going to visit the Great Wall
Ⅲ.结合语篇内容,用所给动词的适当形式填空
Dear Paul,
How are you？ I'm going to tell you something about Jason's adventure in Africa.
He said they 1.____________（leave） London on July 15th and they
2.__________（fly） to Morocco, in North Africa. They 3.___________________
（travel） on camels through the Sahara Desert. It is the biggest desert in the
world—about the size of the US!
would leave
would fly
were going to travel
He expected it 4.__________（be） very hot, dry and dusty there. They
5.__________________（travel） by camel, with local guides, camping in tents and
sleeping on the ground in their big, thick sleeping bags. He had heard that they
could see beautiful stars on clear nights. He 6.____________（bring） a torch with
him so that he would see in the dark. The whole trip 7.___________（take） six
days. That meant he 8.___________（have） to sit on a camel for almost a week.
He complained about how uncomfortable it was. He hoped his camel liked him!
I will send you some postcards from Jason.
Yours,
Ann
would be
would be travelling
would bring
would take
would have
