(共32张PPT)
UNIT 4 Exploring literature
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会情态动词的用法。（语言能力）
核心单词
知识点1 particular adj.特别的；格外的；特指的；挑剔的＊particularly adv. 特别；格外；异乎寻常地
（P48）Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.
老师尤其可以针对有趣的阅读材料提供建议,这些材料可以很容易在图书馆或者书店里找到。
知识拓展
in particular 尤其;特别
be particular about/over... 对……挑剔/讲究
经典佳句
She is so particular about housework that servants will not work for her.
她对家务活太挑剔了, 以至于佣人们不愿给她干活
This is particularly good at reducing stress and anxiety levels.
这特别有助于降低压力和焦虑水平。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The boy likes anything to do with nature ___particular.
in
（2）We are ___________（particular） grateful to him for his timely help.
particularly
（3）Mary is going on a diet, so she is very particular __________food.
about/over
知识点2 mean adj. 吝啬的；小气的；不善良的；刻薄的 v. 意思是；意味着；打算
（P49）The book's main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man.
这本书的主人公叫斯克鲁奇,一个富有但吝啬的老人。
知识拓展
be mean to sb 对某人吝啬/刻薄
be mean with sth 在某方面吝啬
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
mean （that） 意味着;意思是
mean to do sth 打算/企图做某事
mean sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
经典佳句
The red light means “Stop”.
红灯就是“停”的意思。
Don't be so mean to your little brother!
别对你弟弟那么刻薄！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Did you mean ________（leave） your dog here
to leave
（2）Increasing government spending means ________（create） more job
opportunities.
creating
（3）She meant her son ______（be） a poet.
to be
（4）He meant ______________（help） you,but he was too busy then.
to have helped
短语句式
知识点3 to start with 首先；第一
（P48）To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read.
首先,让你的朋友、父母和老师来推荐你该读哪些书。
经典佳句
To start with, the pressure on her was very heavy, but it's eased off a bit now.
一开始,她的压力很大,但现在已经好些了。
We can't go to the concert. To start with， it's too cold. Besides，we have no tickets.
我们不能去听音乐会了。首先，天太冷了。另外，我们没有票。
名师点拨
（1）表示“首先;首要的是”的短语:
to start/begin with
in the first place
first and foremost
（2）表示“最后”的短语:
at last
in the end
融会应用 单句写作
（1）_____________________________________________________________, we shoul
d make primary education universal.
首先,我们应普及初等教育。
To start with / To begin with/ In the first place/ First and foremost
（2）_________________, she was freed from all trouble.
最后，她终于摆脱了一切麻烦。
At last/In the end
知识点4 be worth doing sth
（P48）A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.
书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。
知识拓展
如：这件事值得考虑。
consideration.
considering.
to consider the matter.
considering the matter.
名师点拨
worth常用well修饰，而不用very修饰。
The matter is worth
It's worthwhile
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The place he recommended ______________________.
他推荐的那个地方很值得一看。
was well worth visiting
（2）Have you been on a diet？ Do you think it ______________？
你在节食减肥吗？你认为它值得一试吗？
is worth trying
（3）It might be _______________________________ again about its side effects.
再考虑一下它的副作用也许是值得的。
worthwhile considering/to consider
（4）By the time she was 13, her company ___________________________.
到她13岁时，她的公司已经价值数百万美元。
was worth millions of dollars
知识点5 be likely to do sth
（P48）Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your local library, and you are likely to come across books you love to read.
花点时间浏览一下当地图书馆不同区域的藏书,你可能会遇到一些你喜欢读的书。
知识拓展
be likely to do sth意思是“可能做某事”。常用句式为“It is likely that...” 或者 “Sb be likely to do...”。其他与表示可能性相关的词还有inevitable、probably、chance等。
It's pretty much inevitable that prices will go up this year.
今年价格上涨几乎是不可避免的了。
I think it's likely to rain this afternoon.
我觉得今天下午有可能下雨。
I'm probably going to be away then.
到那时候我很可能就要离开了。
I guess there's a fifty percent chance that they'll say no.
我估计他们有50%的概率会不同意。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）________________ that there would be job losses.
失业是不可避免的事。
It was inevitable
（2）John ______________in London this autumn.
今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。
is likely to be
（3）___________ that they'll be violent in real life.
在现实生活中,他们可能很暴力。
It is likely
（4）The two cases are most __________________.
这两桩案件极有可能相关。
probably connected
（5）____________that some of the other orders may be cancelled.
一些其他的订单可能会被取消。
Chances are
情态动词
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的意思及用法。
1.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
2.There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil.
3.People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should be placed on longevity.
4.Check the top shelf and you may find what you want.
5.A simple twenty-minute journey across town can become very interesting.
6.If you are time-poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports.
我的发现
以上句子中， 加黑部分词性均为__________， 本身有词义,表示某种语气或感情,但
词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,只能和__________一起构成谓语， 没有__________的变化。
情态动词
动词原形
人称和数
探究点1 can、be able to和 could的用法
1.当成功地完成某一具体动作时,通常用was / were able to。这时was / were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。
The wounded man was still able to get to the village and was saved in the end.
这个伤员仍然坚持到达村庄,最终获救了。
2.can和could 比较
委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,一般用could,回答时则用can。
Could you help me carry the bag
请你帮我拿一下这个袋子好吗
Can I help you
有什么可以为您效劳的吗
探究点2 must、mustn't和 have to的用法
must表示在主观上“必须;应该”,没有时态变化,它还可以表示肯定的推测。mustn't表示“禁止”。have to表示“必须;不得不”,是由于某种外界（客观）原因而“不得不”做某事,have to的否定形式表示“不必”。
You must do everything as I do.
你必须像我一样做所有的事情。
You will have to clean your own boots after you join the army.
参军后你就得自己洗靴子。
The light is still on, so he must be at home.
灯还亮着,所以他肯定在家。
You mustn't smoke in the office.
你不能在办公室吸烟。
探究点3 will和shall的用法
will 用于各种人称，表示“意愿;决心;必须;一定”等;在疑问句中,will常与第二人称连用,表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”;will还表示习惯性的动作,有“总是;习惯于”的含义。 在疑问句中,shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示,常用于第一、三人称。
You will come, won't you？
你会来的,是不是？
No one will leave the examination room before ten o'clock.
十点以前谁也不能离开考场。
Where shall he wait for us？
他将在哪里等我们？
Shall we go out for a walk？
我们去散步好吗？
探究点4 would和 used to的用法
would表示客气的请求、建议或意愿,或过去反复发生的动作。used to 表示过去常发生的动作或存在的习惯,但现在已不存在。
Would you please be quiet？
请你安静点好吗？
When I passed my school, I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.
当我经过我的学校时,我总是会去看看5年前教我的老师。
There used to be a park here.
这儿以前有个公园。
探究点5 need和 dare的用法
need既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词,作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to,其变化与一般动词相同。dare 作情态动词时,主要用在疑问句和否定句中。若作实义动词,有时态和人称的变化,后面可接带to的不定式,to可以省略。
Ⅰ.选词填空
have to; not have to; can; can't; ought to
1.I'm afraid Mr Harding _____see you now. He's busy.
can't
2.—Isn't that Ann's husband over there？
—No,it _____be him. I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.
can't
3.You ________pass your test before you can drive.
have to
4.You _____make bread without flour.
can't
5.This train is direct; you _______________change.
do not have to
6.You _________be ashamed of yourselves. You've created this problem.
ought to
7.The happiest are not those who own all the best things, but those who
____appreciate the beauty of life.
can
Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词填空
1.It ____________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise
because you know a lot of words.
couldn't/can't
2.Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own.
must
3.When I was a child, I _______ watch TV whenever I wanted to.
would
4.—Why are your eyes so red？ You _____ have slept well last night.
—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.
can't
5.—What are you doing this Saturday？
—I'm not sure,but I ______ go to the Rolling Stones concert.
might
6.Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ______ have drunk too much at the party last
night.
must
7.No one _________ be more generous than him.
could/can
8.The children ______ have got lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been
at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
must
9.—You _______ take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.
—Well,I don't know. It ______ do.
needn't
might
10.He ________ sleep although he tried to.
couldn't
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.You__________at the red light.
遇到红灯时你必须停下来。
must stop
2.I suggest that he________________to Beijing to pursue his studies.
我建议他来北京求学。
（should） come
3.We__________the law.
我们必须遵守法律。
must obey
4.You_______________ fresh fruit.
你应该多吃新鲜水果。
should eat more
5.Students_____________the teacher says.
学生应当按照老师说的去做。
should do as
6.You____________________ like that again.
你一定不要再那样和他说话了。
mustn't speak to him
7.You___________________________ it at once.
你应该立即把此事告诉你妈妈。
should tell your mother about
8.You_______________ after doing exercise.
运动后你一定渴了。
must be thirsty
9.You_____________after your long journey.
长途劳顿,你一定累了。
must be tiredUnit 4
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会情态动词的用法。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 particular adj.特别的;格外的;特指的;挑剔的 *particularly adv. 特别;格外;异乎寻常地
(P48)Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.
老师尤其可以针对有趣的阅读材料提供建议,这些材料可以很容易在图书馆或者书店里找到。
知识拓展
in particular 尤其;特别
be particular about/over... 对……挑剔/讲究
经典佳句
She is so particular about housework that servants will not work for her.
她对家务活太挑剔了, 以至于佣人们不愿给她干活。
This is particularly good at reducing stress and anxiety levels.
这特别有助于降低压力和焦虑水平。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The boy likes anything to do with nature particular.
(2)We are (particular) grateful to him for his timely help.
(3)Mary is going on a diet, so she is very particular food.
答案 (1)in (2)particularly (3)about/over
知识点2 mean adj. 吝啬的;小气的;不善良的;刻薄的 v. 意思是;意味着;打算
(P49)The book's main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man.
这本书的主人公叫斯克鲁奇,一个富有但吝啬的老人。
知识拓展
be mean to sb对某人吝啬/刻薄
be mean with sth在某方面吝啬
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
mean (that) 意味着;意思是
mean to do sth打算/企图做某事
mean sb to do sth打算让某人做某事
经典佳句
The red light means “Stop”.
红灯就是“停”的意思。
Don't be so mean to your little brother!
别对你弟弟那么刻薄!
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Did you mean (leave) your dog here
(2)Increasing government spending means (create) more job opportunities.
(3)She meant her son (be) a poet.
(4)He meant (help) you,but he was too busy then.
答案 (1)to leave (2)creating (3)to be (4)to have helped
短 语 句 式
知识点3 to start with 首先;第一
(P48)To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read.
首先,让你的朋友、父母和老师来推荐你该读哪些书。
经典佳句
To start with, the pressure on her was very heavy, but it's eased off a bit now.
一开始,她的压力很大,但现在已经好些了。
We can't go to the concert. To start with, it's too cold. Besides,we have no tickets.
我们不能去听音乐会了。首先,天太冷了。另外,我们没有票。
名师点拨
(1)表示“首先;首要的是”的短语:
to start/begin with
in the first place
first and foremost
(2)表示“最后”的短语:
at last
in the end
融会应用
单句写作
(1) , we should make primary education universal.
首先,我们应普及初等教育。
(2) , she was freed from all trouble.
最后,她终于摆脱了一切麻烦。
答案 (1)To start with / To begin with/ In the first place/ First and foremost (2)At last/In the end
知识点4 be worth doing sth
(P48)A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.
书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。
知识拓展
值得……
做某事是值得的。
如:这件事值得考虑。
The matter is worth
The matter is worthy
It's worthwhile
名师点拨
worth常用well修饰,而不用very修饰。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The place he recommended .
他推荐的那个地方很值得一看。
(2)Have you been on a diet Do you think it
你在节食减肥吗 你认为它值得一试吗
(3)It might be again about its side effects.
再考虑一下它的副作用也许是值得的。
(4)By the time she was 13, her company .
到她13岁时,她的公司已经价值数百万美元。
答案 (1)was well worth visiting (2)is worth trying (3)worthwhile considering/to consider (4)was worth millions of dollars
知识点5 be likely to do sth
(P48)Take time to look through the collections in different sections of your local library, and you are likely to come across books you love to read.
花点时间浏览一下当地图书馆不同区域的藏书,你可能会遇到一些你喜欢读的书。
知识拓展
be likely to do sth意思是“可能做某事”。常用句式为“It is likely that...” 或者 “Sb be likely to do...”。其他与表示可能性相关的词还有inevitable、probably、chance等。
It's pretty much inevitable that prices will go up this year.
今年价格上涨几乎是不可避免的了。
I think it's likely to rain this afternoon.
我觉得今天下午有可能下雨。
I'm probably going to be away then.
到那时候我很可能就要离开了。
I guess there's a fifty percent chance that they'll say no.
我估计他们有50%的概率会不同意。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) that there would be job losses.
失业是不可避免的事。
(2)John in London this autumn.
今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。
(3) that they'll be violent in real life.
在现实生活中,他们可能很暴力。
(4)The two cases are most .
这两桩案件极有可能相关。
(5) that some of the other orders may be cancelled.
一些其他的订单可能会被取消。
答案 (1)It was inevitable (2)is likely to be (3)It is likely (4)probably connected (5)Chances are
语法探究
情 态 动 词
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的意思及用法。
1.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
2.There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil.
3.People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should be placed on longevity.
4.Check the top shelf and you may find what you want.
5.A simple twenty-minute journey across town can become very interesting.
6.If you are time-poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports.
我的发现
以上句子中, 加黑部分词性均为 , 本身有词义,表示某种语气或感情,但词义不完整,不能单独作谓语,只能和 一起构成谓语, 没有 的变化。
答案 情态动词;动词原形;人称和数
探究点1 can、be able to和 could的用法
1.当成功地完成某一具体动作时,通常用was / were able to。这时was / were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。
The wounded man was still able to get to the village and was saved in the end.
这个伤员仍然坚持到达村庄,最终获救了。
2.can和could 比较
委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,一般用could,回答时则用can。
Could you help me carry the bag
请你帮我拿一下这个袋子好吗
Can I help you
有什么可以为您效劳的吗
探究点2 must、mustn't和 have to的用法
must表示在主观上“必须;应该”,没有时态变化,它还可以表示肯定的推测。mustn't表示“禁止”。have to表示“必须;不得不”,是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“不得不”做某事,have to的否定形式表示“不必”。
You must do everything as I do.
你必须像我一样做所有的事情。
You will have to clean your own boots after you join the army.
参军后你就得自己洗靴子。
The light is still on, so he must be at home.
灯还亮着,所以他肯定在家。
You mustn't smoke in the office.
你不能在办公室吸烟。
探究点3 will和shall的用法
will 用于各种人称,表示“意愿;决心;必须;一定”等;在疑问句中,will常与第二人称连用,表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”;will还表示习惯性的动作,有“总是;习惯于”的含义。 在疑问句中,shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示,常用于第一、三人称。
You will come, won't you
你会来的,是不是
No one will leave the examination room before ten o'clock.
十点以前谁也不能离开考场。
Where shall he wait for us
他将在哪里等我们
Shall we go out for a walk
我们去散步好吗
探究点4 would和 used to的用法
would表示客气的请求、建议或意愿,或过去反复发生的动作。used to 表示过去常发生的动作或存在的习惯,但现在已不存在。
Would you please be quiet
请你安静点好吗
When I passed my school, I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.
当我经过我的学校时,我总是会去看看5年前教我的老师。
There used to be a park here.
这儿以前有个公园。
探究点5 need和 dare的用法
need既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词,作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to,其变化与一般动词相同。dare 作情态动词时,主要用在疑问句和否定句中。若作实义动词,有时态和人称的变化,后面可接带to的不定式,to可以省略。
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.选词填空
have to; not have to; can; can't; ought to
1.I'm afraid Mr Harding see you now.He's busy.
2.—Isn't that Ann's husband over there
—No,it be him.I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.
3.You pass your test before you can drive.
4.You make bread without flour.
5.This train is direct; you change.
6.You be ashamed of yourselves. You've created this problem.
7.The happiest are not those who own all the best things, but those who appreciate the beauty of life.
答案 1.can't 2.can't 3.have to 4.can't 5.do not have to 6.ought to 7.can
Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词填空
1.It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
2.Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.
3.When I was a child, I watch TV whenever I wanted to.
4.—Why are your eyes so red You have slept well last night.
—Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report.
5.—What are you doing this Saturday
—I'm not sure,but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.
6.Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He have drunk too much at the party last night.
7.No one be more generous than him.
8.The children have got lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
9.—You take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.
—Well,I don't know. It do.
10.He sleep although he tried to.
答案 1.couldn't/can't 2.must 3.would 4.can't
5.might 6.must 7.could/can 8.must
9.needn't;might 10.couldn't
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.You at the red light.
遇到红灯时你必须停下来。
2.I suggest that he to Beijing to pursue his studies.
我建议他来北京求学。
3.We the law.
我们必须遵守法律。
4.You fresh fruit.
你应该多吃新鲜水果。
5.Students the teacher says.
学生应当按照老师说的去做。
6.You like that again.
你一定不要再那样和他说话了。
7.You it at once.
你应该立即把此事告诉你妈妈。
8.You after doing exercise.
运动后你一定渴了。
9.You after your long journey.
长途劳顿,你一定累了。
答案 1.must stop 2.(should) come 3.must obey
4.should eat more 5.should do as 6.mustn't speak to him 7.should tell your mother about 8.must be thirsty 9.must be tired
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