Unit 4
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. adj. 担心的;忧虑的;关注的;关切的→ n. 担心;关心 vt. 使担忧;涉及
2. n. 营养→ adj. 有营养的;营养丰富的
3. adj. 精力充沛的;充满活力的→ n. 精力;能量
4. vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注→ n. 关注;专心
5. n. 效果;作用;影响→ adj. 有效的→ vt. 影响;深深打动
6. adj. 害怕的;惊吓的;受惊的→ v. 使惊恐;吓唬
答案 1.concerned; concern 2.nutrition; nutritious 3.energetic; energy 4.concentrate; concentration 5.effect; effective; affect 6.frightened; frighten
构词规律
adj.+-ly→adv. n./v.+-ive→adj.
extreme→extremely adv. 极其;极度 slight→slightly adv.稍微;略微;轻微地 complete→pletely 完全地 exact→exactly adv.确切地;准确地 entire→entirely adv.全部地 effect n.效果;作用→ effective adj.有效的 attract v.吸引;引起→ attractive adj.吸引人的 create v.创造;创作→creative adj.有创造性的 act v.行为;行动→active adj.积极的;活跃的
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 更为重要的是;更有甚者
2. 注意
3. 作息有规律
4. 指出;指明
5. 完全康复
6.lose weight properly
7.one in ten
8.side effect
9.follow these lifestyle tips
10.out of danger
答案 1.what's more 2.pay attention to 3.keep regular hours 4.point out 5.make a full recovery
6.合理地减肥 7.十分之一 8.副作用 9.遵循这些生活方式 10.脱离危险
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.(动词不定式作后置定语)
翻译 珍妮弗认为,不吃饭会是达到她目标体重的一个简单方法。
仿写 Could you give me some advice on
您能就怎样以最好的方式处理这件事给我提点儿建议吗
2.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.(“have trouble doing sth”句式)
翻译 她告诉我她没法在课堂上集中注意力。
仿写 I never in a strange place.
在陌生的地方睡觉,我从来没有困难。
3.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.(“there is no reason why...”句式)
翻译 青少年轻微超重是正常的,他们没有必要担心。
仿写 you shall not do such a thing.
你没有理由不做这种事。
答案 1.the best way to deal with the matter 2.have trouble sleeping 3.There is no reason why
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
(仅供教师参考)
Teen faints after skipping meals
STONECHESTER—A teenage girl fainted yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.
Jennifer Jones,15,told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital.
Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before.Fortunately,she is now out of danger.Her doctor says that she will make a full recovery in a day or two.
Jennifer's classmates hope to see her back at school soon.They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time.“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.“She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy,but she wouldn't listen.”
Jennifer's case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes(1).In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students' lifestyles,almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals,one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine.Health experts are concerned about these figures.They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.They have also warned them against using such extreme methods.
不吃早餐,少女晕倒
斯通彻斯特——昨天在斯通彻斯特高中,一个十几岁的女生由于不吃饭晕倒了。
15岁的珍妮弗·琼斯曾告诉班上的朋友自己感觉不舒服。然后她在早上的体育课上晕倒了,被迅速送往医院。
珍妮弗被发现血糖已经低到了很危险的程度,于是立即接受了治疗。珍妮弗的父母忧心忡忡,他们告诉医生,女儿那天没吃早餐,前一天晚上的晚餐也几乎没吃。幸运的是,珍妮弗现在脱离了危险。她的医生说她会在一两天内完全康复。
珍妮弗的同学希望她能尽快回到学校。他们说她长期与饮食问题做斗争。她的朋友劳拉·威廉姆斯对本报记者说:“珍妮弗认为,不吃饭是达到她目标体重的一种简单方法。” “她已经几个月不吃早餐了。她告诉我她没法在课堂上集中注意力。我曾提醒她不吃饭是不健康的,但是她就是不听。”
珍妮弗的例子提醒人们,青少年男女中普遍存在的不健康的减肥习惯具有危险性。在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里,青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。根据一份最近对高中生生活方式的调查显示,近五分之一的青少年经常不吃饭,十分之一的人运动过度,甚至有4%的青少年吃减肥药。健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。他们正在加大力度来教育青少年关于减肥过快的副作用。他们同样告诫青少年不要使用这种极端的方式减肥。
【助读点拨】
(1)that have become common among teenagers为定语从句,修饰先行词habits。
“These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried(2).However,for those who are dangerously overweight,it is very important that they try to lose weight properly(3),” said an expert.
“这些所谓的‘速效法’被证明对青少年有害。青少年轻微超重是正常的,他们没有必要担心。然而,对于那些体重严重超标的人来说,努力并合理地减肥是非常重要的,” 一位专家说。
【助读点拨】
(2)why they should be worried为关系副词why引导的定语从句,修饰先行词reason。
(3)that they try to lose weight properly是that引导的主语从句,前面的it作形式主语。
She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.If they do not take in enough food,they may feel weak and get ill easily.She added,“What's more,they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips,because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape(4).”
她指出进行健康均衡的饮食很重要。因为青少年还在成长,他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。如果没有摄入足够的食物,他们可能会感到虚弱,且很容易生病。专家补充道:“更重要的是,他们应该作息规律,多做运动,以保持精力充沛、身体健康。我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的指导,因为好好生活是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。”
【助读点拨】
(4)living well是动词-ing形式作主语,动词不定式to get into shape作后置定语修饰名词way。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 immediately adv.立即;马上conj.一……就 *immediate adj. 立即的;即时的;迫切的
(P44)Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.
珍妮弗被发现血糖已经低到了很危险的程度,于是立即接受了治疗。
知识拓展
immediately=as soon as=instantly 一……就(后跟时间状语从句)
图解释义
The boy stood up to offer his seat to the old woman immediately she got on the bus.
那位老太太一上公共汽车,这个男孩就站起来给她让座。
名师点拨
表示“一……就”的词汇还有immediately、instantly、directly、the moment、the minute、the instant等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句中immediately的词性和汉语意思
(1)If you see a fire happen in the house, cut off the electricity immediately.
(2)Immediately she came in, I remembered her name at once.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)她一见到母亲就哭了。
→ , she cried.
→ , she cried.
→ , she cried.
答案 (1)副词。立即;马上 (2)连词。一……就
(3)As soon as she saw her mother;Immediately/Directly/Instantly she saw her mother;The moment/minute/instant she saw her mother
知识点2 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);聚集;全神贯注 *concentration n. 集中精力;专心
(P45)She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告诉我她没法在课堂上集中注意力。
知识拓展
concentrate on/upon (doing) sth 专心(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention/energy/efforts on 集中注意力于;全力以赴于
图解释义
It is hard for the boy to concentrate on his study.
这男孩很难专心学习。
名师点拨
表示“专心于;全神贯注于”的短语还有focus/fix one's mind/attention on、 put one's heart into、 be buried/lost/absorbed in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Don't be absent-minded. Please concentrate your mind the experiment.
(2)I saw them examining the equipment with great (concentrate).
Ⅱ.一句多译
(3)妈妈希望我能集中注意力于我所学的东西上。
→My mother hopes I can .(concentrate)
→My mother hopes I can .(focus)
→My mother hopes I can .(put one's heart into)
答案 (1)on/upon (2)concentration (3)concentrate my attention on what I'm studying;focus my attention on what I'm studying;put my heart into what I'm studying
知识点3 concerned adj.担心的;忧虑的;关注的;关切的 *concern n.担心;忧虑;关心 vt.涉及;让(某人)担忧 *concerning prep.关于;涉及
(P45)Health experts are concerned about these figures.
健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。
知识拓展
be concerned about关心;担心
be concerned with 与……有关
as/so far as sb be concerned 就某人而言
concern oneself with/about 对……感兴趣;关注
be of concern 非常重要;引起关注
经典佳句
There is no need for you to be concerned about his future.
你没有必要担心他的未来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)(2023·浙江1月)Why is Ethan (concern) about his parents living on their own
(2)You should pay attention to questions which are concerned personal problems.
(3)He asked several questions (concern) the future of the company.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·四省适应性考试)This is , as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
这一点值得特别关注,因为大鱼往往比小鱼能繁育更多的后代。
答案 (1)concerned (2)with (3)concerning (4)of particular concern
知识点4 effect n.效果;作用;影响;结果;效应 *effective adj.有效的 *affect v.影响;感动
(P45)They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
他们正在加大力度来教育青少年关于减肥过快的副作用。
知识拓展
have an effect on=have an influence on=have an impact on 对……有影响
put/bring sth into effect 使某事开始生效/实施
in effect 事实上;实际上
take effect 生效;奏效
come into effect 开始实施;开始生效
side effect 副作用
图解释义
The weather has a big effect on his mood.
天气对他的心情有很大影响。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)“Although these measures are not (effect) forever, they are vital for now,” he says.
(2)It's reported that this regulation will come effect this year.
(3)These hormones also have a positive effect heart and the blood flow.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)The new law will not as planned.
新的法律不会像计划的那样见效。
(5)The new law is said to have from April.
据说新法律已经从四月起开始生效。
(6)Great scientific achievements will our life as well as society.
重大的科技成果将对我们的生活和社会产生很大的影响。
答案 (1)effective (2)into (3)on (4)take effect
(5)come into effect (6)have a great effect on
知识点5 prove v.证明;证实
(P45)These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers.
这些所谓的“速效法”被证明对青少年有害。
知识拓展
prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事
prove (that) ... 证明……
prove (to be)+名词(短语)/形容词 结果是……;证明是……
经典佳句
You brought this charge. You prove it!
你提出了这一指控。你来证明它!
名师点拨
prove作为连系动词时不用于被动语态,后常接形容词、名词(短语)作表语。
The scheme has proved a great success.
该计划结果很成功。
In the past this process of transition has often proven difficult.
在过去,这种转变过程常证明是艰难的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I know you don't believe me, but I can prove it you.
(2)Do you have any (prove) of these claims.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)The new treatment .
这种新的治疗方法证明是一场灾难。
答案 (1)to (2)proof (3)has proved (to be) a disaster
知识点6 diet n.节食;日常饮食 vi.节食;进行规定饮食
(P45)...it is important to have a healthy balanced diet...
……进行健康均衡的饮食很重要……
知识拓展
go on a diet 节食;控制饮食(表动作)
be on a diet 在节食(表状态)
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
经典佳句
Doctors remind people to eat a balanced diet during festivals and celebrations.
医生提醒人们在节日和庆祝活动期间饮食要均衡。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He is a diet to reduce some weight.
(2)No sugar in my coffee, please.I'm (diet).
答案 (1)on (2)dieting
知识点7 function n.作用;功能;职能 vi.起作用;正常工作;运转 *functional adj.实用的;功能的;(能)起作用的
(P45)...teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.
……青少年还在成长,他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。
知识拓展
function as...=work as/act as/serve as... 起到……作用
function well/properly 正常运转
经典佳句
A library, functioning as an education centre, provides all kinds of books to the public.
图书馆给公众提供各种各样的书,具有教育中心的作用。
名师点拨
表示某事物起作用的词还有work、 help等,在表示该意思时都作不及物动词。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)This machine is not .
这部机器运转不正常。
(2)The sofa can also a bed.
这沙发也可以当床用。
(3)We have smoke alarms on all staircases.
我们在各层的楼梯都安装了功能齐全的烟雾警报器。
答案 (1)functioning properly/well (2)function as
(3)fully functional
知识点8 frightened adj.害怕的;受惊的;惊吓的 *frighten vt. 使惊恐;使惊吓 *frightening adj.令人害怕的
(P47)I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时很害怕。
知识拓展
be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事(表示习惯)
be frightened to do sth 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that... 害怕……
frighten sb/sth away 把……吓跑
经典佳句
It was a very frightening experience and when mentioning it,they still feel frightened now.
那是一次非常可怕的经历,当提起这件事时,他们现在仍然感到害怕。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)What (frighten) us was that two of our students were lost in the forest.
(2)I want to travel to Paris,but I'm frightened (travel) alone.
(3)You frightened me death,staying out all night!
Ⅱ.句式升级
(4)As she was frightened at the dog, she refused to walk into the yard.
→ , she refused to walk into the yard. (用非谓语动词改写)
答案 (1)frightened (2)to travel (3)to (4)Frightened at the dog
短 语 句 式
知识点9 take in包括;摄入;吸收;欺骗;领会;理解;收留
(P45)If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily.
如果没有摄入足够的食物,他们可能会感到虚弱,且很容易生病。
知识拓展
take away 拿开;拿走
take down 拆掉;写下;记录
take off 起飞;脱下(衣服);拿掉
take on 呈现;雇用;承担
take over 接管;接替
take up 拿起;占据;从事;接受
图解释义
Plants generally take in water through their roots.
植物一般都是通过根部吸收水分。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句中take in的含义
(1)This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in.
(2)We are taken in by his promise of quick profit.
(3)I don't take in what you are talking about.
(4)He was homeless, so we took him in.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5)There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I'll the burden.
虽然前面有很多挑战,但我有信心承担起这个重担。
(6)Children spent hours watching the planes and land.
孩子们一连几个小时都在看飞机起飞和降落。
(7)When Mr Green retired, his son the business from him.
格林先生退休时,他的儿子接管生意。
答案 (1)包括 (2)欺骗 (3)领会;理解 (4)收留
(5)take on (6)take off (7)took over
知识点10 get into shape强身健体
(P45)We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的指导,因为好好生活是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。
知识拓展
in the shape of 以……形状
in good shape (身体)状况良好
out of shape 变形的
take shape 成形
stay in shape 保持体形
经典佳句
I will go hiking or go mountain climbing to improve my condition so that I can get into shape.
我会去远足或去爬山以改善我的健康状况,这样我就能强身健体。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)They look really beautiful a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide.
它们看上去很美,钻石形状,5英寸长,4英寸宽。
(2)Tim is physically even though he doesn't get much exercise.
蒂姆即使不太锻炼,身体也很好。
(3)Tom often does push-ups to stay .
汤姆常常做俯卧撑来保持体形。
答案 (1)in the shape of (2)in good shape (3)in shape
知识点11 rather than 连接两个并列成分
(P47)From now on, I'll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.
从现在开始,我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。
知识拓展
(1)rather than是一个并列连词,它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、动词等。rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与其前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)rather than后接动词不定式时,动词不定式可以带to,也可以不带to;但当rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to的动词不定式。
I think I'll have a cold drink rather than hot coffee.
我想我要喝杯冷饮而不是热咖啡。
I'd like to go there by train rather than by air.
我宁愿坐火车而不是乘飞机去那儿。
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.
我决定写信而不打电话。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Shirley would walk to work .
雪莉宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。
(2)She is a career woman .
她是职业妇女而不是家庭主妇。
(3)You are doing this for yourself .
你做这件事不是为别人而是为你自己。
答案 (1)rather than drive a car (2)rather than a housewife (3) rather than for others
知识点12 where引导定语从句
(P45)In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里,青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
知识拓展
句中的where being thin is often seen as being beautiful是关系副词where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词society。
where引导的定语从句,先行词一般是跟地点相关的名词,先行词在从句中作地点状语。
当先行词为stage、case、situation、position、point等表示抽象地点的名词,且定语从句中缺少状语时,用where引导定语从句。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这是我两年前住过的房子。
We're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
我们正努力达到一个双方能坐在一起谈一谈的状态。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)It's helpful to put children in a situation they manage everything all by themselves.
(2)You reach a point medicine can't help.
(3)Students should take part in some activities they can gain experience.
答案 (1)where (2)where (3)where
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.My parents prefer me (stay) at home tonight.
2.Harry is feeling (comfort). He must have drunk too much at the party last night.
3.This job really calls for a high level of (concentrate).
4.Rising temperatures are having harmful effects at least five species of rabbits in the US.
5. is known to you, she hasn't got married.
6.She wanted no chocolate because she was on diet.
7.Some students found it hard to take what their teacher had taught, so they asked him to explain it again.
8.Parents were too (frighten) to bring their children for vaccination.
9.He got shape by working out at the gym.
10.She seems remarkably (energy) for a woman of her age.
答案 1.to stay 2.uncomfortable 3.concentration
4.on 5.As 6.a 7.in 8. frightened 9.into 10.energetic
Ⅱ.选词填空
be concerned about; rather than; turn to; take in; slim down; get into shape; struggle with; what's more; be frightened of; function as
1.Judy is overweight, so she needs to .
2.Our club plans to 20 new members.
3.Regular exercise helps the film star and keep a slim figure.
4.More and more farmers are beginning to organic farming.
5.Some schools said they student safety.
6.He was engaged in writing a letter reading the newspaper.
7.We still have to all kinds of difficulties.
8. ,I usually read a book or some essays every day.
9.A typical PDA can a mobile phone, fax sender, and personal organizer.
10.I walking home alone in the dark.
答案 1.slim down 2.take in 3.get into shape 4.turn to 5.were concerned about 6.rather than 7.struggle with 8.What's more 9.function as 10.am frightened of
2(共50张PPT)
UNIT 4 Looking good, feeling good
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
1.__________adj. 担心的；忧虑的；关注的；关切的→________n. 担心；关心 vt. 使
担忧；涉及
concerned
concern
2._________n. 营养→_________adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的
nutrition
nutritious
3._________adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→_______n. 精力；能量
energetic
energy
4.___________vi. & vt. 集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注→_____________ n. 关
注；专心
concentrate
concentration
5.______n. 效果；作用；影响→_________adj. 有效的→______vt. 影响；深深打动
effect
effective
affect
6.__________adj. 害怕的；惊吓的；受惊的→________v. 使惊恐；吓唬
frightened
frighten
构词规律
adj.+-ly→adv. n./v.+-ive→adj.
extreme→extremely adv. 极其；极度 slight→slightly adv.稍微；略微；轻微地 complete→pletely 完全地 exact→exactly adv.确切地；准确地 entire→entirely adv.全部地 effect n．效果；作用→
effective adj.有效的
attract v．吸引；引起→
attractive adj.吸引人的
create v．创造；创作→creative adj.有创
造性的
act v．行为；行动→active adj.积极的；
活跃的
1.____________更为重要的是；更有甚者
what's more
2._______________注意
pay attention to
3.__________________作息有规律
keep regular hours
4._________指出；指明
point out
5.____________________完全康复
make a full recovery
6.lose weight properly____________
合理地减肥
7.one in ten__________
十分之一
8.side effect________
副作用
9.follow these lifestyle tips__________________
遵循这些生活方式
10.out of danger__________
脱离危险
1.Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target
weight.（动词不定式作后置定语）
翻译 珍妮弗认为,不吃饭会是达到她目标体重的一个简单方法。
仿写 Could you give me some advice on __________________________________
您能就怎样以最好的方式处理这件事给我提点儿建议吗
the best way to deal with the matter
2.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.（“have trouble doing sth”句式）
翻译 她告诉我她没法在课堂上集中注意力。
仿写 I never ____________________in a strange place.
在陌生的地方睡觉,我从来没有困难。
have trouble sleeping
3.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why
they should be worried.（“there is no reason why...”句式）
翻译 青少年轻微超重是正常的,他们没有必要担心。
仿写 ______________________ you shall not do such a thing.
你没有理由不做这种事。
There is no reason why
核心单词
知识点1 immediately adv.立即；马上conj.一……就＊immediate adj. 立即的；即时的；迫切的
（P44）Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.
珍妮弗被发现血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是立即接受了治疗。
知识拓展
immediately=as soon as=instantly 一……就（后跟时间状语从句）
图解释义
The boy stood up to offer his seat to the old woman immediately she got on the bus.
那位老太太一上公共汽车，这个男孩就站起来给她让座。
名师点拨
表示“一……就”的词汇还有immediately、instantly、directly、the moment、the minute、the instant等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句中immediately的词性和汉语意思
（1）If you see a fire happen in the house, cut off the electricity immediately.
__________________
副词。立即；马上
（2）Immediately she came in, I remembered her name at once. ________________
连词。一……就
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）她一见到母亲就哭了。
→_____________________________, she cried.
→____________________________________________, she cried.
→__________________________________________, she cried.
As soon as she saw her mother
Immediately/Directly/Instantly she saw her mother
The moment/minute/instant she saw her mother
知识点2 concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；聚集；全神贯注＊concentration n. 集中精力；专心
（P45）She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告诉我她没法在课堂上集中注意力。
知识拓展
concentrate on/upon （doing） sth 专心（做）某事
concentrate one's mind/attention/energy/efforts on 集中注意力于；全力以赴于
图解释义
It is hard for the boy to concentrate on his study.
这男孩很难专心学习。
名师点拨
表示“专心于；全神贯注于”的短语还有focus/fix one's mind/attention on、 put one's heart into、 be buried/lost/absorbed in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Don't be absent-minded. Please concentrate your mind ________ the experiment.
on/upon
（2）I saw them examining the equipment with great _____________（concentrate）.
concentration
Ⅱ.一句多译
（3）妈妈希望我能集中注意力于我所学的东西上。
→My mother hopes I can__________________________________________.
（concentrate）
→My mother hopes I can_____________________________________.（focus）
→My mother hopes I can_________________________________.（put one's heart into）
concentrate my attention on what I'm studying
focus my attention on what I'm studying
put my heart into what I'm studying
知识点3 concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；关注的；关切的＊concern n.担心；忧虑；关心 vt.涉及；让（某人）担忧＊concerning prep.关于；涉及
（P45）Health experts are concerned about these figures.
健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。
知识拓展
be concerned about关心；担心
be concerned with 与……有关
as/so far as sb be concerned 就某人而言
concern oneself with/about 对……感兴趣；关注
be of concern 非常重要；引起关注
经典佳句
There is no need for you to be concerned about his future.
你没有必要担心他的未来。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）（2023·浙江1月）Why is Ethan__________（concern） about his parents living
on their own
concerned
（2）You should pay attention to questions which are concerned_____ personal
problems.
with
（3）He asked several questions___________（concern） the future of the company.
concerning
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·四省适应性考试）This is___________________, as large fish tend to
produce more offspring than small ones.
这一点值得特别关注，因为大鱼往往比小鱼能繁育更多的后代。
of particular concern
知识点4 effect n.效果；作用；影响；结果；效应＊effective adj.有效的＊affect v.影响；感动
（P45）They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.
他们正在加大力度来教育青少年关于减肥过快的副作用。
知识拓展
have an effect on=have an influence on=have an impact on 对……有影响
put/bring sth into effect 使某事开始生效/实施
in effect 事实上；实际上
take effect 生效；奏效
come into effect 开始实施；开始生效
side effect 副作用
图解释义
The weather has a big effect on his mood.
天气对他的心情有很大影响。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）“Although these measures are not _________（effect） forever, they are vital
for now,” he says.
effective
（2）It's reported that this regulation will come _____effect this year.
into
（3）These hormones also have a positive effect ____heart and the blood flow.
on
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）The new law will not ___________ as planned.
新的法律不会像计划的那样见效。
take effect
（5）The new law is said to have ________________ from April.
据说新法律已经从四月起开始生效。
come into effect
（6）Great scientific achievements will _____________________ our life as well as
society.
重大的科技成果将对我们的生活和社会产生很大的影响。
have a great effect on
知识点5 prove v.证明；证实
（P45）These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers.
这些所谓的“速效法”被证明对青少年有害。
知识拓展
prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事
prove （that） ... 证明……
prove （to be）+名词（短语）/形容词 结果是……；证明是……
经典佳句
You brought this charge. You prove it！
你提出了这一指控。你来证明它！
名师点拨
prove作为连系动词时不用于被动语态，后常接形容词、名词（短语）作表语。
The scheme has proved a great success.
该计划结果很成功。
In the past this process of transition has often proven difficult.
在过去，这种转变过程常证明是艰难的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I know you don't believe me, but I can prove it ___you.
to
（2）Do you have any ______（prove） of these claims.
proof
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）The new treatment_____________________________.
这种新的治疗方法证明是一场灾难。
has proved （to be） a disaster
知识点6 diet n.节食；日常饮食 vi.节食；进行规定饮食
（P45）...it is important to have a healthy balanced diet... ……进行健康均衡的饮食很重要……
知识拓展
go on a diet 节食；控制饮食（表动作）
be on a diet 在节食（表状态）
a balanced/healthy diet 均衡的/健康的饮食
经典佳句
Doctors remind people to eat a balanced diet during festivals and celebrations.
医生提醒人们在节日和庆祝活动期间饮食要均衡。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He is ____a diet to reduce some weight.
on
（2）No sugar in my coffee, please. I'm _______（diet）.
dieting
知识点7 function n.作用；功能；职能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转 ＊functional adj.实用的；功能的；（能）起作用的
（P45）...teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. ……青少年还在成长,他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运转。
知识拓展
function as...=work as/act as/serve as... 起到……作用
function well/properly 正常运转
经典佳句
A library, functioning as an education centre, provides all kinds of books to the public.
图书馆给公众提供各种各样的书，具有教育中心的作用。
名师点拨
表示某事物起作用的词还有work、 help等，在表示该意思时都作不及物动词。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）This machine is not _______________________.
这部机器运转不正常。
functioning properly/well
（2）The sofa can also ___________ a bed.
这沙发也可以当床用。
function as
（3）We have _______________ smoke alarms on all staircases.
我们在各层的楼梯都安装了功能齐全的烟雾警报器。
fully functional
知识点8 frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的；惊吓的＊frighten vt. 使惊恐；使惊吓 ＊frightening adj.令人害怕的
（P47）I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时很害怕。
知识拓展
be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事（表示习惯）
be frightened to do sth 不敢去做某事
be frightened to death 吓得要死
be frightened that... 害怕……
frighten sb/sth away 把……吓跑
经典佳句
It was a very frightening experience and when mentioning it，they still feel frightened now.
那是一次非常可怕的经历，当提起这件事时，他们现在仍然感到害怕。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）What __________ （frighten） us was that two of our students were lost in the
forest.
frightened
（2）I want to travel to Paris，but I'm frightened _________ （travel） alone.
to travel
（3）You frightened me ___ death，staying out all night!
to
Ⅱ.句式升级
（4）As she was frightened at the dog, she refused to walk into the yard.
→____________________, she refused to walk into the yard. （用非谓语动词改写）
Frightened at the dog
短语句式
知识点9 take in包括；摄入；吸收；欺骗；领会；理解；收留
（P45）If they do not take in enough food， they may feel weak and get ill easily.
如果没有摄入足够的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱，且很容易生病。
知识拓展
take away 拿开；拿走
take down 拆掉；写下；记录
take off 起飞；脱下（衣服）；拿掉
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take over 接管；接替
take up 拿起；占据；从事；接受
图解释义
Plants generally take in water through their roots.
植物一般都是通过根部吸收水分。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句中take in的含义
（1）This is the total cost of the holiday， taking everything in.______
包括
（2）We are taken in by his promise of quick profit.______
欺骗
（3）I don't take in what you are talking about.____________
领会；理解
（4）He was homeless， so we took him in.______
收留
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）There will be many challenges ahead， but I have confidence that I'll ________
the burden.
虽然前面有很多挑战，但我有信心承担起这个重担。
take on
（6）Children spent hours watching the planes ________ and land.
孩子们一连几个小时都在看飞机起飞和降落。
take off
（7）When Mr Green retired， his son __________ the business from him.
格林先生退休时，他的儿子接管生意。
took over
知识点10 get into shape强身健体
（P45）We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的指导,因为好好生活是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。
知识拓展
in the shape of 以……形状
in good shape （身体）状况良好
out of shape 变形的
take shape 成形
stay in shape 保持体形
经典佳句
I will go hiking or go mountain climbing to improve my condition so that I can get into shape.
我会去远足或去爬山以改善我的健康状况，这样我就能强身健体。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）They look really beautiful _______________ a diamond, about 5 inches long
and 4 inches wide.
它们看上去很美，钻石形状，5英寸长，4英寸宽。
in the shape of
（2）Tim is ______________ physically even though he doesn't get much exercise.
蒂姆即使不太锻炼，身体也很好。
in good shape
（3）Tom often does push-ups to stay _________.
汤姆常常做俯卧撑来保持体形。
in shape
知识点11 rather than 连接两个并列成分
（P47）From now on, I'll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.
从现在开始，我会更注重我的健康而不是体重。
知识拓展
（1）rather than是一个并列连词，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词（短语）、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、动词等。rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与其前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
（2）rather than后接动词不定式时，动词不定式可以带to，也可以不带to；但当rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的动词不定式。
I think I'll have a cold drink rather than hot coffee.
我想我要喝杯冷饮而不是热咖啡。
I'd like to go there by train rather than by air.
我宁愿坐火车而不是乘飞机去那儿。
I decided to write rather than （to） telephone.
我决定写信而不打电话。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Shirley would walk to work _____________________.
雪莉宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。
rather than drive a car
（2）She is a career woman ______________________.
她是职业妇女而不是家庭主妇。
rather than a housewife
（3）You are doing this for yourself ____________________.
你做这件事不是为别人而是为你自己。
rather than for others
知识点12 where引导定语从句
（P45）In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里,青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。
知识拓展
句中的where being thin is often seen as being beautiful是关系副词where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词society。
where引导的定语从句，先行词一般是跟地点相关的名词，先行词在从句中作地点状语。
当先行词为stage、case、situation、position、point等表示抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，用where引导定语从句。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这是我两年前住过的房子。
We're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
我们正努力达到一个双方能坐在一起谈一谈的状态。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It's helpful to put children in a situation _______ they manage everything all by
themselves.
where
（2）You reach a point _______ medicine can't help.
where
（3）Students should take part in some activities_______they can gain experience．
where
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.My parents prefer me _______（stay） at home tonight.
to stay
2.Harry is feeling _____________（comfort）. He must have drunk too much at the
party last night.
uncomfortable
3.This job really calls for a high level of _____________（concentrate）.
concentration
4.Rising temperatures are having harmful effects ____ at least five species of rabbits
in the US.
on
5.____is known to you， she hasn't got married.
As
6.She wanted no chocolate because she was on ___ diet.
a
7.Some students found it hard to take ___what their teacher had taught， so they
asked him to explain it again.
in
8.Parents were too __________（frighten） to bring their children for vaccination.
frightened
9.He got _____shape by working out at the gym.
into
10.She seems remarkably _________（energy） for a woman of her age.
energetic
Ⅱ.选词填空
be concerned about； rather than； turn to； take in； slim down； get into
shape； struggle with； what's more； be frightened of； function as
1.Judy is overweight, so she needs to ___________.
slim down
2.Our club plans to ________ 20 new members.
take in
3.Regular exercise helps the film star ______________ and keep a slim figure.
get into shape
4.More and more farmers are beginning to _______organic farming.
turn to
5.Some schools said they ____________________ student safety.
were concerned about
6.He was engaged in writing a letter ___________ reading the newspaper.
rather than
7.We still have to _____________ all kinds of difficulties.
struggle with
8.____________，I usually read a book or some essays every day.
What's more
9.A typical PDA can___________a mobile phone, fax sender, and personal organizer.
function as
10.I ________________walking home alone in the dark.
am frightened of
