牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Welcome to the unit & Reading 课件(共34张PPT)

(共34张PPT)
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Welcome to the unit & reading
Step1 Preview
1. __________ n. & vt.伤害，损害→__________ adj.有害的→__________ adj.无害的
2. __________ n.地区，区域；行政区→__________ adj.地区的
3. __________ n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→__________ vt.加长→__________ adj.长的
4. __________ adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的→__________ vi. & vt.高耸；屹立；超过 n.塔；发射塔
5. __________ vi. 生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→__________ n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→__________ n.幸存者
6. __________ n.营养素，营养物→__________ n.营养→__________ adj.有营养的，营养丰富的
7. __________ vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→__________ n.消失，失踪→__________ v. 出现，呈现；显得，看来，似乎→__________ n.出现；外观，外貌
8. __________ n.农业，农学→ adj.农业的
9. __________ n.灭绝，绝种→__________ adj.灭绝的；绝迹的
harm
disappearance
harmful
harmless
region
regional
lengthen
length
long
towering
tower
survive
extinction
extinct
agricultural
agriculture
appearance
appear
survival
survivor
nutrition
nutrient
nutritious
disappear
但是我们不要过分陶醉于人类对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利，自然都会对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Fredrich Engels
flatter yourself 自以为是; 高看自己
on account of = because of 因为；由于
take revenge on 报复
Step2 Lead-in
1. Enjoy a quote.
2. Listen & Answer
What is the message of the song
Humans have done much harm to the Earth, and we have to take action to change this situation.
plant more trees
drive less and walk more
use fewer plastic bottles and bags
save water and cut down the use of electricity
don't waste food
don't use one-off things
...
What can we do to help protect the environment
humans live in harmony with nature
Reduce the waste
Recycle the waste
Reuse the resourses
3R
Do you know where it is
The Amazon rainforest:
a natural treasure
What could be the genre（体裁） of the article
documentary script (纪录片脚本）
Step3 Pre-reading
Para. 1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforest
Para. 2: Basic information about the rainforest
Para. 3: ___________________________________________
Para. 4: ___________________________________________
Para. 5:
___________________________________________
Read the documentary script and write the main idea of each paragraph.
Plant biodiversity; levels of the rainforest
The rainforest’s value to the human race; threats to the rainforest
Animal biodiversity; food chain
A1
Step4 while-reading
Fill in the blanks with the figures (part A2).
8
6 million
6,400
40,000
1,300
400
20%
17%
Para. 1 : Introduction
The status of The Amazon rainforest: _____________________________________.
the largest rainforest in the world
Para. 2 : Basic information
The Amazon rainforest lies on____________________________.
It named after ______________________________.
The Amazon rainforest and the Amazon River give the _____________________on the earth.


the South American continent
The Amazon River
richest biodiversity


a system of roots
The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
the tops of the
tallest trees
the mass of leaf litter
shorter plants with large leaves
towering ancient hardwoods
Para. 3 : Plants

There are _______ levels of plant species.
5
brazil nut
water lily
jaguars
insects
at least 87 species, including frogs
leaves and fruit
microorganisms
feed on
break down
feed on
eat
While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
nutrients
Para. 4 : Food chain
return
Para. 5 : Significance and danger
1. Why does the Amazon rainforest play a significant role in maintaining the balance of the Earth's ecosystem
the “lungs of the planet”
a treasure house of species for food and medicine materials
2. What's the major danger in the Amazon rainforest
What's the situation of the Amazon rainforest over the past 50 years
major danger :us / human beings
About 17% of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
Language points
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处可闻各种动物的声音。这里是亚马孙雨林。作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。
a huge sea of 大量的，许多
be alive with 充满着， 到处都是
play a significant role in... 在...方面起着重要的作用
Para 1
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
cross into 穿过，横穿
Para 2
1. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. （Line 6）
亚马逊雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国的国土面积的一半还要大。
倍数的表达方式：
A+be+倍数+the+名词（size/length/width/height）+of+B.
A+be+(n-1)倍数+比较级+than B.
A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B.
A+be+倍数+what从句.
请改写所给的句子。
The size of the newly broadened library is three times what the previous one was.
1.The newly broadened library is _________________ the previous one.
2. The newly broadened library is the previous one.
3. The newly broadened library is the previous one.
twice larger than
three times as large as
three times the size of
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length-roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6,400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。这条河从高山流向海洋，沿途维系着多种不同的生态系统。它们赋予这片区域地球上最丰富的生物多样性：全世界十分之一的已知物种，都可以在这里找到。
be close to 靠近；接近
in length 在长度上
one in ten 十分之一 = one out of ten.
which
此句为“介词+关系代词”（from which）引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用 ;先行词指人时，关系代词用 。
The woman ____ _______ you spoke is a teacher.
The city _____ _______he lives is far away.
2. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length—roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. (lines 7–9)
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6,400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。
to whom
in which
whom
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
在人类已知的390,000种植物物种中，在亚马孙可以找到40,000多种。这棵高大、古老的巴西坚果树结出的坚果我们可以食用；这些睡莲（叶片）大到可以躺在上面。雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。最底层是地下的根系。往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
be adj. / adv. enough to do 足够...去做...
a variety of 各种各样的
Above that位于句首，句子要完全倒装
Para 3
The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
再往上一层由低矮的阔叶植物组成。然后是高耸、古老的阔叶树，最后是那些离地数米之高的大树的树冠。雨林的每一层都自成一个小世界，成为各种生物的家园。
be made up of 由......组成
= be composed of = consist of.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
1,300多种鸟和400多种哺乳动物藏身于这片丛林的植被中。这只美洲豹就是个例子。它黄棕色的皮毛上遍布着黑点。尽管这里生存着数量可观的美洲豹，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。
a significant number of ... 大量的
the number of ... ......的数量
Para 4
They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
它们捕食的物种至少有87种，其中包括青蛙。相应地，这些青蛙的食物，是以树叶和水果为食的昆虫。美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让营养素重回土壤之中。
feed on ... 以......为食
in turn 相应地
a tiny army of 一小群
break down 分解
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet". Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
亚马孙雨林通过固定碳（二氧化碳），并生成占全球总量20％以上的氧气，来为地球注入活力。因此，它也常常被称作“地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是食用物种和药用物种的宝库。
breathe life into 给......带来起色，注入活力
be known as ... 被称为......，被认为是......
be known for... 因......而闻名
be used for 被用来做某事 be used as 被用作...
Para 5
Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
然而，这些无可取代的动植物面临的一个主要威胁就是：我们。在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17％的雨林已经消失了。随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
irreplaceable adj.无可替代的replaceable adj. 可替代的 replace v. 替代
due to 由于，因为
in danger of extinction 处在灭绝的危险中
afford to do sth 负担得起做某事
Phrases
1. 大量的，许多
2. 充满着， 到处都是
3. 在...方面起着重要的作用
4. 穿过，横穿
5. 靠近；接近
6. 在长度上
7. 十分之一
8. 足够...去做...
9. 各种各样的
a huge sea of
be alive with
play a significant role in...
cross into
be close to
in length
one in ten
be adj. / adv. enough to do
a variety of
10. 由......组成
11. 大量的
12. 以......为食
13. 相应地
14. 一小群
15. 分解
16. 给......带来起色，注入活力
17. 被称为......，被认为是......
18. 被用来做某事
19. 由于，因为
20. 处在灭绝的危险中
21. 负担得起做某事
be made up of
a significant number of ...
feed on ...
in turn
a tiny army of
break down
breathe life into
be known as ...
be used for
due to
in danger of extinction
afford to do sth
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1) of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2) for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3) in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4) on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to as high as 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing,
B1
variety
agriculture
survive
impact
Homework
(5) the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6) ______________ more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_________ the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8) ________ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.
due to
are broken down
beneath
thus
语法填空答案
1. an 2. which 3. length
4. richest 5. known 6. unbelievable
7. producing 8. as 9. be used
10. has disappeared
Thank You !