(共68张PPT)
Unit 6 Space and beyond
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
1.通过阅读课文内容，了解探索太空的历史和艰辛，以及我们将来探索太空的方向和
重点。（文化意识，思维品质）
2.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，学
习能力）
3.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
4.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本
用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.词义匹配
A.adj.危险的;不安全的
B.adv.瞬间地
C.adv.可以相信地；可想象地
D.adv.悲惨地；不幸地
E.n.（飞机上的）全体机组人员
F.n.望远镜
G.adj.模仿的；模拟的；仿真的
H.adj.（图画、模型等）生动的；逼真的
I.adj.平常的
J.v.重新激起；重新唤起
1.conceivably( )
2.hazardous( )
3.unexceptional( )
4.lifelike( )
5.rekindle( )
6.tragically( )
7.instantaneously( )
8.crew( )
9.simulated( )
10.telescope( )
C
A
I
H
J
D
B
E
G
F
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1._________ n. 例外 →_______ prep.除……之外→___________ adj. 杰出的；例外的；
罕见的；特殊的→_____________ adj. 平常的
2._________ adv. 悲惨地；不幸地→________ adj.悲剧的；悲剧性的→________ n.悲
剧；惨剧；悲剧文学
3._______ v.提交→___________ n.投降；屈服；服从→___________ adj. 顺从的；唯
命是从的→____________ adv.顺从地；服从地
4._________ adj. 看不见的；无形的→_______ adj. 明显的；看得见的→_______ n.视
力；视觉
exception
except
exceptional
unexceptional
tragically
tragical
tragedy
submit
submission
submissive
submissively
invisible
visible
vision
构词规律
n.+-ous→adj. 以un-作前缀的形容词
hazard→hazardous危险的；不安全的 advantage→advantageous 有利的；有好处 的 humor→humorous 滑稽的 courage→courageous勇敢的；无畏的 exceptional→unexceptional 普通的
happy→unhappy 不幸的；悲惨的；不快
乐的
like→unlike 不同的；不像的
able→unable 不能……的；无法……的
1.________________ 航天飞机
2._________________ 给……蒙上阴影
3.______________ 肉眼
4.__________________________ 习惯于（做）某事
5.________ 脱下;移去;起飞;突然成功
the space shuttle
cast a shadow on
the naked eye
become/grow accustomed to
take off
1.Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the
public, as innovations succeeded each other.（as引导原因状语从句）
翻译 登月后，由于创新接踵而至，太空旅行对公众来说迅速变得司空见惯。
仿写 I didn't go to school that day, ____________________.由于我的母亲生病了，所
以我那天就没去上学。
as my mother was ill
2.When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed
to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.
（seem to do sth）
翻译 当“挑战者号”航天飞机在1986年1月28日起飞时，全世界似乎已经不再对参与其
中的航天员所取得的惊人成就感到惊叹了。
仿写 His eyes were shut and he ___________________________.他眼睛闭着，似乎已
经睡着了。
seemed to have fallen asleep
3.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an
entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.（with的复合结构）
翻译 在全国学生的关注下，她可能鼓舞了全新一代的航天员们和太空科学家们。
仿写 She left the office _____________________.她眼里含着泪水，离开了办公室。
with tears in her eyes
4.We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they
stepped into the shuttle.（see+宾语+宾语补足语）
翻译 当航天员步入航天飞机时，我们看到了他们笑着向世界挥手。
仿写 All over the world you can ________________ to their hearts' content with a
ball made of plastic bags， just like Pele did when he was a boy.在世界各地，你可
以看到孩子们满心欢喜地玩着塑料袋做的球，就像贝利小时候那样。
see kids playing
5.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to
reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.（no matter how引导让步
状语从句）
翻译 “挑战者号”的牺牲在召唤我们，提醒我们，无论星星看起来多么遥远，我们都必
须继续努力向它们靠近。
仿写 _________________________, he is always ready to help others.不管他多忙, 他
总是乐意帮助别人。
No matter how busy he is
Step 1 先导入，拓展背景知识
Look at the following pictures about space and match the pictures with the right answers.
A.rocket
B.space shuttle
C.astronaut
D.Jade Rabbit Lunar Rover（“玉兔号”月球车）
1.___
C
2.___
B
3.___
D
4.___
A
Step 2 再精读，明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 and match each paragraph with its main idea.
A.The failure of the Challenger encouraged us to continue exploring space.
B.An overview of Armstrong's mission to the Moon.
C.An introduction to the launch of the Challenger and its purpose.
D.The investigation into the Challenger crash and the successful launch of Discovery.
E.The Challenger mission ended in failure.
F.A student describes how the Challenger crashed.
1.Para.1( )
2.Para.2( )
3.Para.3( )
4.Para.4( )
5.Para.5( )
6.Para.6( )
B
C
E
F
D
A
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 and choose the best answers.
1.If Christa McAuliffe's lessons were successful, what would be the result ( )
D
A.More and more students would like her lessons.
B.She would be a professor in training astronauts.
C.There would be more students inspired to be a teacher.
D.An new generation of astronauts and space scientists would be inspired.
2.How did people feel after the Challenger mission ended in failure ( )
C
A.Excited. B.Optimistic. C.Shocked. D.Indifferent.
3.What's the landmark event of the resumption of the space shuttle programme ( )
B
A.Yang Liwei set foot on the Moon.
B.The successful launch of Discovery.
C.Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon.
D.The great rockets had been replaced by the space shuttle.
4.What's the meaning of the word “they” in the first sentence of the last paragraph？
( )
A
A.The crew of the Challenger.
B.The crew of the Discovery.
C.Gagarin, Tereshkova, Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
D.The millions of people that witnessed the launch of the Challenger.
Step 3 后结构，分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
The Call of the Challenger
Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster ◆Time:1.___________________.
◆Place:in Florida USA
◆Crew:2.______ astronauts, including a teacher
Mission of the teacher: planned to 3._________________________ from
orbit
◆the first to demonstrate the 4.________ of the spacecraft and explain
5.___________________
◆the second to describe the 6.__________ of the Challenger
programme
on 28 January 1986
seven
give two 15-minute lessons
controls
how gravity worked
objectives
The Call of the Challenger
Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster Things done following the disaster:
◆7.__________ Space shuttle flights
◆investigated the 8.______ of the disaster
◆redesigned some of the shuttle's 9.___________
◆launched 10.__________ successfully
suspended
cause
components
Discovery
续表
Ⅱ.
Write a summary in about 60 words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
After Armstrong's landing on the Moon, the Moon landings, space travel rapidly
became unexceptional to the public. However, the launch of the Challenger ended in
failure,and all of the astronauts died. After the shock of the Challenger disaster, space
shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years. The sacrifice of the Challenger
reminds us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they
might seem.
Ⅲ.长难句分析
Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their
hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，
and of the many things that could go wrong.
善分析 本句的主干部分是Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and
white television sets。本句中their hearts in their mouths为（1）__________结构，
aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things
that could go wrong这部分作状语，其中第二个并列连词and后省略了形容词（2）
______。
会翻译 （3）_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
独立主格
aware
数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了第一次登月,他们的心都快从嗓子眼里跳出来了,他们明白这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务,也明白可能会出现很多问题。
核心单词
知识点1 consider vt.& vi.考虑；认为；觉得；以为＊consideration n.考虑；体贴＊considerable adj.相当大的；相当重要的；值得考虑的＊considerate adj.考虑周到的；体贴的；体谅的
（P82）With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man, one
giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been
achieved.阿姆斯特朗现在有句名言，“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”。曾经
被认为是不可能的事情现在已经实现了。
all things considered 考虑到所有情况；总而言之
be considered to have done sth 被认为做了某事
deserve consideration值得考虑
We must consider that matter carefully. 我们必须认真考虑那件事情。
This award is considered to be a great honour.这个奖项被视为极大的荣誉。
知识拓展
经典佳句
consider的基本用法：
（1）consider+从句；
（2）consider+疑问词+动词不定式；
（3）consider+动名词；
（4）consider后接带形容词的复合结构，即“consider+宾语+形容词”；
（5）consider后接带动词不定式的复合结构，即“consider+宾语+动词不定式（主要为to
be）”；
名师点拨
（6）consider+it（形式宾语）+形容词（或名词）+真正宾语（动词不定式或名词等）。
We consider your suggestions valuable. 我们认为你的建议很有价值。
I surely consider it necessary to tell him the news now. 我坚决认为现在有必要把消
息告诉他。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Now he hopes that other cities will consider ________ （make） their streets
run smarter instead of just making them bigger.
（2）The project wasted a ____________（consider） amount of time and money.
making
considerable
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Have you ever ________________ to put the computer 你考虑好将电脑放在哪
里了吗？
（4）She ________________ to the city.她考虑搬到那个城市去。
（5）He always ______________________ cleverer than others. 他总是认为自己比别
人聪明。
（6）They will fly to Washington, __________________________ for two or three
days.他们要飞往华盛顿。他们考虑在那儿待两到三天。
considered where
considers moving
considers himself to be
where they consider staying
知识点2 average adj.平均的；普通的 n.平均数；平均水平 v.平均为
（P82）Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by
today's average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made
it safely back to Earth. 完成阿波罗11号任务的三名航天员在一台比现在普通学生使用
的计算机功能弱得多的计算机的引导下，全部安全返回地球。
an average of 平均有（后跟数词）
on average 平均地；在一般情况下
above/below average 高于/低于平均数/水平
up to the average 达到平均数/水平
知识拓展
There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam，an average of 18 students in each
class. Tom's score was above average, while John's was below average. 有90名学生在考
试中获得满分，平均每个班18名学生。汤姆的分数高于平均水平，而约翰的分数低
于平均水平。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It is said that the time spent on homework by Chinese students is more than
four hours a day ____ average.
（2）To their great joy，their son's schoolwork is well ______ average.
（3）The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate，__________
（average） almost 10 percent per annum.
on
above
averaging
经典佳句
知识点3 replace vt.取代；以……代替；把……放回原处＊replacement n.代替；更换；替代者
（P82）By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space
programme had been replaced by the space shuttle. 到20世纪80年代初，以前在美国
太空计划中使用的大型火箭已经被航天飞机所取代。
replace... with/by... 用/以……代替/替换……
take the place of sb=take sb's place 接替某人的位置
in place of 代替
知识拓展
Teachers will never be replaced by computers in class.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，
这不是什么好主意。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The living room television ___________（replace） by a new one.
（2）It is still under discussion whether or not the old bus station should be replaced
________ a modern hotel.
（3）In my opinion, our old car is badly in need of ___________（replace）.
is replaced
by/with
replacement
经典佳句
知识点4 involve vt.使卷入；牵涉；包括；需要＊involved adj.复杂的；与……关系密切的＊involvement n.参与；介入；投入；沉迷
（P83）When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world
seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts
involved. 当“挑战者号”航天飞机在1986年1月28日起飞时，全世界似乎已经不再对参
与其中的航天员所取得的惊人成就感到惊叹了。
involve sb in sth 把某人牵扯到某事里
involve oneself with 和……混在一起；和……有密切联系
be involved in （doing） sth 专注于（做）某事；参与（做）某事
be／become／get involved in sth with sb 与某人在某方面有牵连
involve doing sth 涉及做某事
involve sb in doing sth 使某人做某事
知识拓展
Sadly，a serious accident involving a group of youths happened to him. Involved in the car
accident，he had no alternative but to stay and wait for the policeman. 不幸的是，一起牵
扯到一群年轻人的严重车祸发生在他身上。由于卷入车祸，他别无选择，只能留下来
等警察。
经典佳句
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to
become more _________（involve）.
（2）The main road through the city was blocked for three hours today after an
accident _________（involve） two lorries.
（3）All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting _________
（involve）.
involved
involving
involved
知识点5 assume v.假设；假定；认为；承担＊assumption n.假定；假设；设想
（P83）The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space
flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了,大
多数人都认为这次太空飞行会和坐飞机旅行一样安全。
assume sb/sth to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
assume that... 假设……；认为……
It is/was generally assumed that... 普遍认为……
on the assumption that... 假定……；假设……
assuming （that）... 假定……（作状语）
Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.咱们暂时假设计划成功。
We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.在他被证明有罪
之前，我们必须假定他是无辜的。
知识拓展
经典佳句
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I hope to go to college next year，always _________（assume） that I pass
my exams.
（2）We are working on the ___________（assume）that everyone invited will turn
up.
assuming
assumption
Ⅱ.句型转换
（3）People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.
→_________________ what they do has little effect on the environment.（用it 作形式
主语改写）
It is assumed that
（4）If there was not the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our
environment will be like
→______________ there was not the hard work of the dustman，what can you
imagine our environment will be like？（用 assuming 作连词改写）
Assuming that
知识点6 scream v.（因伤痛、害怕、激动等）尖叫
（P84）The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming. “挑战
者号”已在半空中爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫。
scream with laughter 尖声大笑
scream out for sth 亟须；亟待
let out a scream 发出尖叫声
知识拓展
He covered her mouth to stop her from screaming. 他捂上她的嘴，不让她叫出声来。
The kids were screaming with excitement. 孩子们兴奋地喊叫着。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Someone was screaming out ____ help.
（2）These books scream out ______________（include） in a list of favourites.
for
to be included
经典佳句
知识点7 suspend v.暂停；中止；悬挂
（P84）Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were
suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，
and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned.在遭受了“挑战者号”灾难的冲击
之后，航天飞机的飞行暂停了近三年，同时人们调查了这次灾难发生的原因，并对航
天飞机的一些部件进行了重新设计。
suspend sb from sth （尤指因为违反纪律）暂令某人停止做某事
suspend sth from sth/by sth 将……悬挂在……
be suspended in sth 悬浮在……中
知识拓展
Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out. 在进行安全检查期间
生产暂停。
Cancel or suspend is not allowed. 不允许“取消”或“中止”。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Her body was found suspended ____ a rope.
（2）A lamp was suspended ______ the ceiling.
（3）Julie was suspended ______ her job shortly after the incident.
by
from
from
经典佳句
短语句式
知识点8 become accustomed to （doing） sth习惯于（做）某事
（P82）Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969,
people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel. 自尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在
1969年7月20日首次登上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行的概念。
be accustomed to （doing） sth=be used to （doing） sth 习惯于（做）某事
accustom oneself/sb to （doing） sth 使某人习惯于（做）某事
知识拓展
Accustomed to getting up late in the morning，I spend a lot of time accustoming myself to
the school's rules and regulations. 由于我习惯了早上很晚起床，我花了很多时间使自己
习惯学校的规章制度。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Accustomed to _________（climb） the steep mountains，he had no difficulty
reaching the top.
（2）His eyes became ___________（accustom） to the dark after the brilliance of
the sun outside.
（3）It took me a while to accustom _______（I） to all the new rules and
regulations here.
climbing
accustomed
myself
经典佳句
知识点9 as引导时间状语从句
（P82）Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to
the public, as innovations succeeded each other. 登月后，由于创新接踵而至，太空
旅行对公众来说迅速变得司空见惯。
as作连词的用法：
（1）引导时间状语从句，意思是“当……的时候；一边……一边……;随着”
They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
（2）引导原因状语从句，意思是“因为；既然”
As she wasn't ready in time, we went without her. 因为她没准备好，所以我们没等她
就走了。
知识拓展
（3）引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然;尽管”
Not clever as she is, she works very hard.（=Although/Though she is not clever, she
works very hard.）她虽然不聪明，但很努力。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.（=Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.）
他虽然是个孩子，但知道很多事。
注意：as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序，其结构为“形容词/名词/副词/动词原形+as
+主语……”; 名词提前时，去掉冠词。
（4）引导方式状语从句，意思是“如;像；按照”
Do in Rome as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive. 在警察到来之前，我们最
好让现场保持原样。
融会应用 写出下列句子中as所引导的从句的类型
（1）Happy as they were, there was something missing.______________
（2）Leave the papers as they are. ______________
（3）The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.
______________
让步状语从句
方式状语从句
时间状语从句
（4）As the small boat moved gently along the river，the mountains' being silently
reflected in the water made him speechless. ______________
（5）As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs.
______________
（6）According to Professor Johnson, we don't have to read the book if we don't
want to, as it is optional. ______________
时间状语从句
原因状语从句
原因状语从句
知识点10 动词不定式作后置定语
（P83）She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit: the first to
demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked, and the
second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme.她计划在轨道上讲两节
15分钟的课：第一节课演示航天器的控制，并解释重力是如何工作的，第二节课描述
“挑战者号”计划的目标。
当名词前有first、only、last、next等序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，名词后常用动词不
定式作定语。
He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.他总是第一个来，最
后一个离开。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Armstrong is the first man ______（set） foot on the Moon.
（2）As we all know, Antarctica is the last continent ________________（discover）.
to set
to be discovered
知识点11 no+比较级+than
（P83）The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space
flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了,
大多数人都认为这次太空飞行会和坐飞机旅行一样安全。
句中的no more dangerous than“A+no +比较级+than+B”结构，表示“A和B都不……”。
（1）“no+比较级+than”结构表示该形容词或副词的相反含义，意思是“与……一样
不……”，如no better than的意思相当于as bad as，no wiser than的意思相当于as
stupid as，no richer than的意思相当于as poor as，no bigger than的意思相当于as
small as。
（2）“not+比较级+than”结构表示“不比……怎么样”，如not better than...“不比……好”。
知识拓展
（3）比较级的其他用法：
①“the+比较级+of the two”结构表示“两者之中较……”。
②“定冠词+比较级+名词”结构表示比较。
③有少数以-ior结尾的形容词本身就有比较的意思，如inferior“较差的”、junior“地位低
下的”、posterior“后面的”、prior“在前的”、senior“地位高的”、superior“较好的”等，常
与to连用。
（4）形容词比较级可以被副词如much、even、still、far等修饰，但不可以用very修饰。
This one is the bigger of the two houses.这所房子是两所房子中较大的。
The taller boy is John.那个身高较高的男孩子是约翰。
This method is superior to that one.这种方法优于那种方法。
Life now is much better than it was twenty years ago.现在的生活比20年前好多了。
融会应用 翻译句子
（1）这本书不如那本书有趣。
___________________________________________
（2）这本书和那本书一样令人不感兴趣。
___________________________________________
This book is not more interesting than that one.
This book is no more interesting than that one.
知识点12 there is no doubt that...
（P84）But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on
29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch
of Discovery.但毫无疑问，载人飞行将继续下去。1988年9月29日，航天飞机计划随着
“发现号”的成功发射而重新启动。
doubt既可以作名词，也可以作动词，在肯定句中，后面的名词性从句用whether、 if、
when、 what等连接；在疑问句、否定句中，后面的名词性从句用that连接。
There's no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑
问，我们的教育体制还有不足之处。
I doubt whether he'll come.=I have my doubt whether he'll come.我怀疑他是否会来。
I don't doubt that you will succeed.=I have no doubt that you will succeed. 我毫不
怀疑你会成功。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句填空
（1）There is no doubt _____ the sports meeting will be put off until next week.
（2）What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the
serious disease soon.
that
whether
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He was endlessly kind and _______（patience） with children.
2.Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers help us _________
（patient）.
3.His actions were based on a false ___________（assume）.
patient
patiently
assumption
4.__________（assume） he's still alive，how old would he be now
5.This is its ________（notion） explanation：the condition of creditor's rights debt
6.__________（tragic）， his wife was killed in a car accident.
7._________（shadow） figures approached them out of the fog.
8.Both poets drew their __________（inspire） from the countryside.
9.The word “_____________（exceptional）” means uninteresting or usual.
Assuming
notional
Tragically
Shadowy
inspiration
unexceptional
Ⅱ.选词填空
on board;be sure of;ever since;be accustomed to;go wrong;be aware of;turn into;cast
a shadow on
1.The six astronauts _________ will spend ten days in space.
2.The crisis in Europe's economy has _________________ our own.
3.England must win this game to ___________ qualifying for the World Cup.
4.They've been living there __________— eating your food, drinking your drink,
giving wild parties.
on board
cast a shadow on
be sure of
ever since
5.It will not take you very long to _________________ the way we do it.
6.After my father died, I was very unhappy and things ____________ for me too.
7.As time went on, people came to ____________ the seriousness of China's
population.
8.I think I have got to stop or I might _________ a machine.
be accustomed to
went wrong
be aware of
turn into
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.China has become __________________ land a spacecraft on the far side of the
Moon.中国成为第一个将宇宙飞船送上月球背面的国家。
the first country to
2._____________________ global warming has become one of the biggest problems
we face today.
毫无疑问，全球变暖已经成为我们今天面临的最大问题之一。
There is no doubt that
3.It took him a while to ___________________________. 他过了一段时间才习惯这个
想法。
4.She ____________________ many extra-curricular activities. 她已参加了许多课外活
动。
5.Before you _________ that piece of cake, think about how your mood and food are
linked.在你拿起那块蛋糕之前，想想你的情绪和食物是如何联系在一起的。
accustom himself to the idea
has been involved in
reach for
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot 1.____ the Moon back on 20 July 1969，
people have become 2.____________（accustom） to the notion of space travel.All
three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it 3.________（safe） back to Earth，
4._______（use）a spaceship computer that was much less powerful 5.______ the
ones used by today's average school students.By the time the Challenger took off in
1986，the world seemed to 6.___________（lose）its wonder at the 7._________
（amaze） achievements of people going up into space.But this was going to be a
special flight and so 8.__________（million） of people tuned in to witness the take-
off on TV. Sadly, the Challenger exploded in mid-air.It 9.__________（happen） so
quickly and everyone was in a state of shock.In spite of all our advanced technology，
the world is still only at 10._____ very beginning of its voyage into space.
on
accustomed
safely
using
than
have lost
amazing
millions
happened
the
单句填空
1.（2023·四省适应性考试）High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with
moments of silence in conversation and consider _______（talk） at the same time a
sign of engagement.
talking
2.（2022·全国乙）Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the
schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow
_____________ （replace） by mud over ice.
was replaced
3.（2021·浙江1月）Today, in Australia, most children ____ average fall 2,000 steps
short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight.
4.（2021·全国甲）I have no doubt _____ the little one will be out and about
exploring and playing every day.
5.（2023·新课标Ⅰ）When enough of these errors are _________（average） together,
they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate.
on
that
averagedUnit 6 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读课文内容,了解探索太空的历史和艰辛,以及我们将来探索太空的方向和重点。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,学习能力)
3.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
4.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.词义匹配
( )1.conceivably ( )2.hazardous
( )3.unexceptional ( )4.lifelike
( )5.rekindle ( )6.tragically
( )7.instantaneously ( )8.crew
( )9.simulated ( )10.telescope
A.adj.危险的;不安全的
B.adv.瞬间地
C.adv.可以相信地;可想象地
D.adv.悲惨地;不幸地
E.n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员
F.n.望远镜
G.adj.模仿的;模拟的;仿真的
H.adj.(图画、模型等)生动的;逼真的
I.adj.平常的
J.v.重新激起;重新唤起
答案 1~5 CAIHJ 6~10 DBEGF
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. n. 例外 → prep.除……之外→ adj. 杰出的;例外的;罕见的;特殊的→ adj. 平常的
2. adv. 悲惨地;不幸地→ adj.悲剧的;悲剧性的→ n.悲剧;惨剧;悲剧文学
3. v.提交→ n.投降;屈服;服从→ adj. 顺从的;唯命是从的→ adv.顺从地;服从地
4. adj. 看不见的;无形的→ adj. 明显的;看得见的→ n.视力;视觉
答案 1.exception;except;exceptional;unexceptional
2.tragically;tragical;tragedy 3.submit;submission;submissive;submissively 4.invisible;visible;vision
构词规律
n.+-ous→adj. 以un-作前缀的形容词
hazard→hazardous危险的;不安全的 advantage→advantageous 有利的;有好处的 humor→humorous 滑稽的 courage→courageous勇敢的;无畏的 exceptional→unexceptional 普通的 happy→unhappy 不幸的;悲惨的;不快乐的 like→unlike 不同的;不像的 able→unable 不能……的;无法……的
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 航天飞机
2. 给……蒙上阴影
3. 肉眼
4. 习惯于(做)某事
5. 脱下;移去;起飞;突然成功
答案 1.the space shuttle 2.cast a shadow on
3.the naked eye 4.become/grow accustomed to
5.take off
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other.(as引导原因状语从句)
翻译 登月后,由于创新接踵而至,太空旅行对公众来说迅速变得司空见惯。
仿写 I didn't go to school that day, .由于我的母亲生病了,所以我那天就没去上学。
2.When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.(seem to do sth)
翻译 当“挑战者号”航天飞机在1986年1月28日起飞时,全世界似乎已经不再对参与其中的航天员所取得的惊人成就感到惊叹了。
仿写 His eyes were shut and he .他眼睛闭着,似乎已经睡着了。
3.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.(with的复合结构)
翻译 在全国学生的关注下,她可能鼓舞了全新一代的航天员们和太空科学家们。
仿写 She left the office .她眼里含着泪水,离开了办公室。
4.We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.(see+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译 当航天员步入航天飞机时,我们看到了他们笑着向世界挥手。
仿写 All over the world you can to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags, just like Pele did when he was a boy.在世界各地,你可以看到孩子们满心欢喜地玩着塑料袋做的球,就像贝利小时候那样。
5.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
翻译 “挑战者号”的牺牲在召唤我们,提醒我们,无论星星看起来多么遥远,我们都必须继续努力向它们靠近。
仿写 , he is always ready to help others.不管他多忙, 他总是乐意帮助别人。
答案 1.as my mother was ill 2.seemed to have fallen asleep 3.with tears in her eyes 4.see kids playing 5.No matter how busy he is
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 先导入,拓展背景知识
Look at the following pictures about space and match the pictures with the right answers.
1. 2.
3. 4.
A.rocket B.space shuttle
C.astronaut
D.Jade Rabbit Lunar Rover(“玉兔号”月球车)
答案 1~4 CBDA
Step 2 再精读,明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 and match each paragraph with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5 ( )6.Para.6
A.The failure of the Challenger encouraged us to continue exploring space.
B.An overview of Armstrong's mission to the Moon.
C.An introduction to the launch of the Challenger and its purpose.
D.The investigation into the Challenger crash and the successful launch of Discovery.
E.The Challenger mission ended in failure.
F.A student describes how the Challenger crashed.
答案 1~6 BCEFDA
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 and choose the best answers.
1.If Christa McAuliffe's lessons were successful, what would be the result
A.More and more students would like her lessons.
B.She would be a professor in training astronauts.
C.There would be more students inspired to be a teacher.
D.An new generation of astronauts and space scientists would be inspired.
2.How did people feel after the Challenger mission ended in failure
A.Excited. B.Optimistic. C.Shocked. D.Indifferent.
3.What's the landmark event of the resumption of the space shuttle programme
A.Yang Liwei set foot on the Moon.
B.The successful launch of Discovery.
C.Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon.
D.The great rockets had been replaced by the space shuttle.
4.What's the meaning of the word “they” in the first sentence of the last paragraph
A.The crew of the Challenger.
B.The crew of the Discovery.
C.Gagarin, Tereshkova, Armstrong and Yang Liwei.
D.The millions of people that witnessed the launch of the Challenger.
答案 1~4 DCBA
Step 3 后结构,分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
The Call of the Challenger
Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster ◆Time:1. . ◆Place:in Florida USA ◆Crew:2. astronauts, including a teacher
Mission of the teacher: planned to 3. from orbit ◆the first to demonstrate the 4. of the spacecraft and explain 5. ◆the second to describe the 6. of the Challenger programme
Things done following the disaster: ◆7. Space shuttle flights ◆investigated the 8. of the disaster ◆redesigned some of the shuttle's 9. ◆launched 10. successfully
答案 1.on 28 January 1986 2.seven 3.give two 15-minute lessons 4.controls 5.how gravity worked 6.objectives 7.suspended 8.cause 9.components 10.Discovery
Ⅱ.Write a summary in about 60 words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
After Armstrong's landing on the Moon, the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public. However, the launch of the Challenger ended in failure,and all of the astronauts died. After the shock of the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years. The sacrifice of the Challenger reminds us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
Ⅲ.长难句分析
Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets,their hearts in their mouths,aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was,and of the many things that could go wrong.
善分析 本句的主干部分是Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets。本句中their hearts in their mouths为(1) 结构,aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was,and of the many things that could go wrong这部分作状语,其中第二个并列连词and后省略了形容词(2) 。
会翻译 (3)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)独立主格 (2)aware (3)数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了第一次登月,他们的心都快从嗓子眼里跳出来了,他们明白这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务,也明白可能会出现很多问题。
新知探究
核心素养
“挑战者号”航天飞机灾难(The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster),指“挑战者号”航天飞机于美国东部时间1986年1月28日上午11时39分(格林尼治标准时间16时39分)发射在美国佛罗里达州的上空。“挑战者号”航天飞机升空后,因其右侧固体火箭助推器(SRB)的O型环密封圈失效,毗邻的外部燃料舱在泄漏出的火焰的高温烧灼下结构失效,使高速飞行中的航天飞机在空气阻力的作用下于发射后的第73秒解体,机上7名航天员全部罹难。“挑战者号”的残骸散落在大海中,后来被远程搜救队打捞了上来。
解析教材
The Call of the Challenger
Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969(1), people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel. Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong(2). With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”, what had once been considered impossible(3) had now been achieved. Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students(4), all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.
“挑战者号”的呼唤
自尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月20日首次登上月球以来,人们已经习惯了太空旅行的概念。数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了第一次登月,他们的心都快从嗓子眼里跳出来了,他们明白这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务,也明白可能会出现很多问题。阿姆斯特朗现在有句名言,“这是个人的一小步,却是人类的一大步”。曾经被认为是不可能的事情现在已经实现了。完成阿波罗11号任务的三名航天员在一台比现在普通学生使用的计算机功能弱得多的计算机的引导下,全部安全返回地球。
【助读点拨】
(1)Ever since引导时间状语从句。
(2)how引导宾语从句,that引导定语从句。
(3)what引导主语从句。
(4)that引导定语从句。
Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space programme(5) had been replaced by the space shuttle. When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986(6), the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved. But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and millions of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. It was
登月后,由于创新接踵而至,太空旅行对公众来说迅速变得司空见惯。到20世纪80年代初,以前在美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已经被航天飞机所取代。当“挑战者号”航天飞机在1986年1月28日起飞时,全世界似乎已经不再对参与其中的航天员所取得的惊人成就感到惊叹了。但这将不是一次普通的短途旅行,数百万人在电视上观看了这次起飞。这次旅行很特别,因为
special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space(7). She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit: the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked, and the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme. Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme. With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
37岁的克里斯塔·麦考利夫,一位普通的教师和母亲,即将成为第一位进入太空的平民。她计划在轨道上讲两节15分钟的课:第一节课演示航天器的控制,并解释重力是如何工作的,第二节课描述“挑战者号”计划的目标。克里斯塔希望传达一种兴奋的感觉,并重新点燃人们对太空计划的兴趣。在全国学生的关注下,她可能鼓舞了全新一代的航天员们和太空科学家们。
【助读点拨】
(5)动词-ed形式作后置定语,修饰the great rockets。
(6)When引导时间状语从句。
(7)because引导原因状语从句。
Tragically, she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida(8), and all seven astronauts on board were killed. The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they had been! Instantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure. It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
不幸的是,她再也没有回到教室,因为航天飞机在佛罗里达起飞仅一分钟后就爆炸了,机上七名航天员全部遇难。全世界都震惊了,大多数人都认为这次太空飞行会和坐飞机旅行一样安全。他们大错特错了!瞬间,兴奋和乐观变成了恐惧和失败。这是有史以来最具灾难性的太空事故,它给人们的心灵蒙上了一层阴影。
【助读点拨】
(8)as引导原因状语从句。
“I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school,” said one student. “There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. We didn't have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle(9). Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.”
一名学生说:“我清楚地记得那天,我在学校的电视上看到了起飞过程。‘挑战者号’上有一位普通的老师,我们都很兴奋,迫不及待等待发射。当航天员步入航天飞机时,我们看到了他们笑着向世界挥手。然后,在起飞差不多一分钟后,我们看到天空中有一道奇怪的红色和橙色的光,紧随其后的是一团白烟。‘挑战者号’已在半空中爆炸了,我们都开始尖叫。”
【助读点拨】
(9)as引导时间状语从句。
Following the shock of the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated, and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned(10). But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
在遭受了“挑战者号”灾难的冲击之后,航天飞机的飞行暂停了近三年,同时人们调查了这次灾难发生的原因,并对航天飞机的一些部件进行了重新设计。但毫无疑问,载人飞行将继续下去。1988年9月29日,航天飞机计划随着“发现号”的成功发射而重新启动。
【助读点拨】
(10)and连接两个while引导的时间状语从句。
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short(11), they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration, such as Gagarin, Tereshkova, Armstrong and Yang Liwei. The memory of those seven will live forever, written in the stars, inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of exploration and discovery. The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem(12).
自“挑战者号”发射失败以来,已经过去30多年了。尽管机组人员的生命被悲惨地终止,但他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等其他太空探索英雄们并驾齐驱。这七位将被永远铭记,关于他们的记忆被写在星星上,激励着我们与他们一起踏上人类最伟大的探索和发现之旅。“挑战者号”的牺牲在召唤我们,提醒我们,无论星星看起来多么遥远,我们都必须继续努力向它们靠近。
【助读点拨】
(11)although引导让步状语从句。
(12)reminding...为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,其中that引导宾语从句,no matter how引导让步状语从句。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 consider vt.& vi.考虑;认为;觉得;以为 *consideration n.考虑;体贴 *considerable adj.相当大的;相当重要的;值得考虑的 *considerate adj.考虑周到的;体贴的;体谅的
(P82)With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”,what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.阿姆斯特朗现在有句名言,“这是个人的一小步,却是人类的一大步”。曾经被认为是不可能的事情现在已经实现了。
知识拓展
all things considered 考虑到所有情况;总而言之
be considered to have done sth 被认为做了某事
deserve consideration值得考虑
经典佳句
We must consider that matter carefully. 我们必须认真考虑那件事情。
This award is considered to be a great honour.这个奖项被视为极大的荣誉。
名师点拨
consider的基本用法:
(1)consider+从句;
(2)consider+疑问词+动词不定式;
(3)consider+动名词;
(4)consider后接带形容词的复合结构,即“consider+宾语+形容词”;
(5)consider后接带动词不定式的复合结构,即“consider+宾语+动词不定式(主要为to be)”;
(6)consider+it(形式宾语)+形容词(或名词)+真正宾语(动词不定式或名词等)。
We consider your suggestions valuable. 我们认为你的建议很有价值。
I surely consider it necessary to tell him the news now. 我坚决认为现在有必要把消息告诉他。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Now he hopes that other cities will consider (make) their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.
(2)The project wasted a (consider) amount of time and money.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Have you ever to put the computer 你考虑好将电脑放在哪里了吗
(4)She to the city.她考虑搬到那个城市去。
(5)He always cleverer than others. 他总是认为自己比别人聪明。
(6)They will fly to Washington, for two or three days.他们要飞往华盛顿。他们考虑在那儿待两到三天。
答案 (1)making (2)considerable (3)considered where (4)considers moving (5)considers himself to be (6)where they consider staying
知识点2 average adj.平均的;普通的 n.平均数;平均水平 v.平均为
(P82)Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students,all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth. 完成阿波罗11号任务的三名航天员在一台比现在普通学生使用的计算机功能弱得多的计算机的引导下,全部安全返回地球。
知识拓展
an average of 平均有(后跟数词)
on average 平均地;在一般情况下
above/below average 高于/低于平均数/水平
up to the average 达到平均数/水平
经典佳句
There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam,an average of 18 students in each class. Tom's score was above average, while John's was below average. 有90名学生在考试中获得满分,平均每个班18名学生。汤姆的分数高于平均水平,而约翰的分数低于平均水平。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)It is said that the time spent on homework by Chinese students is more than four hours a day average.
(2)To their great joy,their son's schoolwork is well average.
(3)The economy in this area has grown at a remarkable rate, (average) almost 10 percent per annum.
答案 (1)on (2)above (3)averaging
知识点3 replace vt.取代;以……代替;把……放回原处 *replacement n.代替;更换;替代者
(P82)By the early 1980s, the great rockets previously used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle. 到20世纪80年代初,以前在美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已经被航天飞机所取代。
知识拓展
replace... with/by... 用/以……代替/替换……
take the place of sb=take sb's place 接替某人的位置
in place of 代替
经典佳句
Teachers will never be replaced by computers in class.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。
It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐,改吃点心,这不是什么好主意。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The living room television (replace) by a new one.
(2)It is still under discussion whether or not the old bus station should be replaced a modern hotel.
(3)In my opinion, our old car is badly in need of (replace).
答案 (1)is replaced (2)by/with (3)replacement
知识点4 involve vt.使卷入;牵涉;包括;需要 *involved adj.复杂的;与……关系密切的 *involvement n.参与;介入;投入;沉迷
(P83)When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved. 当“挑战者号”航天飞机在1986年1月28日起飞时,全世界似乎已经不再对参与其中的航天员所取得的惊人成就感到惊叹了。
知识拓展
involve sb in sth 把某人牵扯到某事里
involve oneself with 和……混在一起;和……有密切联系
be involved in (doing) sth 专注于(做)某事;参与(做)某事
be/become/get involved in sth with sb 与某人在某方面有牵连
involve doing sth 涉及做某事
involve sb in doing sth 使某人做某事
经典佳句
Sadly,a serious accident involving a group of youths happened to him. Involved in the car accident,he had no alternative but to stay and wait for the policeman. 不幸的是,一起牵扯到一群年轻人的严重车祸发生在他身上。由于卷入车祸,他别无选择,只能留下来等警察。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to become more (involve).
(2)The main road through the city was blocked for three hours today after an accident (involve) two lorries.
(3)All who participated have gained a positive outcome from getting (involve).
答案 (1)involved (2)involving (3)involved
知识点5 assume v.假设;假定;认为;承担 *assumption n.假定;假设;设想
(P83)The world went into shock,most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了,大多数人都认为这次太空飞行会和坐飞机旅行一样安全。
知识拓展
assume sb/sth to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
assume that... 假设……;认为……
It is/was generally assumed that... 普遍认为……
on the assumption that... 假定……;假设……
assuming (that)... 假定……(作状语)
经典佳句
Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.咱们暂时假设计划成功。
We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.在他被证明有罪之前,我们必须假定他是无辜的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I hope to go to college next year,always (assume) that I pass my exams.
(2)We are working on the (assume)that everyone invited will turn up.
Ⅱ.句型转换
(3)People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.
→ what they do has little effect on the environment.(用it 作形式主语改写)
(4)If there was not the hard work of the dustman,what can you imagine our environment will be like
→ there was not the hard work of the dustman,what can you imagine our environment will be like (用 assuming 作连词改写)
答案 (1)assuming (2)assumption (3)It is assumed that (4)Assuming that
知识点6 scream v.(因伤痛、害怕、激动等)尖叫
(P84)The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming. “挑战者号”已在半空中爆炸了,我们都开始尖叫。
知识拓展
scream with laughter 尖声大笑
scream out for sth 亟须;亟待
let out a scream 发出尖叫声
经典佳句
He covered her mouth to stop her from screaming. 他捂上她的嘴,不让她叫出声来。
The kids were screaming with excitement. 孩子们兴奋地喊叫着。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Someone was screaming out help.
(2)These books scream out (include) in a list of favourites.
答案 (1)for (2)to be included
知识点7 suspend v.暂停;中止;悬挂
(P84)Following the shock of the Challenger disaster,space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated,and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned.在遭受了“挑战者号”灾难的冲击之后,航天飞机的飞行暂停了近三年,同时人们调查了这次灾难发生的原因,并对航天飞机的一些部件进行了重新设计。
知识拓展
suspend sb from sth (尤指因为违反纪律)暂令某人停止做某事
suspend sth from sth/by sth 将……悬挂在……
be suspended in sth 悬浮在……中
经典佳句
Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out. 在进行安全检查期间生产暂停。
Cancel or suspend is not allowed. 不允许“取消”或“中止”。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Her body was found suspended a rope.
(2)A lamp was suspended the ceiling.
(3)Julie was suspended her job shortly after the incident.
答案 (1)by (2)from (3)from
短 语 句 式
知识点8 become accustomed to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事
(P82)Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel. 自尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月20日首次登上月球以来,人们已经习惯了太空旅行的概念。
知识拓展
be accustomed to (doing) sth=be used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
accustom oneself/sb to (doing) sth 使某人习惯于(做)某事
经典佳句
Accustomed to getting up late in the morning,I spend a lot of time accustoming myself to the school's rules and regulations. 由于我习惯了早上很晚起床,我花了很多时间使自己习惯学校的规章制度。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Accustomed to (climb) the steep mountains,he had no difficulty reaching the top.
(2)His eyes became (accustom) to the dark after the brilliance of the sun outside.
(3)It took me a while to accustom (I) to all the new rules and regulations here.
答案 (1)climbing (2)accustomed (3)myself
知识点9 as引导时间状语从句
(P82)Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. 登月后,由于创新接踵而至,太空旅行对公众来说迅速变得司空见惯。
知识拓展
as作连词的用法:
(1)引导时间状语从句,意思是“当……的时候;一边……一边……;随着”
They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活,一边唱歌。
(2)引导原因状语从句,意思是“因为;既然”
As she wasn't ready in time, we went without her. 因为她没准备好,所以我们没等她就走了。
(3)引导让步状语从句,意思是“虽然;尽管”
Not clever as she is, she works very hard.(=Although/Though she is not clever, she works very hard.)她虽然不聪明,但很努力。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.(=Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot.)他虽然是个孩子,但知道很多事。
注意:as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序,其结构为“形容词/名词/副词/动词原形+as +主语……”; 名词提前时,去掉冠词。
(4)引导方式状语从句,意思是“如;像;按照”
Do in Rome as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive. 在警察到来之前,我们最好让现场保持原样。
融会应用 写出下列句子中as所引导的从句的类型
(1)Happy as they were, there was something missing.
(2)Leave the papers as they are.
(3)The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.
(4)As the small boat moved gently along the river,the mountains' being silently reflected in the water made him speechless.
(5)As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs.
(6)According to Professor Johnson, we don't have to read the book if we don't want to, as it is optional.
答案 (1)让步状语从句 (2)方式状语从句 (3)时间状语从句 (4)时间状语从句 (5)原因状语从句 (6)原因状语从句
知识点10 动词不定式作后置定语
(P83)She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit: the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked, and the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme.她计划在轨道上讲两节15分钟的课:第一节课演示航天器的控制,并解释重力是如何工作的,第二节课描述“挑战者号”计划的目标。
知识拓展
当名词前有first、only、last、next等序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,名词后常用动词不定式作定语。
He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.他总是第一个来,最后一个离开。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Armstrong is the first man (set) foot on the Moon.
(2)As we all know, Antarctica is the last continent (discover).
答案 (1)to set (2)to be discovered
知识点11 no+比较级+than
(P83)The world went into shock,most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了,大多数人都认为这次太空飞行会和坐飞机旅行一样安全。
知识拓展
句中的no more dangerous than“A+no +比较级+than+B”结构,表示“A和B都不……”。
(1)“no+比较级+than”结构表示该形容词或副词的相反含义,意思是“与……一样不……”,如no better than的意思相当于as bad as,no wiser than的意思相当于as stupid as,no richer than的意思相当于as poor as,no bigger than的意思相当于as small as。
(2)“not+比较级+than”结构表示“不比……怎么样”,如not better than...“不比……好”。
(3)比较级的其他用法:
①“the+比较级+of the two”结构表示“两者之中较……”。
②“定冠词+比较级+名词”结构表示比较。
③有少数以-ior结尾的形容词本身就有比较的意思,如inferior“较差的”、junior“地位低下的”、posterior“后面的”、prior“在前的”、senior“地位高的”、superior“较好的”等,常与to连用。
(4)形容词比较级可以被副词如much、even、still、far等修饰,但不可以用very修饰。
This one is the bigger of the two houses.这所房子是两所房子中较大的。
The taller boy is John.那个身高较高的男孩子是约翰。
This method is superior to that one.这种方法优于那种方法。
Life now is much better than it was twenty years ago.现在的生活比20年前好多了。
融会应用 翻译句子
(1)这本书不如那本书有趣。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)这本书和那本书一样令人不感兴趣。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)This book is not more interesting than that one. (2)This book is no more interesting than that one.
知识点12 there is no doubt that...
(P84)But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.但毫无疑问,载人飞行将继续下去。1988年9月29日,航天飞机计划随着“发现号”的成功发射而重新启动。
知识拓展
doubt既可以作名词,也可以作动词,在肯定句中,后面的名词性从句用whether、 if、 when、 what等连接;在疑问句、否定句中,后面的名词性从句用that连接。
There's no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问,我们的教育体制还有不足之处。
I doubt whether he'll come.=I have my doubt whether he'll come.我怀疑他是否会来。
I don't doubt that you will succeed.=I have no doubt that you will succeed. 我毫不怀疑你会成功。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)There is no doubt the sports meeting will be put off until next week.
(2)What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
答案 (1)that (2)whether
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He was endlessly kind and (patience) with children.
2.Whenever we have trouble with our studies,our teachers help us (patient).
3.His actions were based on a false (assume).
4. (assume) he's still alive,how old would he be now
5.This is its (notion) explanation:the condition of creditor's rights debt
6. (tragic), his wife was killed in a car accident.
7. (shadow) figures approached them out of the fog.
8.Both poets drew their (inspire) from the countryside.
9.The word “ (exceptional)” means uninteresting or usual.
答案 1.patient 2.patiently 3.assumption
4.Assuming 5.notional 6.Tragically 7.Shadowy
8.inspiration 9.unexceptional
Ⅱ.选词填空
on board; be sure of; ever since; be accustomed to; go wrong;
be aware of; turn into; cast a shadow on
1.The six astronauts will spend ten days in space.
2.The crisis in Europe's economy has our own.
3.England must win this game to qualifying for the World Cup.
4.They've been living there — eating your food, drinking your drink, giving wild parties.
5.It will not take you very long to the way we do it.
6.After my father died, I was very unhappy and things for me too.
7.As time went on, people came to the seriousness of China's population.
8.I think I have got to stop or I might a machine.
答案 1.on board 2.cast a shadow on 3.be sure of 4.ever since 5.be accustomed to 6.went wrong 7.be aware of 8.turn into
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.China has become land a spacecraft on the far side of the Moon.中国成为第一个将宇宙飞船送上月球背面的国家。
2. global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today.
毫无疑问,全球变暖已经成为我们今天面临的最大问题之一。
3.It took him a while to . 他过了一段时间才习惯这个想法。
4.She many extra-curricular activities. 她已参加了许多课外活动。
5.Before you that piece of cake, think about how your mood and food are linked.在你拿起那块蛋糕之前,想想你的情绪和食物是如何联系在一起的。
答案 1.the first country to 2.There is no doubt that 3.accustom himself to the idea 4.has been involved in 5.reach for
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot 1. the Moon back on 20 July 1969,people have become 2. (accustom) to the notion of space travel.All three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it 3. (safe) back to Earth,4. (use)a spaceship computer that was much less powerful 5. the ones used by today's average school students.By the time the Challenger took off in 1986,the world seemed to 6. (lose)its wonder at the 7. (amaze) achievements of people going up into space.But this was going to be a special flight and so 8. (million) of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. Sadly, the Challenger exploded in mid-air.It 9. (happen) so quickly and everyone was in a state of shock.In spite of all our advanced technology,the world is still only at 10. very beginning of its voyage into space.
答案 1.on 2.accustomed 3.safely 4.using
5.than 6.have lost 7.amazing 8.millions
9.happened 10.the
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2023·四省适应性考试)High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider (talk) at the same time a sign of engagement.
2.(2022·全国乙)Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow (replace) by mud over ice.
3.(2021·浙江1月)Today, in Australia, most children average fall 2,000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight.
4.(2021·全国甲)I have no doubt the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.
5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)When enough of these errors are (average) together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate.
答案 1.talking 2.was replaced 3.on 4.that 5.averaged
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