(共58张PPT)
Unit 6 Space and beyond
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
1.了解课文大意；培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，思维品质）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉关于太空探索的正反对比议论文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。
（语言能力，学习能力）
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 90-92 and match each part with its main idea.
A.The contributions to the night sky exploration.
B.The unexplored of the night sky.
C.The endless fascination of the night sky.
1.Para.1( )
2.Paras.2-4( )
3.Para.5( )
C
A
B
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 90-92 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why can humans see very little of the night sky in reality according to the
passage ( )
C
A.The night sky is far from us. B.The night sky is endless.
C.The night sky is beyond our power. D.We are lack of imagination.
2.What first led to the dramatic change in the investigation and understanding of
space ( )
A
A.The first telescope. B.The Hubble Space Telescope.
C.Radio telescope. D.The FAST telescope.
3.Why was the Hubble Space Telescope so meaningful to the exploration of the night
sky ( )
C
A.Humans could understand that the Sun was just one star in the Milky Way by it.
B.We could learn that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among others by it.
C.It provided all of us with the first beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.
D.It had the ability to explore regions of space billions of light years away.
4.What is mentioned about the “Eye of Heaven” according to the passage ( )
D
A.It has been angled at the night sky for a long time.
B.It is the first Earth-based telescope in history.
C.It was completed in 2018.
D.It is the largest and most powerful radio telescope.
核心单词
知识点1 engage v.吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用；聘用；与……建立密切关系；尽力理解；从事＊engagement n.订婚；约会；约定＊engaged adj.已订婚的；从事……的；忙于……的
（P92）To see even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged in
building ever more advanced telescopes. 为了更深入地观察宇宙，许多国家正致力于
制造出更先进的望远镜。
engage （oneself） in 从事
engage sb as 聘用某人为
engage sb in 使某人参加/从事
sb be engaged in sth 某人忙于某事
be engaged to sb 和某人订婚
知识拓展
They have engaged in trade for many years.他们经商已多年。
Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research， not applied research.
行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究，而非应用性研究。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He engaged my sister ___ his secretary.
（2）We engaged him ___ conversation.
（3）My daughter is engaged ___ a young teacher.
as
in
to
经典佳句
知识点2 compose v.组成；构成（一个整体）；作曲；创作（音乐）＊composer n.作曲家＊composed adj.镇静的；平静的＊composition n.成分；组合方式；作品；作文
（P92）The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”, as it is known, is being used in
the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to
ordinary telescopes. 众所周知,这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径的巨盘被用来寻找暗物质，
人们认为暗物质是由普通望远镜看不见的亚原子粒子组成的。
compose/write music 创作音乐
compose/write a song 写歌
compose a letter/poem/speech 写信/诗/演讲稿
be composed of...=be made up of...=consist of... 由……组成
a classical composer 一位古典音乐作曲家
revise a composition 修改作文
知识拓展
Though badly frightened, she remained outwardly composed. 她虽然非常害怕，但表面
上依然很镇静。
The manager asked the secretary to compose a report. 经理要求秘书写一个报告。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It's well-known that water is composed ___ hydrogen and oxygen.
（2）The machine is made up___ many different parts.
of
of
（3）The engineers at MIT have taken it a step further changing the actual
____________（compose） of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even
unusual functions.
composition
经典佳句
知识点3 fetch v.（去）请来；（去）拿来
（P94）A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are floating
around out-of-reach! 吸尘器也可以方便地抓取够不到的漂浮物！
fetch sb sth 替某人去取（拿）某物
fetch in 引进
fetch out 拿出；引出；使显出
fetch and carry for sb 为某人打杂/跑腿
知识拓展
The dog fetched the ball and returned it to his master. 狗把球衔回来给了主人。
The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water. 居民得走一英里路去取水。
经典佳句
bring、take、fetch和carry的用法辨析：
（1）bring表示“带来；拿来”，指从别的地方将某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地
点来（由远而近）。
（2）take与bring的意思相对，表示“带去；拿去”，指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带
走或拿走（由近而远）。
（3）fetch表示“去拿来；去取来”，指往返动作（由近而远，再由远而近）。
（4）carry指“随身携带”（如搬、提、拿、扛、抬、抱、背、带等），不具体说明来去
的方向，有时含有沉重或麻烦之意。
易混辨析
融会应用 用bring、take、fetch或carry填空
（1）Please ask Uncle Tom to ______ you here in August.
（2）The wounded men were _______ away.
（3）Can you ______ some more water for me
（4）Remember to _____ your books when you leave.
bring
carried
fetch
take
短语句式
知识点4 work out计算出；拟定出；锻炼身体；（如期）发生；进展（顺利）
（P91）Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the
universe，and discover the incredible fact that universe is expanding at an ever-
increasing speed. 不仅如此，它还帮助我们计算出宇宙的年龄和性质，并发现一个令人
难以置信的事实——宇宙正在以不断加快的速度延伸。
at work 在工作中
off work 在休假中;没去上班
out of work 失业
work against... 反对……；对……不利
work off 慢慢消除；发泄
work on 继续工作；从事
知识拓展
There is something wrong with my computer. I want my cousin to work out the problem.
我的计算机出问题了。我想要我堂弟帮我解决这个问题。
We found the way to work out this math problem by discussing it. 通过讨论，我们找到
了解开这道数学题的方法。
经典佳句
融会应用 写出下列句中work out的含义
（1）You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.________
（2）He used to work out in the morning every day.__________
（3）I hope that the new project will work out well.______________
（4）UN negotiators have worked out a set of compromise proposals.________
计算出
锻炼身体
进展（顺利）
拟定出
知识点5 it作形式主语
（P90）Soon, it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in
the galaxy we call the Milky Way. 很快人们就会明白，太阳只是我们称之为银河系的
数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。
it作形式主语的常见句式：
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is thought that... 人们认为……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is said that... 据说……
It is well-known that... 众所周知……
It is suggested that... 人们建议……
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）_____________ this medicine can alleviate pain. 据说,这种药物能够缓解疼痛。
（2）_________________ greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.人
们相信温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。
（3）_______________ you can learn a lesson from this accident.希望你能从这次事
故中吸取教训。
（4）_________________ the film is well received in China.据报道，该影片在中国广
受好评。
It is said that
It is believed that
It is hoped that
It is reported that
关于太空探索的正反对比议论文
本单元的写作任务是关于太空探索的正反对比议论文，在写关于这个话题的作文
时要注意以下几个方面：
1.首先要弄清楚讨论的问题，再确定自己的观点,并组织语言。确定了自己的观点
后,应该用简明扼要的语言将观点阐述清楚,然后再列出支持自己观点的理由。
2.在发表自己看法时,要用in my opinion、I believe、while等短语进行过渡；在陈
述理由时要使用表示层次顺序的词语或短语，如what's more、in addition 等,这些词或
者短语的正确使用会使文章显得很有条理。
3.太空探索意义的讨论要用一般现在时，人称一般是第三人称，发表个人看法时
可以用第一人称。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.explore v.探索；开发
2.communication n.通讯
3.resource n.资源
4.employ v.应用；使用
5.disadvantage n.缺点
6.universe n.宇宙
7.space technology 太空技术
8.make efforts 努力；奋发图强
9.space exploration 太空探索
10.too far away 太远
11.benefit a lot 受益颇多
12.weather forecast 天气预报
13.space experiments 太空实验
14.population problem 人口问题
15.energy shortage 能源短缺
16.international competition 国际竞争
17.space travel 太空旅游
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Different people have different ideas about space exploration.对于探索宇宙，不同的
人有不同的观点。
2.I hold the view that mankind should explore space.我认为人类应该探索宇宙。
3.Different people look at the question in different ways.不同的人对这个问题有不同
的看法。
4.60% of the people hold the view that exploring space will benefit us； on the
other hand, 40% think it wastes lots of time and money.百分之六十的人认为探索太
空对我们有益；另一方面，百分之四十的人认为它浪费了大量的时间和金钱。
5.On the other hand，the rest of the people are against the plan because it may
result in some bad effects.另一方面，其余的人反对这个计划，因为它可能会造成一些
不好的影响。
6.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enables us to understand how the
universe began but also helps us survive well into the future.我坚信，探索太空不但
能够使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且能够帮助我们更好地在未来生存下去。
7.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide
new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.为了给人类的
短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法，我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来
探索太空。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
随着世界太空技术的发展，人类的太空梦不再是梦。但是有人觉得耗费大量的人力
和财力来研究和开发太空资源不切实际，不如将这些人力和财力用来着重解决人类当前
面临的重大问题，如地球环境问题。请你根据以上情况写一篇议论文陈述你的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
（1）努力；奋发图强____________
（2）按照；对于____________
（3）从长远来看_______________
（4）用完；耗尽；用光_______
（5）就我而言；在我看来________________________
make efforts
according to
in the long run
use up
as far as I am concerned
2.翻译句子
（1）这些太空实验和探索花费了大量的钱。
_____________________________________________________________
These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money.
（2）相当多的人认为巨额资金本应用于保护自然环境和解决我们所面临的问题。
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Quite a number of people think that huge sums of money should have been used to protect the natural environment and solve the problems we are all facing.
（3）这可能是正确的。
__________________
（4）一些人认为从长远来看，人类将不得不转向其他行星。
__________________________________________________________________________
This might be true.
Some people think that in the long run, humans will have to turn to other planets.
（5）所有的资源都被用完了。
____________________________
All the resources are used up.
（6）此外，太空中使用的一些新技术可以用于我们的日常生活。
___________________________________________________________________________
________
Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life.
（7）这将为我们创造更好的生活。
_________________________________
This will create a better life for us.
Step 3 句式升级
1.将上题中的句（1）、句（2）合并成含有关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的
句子
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite
a number of people think, should have been used to protect the natural environment
and solve the problems we are all facing.
2.将上题中的句（3）、句（4）、句（5）合并成but引导的并列句，且含有when引导
的时间状语从句
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
This might be true, but I think in the long run, humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up.
3.将上题中的句（6）、句（7）合并成含有动词-ing形式作结果状语的句子
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________
Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life, creating a better life for us.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一
篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
Developing space technology:
worthwhile or not
With the development of space technology, human beings are making efforts to explore
further into space. Different people have different opinions on the topic.
These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a
number of people think, should have been used to protect the natural environment and solve
the problems we are all facing. On the other hand, some people think that in the long run,
humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up. Moreover,
some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life, creating a
better life for us.
As far as I am concerned, space technology development is sure to benefit all human
beings.
主题写作
假定你是李华，现在在中国空间站旅游。请你写一篇英文日记，介绍你的一天的生活。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Thursday May 2nd
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
I went to space and stayed at the China Space Station. Today, I saw many
planets in different forms: Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, the
earth and the moon. I couldn't help sighing, “It's so beautiful!”
After a while, I was thirsty, so I went back to the spacecraft and wanted to
drink water. The astronaut told me that because the water has lost weight in space,
we need to use a drinking bag with a straw to drink it. So the astronaut gave me a
drinking bag with a straw and let me drink water.
In the evening, I was about to take a bath, but the water from the nozzle was
always floating in the air. So the astronauts made the shower into a sealed bath
bucket, fixed my feet and took a bath.
How interesting life is in space! I'll go to space again!
1.The Chinese people are accustomed to putting up couplets on the gates to
welcome the New Year.中国人习惯在门口贴对联来迎接新年。
2.Besides, impressions of the after-reading should be submitted to the Students'
Union before the last day of the event.此外，读后感应在活动的最后一天之前提交给
学生会。
3.I swelled with pride when the world's biggest radio telescope was completed and
the grand Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was put into use.当世界上最大的射电望
远镜建成、宏伟的港珠澳大桥投入使用时，我感到无比自豪。
4.Set in the Tang Dynasty, it describes the tough journey of a monk, Xuanzang, to
fetch sutras from India with some animal spirits, including the Monkey King.故事发
生在唐朝，讲述了僧人玄奘带着包括美猴王在内的一些动物妖精去印度取经的艰难旅
程。
5.Thanks to the coming-of-age ceremony, I realize I have grown up and that I should
be self-disciplined and responsible for my behavior.多亏了成人礼，我意识到我已经长
大了，我应该自律，并对自己的行为负责。
《白鲸》是19世纪美国最著名的小说家之一赫尔曼·梅尔维尔于1851年发表的一篇
海洋题材的小说，小说描写了亚哈船长追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克，最终与白鲸同归于
尽的故事。
Moby Dick （Excerpt）
To make them run easily and swiftly，the axles of carriages are anointed①；and
for much the same purpose，some whalers perform an analogous operation upon their
boat； they grease the bottom. Nor is it to be doubted that as such a procedure can
do no harm，it may possibly be of no contemptible advantage；considering that oil
and water are hostile； that oil is a sliding thing， and that the object in view is to
make the boat slide bravely. Queequeg believed strongly in anointing his boat， and
one morning not long after the German ship Jungfrau disappeared，took more than
customary pains in that occupation；crawling under its bottom，where it hung over
the side，and rubbing in the unctuousness as though diligently seeking to insure a
crop of hair from the craft's bald keel②. He seemed to be working in obedience to
some particular presentiment③. Nor did it remain unwarranted by the event.
Towards noon whales were raised; but so soon as the ship sailed down to them,
they turned and fled with swift precipitancy; a disordered flight, as of Cleopatra's
barges from Actium. #b#
Nevertheless, the boats pursued, and Stubb's was foremost. By great exertion,
Tashtego at last succeeded in planting one iron; but the stricken whale, without at all
sounding, still continued his horizontal flight, with added fleetness. Such
unintermitted④ strainings upon the planted iron must sooner or later inevitably
extract it. It became imperative⑤ to lance the flying whale, or be content to lose
him. But to haul the boat up to his flank was impossible, he swam so fast and
furious. What then remained
Of all the wondrous devices and dexterities⑥，the sleights of hand and countless
subtleties，to which the veteran whaleman is so often forced，none exceed that fine
manoeuvre with the lance called pitchpoling.Small sword， or broad sword， in all
its exercises boasts nothing like it.It is only indispensable with an inveterate running
whale； its grand fact and feature is the wonderful distance to which the long lance
is accurately darted from a violently rocking， jerking boat， under extreme headway.
Steel and wood included，the entire spear is some ten or twelve feet in length； the
staff is much slighter than that of the harpoon， and also of a lighter material—
pine.It is furnished with a small rope called a warp， of considerable length， by
which it can be hauled back to the hand after darting.
But before going further，it is important to mention here，that though the
harpoon may be pitchpoled in the same way with the lance， yet it is seldom done；
and when done， is still less frequently successful，on account of the greater weight
and inferior length of the harpoon as compared with the lance， which in effect
become serious drawbacks. As a general thing， therefore，you must first get fast to
a whale， before any pitchpoling comes into play.
Look now at Stubb; a man who from his humorous, deliberate coolness and
equanimity⑦ in the direst emergencies, was specially qualified to excel in pitchpoling.
Look at him; he stands upright in the tossed bow of the flying boat; wrapt in fleecy
foam, the towing whale is forty feet ahead. Handling the long lance lightly, glancing
twice or thrice along its length to see if it be exactly straight, Stubb whistlingly
gathers up the coil of the warp in one hand, so as to secure its free end in his
grasp, leaving the rest unobstructed. Then holding the lance full before his waistband's
middle， he levels it at the whale；when， covering him with it， he steadily
depresses the butt-end in his hand，thereby elevating the point till the weapon stands
fairly balanced upon his palm，fifteen feet in the air.He minds you somewhat of a
juggler，balancing a long staff on his chin.Next moment with a rapid，nameless
impulse，in a superb lofty arch the bright steel spans the foaming distance，and
quivers in the life spot of the whale. Instead of sparkling water, he now spouts red
blood.
《白鲸》（节选）
为了使车轴转得又滑又快，就得给车厢的车轴加油；有些捕鲸人为了一样的目的，
也对他们的小艇使用类似的办法；他们给艇底擦油。这种操作，毋庸置疑，是有益无
损，而且还可以说是毫无害处的；因为油与水本来就是不能相容的；油是滑溜溜的东
西，这种做法的目的是要使得小艇行驶如飞。魁魁格就非常相信给他的小艇擦油这事
情。那艘德国船“少女号”消失后不久，有一天早晨，他比平常更为用劲地给小艇擦
油，那艘小艇吊在舷侧，他趴在艇底下，拼命擦呀擦的，仿佛在想方设法保证这艘小
艇的光秃秃的龙骨，长出一簇头发来。他好像是听凭一阵预感的支配在擦着，而且预
感就是事实那样。
中午时分，又发现大鲸了。可是，船一驶过去，它们却又慌忙掉了头，迅速逃走
了。鲸群乱七八糟，像是从亚克兴来的克莉奥佩屈拉那些驳船。
然而，几艘小艇还是继续追逐下去，由斯塔布的小艇打前锋。费了很大的劲，塔
斯蒂哥终于击中了一枪，可是，那条被击中的鲸，却没完全沉下去，还继续横游过去，
只是速度加快了一点。这样连续不断地狂奔，那支插在它身上的枪头，一定迟早会给
挤出来。于是，只好对这条如飞的大鲸再补上一枪，否则只好任它逃脱。可是，又无
法把小艇划到它身边去，它游得那么快那么急。那么，该怎么办呢？
在老捕鲸手往往不得不使用的一切奇计妙策、娴熟的手法与无数灵巧的办法中，
莫过于巧妙地使用那种叫作投杆的捕鲸枪了。小剑或者大剑，使用起来总不及这种东
西。对付一只让人又气又恨的拼命狂奔的鲸，非得仰仗它不可，它的主要特色，就是
能够从一只高速前进的、急腾急跳的小艇上，在极远的距离内一枪中的。这东西是用
钢和木头做成的，整支枪约有十英尺或者十二英尺长，握柄比标枪的柄子轻一点，也
是用较轻的木料——松木做成的。它系有一根叫做纤的细绳子，相当长，有了这样的
绳子，枪投出去后，又能收得回来。
在这里，得先说明一下后，再说下去，那就是，标枪虽然也可以像捕鲸枪一样投
出去，然而，人们却不大使用它，即使偶尔使用了，也还是不太会一枪中的，因为跟
捕鲸枪比起来，标枪很重，又不够长，实际上反而会成为严重的阻碍。因此，一般说
来，一定要先拴住一条鲸，这才可以投出捕鲸枪。
现在请瞧斯塔布吧，像他这样在最危急关头而能诙谐百出、胸有成竹、泰然镇定
的人，是特别适宜于投杆而胜人一筹的。瞧他！他站在那艘如飞的小艇的摇摆不定的
船头上，腰板笔直，四下尽是毛绒似的泡沫，那条拖着绳索的鲸就在前面四十英尺的
地方。他轻轻地抓起那支长长的捕鲸枪，眼睛瞥了枪身两三下，看它是否笔直，飒飒
地把一卷纤子收拢在手里，以便抓住纤头，不跟整条纤子缠在一起。于是，他把那支
长长的捕鲸枪拎在他的腰际，瞄向大鲸，等到完全把它瞄准了，他便从容地压着他手
里的长柄，使那枪头翘起，翘得那件武器简直是竖托在他掌心上有十五英尺高。他叫
人想起一个变戏法的人，把一根长棒托在下巴上。不一会，快得无法形容地一推，那
支灿亮的铁器就高高地弓成拱形，射到那泡沫四起的远方，刹地击中了大鲸的要害。
它现在喷出来的已经不是闪亮起泡的水，而是鲜红的血了。
①anoint v.涂油；抹油
②keel n.（船的）龙骨
③presentiment n.（对不祥事物的）预感
④unintermitted adj.不间断的；连续的
⑤imperative adj.重要紧急的；迫切的
⑥dexterity n.灵巧；熟练
⑦equanimity n.平静；镇静；坦然
《白鲸》之角色解读
白鲸莫比·迪克充当着自然界的酋长，自命为自然的守护神，因而船长亚哈和白鲸
的冲突不可避免。最终亚哈和莫比·迪克同归于尽了。人类和自然谁也征服不了谁，他
们就像是地球的两个极一样，互为依靠，互为补充，维持着世界的运转。人类如何面
对自然，是人类所永久面临的一个话题，是人类能否保持自身的一个关键。Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
【学习目标】
1.了解课文大意;培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,思维品质)
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过阅读熟悉关于太空探索的正反对比议论文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 90-92 and match each part with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Paras.2-4
( )3.Para.5
A.The contributions to the night sky exploration.
B.The unexplored of the night sky.
C.The endless fascination of the night sky.
答案 1~3 CAB
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 90-92 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why can humans see very little of the night sky in reality according to the passage
A.The night sky is far from us.
B.The night sky is endless.
C.The night sky is beyond our power.
D.We are lack of imagination.
2.What first led to the dramatic change in the investigation and understanding of space
A.The first telescope.
B.The Hubble Space Telescope.
C.Radio telescope.
D.The FAST telescope.
3.Why was the Hubble Space Telescope so meaningful to the exploration of the night sky
A.Humans could understand that the Sun was just one star in the Milky Way by it.
B.We could learn that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among others by it.
C.It provided all of us with the first beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.
D.It had the ability to explore regions of space billions of light years away.
4.What is mentioned about the “Eye of Heaven” according to the passage
A.It has been angled at the night sky for a long time.
B.It is the first Earth-based telescope in history.
C.It was completed in 2018.
D.It is the largest and most powerful radio telescope.
答案 1~4 CACD
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 engage v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇用;聘用;与……建立密切关系;尽力理解;从事 *engagement n.订婚;约会;约定 *engaged adj.已订婚的;从事……的;忙于……的
(P92)To see even further into the universe,many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes. 为了更深入地观察宇宙,许多国家正致力于制造出更先进的望远镜。
知识拓展
engage (oneself) in 从事
engage sb as 聘用某人为
engage sb in 使某人参加/从事
sb be engaged in sth 某人忙于某事
be engaged to sb 和某人订婚
经典佳句
They have engaged in trade for many years.他们经商已多年。
Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research, not applied research. 行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究,而非应用性研究。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)He engaged my sister his secretary.
(2)We engaged him conversation.
(3)My daughter is engaged a young teacher.
答案 (1)as (2)in (3)to
知识点2 compose v.组成;构成(一个整体);作曲;创作(音乐) *composer n.作曲家 *composed adj.镇静的;平静的 *composition n.成分;组合方式;作品;作文
(P92)The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”, as it is known, is being used in the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes. 众所周知,这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径的巨盘被用来寻找暗物质,人们认为暗物质是由普通望远镜看不见的亚原子粒子组成的。
知识拓展
compose/write music 创作音乐
compose/write a song 写歌
compose a letter/poem/speech 写信/诗/演讲稿
be composed of...=be made up of...=consist of... 由……组成
a classical composer 一位古典音乐作曲家
revise a composition 修改作文
经典佳句
Though badly frightened, she remained outwardly composed. 她虽然非常害怕,但表面上依然很镇静。
The manager asked the secretary to compose a report. 经理要求秘书写一个报告。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)It's well-known that water is composed hydrogen and oxygen.
(2)The machine is made up many different parts.
(3)The engineers at MIT have taken it a step further changing the actual (compose) of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions.
答案 (1)of (2)of (3)composition
知识点3 fetch v.(去)请来;(去)拿来
(P94)A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are floating around out-of-reach! 吸尘器也可以方便地抓取够不到的漂浮物!
知识拓展
fetch sb sth 替某人去取(拿)某物
fetch in 引进
fetch out 拿出;引出;使显出
fetch and carry for sb 为某人打杂/跑腿
经典佳句
The dog fetched the ball and returned it to his master. 狗把球衔回来给了主人。
The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water. 居民得走一英里路去取水。
易混辨析
bring、take、fetch和carry的用法辨析:
(1)bring表示“带来;拿来”,指从别的地方将某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来(由远而近)。
(2)take与bring的意思相对,表示“带去;拿去”,指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走或拿走(由近而远)。
(3)fetch表示“去拿来;去取来”,指往返动作(由近而远,再由远而近)。
(4)carry指“随身携带”(如搬、提、拿、扛、抬、抱、背、带等),不具体说明来去的方向,有时含有沉重或麻烦之意。
融会应用 用bring、take、fetch或carry填空
(1)Please ask Uncle Tom to you here in August.
(2)The wounded men were away.
(3)Can you some more water for me
(4)Remember to your books when you leave.
答案 (1)bring (2)carried (3)fetch (4)take
短 语 句 式
知识点4 work out计算出;拟定出;锻炼身体;(如期)发生;进展(顺利)
(P91)Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe,and discover the incredible fact that universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed. 不仅如此,它还帮助我们计算出宇宙的年龄和性质,并发现一个令人难以置信的事实——宇宙正在以不断加快的速度延伸。
知识拓展
at work 在工作中
off work 在休假中;没去上班
out of work 失业
work against... 反对……;对……不利
work off 慢慢消除;发泄
work on 继续工作;从事
经典佳句
There is something wrong with my computer. I want my cousin to work out the problem. 我的计算机出问题了。我想要我堂弟帮我解决这个问题。
We found the way to work out this math problem by discussing it. 通过讨论,我们找到了解开这道数学题的方法。
融会应用 写出下列句中work out的含义
(1)You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.
(2)He used to work out in the morning every day.
(3)I hope that the new project will work out well.
(4)UN negotiators have worked out a set of compromise proposals.
答案 (1)计算出 (2)锻炼身体 (3)进展(顺利) (4)拟定出
知识点5 it作形式主语
(P90)Soon, it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way. 很快人们就会明白,太阳只是我们称之为银河系的数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。
知识拓展
it作形式主语的常见句式:
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is thought that... 人们认为……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is said that... 据说……
It is well-known that... 众所周知……
It is suggested that... 人们建议……
融会应用 单句写作
(1) this medicine can alleviate pain. 据说,这种药物能够缓解疼痛。
(2) greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.人们相信温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。
(3) you can learn a lesson from this accident.希望你能从这次事故中吸取教训。
(4) the film is well received in China.据报道,该影片在中国广受好评。
答案 (1)It is said that (2)It is believed that
(3)It is hoped that (4)It is reported that
写作探究
关于太空探索的正反对比议论文
本单元的写作任务是关于太空探索的正反对比议论文,在写关于这个话题的作文时要注意以下几个方面:
1.首先要弄清楚讨论的问题,再确定自己的观点,并组织语言。确定了自己的观点后,应该用简明扼要的语言将观点阐述清楚,然后再列出支持自己观点的理由。
2.在发表自己看法时,要用in my opinion、I believe、while等短语进行过渡;在陈述理由时要使用表示层次顺序的词语或短语,如what's more、in addition 等,这些词或者短语的正确使用会使文章显得很有条理。
3.太空探索意义的讨论要用一般现在时,人称一般是第三人称,发表个人看法时可以用第一人称。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.explore v.探索;开发
2.communication n.通讯
3.resource n.资源
4.employ v.应用;使用
5.disadvantage n.缺点
6.universe n.宇宙
7.space technology太空技术
8.make efforts 努力;奋发图强
9.space exploration太空探索
10.too far away 太远
11.benefit a lot 受益颇多
12.weather forecast 天气预报
13.space experiments太空实验
14.population problem 人口问题
15.energy shortage 能源短缺
16.international competition国际竞争
17.space travel 太空旅游
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Different people have different ideas about space exploration.对于探索宇宙,不同的人有不同的观点。
2.I hold the view that mankind should explore space.我认为人类应该探索宇宙。
3.Different people look at the question in different ways.不同的人对这个问题有不同的看法。
4.60% of the people hold the view that exploring space will benefit us; on the other hand, 40% think it wastes lots of time and money.百分之六十的人认为探索太空对我们有益;另一方面,百分之四十的人认为它浪费了大量的时间和金钱。
5.On the other hand,the rest of the people are against the plan because it may result in some bad effects.另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会造成一些不好的影响。
6.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enables us to understand how the universe began but also helps us survive well into the future.我坚信,探索太空不但能够使我们了解宇宙的起源,而且能够帮助我们更好地在未来生存下去。
7.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
随着世界太空技术的发展,人类的太空梦不再是梦。但是有人觉得耗费大量的人力和财力来研究和开发太空资源不切实际,不如将这些人力和财力用来着重解决人类当前面临的重大问题,如地球环境问题。请你根据以上情况写一篇议论文陈述你的看法。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
(1)努力;奋发图强
(2)按照;对于
(3)从长远来看
(4)用完;耗尽;用光
(5)就我而言;在我看来
答案 (1)make efforts (2)according to (3)in the long run (4)use up (5)as far as I am concerned
2.翻译句子
(1)这些太空实验和探索花费了大量的钱。
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(2)相当多的人认为巨额资金本应用于保护自然环境和解决我们所面临的问题。
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(3)这可能是正确的。
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(4)一些人认为从长远来看,人类将不得不转向其他行星。
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(5)所有的资源都被用完了。
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(6)此外,太空中使用的一些新技术可以用于我们的日常生活。
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(7)这将为我们创造更好的生活。
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答案
(1)These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money.
(2)Quite a number of people think that huge sums of money should have been used to protect the natural environment and solve the problems we are all facing.
(3)This might be true.
(4)Some people think that in the long run, humans will have to turn to other planets.
(5)All the resources are used up.
(6)Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life.
(7)This will create a better life for us.
Step 3 句式升级
1.将上题中的句(1)、句(2)合并成含有关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句的句子
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2.将上题中的句(3)、句(4)、句(5)合并成but引导的并列句,且含有when引导的时间状语从句
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3.将上题中的句(6)、句(7)合并成含有动词-ing形式作结果状语的句子
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答案
1.These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a number of people think, should have been used to protect the natural environment and solve the problems we are all facing.
2.This might be true, but I think in the long run, humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up.
3.Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life, creating a better life for us.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
Developing space technology:
worthwhile or not
With the development of space technology, human beings are making efforts to explore further into space. Different people have different opinions on the topic.
These space experiments and explorations cost huge sums of money, which, quite a number of people think, should have been used to protect the natural environment and solve the problems we are all facing. On the other hand, some people think that in the long run, humans will have to turn to other planets when all the resources are used up. Moreover, some of the new technologies employed in space could be used in our daily life, creating a better life for us.
As far as I am concerned, space technology development is sure to benefit all human beings.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
主题写作
假定你是李华,现在在中国空间站旅游。请你写一篇英文日记,介绍你的一天的生活。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Thursday May 2nd
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参考范文
Thursday May 2nd
I went to space and stayed at the China Space Station. Today, I saw many planets in different forms: Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, the earth and the moon. I couldn't help sighing, “It's so beautiful!”
After a while, I was thirsty, so I went back to the spacecraft and wanted to drink water. The astronaut told me that because the water has lost weight in space, we need to use a drinking bag with a straw to drink it. So the astronaut gave me a drinking bag with a straw and let me drink water.
In the evening, I was about to take a bath, but the water from the nozzle was always floating in the air. So the astronauts made the shower into a sealed bath bucket, fixed my feet and took a bath.
How interesting life is in space! I'll go to space again!
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.The Chinese people are accustomed to putting up couplets on the gates to welcome the New Year.中国人习惯在门口贴对联来迎接新年。
2.Besides, impressions of the after-reading should be submitted to the Students' Union before the last day of the event.此外,读后感应在活动的最后一天之前提交给学生会。
3.I swelled with pride when the world's biggest radio telescope was completed and the grand Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was put into use.当世界上最大的射电望远镜建成、宏伟的港珠澳大桥投入使用时,我感到无比自豪。
4.Set in the Tang Dynasty, it describes the tough journey of a monk, Xuanzang, to fetch sutras from India with some animal spirits, including the Monkey King.故事发生在唐朝,讲述了僧人玄奘带着包括美猴王在内的一些动物妖精去印度取经的艰难旅程。
5.Thanks to the coming-of-age ceremony, I realize I have grown up and that I should be self-disciplined and responsible for my behavior.多亏了成人礼,我意识到我已经长大了,我应该自律,并对自己的行为负责。
英美文化
美篇导读
《白鲸》是19世纪美国最著名的小说家之一赫尔曼·梅尔维尔于1851年发表的一篇海洋题材的小说,小说描写了亚哈船长追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克,最终与白鲸同归于尽的故事。
美篇呈现
Moby Dick (Excerpt)
To make them run easily and swiftly,the axles of carriages are anointed①;and for much the same purpose,some whalers perform an analogous operation upon their boat; they grease the bottom. Nor is it to be doubted that as such a procedure can do no harm,it may possibly be of no contemptible advantage;considering that oil and water are hostile; that oil is a sliding thing, and that the object in view is to make the boat slide bravely. Queequeg believed strongly in anointing his boat, and one morning not long after the German ship Jungfrau disappeared,took more than customary pains in that occupation;crawling under its bottom,where it hung over the side,and rubbing in the unctuousness as though diligently seeking to insure a crop of hair from the craft's bald keel②. He seemed to be working in obedience to some particular presentiment③. Nor did it remain unwarranted by the event.
Towards noon whales were raised; but so soon as the ship sailed down to them, they turned and fled with swift precipitancy; a disordered flight, as of Cleopatra's barges from Actium.
Nevertheless, the boats pursued, and Stubb's was foremost. By great exertion, Tashtego at last succeeded in planting one iron; but the stricken whale, without at all sounding, still continued his horizontal flight, with added fleetness. Such unintermitted④ strainings upon the planted iron must sooner or later inevitably extract it. It became imperative⑤ to lance the flying whale, or be content to lose him. But to haul the boat up to his flank was impossible, he swam so fast and furious. What then remained
Of all the wondrous devices and dexterities⑥,the sleights of hand and countless subtleties,to which the veteran whaleman is so often forced,none exceed that fine manoeuvre with the lance called pitchpoling.Small sword, or broad sword, in all its exercises boasts nothing like it.It is only indispensable with an inveterate running whale; its grand fact and feature is the wonderful distance to which the long lance is accurately darted from a violently rocking, jerking boat, under extreme headway. Steel and wood included,the entire spear is some ten or twelve feet in length; the staff is much slighter than that of the harpoon, and also of a lighter material—pine.It is furnished with a small rope called a warp, of considerable length, by which it can be hauled back to the hand after darting.
But before going further,it is important to mention here,that though the harpoon may be pitchpoled in the same way with the lance, yet it is seldom done;and when done, is still less frequently successful,on account of the greater weight and inferior length of the harpoon as compared with the lance, which in effect become serious drawbacks. As a general thing, therefore,you must first get fast to a whale, before any pitchpoling comes into play.
Look now at Stubb; a man who from his humorous, deliberate coolness and equanimity⑦ in the direst emergencies, was specially qualified to excel in pitchpoling. Look at him; he stands upright in the tossed bow of the flying boat; wrapt in fleecy foam, the towing whale is forty feet ahead. Handling the long lance lightly, glancing twice or thrice along its length to see if it be exactly straight, Stubb whistlingly gathers up the coil of the warp in one hand, so as to secure its free end in his grasp, leaving the rest unobstructed. Then holding the lance full before his waistband's middle, he levels it at the whale;when, covering him with it, he steadily depresses the butt-end in his hand,thereby elevating the point till the weapon stands fairly balanced upon his palm,fifteen feet in the air.He minds you somewhat of a juggler,balancing a long staff on his chin.Next moment with a rapid,nameless impulse,in a superb lofty arch the bright steel spans the foaming distance,and quivers in the life spot of the whale. Instead of sparkling water, he now spouts red blood.
《白鲸》(节选)
为了使车轴转得又滑又快,就得给车厢的车轴加油;有些捕鲸人为了一样的目的,也对他们的小艇使用类似的办法;他们给艇底擦油。这种操作,毋庸置疑,是有益无损,而且还可以说是毫无害处的;因为油与水本来就是不能相容的;油是滑溜溜的东西,这种做法的目的是要使得小艇行驶如飞。魁魁格就非常相信给他的小艇擦油这事情。那艘德国船“少女号”消失后不久,有一天早晨,他比平常更为用劲地给小艇擦油,那艘小艇吊在舷侧,他趴在艇底下,拼命擦呀擦的,仿佛在想方设法保证这艘小艇的光秃秃的龙骨,长出一簇头发来。他好像是听凭一阵预感的支配在擦着,而且预感就是事实那样。
中午时分,又发现大鲸了。可是,船一驶过去,它们却又慌忙掉了头,迅速逃走了。鲸群乱七八糟,像是从亚克兴来的克莉奥佩屈拉那些驳船。
然而,几艘小艇还是继续追逐下去,由斯塔布的小艇打前锋。费了很大的劲,塔斯蒂哥终于击中了一枪,可是,那条被击中的鲸,却没完全沉下去,还继续横游过去,只是速度加快了一点。这样连续不断地狂奔,那支插在它身上的枪头,一定迟早会给挤出来。于是,只好对这条如飞的大鲸再补上一枪,否则只好任它逃脱。可是,又无法把小艇划到它身边去,它游得那么快那么急。那么,该怎么办呢
在老捕鲸手往往不得不使用的一切奇计妙策、娴熟的手法与无数灵巧的办法中,莫过于巧妙地使用那种叫作投杆的捕鲸枪了。小剑或者大剑,使用起来总不及这种东西。对付一只让人又气又恨的拼命狂奔的鲸,非得仰仗它不可,它的主要特色,就是能够从一只高速前进的、急腾急跳的小艇上,在极远的距离内一枪中的。这东西是用钢和木头做成的,整支枪约有十英尺或者十二英尺长,握柄比标枪的柄子轻一点,也是用较轻的木料——松木做成的。它系有一根叫做纤的细绳子,相当长,有了这样的绳子,枪投出去后,又能收得回来。
在这里,得先说明一下后,再说下去,那就是,标枪虽然也可以像捕鲸枪一样投出去,然而,人们却不大使用它,即使偶尔使用了,也还是不太会一枪中的,因为跟捕鲸枪比起来,标枪很重,又不够长,实际上反而会成为严重的阻碍。因此,一般说来,一定要先拴住一条鲸,这才可以投出捕鲸枪。
现在请瞧斯塔布吧,像他这样在最危急关头而能诙谐百出、胸有成竹、泰然镇定的人,是特别适宜于投杆而胜人一筹的。瞧他!他站在那艘如飞的小艇的摇摆不定的船头上,腰板笔直,四下尽是毛绒似的泡沫,那条拖着绳索的鲸就在前面四十英尺的地方。他轻轻地抓起那支长长的捕鲸枪,眼睛瞥了枪身两三下,看它是否笔直,飒飒地把一卷纤子收拢在手里,以便抓住纤头,不跟整条纤子缠在一起。于是,他把那支长长的捕鲸枪拎在他的腰际,瞄向大鲸,等到完全把它瞄准了,他便从容地压着他手里的长柄,使那枪头翘起,翘得那件武器简直是竖托在他掌心上有十五英尺高。他叫人想起一个变戏法的人,把一根长棒托在下巴上。不一会,快得无法形容地一推,那支灿亮的铁器就高高地弓成拱形,射到那泡沫四起的远方,刹地击中了大鲸的要害。它现在喷出来的已经不是闪亮起泡的水,而是鲜红的血了。
知识积累
①anoint v.涂油;抹油
②keel n.(船的)龙骨
③presentiment n.(对不祥事物的)预感
④unintermitted adj.不间断的;连续的
⑤imperative adj.重要紧急的;迫切的
⑥dexterity n.灵巧;熟练
⑦equanimity n.平静;镇静;坦然
素养链接
《白鲸》之角色解读
白鲸莫比·迪克充当着自然界的酋长,自命为自然的守护神,因而船长亚哈和白鲸的冲突不可避免。最终亚哈和莫比·迪克同归于尽了。人类和自然谁也征服不了谁,他们就像是地球的两个极一样,互为依靠,互为补充,维持着世界的运转。人类如何面对自然,是人类所永久面临的一个话题,是人类能否保持自身的一个关键。
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