新概念英语第二册Lesson 21单词讲解

新概念二Lesson 21
Words:
1.mad adj. 发疯: sb. is mad
“为…而疯狂(着迷)”: be mad about... be crazy about...
e.g. I'm mad about English.
reason n. 原因; v.推理，思考；向...解释
for this reason由于这个理由、原因；for some reason 因为某种原因
for no reason 无缘无故； for personal reasons 因为个人原因
e.g. For this reason,I was late.
reason with 跟...讲道理，以理规劝...
e.g.I tried to reason with him, but he refused to listen.
as+句子：由于……; because+句子：由于……
sum n. 量 (sums);v.总计，总结：sum up 总结，归纳
a sum of+不可数名词：一笔…; the sum of... ...的总和
a large/small sum of 一大/小笔...
an mount of +不可数：一大笔
e.g. a large sum of money：一大笔钱
a great many /a great number of+可数名词复数
plenty of.. 够多的...; in sum 总之；
determined adj.坚定的，下决心的;
a determined look 一副坚决的表情
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事
make determined efforts 作出坚持不懈的努力
make up one's mind下定决心
decide to do sth. / make a decision to do sth. 决定做……
determine v.下定决心，决定，确定
determine to do sth. 下定决心做...
课文解释：
1.mad or not = mad or not mad
or not “是还不是”
drive sb.mad 逼某人发疯：You are driving me mad.
passing planes 过往飞机；经过的，路过的，过往的；
passing现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes
e.g.He forgot the man with passing time. 随着时间的消逝...
sleeping baby; waiting car 正在等待的车；
years ago = many years ago许多年前；years表许多年，前
不加具体的数词，类似表示还有day,week,month等。
e.g. I have not seen him for weeks.
5. some +不可数名词/可数名词复数： 一些......
some + 可数名词单数：某一......
Let’s talk about it some other day/some other time.改日谈。
6.however 然而(用于句首，句中，用逗号隔开)
7. use n. 使用；
come into use 启用，开始被使用（主动概念，无被动式）
e.g. When did the train come into use
The road came into use last month.
be used 被使用(被动)
one of ... ...之一(+名词复数)
e.g.One of the girls standing there is Tim’s sister.
You can take one of these bags.
left被留下来, leave过去分词, left作定语放在被修饰词后面
left剩下的东西= who are left
e.g. I have a bag left.
9. 双宾语被动语态中，主语有两种可能：
give sb. sth. -----被动：sb.be given sth.
give sth. to sb. -----被动：sth.be given to sb.
双宾语在变被动时离动词最近的宾语做主语
10.被动语态可以和大部分情态动词连用(will 和 would)
e.g. He may have been told the news.
The shops must have been closed now.
动词+宾语+不定式，既可以动词用被动语态，也可以在不定式中用被动语态
Mary was told to meet us.= They told Mary meet us.
Sam was given a gold watch.=A gold watch was given to Sam.
Drive 的用法
① v.开车，驾驶(drove, driven, driving)
drive to... 开车去往某地
e.g. I drove to Beijing yesterday
② vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶(猎物、敌人等)
drive sb. away from把某人赶走
drive sb. out of把某人赶出去
e.g. During the war, people were driven out of their homes.
drive sb. back撵回去
e.g. Our army drove the enemy back.
③ vt. 逼迫，迫使: drive sb. mad 逼疯
e.g. The death of all her children has driven her mad.
12. Home and House
home：n. & adv. 家，家庭，家园(着重指所居住的人，常有爱、温暖、舒适、安全等隐含意义, 带有感彩)
e.g. I have a sweet home.
house : n.房子，房屋，住宅(指建筑物)
Tom must be somewhere in the house.