【云南省】阅读理解 2023--2024年中考一模真题分类汇编（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【云南省】阅读理解 2023--2024年中考一模真题分类汇编（含解析）
（2024·云南昆明·一模）“Hello everyone, my name is Zhang Jianna. I’m a city cleaner from Chaoyang Sanitation (环卫中心)…”
Recently, a video of Zhang became popular online. Many people were shocked at her fluent (流利的) English and wondered how she had such great English skills. Actually, behind this is a long journey of persistence (坚持).
Zhang comes from a village in Hebei Province. In 2012, she got the job as a sanitation worker in Chaoyang District, Beijing. One day, she met a foreigner. The foreigner spoke a lot of unfamiliar (陌生的) words to her. She didn’t know what to do because she couldn’t understand what the foreigner said. Soon, the foreigner found that Zhang didn’t understand his words. So, he pointed to the street and gave her a thumbs-up while saying, “Good, good!” Zhang suddenly realized that the foreigner was cheering her for keeping the street clean, but she couldn’t say anything to express herself.
This unusual experience touched Zhang, and she made up her mind to learn English. Then, Zhang found her children’s textbooks and started her learning journey. However, learning English at an older age was difficult. Zhang would easily forget the words she learned. But she didn’t flinch from facing up to the challenge. She used all her free time to learn and memorize the words over and over again. Finally, her hard work paid off. So far, she has learned around 3,000 English words and has been able to communicate fluently with foreigners. Zhang said, “Persistence is the key to learning English. Learn step by step and learn every day.”
Now, Zhang’s amazing journey leads to a new goal. She says she wants to introduce her hometown in English to draw more tourists one day.
1．Zhang decided to learn English to ______.
A．have a better job B．get more attention online
C．communicate with foreigners D．win more praise from foreigners
2．How did Zhang start to learn English
A．By making word cards. B．By talking with foreigners.
C．By taking night school lessons. D．By using her children’s textbooks.
3．What does the underlined word “flinch” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese
A．畏惧 B．进取 C．克服 D．抉择
4．What does Zhang plan to do in the future
A．To set up a school in her hometown.
B．To introduce her hometown in English.
C．To be an English teacher in her hometown.
D．To help more people get jobs in her hometown.
5．Which of the following can best describe Zhang’s story
A．Family is the best gift.
B．Persistence is the key to success.
C．True friends are always together in spirit.
D．Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.
（2023·云南曲靖·一模）Many of us don’t pay attention to the importance of eye care. It’s said that if you take care of your body, then you can be healthy. 6 Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.
There are several causes leading to poor eye sight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (年龄增长). 7
If you happen to work in front of the computer, it is best to take a rest every once in a while. Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. 8 If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays (紫外线).
9 Remember that vitamins (维生素) A、C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because exercise protects your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly (规律地) and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
10 Always being happy can be helpful to a person’s eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
A．It’s good for you eyes, too.
B．It’s bad for your eyes, too.
C．That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care.
D．Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight.
E．All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes.
F．The following are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes.
G．Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight.
（2023·云南玉溪·一模）Soon a computer and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes!
The program can work because everyone’s eyes are different. So in the future you won’t have to remember a long code when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank. You just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are.
The eye-recognition (眼睛识别) program is being tested in some shops and banks. Soon this technology will change all the other ways of recognition.
We have already had machines that can tell who you are from your voice or the mark made by your fingers. Scientists are working on other systems (系统). Machines will soon be able to know you from the shape of your face or hands or even your smell!
But eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don’t change as you get older, or get dirty like hands or fingers. And even twins have different eyes, so the program can be up to 94% correct, depending on how good the technology is. In Britain it was found that 91% of the people who had tried it said that they liked the idea of eye-recognition.
In the future your computer will be looking at you in the eyes. So smile!
11．Where is the eye-recognition program being used in a few countries
A．In shops and banks. B．In shops and schools.
C．In banks and schools. D．In schools and hospitals.
12．How does the eye-recognition program work
A．You look at the machine and type a number.
B．You look at the machine.
C．The machine looks at your face.
D．You need to speak and then look.
13．The underlined word “code” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．密码 B．字母 C．卡片 D．数字
14．Which one isn’t the advantages of the eye-recognition program
A．Your eyes don’t change as you get older.
B．Eyes don’t get dirty like hands or fingers.
C．We can’t see anything without eyes.
D．Everyone’s eyes are different, even twins have different eyes.
15．What can we know about the eye recognition program
A．Some eyes are the same. B．Eyes can change.
C．Eyes can get dirty like hands. D．It is not always correct.
（2023·云南昭通·一模）Would you try food made of rubbish When world leaders got together at the UN for a meeting on climate (气候) change, they had a special lunch. The food was made from something that most of us would throw away. There was a salad made of vegetable scraps (剩菜叶). The leaders also had hamburgers made of fruit left over from juicing.
The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change. Most people don’t even realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes they cook too much or they don’t use it in time. Every year more than one-third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste, according to the UN. The figures (数字) for food waste are staggering. We must stop the waste now.
Think about a bag of cheese. Before we buy it at the store, people have to raise the cows, deal with the milk, and drive to the shop to sell the cheese. If you throw the cheese away, you have wasted energy, fuel (燃料) and water, which give out greenhouse gases that add to global warming.
The UN said if we stop throwing good food away, we could save $300 billion from wasted food and cut down up to 17 million tons of CO2. The good of that would be the same as taking one in every four cars off the road. More importantly, it could also do less harm to the environment.
16．Why did the world leaders have the special lunch
A．To learn how to make food made of rubbish.
B．To remind people about food waste and its bad influence on climate change.
C．To try some new food.
D．To let people know something about food made of rubbish.
17．What does the underlined word “staggering” mean in Chinese
A．惊人的 B．困惑的 C．美好的 D．微小的
18．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Most people have paid much attention to food waste.
B．The world leaders ate hamburgers made of fresh fruit.
C．If we stop throwing good food away, it can do less harm to the environment.
D．Saving food is more important than driving cars less.
19．According to the passage, we can know food waste influence ________ at last.
A．fuel B．cars C．cows D．climate
20．Where can we read this passage
A．In a guide book. B．In a diary. C．In a newspaper. D．In a storybook.
（2023·云南临沧·一模）Jayden Miller, a vlogger(视频博主), 26, has lived in China for five years, teaching English in China. In his free time, he likes making videos about his trips to villages and has shared over 10 such videos on the Internet.
Miller has seen the big changes in those villages during his trips over the years. The old bumpy roads in the village become much better now.
“Now you can easily spend a day in a village. You can go to a restaurant to buy some food. You can go to the park to relax. You can pay for everything with your phone. There is always 4 G or even 5 G, so I can use the map on my phone to get back to the city. But there was nothing when I went there for the first time,” says Miller. In some villages, traders told him that they could sell more local products to make more money—thanks to the growing number of visitors brought by the more convenient transport(交通).
Miller thinks it’s China’s effort that makes these changes happen in the countryside. He hopes to go on logging the changes to show the real China to the world.
21．When did Miller go to China
A．At the age of 26. B．At the age of 21. C．At the age of 16. D．At the age of 10.
22．Miller has shared ________ videos about his trips to villages online.
A．over ten B．over twenty C．over thirty D．over forty
23．The underlined word “bumpy” in the second paragraph means “ ________ “ in Chinese.
A．光滑的 B．粗鲁的 C．舒服的 D．不平的
24．Why can traders make more money by selling local products
A．Because the local products are more expensive but better than other products.
B．Because the local products are fresher and better than other products.
C．Because the transport makes it easier for more visitors to come.
D．Because traders can sell more products through the Internet.
25．What may Miller do in the future
A．Miller may keep recording the changes.
B．Miller may help sell the local products with his phone.
C．Miller wishes to play a role in developing the countryside.
D．Miller hopes to show his life abroad on the Internet in the future.
（2023·广东清远·一模）
Food walk through the ancient townTime: 10:00 a.m.—2:00 p.m. Friday—Saturday Place: Yudai Ancient Town Price: ￥90 for each person Tel: 82101973 While walking through the ancient town, you can taste lots of delicious snacks. Kung fu ShowTime: 7:30 p.m.—8:30p.m. Thursday—Friday Place: Peace Square Price: ￥80 for each person Tel: 83227232 Two lovely pandas, named Ai Long and Ai Jie, are fond of Chinese kung fu. To experience and learn it from a great master, they come here.
Music FestivalTime: 7:30 p.m.—10:30 p.m. July 13—14 Place: Pioneer Theater Price: ￥120 Tel: 86103721 Crazy Brain, a well-known band, will give a concert. They will play some pieces of wonderful music. Art ExhibitionTime: 9:00 a.m.—9:00 p.m. August 1—10 Place: Star Gallery Price: Free Tel: 86552545 A famous Chinese ink painter uses traditional “gong bi” to paint Chinese women.
26．How much will you pay if you and one of your friends plan to enjoy the food walk
A．￥90. B．￥120. C．￥160. D．￥180.
27．When is the right time to watch Kung fu Show
A．8:30 p.m.—9:30 p.m. on Friday. B．7:30 p.m.—8:30 p.m. on Friday.
C．7:30 a.m.—8:30 a.m. on Thursday. D．7:30 a.m.—6:30 p.m. on Thursday.
28．Which number can Linda phone if she wants to go to the concert
A．82101973 B．83227232 C．86103721. D．86552545.
29．Where can you go if you’d like to learn about the art exhibition
A．Star Gallery. B．Pioneer Theater. C．Yudai Ancient Town. D．Peace Square.
30．Where can we probably see this passage
A．In a report. B．In a storybook. C．In a diary. D．In a newspaper.
（2023·云南红河·一模）When your parents are busy with work and have no time to cook, you can pick up the phone and order some food for yourself. Lots of people order takeaway these days. But did people eat takeaway in ancient China
The answer is yes! There was takeaway from the Song Dynasty. People at that time didn’t have phones. But they could still order food. Families with much money had servants. They went out to pick up dishes for their hosts. Some restaurants had delivery workers(外卖员). They walked around the city or waited outside theaters. People paid them to deliver food. People also liked to order takeaway for big days, such as birthdays, festivals and some days when friends visited. People would order their food before the big day came. The delivery workers would bring dishes to their houses.
Now delivery workers use electric bikes(电瓶车) to deliver food. But in the past, delivery workers delivered food on foot. It took a long time and the food would get cold easily. Some restaurants used a special plate to keep their food warm. It had two layers of porcelain(两层陶瓷). People put hot water between the two layers to keep the dishes warm.
31．When did people have takeaway in ancient China
A．Qin Dynasty B．Tang Dynasty C．Song Dynasty D．Ming Dynasty
32．The underlined word “servants” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese.
A．朋友 B．亲戚 C．仆人 D．主人
33．The following are big days for ancient Chinese EXCEPT ________.
A．birthdays B．festivals C．days with friends D．sad days
34．How did ancient people deliver food
A．By walking. B．By using the phone.
C．By using electric bikes. D．By riding a horse.
35．We can learn from the passage that in the Song Dynasty ________.
A．only rich family could ask for takeaway
B．both servants and delivery workers delivered takeaway
C．people ordered takeaway on or after their big days
D．people had no idea about keeping the food warm
（2023·云南文山·一模）For primary and middle school students, being able to cook has become a must. They will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, raise chickens or ducks and fix computers or fridges under new requirements for labor education. The MOE (教育部) brought out a new standard for labor education in schools last year. Starting from the 2022 fall term, students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week.
Labor education helps students value hard work. The new standard includes three types of labor tasks: housework, school labor and community volunteer services.
Schools in China have traditionally placed more focus on studying, and many have seen housework as a waste of children’s time. But according to the MOE, labor education must be built up to help students improve social values and develop an interest in labor.
Liu Fang, a mother of 6-year-old twins in Beijing, strongly supports labor education. For the past year, she has trained her daughters to do housework and make simple dishes for the family.
“The main idea is to let them share duty as family members and become independent as they can,” said Liu. “Through doing housework, their hand-eye coordination (手眼协调), time management and organization skills can be trained and it’s also good to help them relax.”
Through such education, Liu said her twins have found fun in doing housework and are more independent.
36．What CAN’T a ninth-grade student learn through labor education
A．How to plant vegetables. B．How to be more careful in class.
C．How to fix computers or fridges. D．How to raise chickens or ducks.
37．Which of the following is TRUE about the new labor education standard
A．It started in the fall term of 2022. B．It is for students from primary school to college.
C．Students have to take labor courses twice a week. D．It includes two types of labor tasks.
38．Schools in China ________ before labor education.
A．let students do housework B．let students study to cook
C．pay more attention to students’ health D．pay more attention to students’ study
39．What does Liu Fang think of labor education
A．It’s too simple for students. B．It is boring for students.
C．It helps students develop different skills. D．It is a waste of students’ time.
40．What is the passage mainly about
A．New courses for primary school students.
B．Labor education for primary and middle school students.
C．New technologies used in primary and middle schools.
D．Ways to improve students’ studying skills.
（2023·云南德宏·一模）Can plants talk Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked(受到攻击) by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract the wasps(黄蜂)! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops.
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds; but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chili plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi(真菌). It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other.
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them.
41．What will plants do when they are attacked by insects
A．They will kill the insects quickly.
B．They will control the wasps to kill the insects.
C．They will send out signals to ask for help.
D．They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help.
42．How are the wood wide web linked by fungi
A．By making noises with their roots.
B．By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.
C．By sharing food and information with each other.
D．By spreading chemicals to each other.
43．What is the writer’s purpose of the last paragraph
A．To give people hope for further studies.
B．To praise scientists for their great achievements.
C．To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.
D．To encourage people to communicate with plants.
44．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．science
C．health D．business
45．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The secret language of plants.
B．The study about the plant warning system.
C．The plants that give warnings.
D．Why scientists do research about plants.
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了清洁工张建娜自学英语的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据“She didn’t know what to do because she couldn’t understand what the foreigner said...This unusual experience touched Zhang, and she made up her mind to learn English”可知她不理解外国人说的话，这段经历让她下定决心学习英语，可推知她决定学习英语是为了和外国人交流。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Zhang found her children’s textbooks and started her learning journey”可知张建娜开始学习英语是通过找到她孩子的教科书。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“Zhang would easily forget the words she learned. But she didn’t flinch from facing up to the challenge”可知张建娜在面对挑战时并没有畏惧，所以“flinch”在这里的意思是“畏惧”。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“She says she wants to introduce her hometown in English to draw more tourists one day.”可知张建娜的未来计划是用英语介绍她的家乡，以吸引更多的游客。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Actually, behind this is a long journey of persistence”以及本文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一位清洁工张建娜自学英语，虽然她遇到一些困难，但是她不放弃，最终取得成功，故张娟娜的故事最好的描述是“坚持是成功的关键”。故选B。
6．C 7．G 8．B 9．D 10．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了保护眼睛的方法。
6．根据“It’s said that if you take care of your body, then you can be healthy.”可知，此处是说关心自己的身体的重要性及原因，选项C“这就是为什么我们的眼睛应该得到很多照顾。”符合语境。故选C。
7．根据“There are several causes leading to poor eye sight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (年龄增长).”可知，此处是讲导致视力弱的因素。选项G“电视、电脑和阅读也是导致视力低下的原因。”符合语境。故选G。
8．根据“Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable.”可知，此处是说脏的东西会对眼睛有害，选项B“它也对你的眼睛有害。”符合语境。故选B。
9．根据“Remember that vitamins (维生素) A、C and E are good for eyes.”可知，此处是说食物对眼睛的影响，选项D“吃健康的食物将对你的眼睛有好处。”符合语境。故选D。
10．根据“In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.”可知，此处是总结上面提到的保护眼睛的方法，选项E“以上都是天然的护眼方法，帮助我们保持健康的眼睛。”符合语境。故选E。
11．A 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了眼睛识别系统，眼睛识别系统正在进行不断的测试，对比了它和其它识别程序的优点，在未来将得到广泛的应用。
11．细节理解题。根据“The eye-recognition program is being tested in some shops and banks.”可知，眼睛识别程序在一些商店和银行进行了测试。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“You just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are.”可知，眼睛识别程序很简单，你只需要看一下机器。故选B。
13．词句猜测题。根据“So in the future you won’t have to remember a long code when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank.”及常识可知，我们使用机器或者去银行办理业务需要密码。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“But eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don’t change as you get older, or get dirty like hands or fingers.”可知，眼睛识别比其他的好，不会随着年纪长大而改变，不会变脏，每个人的眼睛都是不同的。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据“But eye-recognition is better than other kinds because your eyes don’t change as you get older, or get dirty like hands or fingers.”可知，眼睛识别不会改变，不会变脏，每个人的眼睛都是不同的，排除ABC。故选D。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了目前的食物浪费现象，呼吁我们节约粮食。
16．细节理解题。根据“The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change.”可知，这次特别的午餐是为了提醒人们注意食物浪费及其对气候变化的不良影响。故选B。
17．词句猜测题。根据“Every year more than one-third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste, according to the UN. The figures (数字) for food waste are staggering.”可知，食物浪费的数量是惊人的。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“The UN said if we stop throwing good food away, we could save $300 billion from wasted food and cut down up to 17 million tons of CO2.…it could also do less harm to the environment.”可知，选项C“如果我们停止扔掉好的食物，它可以减少对环境的危害。”表述正确。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“The UN said this reminded people about food waste and the bad influence it has on climate change.”以及“The UN said if we stop throwing good food away…and cut down up to 17 million tons of CO2.”可知，食物浪费最终影响的是气候。故选D。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文作者介绍了目前的食物浪费现象，呼吁我们节约粮食。故可推知，可以在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选C。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了在中国居住的一位外国视频博主，关注到中国农村的巨大变化，并在视频中记录下来。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jayden Miller, a vlogger(视频博主), 26, has lived in China for five years,”可知Jayden Miller，一位视频博主，26岁，在中国已经生活了5年，可知他是5年前来到中国，也就是他21岁的时候来到中国。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In his free time, he likes making videos about his trips to villages and has shared over 10 such videos on the Internet.”可知在空闲时间，他喜欢制作关于乡村旅行的视频，并在互联网上分享了10多个这样的视频，可知Miller在互联网上分享了10多个乡村旅行的视频。故选A。
23．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Miller has seen the big changes in those villages during his trips over the years. The old bumpy roads in the village become much better now.”可知Miller在这些年的旅行中看到了这些村庄的巨大变化。村里旧的……道路现在好多了。可知中国乡村发生了很大变化，现在的路更好了，说明过去的路不好，结合选项应该是指过去旧的路是不平的，bumpy的意思是“不平的”。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“ In some villages, traders told him that they could sell more local products to make more money—thanks to the growing number of visitors brought by the more convenient transport”可知在一些村庄，商人告诉他，他们可以卖更多当地产品赚更多钱——这归功于更方便的交通带来了越来越多的游客，可知商人通过卖当地产品赚更多钱是因为交通便利使更多游客更容易来这里。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He hopes to go on logging the changes to show the real China to the world”可知他希望继续记录这些变化，向全世界展现真实的中国，可推断Miller将来可能会继续记录中国的变化。故选A。
26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个活动的基本信息，包括其时间、地点、价格、电话以及活动内容等。
26．细节理解题。根据左上角表格的“Price: ￥90 for each person”可知价格：每人90元，因此两个人需用180元。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据右上角表格的“Time: 7:30 p.m.—8:30p.m. Thursday—Friday”可知时间：晚上7：30—8：30周四至周五，因此选项B符合。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据左下角表格的“Tel: 86103721”可知电话是86103721。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据右下角表格的“Place: Star Gallery”可知地点：星光画廊。故选A。
30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了几个活动的相关信息，很有可能从报纸读到。故选D。
31．C 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代送外卖的情况。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段的“There was takeaway from the Song Dynasty.”可知从宋朝就有外卖。故选C。
32．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Families with much money had servants. They went out to pick up dishes for their hosts.”可知有钱的家庭有……。他们出去为主人买食物。因此可知是指仆人。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段的“People also liked to order takeaway for big days, such as birthdays, festivals and some days when friends visited.”可知人们也喜欢在重要的日子里点外卖，比如生日、节日和朋友来访的日子。因此不包括悲伤的日子。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的“But in the past, delivery workers delivered food on foot.”可知但在过去，送餐员步行送餐。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Families with much money had servants. They went out to pick up dishes for their hosts. Some restaurants had delivery workers(外卖员). They walked around the city or waited outside theaters. People paid them to deliver food. ”可知有钱的家庭有仆人。他们出去为主人买食物。一些餐馆有外卖员。他们在城市里走来走去，或者在剧院外面等着。人们付钱给他们送食物。因此选项B正确。故选B。
36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文讲述了教育部去年提出了一项新的学校劳动教育标准，新标准包括三种类型的劳动任务，同时说明了劳动教育对于学生的重要性。
36．细节理解题。根据“For primary and middle school students, being able to cook has become a must. They will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, raise chickens or ducks and fix computers or fridges under new requirements for labor education.”可知，对于中小学生来说，会做饭已经成为一项必须的技能。根据新的劳动教育要求，他们还需要学习如何种菜、养鸡或养鸭，以及如何修理电脑或冰箱。没提到如何在课堂上更加细心，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“Starting from the 2022 fall term, students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week.”可知，从2022年秋季学期开始，中小学生每周至少要上一次劳动技能课程。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Schools in China have traditionally placed more focus on studying”可知，中国的学校传统上更注重学习，故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Through doing housework, their hand-eye coordination (手眼协调), time management and organization skills can be trained and it’s also good to help them relax.”可知，通过做家务，他们的手眼协调能力、时间管理能力和组织能力都得到了锻炼，这也有助于他们放松。即劳动教育帮助学生发展不同的技能，故选C。
40．主旨大意题。本文讲述了教育部去年提出了一项新的学校劳动教育标准，故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了研究发现植物会通过化学物质、声音和真菌彼此交流。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help”可知该植物从正在被食用的叶子中释放化学物质。这就像一个警告，或者一个求助电话。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi(真菌). It links the roots of different plants to each other. ”可知木联网由真菌在地下连接。它将不同植物的根相互连接起来。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them.”可知科学家们每天都在更多地了解植物相互交谈的秘密方式。也许有一天，我们对植物交流有足够的了解，能够与它们“交谈”。因此选项A“给人们更深层研究的希望”符合。故选A。
44．推理判断题。通读全文可知，主要讲述了研究发现植物会通过化学物质、声音和真菌彼此交流。因此很有可能从科学板块读到。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要讲述了研究发现植物会通过化学物质、声音和真菌彼此交流。选项A“植物的秘密语言”符合。故选A。
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