2024年人教版中考复习【现在完成时】讲义及练习（含答案）

现在完成时
知识提炼
概念：
①表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果；
②过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。
I have finished my homework. (过去+完成+影响)
I have taught English for three years. (过去+持续)
二、基本结构： have/has done(动词的过去分词)
注：现在完成时中have/has 是助动词，不是实义动词
三、动词过去分词的变化规则：
规则变化： （同过去式规则变化一致）
直接加ed。
work →worked →worked
以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾后直接加d。 　　
live→lived→lived change→changed→changed
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，把y改i，再加ed。
study→studied→studied cry→cried→cried
重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，
再加ed。
stop→ stopped→ stopped prefer→ preferred→ preferred
不规则（书本）
四、句型转换
肯定句： 主语+have/has +done
助动词have/has可与前面的主语缩略为’ve, ’s, 如they’ve, he’s
否定句： 主语+have/has+ not+ done
have not=haven’t has not=hasn’t
一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+done...
回答： Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/hasn’t.
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词或词组+have/has+主语+done...
常考易错点
have/has gone to、have/has been to和have/has been in区别
（1）have /has gone to“去了未回”
Tom has gone to America.
（2）have /has been to“去过已回” 常与表示次数：twice, once和just, never, ever的时间词连用。
Tom has been to America twice.
（3）have /has been in去了某地，并待在那。常与for/since的时间词连用。
Tom has been in America for 5 years.
注意：当地点为home/here/there/abroad或以where开头的问句时，记得要
省略介词。
Where have you been
He has gone home.
六、时间标志词
already（已经）; yet（“仍，还”）; just（刚刚）
I have already finished my homework. (already 肯 中/末)
=I have finished my homework already.
Have you finished your homework yet (yet 否/疑问 末)
I haven't finished my homework yet.
I have just finished my homework. (just 肯 中)
注：just now 为一般过去时的标志词，表示 “刚才”
I turned off the light just now.
ever; never（从未）
Have you ever been to China (ever 疑/肯 中)
I have ever been to China.
I have never been to China. （never否 / 中）
For; since（+过去时间点/ ago/ 从过）
I have been in China for 3 years. (for+一段时间)
I have been in China since 3 years ago. （since+时间点）
Before; 次数；so far; recently; in the past/last/ recent few years, up to now
I have seen this movie before. （before）
I have been to England three times. (次数)
So far, I have had 5 pets. (so far)
He has bought a nice book recently. (recently)
He has been in school in the past few years. ( in the past few years)
延续性动词、非延续性动词及其转换。
(1)标志词
“for+段时间”，“since+过去时间点（含过去时从句）”，或“how long”提问
（2）动词短暂变延续方式
come/go/arrive —be(in/at) Eg: have been (in/at)
buy — have
get to know — know borrow — keep
leave — be away (from) become — be
join — be in/be a member of marry — be married
die — be dead begin — be on
finish-be over close — be closed
open — be open fall ill — be ill
fall asleep — be asleep
小牛试刀
单项选择
1. Have you met Mr. Li ___
A. just B. ago
C. before D. a moment ago
2.-----Have you been to Beijing
----No, I ____.
A. has B. have
C. hasn't D. haven't
3.I ____the film already.
A. saw B. have seen
C. see D. will see
4. Have you ever ____ to Canada
A.be B. are C. been D.is
5. He ____Water World last year.
A. went to B. goes to
C. has been to D. has gone to
6.---Have you ever been to Sanya
---Yes, I’ve ____been there twice.
already B. never
C. neither D. yet
7.Tom hasn’t been to Italy____, but he has ___been to America.
A. already, yet B. yet, already
C. already, already D. yet, yet
8.I haven’t seen the film___.
A. yet B. ever C. already D. just
9.----What are you going to do tomorrow
-----I ___yet.
A. didn’t decide B. won’t decide
C. have decide D. haven’t decided
10.----I have never been to Tokyo.
-----____.
A. So do I B. So have I
C. Neither have I D. Neither do I
答案：1-5: CDBCA 6-10: ABADC
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. ____you ever _____ (be ) to America
2. ____you ____(find) your watch yet
3. -----Are you thirsty
----No, I ___just ___(have) some orange.
4. We ____already _____(return) the book.
5. Both of them_____ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
6. I ______ (not finish) my homework yet.
7. Cindy _____(join) the book club last week and she ____(read) four books already.
8. He ____（buy）a CD yesterday, but he ____(read) it yet.
答案：
1. Have been
2. Have found
3. have had
4. have returned
5. came
6. haven’t finished
7. joined, has read
8. bought, hasn’t read
句型转换
1. He has already finished his homework.（改为否定句）
He ____finished his homework _____.
2. I have finished my homework.（改为否定句）
I ___ ____my homework.
3. I have already been to Beijing.（改为一般疑问句并否定回答）
_____ you_____ to Beijing _____ ______, _____ _____.
4. You have never been to Shanghai before.（改为反意疑问句）
You have never been to Shanghai before，_____ ____
5. He has worked in Beijing for a year. （对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ _____he worked in Beijing
6. Emily doesn’t do well in Chinese. Her brother doesn’t do well in Chinese, either.（合并为一句）
Emily doesn’t do well in Chinese, ____ ____her brother.
答案：
1. hasn’t yet
2. haven’t finished
3. Have, yet; No, I haven’t
4. Have you
5. How long has
6. neither does
用for和since填空。
1. ----How long have you collected shell
------_____nine years.
2. He's skated _____more than five hours.
3. Alice ran ____twenty minutes yesterday.
4. I’ve learned English ____I was seven years old.
5. My mother has taught English _____last year.
6. She has cried _____the whole morning.
7. Great changes have taken place______ you left.
8. He has lived here_____ he came to CQ.
9. The boy has been away_____ two hours ago.
10. She has read the book______ eight o’clock.
答案：
1.For 2. for 3.for 4.since 5.since
6.for 7. since 8.since 9.since 10.since
句型转换
1. I bought this book two days ago.（改为同义句）
I ____ _____this book since two days ago.
2. We’ve lived in CQ since five years ago.（改为同义句）
We’ve lived in CQ____ ____ ____.
3. I have lived here since I was a child.（对划线部分提问）
_____ ____ ____ you lived here
4. This factory opened twenty years ago.（改为同义句）
This factory ___ ____ ___for twenty years.
5. She borrowed the dictionary three weeks ago.（改为同义句）
She ____ ____the dictionary for three weeks.
6. The old man died last year.（改为同义句）
The old man ___ ____ ____for a year.
7.The Green family moved to France two years ago.（改为同义句）
_____two years ____ the Green family moved to France.
8.The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago.（合并为一个句子）
____________________________________________.
答案：
1. have had
2. for five years
3. How long have
4. has been open
5. has kept
6. has been dead
7. It’s since
8. The bus has been here for ten minutes.
用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空
1. — Where is Jack
—He __________ his country.
2. John __________England since he came back.
3. How long __________ you __________this village
4. The Smiths __________ Beijing for years.
5. — __________you ever __________ America
— Yes, I __________ there many times.
6. I __________this school since three years ago.
7. — When __________ he __________
— He __________ an hour ago.
8. — Would you like to __________ the zoo with me
— Yes, but I __________there before.
9. — Where __________ you __________ just now
—I __________ the zoo.
10. He often__________ swimming.
11. __________ you __________ there last year
12. __________ they often __________skating in winter
答案：
1. has gone to 2. has been in 3. have; been in 4. have been in
5. Have; been to; have been 6. have been in 7. did; go; went 8. go; have been
9. did; go; went to 10. goes 11. Did; go 12. Do; go