专题03 情态动词
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1.（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
A. mustn’t B. daren’t C. needn’t D. can’t
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。
（2022·天津·高考真题）The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town. A new hospital__________ have been put up years ago.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这家医院很旧，不再能够服务这个城镇的需求。一家新的医院本应该在多
年前建立起来了。A. may have done表示对过去的肯定推测，“可能”；B.would have done用于虚拟语气；C. should have done“本应做而没做”；D. must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，“一定”。根据 “The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town.”可知，一个新的医院本应该建立起来，所以选C。
（2021天津·高考真题）--I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Wel1, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A. may have made B. should have made
C. couldn’t have made D. needn't have made
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：--诚实来说，我认为我不会被录取。--不一定！你可能留下的印象比你认为得好。A. may have done表示对过去的肯定推测，“可能”；B.should have done表示一种虚拟语气，“本应该做而没有做”；C. couldn’t have done表示对过去的否定推测，“不可能”；D.needn’t have done是一种虚拟语气，“本没必要做而做了”。根据 “You never know”可知，对上文不会录取的否认，所以选A。
（2021天津.高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A. need B. should C. could D. must
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
（2020天津.高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn't
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事，must have done表示对过
去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。
（2020天津.高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
A. must B. can C. need D. should
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们让房子保持干净整洁。A. must “必须”；B. can “可以”；C.need “需要”；D. should “应该”。此处表示“可以，能够”，所以选B。
回顾知识体系
情态动词 基本用法及例句
can/could 表示“能力”，could表示过去的能力：He could swim when he was a child. 表示“请求、许可”，could表示委婉语气：Could you show me the photo Yes, I can. 表示“推测”，用于否定或疑问句，could表示委婉语气，可能性低于can： He couldn’t be at home now. 表示“客观真实性”：The weather in North China can be sometimes windy in Spring.
may/might 表示“请求‘许可”might表示委婉语气：May I come in 表示“推测”，用于肯定句或否定句，might表示委婉语气，可能性低于may： My friend might have witnessed the accident yesterday afternoon. 表示“祝福”，用于祈使句句首：May you be successful in your career.
must 表示“必须”:You must hand in your homework on time. 表示“推测”，含义为“一定”，用于肯定句：They must have finished the task ahead of time. 表示语气，“非要，偏要”：Must you listen to the bedtime story before you go to bed
shall 表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、
规定中： He shall get a mobile phone if he gets good exam results. 表示“征求对方意见”，用以一、三人称的疑问句：Shall we go to play now
should/ought to 表示“义务、责任”：You should look after your parents when they are old. 表示“按常理推测”：The meeting should end at 2 o’clock. 表示吃惊或意想不到的语气，“竟然”：He should be so careless that he made the same mistake again.
would 表示“过去常常做……”:My mother would tell me bedtime stories when I was young. 表示“过去将要做某事”:He promised me that he would offer me free meals. 用于虚拟语气用法中：If I were you, I would not have forgiven her.
dare 用于实义动词：He doesn’t dare to speak in front of others. 用于情态动词：He dare not speak in front of others.
need 用于实义动词：The door needs to be painted. 用于情态动词：We need keep contacted with others.
had better “最好”had better (not) do: You had better not come late.
have to 有时态和人称的变化“不得不”：She has to go to the dentist tomorrow.
回顾核心考点
can表示“客观真实性”
e.g. He is easy-going, but sometimes he can be impatient.
他很随和，但是有时不够耐心。
must表示语气。“非要、偏要”
e.g. The child must listen to bedtime stories before going to bed.
这个孩子睡前非要听睡前故事。
shall 表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、规定中。
e.g. He shall be punished if he breaks the school rule.
如果他违背了校规，他会受到惩罚。（表示警告）
You shall choose the book you like to read here.
在这里你可以选择你喜欢的书读。(表示允诺)
Each competitor shall wear a number.
每个参赛者要戴上号码。（表示规则）
would表示“过去常常做某事”
My father would take me to go fishing by the river when I was young.
我小时候，我爸爸常常带我去河边钓鱼。
易混易错归纳
情态动词表推测
①can, could可以用于否定或疑问推测，could语气弱于can。表示对过去的否定推测时，结构为can’t/couldn’t have done；
②may, might可以用于肯定或否定推测，might语气弱于may。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为may/might have done；
③must仅可以用于肯定推测。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为must have done。
e.g. Where could he have gone I haven’t seen him for a long time.
他可能去了哪里？我已经很久没有见过他了。（could have done用于对过去的疑问推测）
I must have left my wallet on the bus, because I took a bus yesterday.
我一定把钱包落在车上了，因为我昨天坐公交车了。
情态动词表虚拟
Should/ought to have done 表示“本应做某事而没做”；
should not/ought not to have done表示“本不应该做而做了”
needn’t have done 表示“本没必要做而做了”
could have done表示“本可以或本应该做某事”
e.g. You should not have missed the chance, because the lecture was wonderful.
你本不应该错过这次机会，因为这次讲座很精彩。
She needn’t have prepared so much food, because we ate some food in advance.
她本没有必要准备那么多食物，因为我们提前吃了一些食物。
1．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise.
A．could B．would C．might D．must
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢欧·亨利的故事，因为这些故事虽然简单，但往往会在结尾突然发生变化，让读者感到惊讶。A. could可能；B. would常常；C. might也许；D. must必须。此处表示过去的习惯，“would + 动词原形”表示过去常常做某事。故选B。
2．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me.
A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词 。句意：我本可以告诉你你的错误，但我认为你不会听我的。A. could have done本可以做某事而没有做；B. must have done一定做过某事；C. should do应该做某事；D. might do可能做某事。根据“but I didn’t think you would listen to me.”可知，本可以告诉你你的错误。故选A。
3．（2024·天津·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement.
A．shall B．would C．must D．may
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：从那时起，每当我去奶奶家，我都会兴奋地冲进厨房吃臭豆腐。A. shall将要，用于一般将来时；B. would将会；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据上文“Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house”可知，此处主句为过去将来时，为would+动词原形。故选B。
4．（2024·天津·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You park here.
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：看，双黄线！你禁止在这里停车。A. wouldn’t不会；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不需要；D. daren’t不敢。由“double yellow lines”可知，句子表示“你禁止在这里停车”，空格处表示“禁止”，故选B。
5．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so
—Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test.
A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——考试对我们来说非常重要。你认为是吗 ——是的，所以我们在考试时再认真都不为过。A.must't禁止；B.daren't不敢； C.neednt不必；D.can't不能。分析结构可知这向话使用“can't be too+形容词”的句型，意为“再……都不为过”。故选D。
6．（2023·天津·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D. would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故选A项。
7．（2023·天津·模拟预测）—Excuse me, what is Nick doing
—Look! He ______ flowers outside.
A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．has watered
【答案】C
【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：——打扰一下，Nick在做什么？——看！他正在外面浇花。结合问句“what is Nick doing ”及空前的“Look!”可知，此处指“他正在外面浇花”，表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，故选C。
8．（2023·天津河西·三模）The boss finally decided to send Ken to Kunming for a business trip, for he ______ there for five years and is familiar with the city.
A．works B．would work C．had worked D．has been working
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态。句意：老板最终决定让Ken去昆明出差，因为他在昆明工作了5年，对昆明很熟悉。根据句子分析可知，此处work作谓语动词，且此处work发生在decided之前，故应用过去完成时，故选C。
9．（2023·天津·二模）I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song.
A．bought B．was buying C．has bought D．would buy
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：前几天我在泰勒的店里买一个新的闹钟，突然听到有人在唱一首熟悉的歌。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...表示“某人正在，这时……”；根据后文heard可知为过去进行时。故选B。
10．（2023·天津河西·三模）Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day.
A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天，珍妮和我们学校的两个男孩应邀去伦敦参加一个国际会议。根据后文the other day可知为一般过去时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，并且主语后接介词短语along with不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据Jenny的人称和数来确定。故用单数。故选D。
11．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）It was the first time that he________Xinjiang, and was amazed by the breathtaking scenery.
A．has visited B．had visited C．visited D．would visit
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次访问新疆自治区，被那里令人惊叹的风景所震撼。此处为句型It was the first time that+过去完成时，表示“第一次……”，从句用过去完成时。故选B。
12．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）In the long term, I hope that 20 years from today, I________as a judge.
A．am working B．will be working C．work D．have worked
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意：从长远来看，我希望20年后的今天，我将成为一名法官。根据上文 20 years from today可知，表示将来某一时刻某一动作正在进行，或往往是因为已经做好准备，认为某事肯定会发生，应用将来进行时。故选B。
13．（2023·天津河北·一模）Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, ________ by the volunteer team.
A．have been collected B．was collected C．has been collected D．were collected
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，志愿者团队收集了大量垃圾，如塑料袋。结合时间状语Over the past five years，主语large amounts of rubbish和谓语动词collect是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，large amounts of+不可数名词，谓语复数形式。故选A项。
14．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking that building it ________ have been a huge project in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．could D．need
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. need需要。根据句意可知，表示对过去情况肯定猜猜测用must have done，意为“一定是……”。故选B。
15．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．would D．need
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. would将；D. need需要。must have done“一定做过某事”表示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据“to build it in ancient times.”可知，古代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。故选B。
16．（2023·天津·模拟预测）—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy
—OK. You ___________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——妈妈，给我讲个航天员杨利伟的故事好吗？——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。A. might或许；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. shall将会，应该。shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、命令，威胁等，此句是表示允诺。故选D。
17．（2023·天津·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。
18．（2023·天津·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour
A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：已经11点了。这么晚了，你一定要看电影吗？A. Can能，可以；B. Must必须，一定，偏要；C. May可以，可能；D. Shall(表示说话人的允诺、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、三人称)必须，应，可。情态动词must可以表示坚持或固执，表达“偏要，偏偏”符合语境。故选B项。
19．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer start. What’s the matter with it
—Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now.
A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——计算机无法启动。它怎么了？——让我看看。嗯，刚才停电了。A. shan’t不应该；B. needn’t不需要；C. won’t不会；D. mustn’t禁止。根据句意，此处指“计算机无法启动”，应用情态动词will，表示事物的倾向、特征和趋势。故选C。
20．（2023·天津和平·一模）You________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。A. shouldn’t speak不应该说；B. couldn’t have spoken不能说；C. don’t have to不必；D. needn’t have spoken没有必要说。结合语意，我只需要很短的时间就能习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢。故选D项。
21．（2023·天津和平·一模）—I’m not looking forward to this. It’s going to be a really hard exam.
—Oh,________I’m sure we’ll all get good marks.
A．I can’t agree more. B．You’d better get started.
C．You must be kidding me. D．I won’t worry about it too much.
【答案】D
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我并不期待这个，这将是一个非常艰难的考试。——哦，我不会太担心，我相信我们都会得到好成绩的。A. I can’t agree more我完全同意；B. You’d better get started你最好开始；C. You must be kidding me你一定是在开玩笑；D. I won’t worry about it too much我不太担心。由后文提到我们都会取得好成绩，说明第二个人不担心考试。故选D项。
22．（2023·天津·模拟预测）In the past decades, some number plates _______ extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words.
A．had become B．have become C．has become D．became
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去的几十年里，一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些能拼出单词的车牌。In the past decades为时间状语，一般与现在完成时连用，主语some number plates是复数概念，谓语动词也用复数形式。故选B。
23．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A．should B．must C．can D．need
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。
24．（2022·天津西青·模拟预测）—Susan looks a little bit upset. What’s up
—Oh, you are to blame. You ________ a joke on her in front of so many people.
A．shouldn’t play B．shouldn’t have played C．needn’t play D．needn’t have played
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词的虚拟语气。句意：——Susan看起来有点沮丧。有什么事吗 ——都怪你，你本不应该在那么多人面前开她的玩笑。A. shouldn’t play不应该开玩笑；B. shouldn’t have played本不应该开玩笑；C. needn’t play不需要开玩笑 ；D. needn’t have played本不需要开玩笑。根据句意，Susan看起来有点沮丧，是因为自己已经被开玩笑了，而句子的描述与客观事实相反，故使用虚拟语气。shouldn’t have done表示的虚拟语气，其意义是：本不应该做某事，但是事实却做了。“开某人玩笑”表示为play a joke on sb，结合句意。故选B。
25．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter.
A．should B．shall C．can D．may
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：虽然我们城市的气候很好，但是冬天的温度有时可以降到冰点以下14摄氏度。A.should应该；B.shall将要，将会；C.can有时会；D.may也许。根据“Although the climate in our city is good”和“fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter”可知，此处是指冬天时温度有时会降到冰点以下14摄氏度。故选C。
26．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy Your little sister is still sleeping.
A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：Jimmy你非要弄出这么多噪音吗？你妹妹还在睡觉。A. Can’t不能，不可能；B. Must必须，非要，偏要，一定；C. May可以，可能；D. Won’t不会。结合语境，此处表示指责，用must“偏要，非要”符合。故选B。
27．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past.
A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+have done表推测。句意：许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。A.would have been本来会（却没）；B.might have been过去可能已经；C.shouldn’t have been本不应该；D. couldn’t have been（本不可能）。根据时间状语in the past可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故选D项。
28．（2022·天津·一模）Angela reasoned with Simon, trying to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her.
A．can B．would C．must D．should
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：安吉拉与西蒙进行了辩论，试图说服他改变主意，但西蒙不愿听。A. can能、可以；B. would（表达愿望）会，将会；C. must必须；D. should应该。结合句意可知，此处用表达愿望的情态动词would。故选B项。
29．（2022·天津和平·三模）As a smoker, you ________ remember that the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious.
A．can B．would C．must D．might
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：作为一名吸烟者，你必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。A. can能；B. would将会，表示某事的可能性；C. must必须，有很大可能性；D. might可能，表示可能性很小。根据后文“the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious”可知，指必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。故选C。
30．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”.
—Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well.
A．should have updated B．must have updated C．couldn’t have updated D．needn’t have updated
【答案】A
【详解】考查should have done用法。句意：——电脑一直提醒我“出错了，不能保存文件”。——嗯，你昨天本应该按照技术人员的建议更新软件的。这个旧版本不太好用。A.should have updated本应该更新；B. must have updated肯定更新了；C. couldn’t have updated不可能更新了；D. needn’t have updated本不必要更新。根据“This old version doesn’t work well.”可知，此处表示“昨天本应该更新软件”，should have done表示过去本应该做而没做的事情。故选A项。
31．（2022·天津·模拟预测）I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A．might have；would B．should have had； should
C．could have； should D．must have had； would
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词用法和虚拟语气。句意：我相信他肯定遇到意外事件了，否则他会按时到的。第一空根据“otherwise he ________ have arrived on time”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式；第二空，根据otherwise可知，此处使用虚拟语气与过去事实相反，使用would have done。故选D。
32．（2022·天津河西·二模）一Excuse me, can I use your computer to type a report
一You________ have my computer if you take good care of it.
A．shall B．might C．should D．need
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——不好意思，我能不能用你的电脑打一份报告？——如果你好好使用我的电脑，我就把它送给你。A. shall可以（用于第二、三人称时，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁）；B. might可能；C. should应该；D. need需要。由“if you take good care of it”可知，句子表示“如果你好好使用我的电脑，我就把它送给你”，空格处意为“可以”，表示允诺，故选A。
33．（2022·天津·二模）This ___________an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.
A．can have been B．should have been C．may have been D．need have been
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：这或许是一种进步，但“突破”一词言过其实。A. can have been可能是；B. should have been应该是；C. may have been或许是；D. need have been需要是。根据空后“but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.”可知，这或许是一种进步，但“突破”一词言过其实。may have been符合语境。故选C。
34．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed.
—I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here.
A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我想知道为什么罗伯特还没有出现在采访中。 如果他错过了，那就太
可惜了。 ——我不确定，但他可能是在这里骑车时被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了；B. should be stuck应该堵车了；C. must have been stuck一定是堵车了；D. might have been stuck可能堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，且根据句意可知，应用被动语态，故选D项。
35．（2022·天津·模拟预测）Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ________ they come in right now
A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面等？A. May可以；B. Should应该；C. Shall应该；D. Will将。Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。
36．（2022·天津南开·一模）—John's gift He ______a better one for me.
—He must be very happy to know it.
A．should have chosen B．may have chosen C．couldn't have chosen D．needn't have chosen
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词的否定形式与形容词比较级连用，表示最高级。句意：——约翰（给）的礼物吗？他给我选了一个最好的礼物。——他一定很高兴知道这件事。A.should have chosen本应该选择（却没有）；B.may have chosen可能选择了；C.couldn’t have chosen本不能选择（却选了）；D.needn’t have chosen本不需要选择（却选了）。此处考查情态动词could的否定形式，与better连用，表示再好不过了，表示最高级，此处指“约翰为我选了一个再好不过的礼物”。故选C项。
37．（2022·天津·一模）— I think you ________ there in person; a phone call would have been fine.
— It is a good chance to know more of you from your parents.
A．couldn’t have been B．needn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t be
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词对过去事实的推测。句意：——我认为你本不需要亲自到场，打个电话就可以了。——这是一个很好的机会，可以从你父母那里了解你更多的情况。A. couldn’t have been不可能； B. needn’t have been 本不必；C. wouldn’t be 将不；D. shouldn’t be不应该。结合句中“a phone call would have been fine.”可知，本句表示对过去发生事实的推测，此处指一个电话就可以解决的事情，不需要亲自来，然而你却来了。所以此处应用“本不必来的”，故选B。
38．（2022·天津宁河·二模）You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will
regret it later.
A．may not B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你千万不能让绝好的机会从指缝间溜走，否则你以后会后悔的。A. may not也许不；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn’t不必；D. mustn’t一定不要。根据“or you will regret it later.”可知，一定不要将机会溜走，否则会后悔的，应用情态动词mustn’t。故选D。
39．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）Before they lost the match last Saturday, Redfen Town ________ every cup final they had ever played in.
A．had won B．won C．would win D．has won
【答案】A
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在上周六输掉比赛之前，Redfen镇赢得了他们参加过的每一场总决赛。根据“Before they lost the match last Saturday”可知，win表示的动作发生在lost之前，即发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选A。
40．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）—Have you ever visited the Oriental Pearl TV Tower
—Yes. When I was at university in Shanghai, I ________ it twice.
A．visited B．have visited C．had visited D．would visit
【答案】A
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：——你参观过东方明珠电视塔吗？——是的。当我在上海上大学的时候，我去过两次。根据时间状语从句“When I was at university in Shanghai”可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选A。专题03 情态动词
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1.（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
A. mustn’t B. daren’t C. needn’t D. can’t
（2022·天津·高考真题）The hospital is very old and can no longer serve the needs of the town. A new hospital__________ have been put up years ago.
A. may B. would C. should D. must
（2021天津·高考真题）--I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Wel1, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A. may have made B. should have made
C. couldn’t have made D. needn't have made
（2021天津.高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A. need B. should C. could D. must
（2020天津.高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done
his best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn't
（2020天津.高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
A. must B. can C. need D. should
回顾知识体系
情态动词 基本用法及例句
can/could 表示“能力”，could表示过去的能力：He could swim when he was a child. 表示“请求、许可”，could表示委婉语气：Could you show me the photo Yes, I can. 表示“推测”，用于否定或疑问句，could表示委婉语气，可能性低于can： He couldn’t be at home now. 表示“客观真实性”：The weather in North China can be sometimes windy in Spring.
may/might 表示“请求‘许可”might表示委婉语气：May I come in 表示“推测”，用于肯定句或否定句，might表示委婉语气，可能性低于may： My friend might have witnessed the accident yesterday afternoon. 表示“祝福”，用于祈使句句首：May you be successful in your career.
must 表示“必须”:You must hand in your homework on time. 表示“推测”，含义为“一定”，用于肯定句：They must have finished the task ahead of time. 表示语气，“非要，偏要”：Must you listen to the bedtime story before you go to bed
shall 表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、规定中： He shall get a mobile phone if he gets good exam results. 表示“征求对方意见”，用以一、三人称的疑问句：Shall we go to play now
should/ought to 表示“义务、责任”：You should look after your parents when they are old.
表示“按常理推测”：The meeting should end at 2 o’clock. 表示吃惊或意想不到的语气，“竟然”：He should be so careless that he made the same mistake again.
would 表示“过去常常做……”:My mother would tell me bedtime stories when I was young. 表示“过去将要做某事”:He promised me that he would offer me free meals. 用于虚拟语气用法中：If I were you, I would not have forgiven her.
dare 用于实义动词：He doesn’t dare to speak in front of others. 用于情态动词：He dare not speak in front of others.
need 用于实义动词：The door needs to be painted. 用于情态动词：We need keep contacted with others.
had better “最好”had better (not) do: You had better not come late.
have to 有时态和人称的变化“不得不”：She has to go to the dentist tomorrow.
回顾核心考点
can表示“客观真实性”
e.g. He is easy-going, but sometimes he can be impatient.
他很随和，但是有时不够耐心。
must表示语气。“非要、偏要”
e.g. The child must listen to bedtime stories before going to bed.
这个孩子睡前非要听睡前故事。
shall 表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、规定中。
e.g. He shall be punished if he breaks the school rule.
如果他违背了校规，他会受到惩罚。（表示警告）
You shall choose the book you like to read here.
在这里你可以选择你喜欢的书读。(表示允诺)
Each competitor shall wear a number.
每个参赛者要戴上号码。（表示规则）
would表示“过去常常做某事”
My father would take me to go fishing by the river when I was young.
我小时候，我爸爸常常带我去河边钓鱼。
易混易错归纳
情态动词表推测
①can, could可以用于否定或疑问推测，could语气弱于can。表示对过去的否定推测时，结构为can’t/couldn’t have done；
②may, might可以用于肯定或否定推测，might语气弱于may。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为may/might have done；
③must仅可以用于肯定推测。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为must have done。
e.g. Where could he have gone I haven’t seen him for a long time.
他可能去了哪里？我已经很久没有见过他了。（could have done用于对过去的疑问推测）
I must have left my wallet on the bus, because I took a bus yesterday.
我一定把钱包落在车上了，因为我昨天坐公交车了。
情态动词表虚拟
Should/ought to have done 表示“本应做某事而没做”；
should not/ought not to have done表示“本不应该做而做了”
needn’t have done 表示“本没必要做而做了”
could have done表示“本可以或本应该做某事”
e.g. You should not have missed the chance, because the lecture was wonderful.
你本不应该错过这次机会，因为这次讲座很精彩。
She needn’t have prepared so much food, because we ate some food in advance.
她本没有必要准备那么多食物，因为我们提前吃了一些食物。
1．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise.
A．could B．would C．might D．must
2．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me.
A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell
3．（2024·天津·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement.
A．shall B．would C．must D．may
4．（2024·天津·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You park here.
A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t
5．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so
—Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test.
A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t
6．（2023·天津·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest.
—Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance.
A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make
7．（2023·天津·模拟预测）—Excuse me, what is Nick doing
—Look! He ______ flowers outside.
A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．has watered
8．（2023·天津河西·三模）The boss finally decided to send Ken to Kunming for a business trip, for he ______ there for five years and is familiar with the city.
A．works B．would work C．had worked D．has been working
9．（2023·天津·二模）I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song.
A．bought B．was buying C．has bought D．would buy
10．（2023·天津河西·三模）Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day.
A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited
11．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）It was the first time that he________Xinjiang, and was amazed by the breathtaking scenery.
A．has visited B．had visited C．visited D．would visit
12．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）In the long term, I hope that 20 years from today, I________as a judge.
A．am working B．will be working C．work D．have worked
13．（2023·天津河北·一模）Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, ________ by the volunteer team.
A．have been collected B．was collected C．has been collected D．were collected
14．（2023·天津北辰·模拟预测）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking that building it ________ have been a huge project in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．could D．need
15．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times.
A．should B．must C．would D．need
16．（2023·天津·模拟预测）—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy
—OK. You ___________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
17．（2023·天津·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy
18．（2023·天津·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour
A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall
19．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer start. What’s the matter with it
—Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now.
A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t
20．（2023·天津和平·一模）You________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken
21．（2023·天津和平·一模）—I’m not looking forward to this. It’s going to be a really hard exam.
—Oh,________I’m sure we’ll all get good marks.
A．I can’t agree more. B．You’d better get started.
C．You must be kidding me. D．I won’t worry about it too much.
22．（2023·天津·模拟预测）In the past decades, some number plates _______ extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words.
A．had become B．have become C．has become D．became
23．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A．should B．must C．can D．need
24．（2022·天津西青·模拟预测）—Susan looks a little bit upset. What’s up
—Oh, you are to blame. You ________ a joke on her in front of so many people.
A．shouldn’t play B．shouldn’t have played C．needn’t play D．needn’t have played
25．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter.
A．should B．shall C．can D．may
26．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy Your little sister is still sleeping.
A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t
27．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past.
A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been
28．（2022·天津·一模）Angela reasoned with Simon, trying to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her.
A．can B．would C．must D．should
29．（2022·天津和平·三模）As a smoker, you ________ remember that the damage passive smoking does to
people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious.
A．can B．would C．must D．might
30．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”.
—Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well.
A．should have updated B．must have updated C．couldn’t have updated D．needn’t have updated
31．（2022·天津·模拟预测）I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A．might have；would B．should have had； should
C．could have； should D．must have had； would
32．（2022·天津河西·二模）一Excuse me, can I use your computer to type a report
一You________ have my computer if you take good care of it.
A．shall B．might C．should D．need
33．（2022·天津·二模）This ___________an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.
A．can have been B．should have been C．may have been D．need have been
34．（2022·天津河北·二模）—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed.
—I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here.
A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck
35．（2022·天津·模拟预测）Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ________ they come in right now
A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will
36．（2022·天津南开·一模）—John's gift He ______a better one for me.
—He must be very happy to know it.
A．should have chosen B．may have chosen C．couldn't have chosen D．needn't have chosen
37．（2022·天津·一模）— I think you ________ there in person; a phone call would have been fine.
— It is a good chance to know more of you from your parents.
A．couldn’t have been B．needn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t be
38．（2022·天津宁河·二模）You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A．may not B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
39．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）Before they lost the match last Saturday, Redfen Town ________ every cup
final they had ever played in.
A．had won B．won C．would win D．has won
40．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）—Have you ever visited the Oriental Pearl TV Tower
—Yes. When I was at university in Shanghai, I ________ it twice.
A．visited B．have visited C．had visited D．would visit
