Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Using language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握主语从句的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化主语从句的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 assumption n.假定;假设 *assume vt.假定; 认为
(P5)How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about, because it's not always obvious who is truly happy.我们不应该对别人的感受做出假设, 因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
知识拓展
make an/the assumption 做出假设;假定
on the assumption that... 假定……
assume sb/sth to be... 认为某人/某事是……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……
assuming that... 假设
经典佳句
It was impossible to make assumptions about people's reactions.臆断人们的反应是不可能的。
We make the assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the wedding.我们假定每一个受到邀请的人都会出席此次婚礼。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the (assume)that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centres.
(2)Let us assume it (be) true.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)If there isn't the hard work of the dustman, what can you imagine our environment will be like
→ , what can you imagine our environment will be like (assuming that...)
答案 (1)assumption (2)to be (3)Assuming that there isn't the hard work of the dustman
知识点2 sensitive adj.敏感的 *sensitively adv.谨慎细致地
(P7)He has the outward appearance of the King of the Beasts, but he has a timid and sensitive character,which causes him to believe he is a coward.虽然他有着兽中之王的外表,但他的性格胆小又敏感,这使他相信自己是个懦夫。
知识拓展
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be sensitive about 对……敏感;介意……
图解释义
Her teeth are sensitive to ice cream. 她的牙齿对冰激凌很敏感。
融会应用 Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)As an actress,she is very sensitive everything to do with her.
(2)She is (sense) to what people think of her.
(3)I (sense) that I had made a serious mistake.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)Some plants that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment. 有些植物对污染如此敏感,以至于它们只能在非常干净的环境里生存下去。
答案 (1)about (2)sensitive (3)sensed (4)are so sensitive to pollution
语法探究
主 语 从 句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Your support is important to our work.Whatever you do helps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你做什么都有帮助。
2.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.无论是谁找到他们的书都将去这个地方并记录他们在哪找到的。
3.That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.他们急需帮助,这是十分明显的。
4.Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.会议将在哪里举行还没有宣布。
我的发现
通过观察以上句子,我们发现作主语的从句叫(1)从句,它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词:从属连词that、 whether/if;(2) who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever等;连接副词when、 where、 how、why等。
答案 (1)主语 (2)连接代词
探究点1 引导主语从句的连接词
1.从属连词that和whether/if
that引导主语从句时,在从句中不充当任何成分,仅起连接作用,若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首,则that不能省略,若位于句末,并在句首使用了形式主语it,则that可以省略。whether/if引导主语从句时,在从句中不充当任何成分,起连接作用,但意为“是否”,不可省略。
That she could come to help us made us very happy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
It was a pity (that) you didn't go to the party. 很遗憾你没去参加派对。
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否会来仍是个问题。
It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
【注意】
(1)whether置于句首引导主语从句时,不可用if来替换。
(2)当if引导主语从句时,若it作形式主语,if引导的主语从句后置,此时whether与if可互换。
2.连接代词who、whose、whom、what、which、whichever、whoever、whomever、whatever等
连接代词引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending the industry behind the plastic shopping bag.更有趣的是,Stein的工作之一是保护塑料购物袋背后的行业。(what引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语)
Who will go to the concert is not known.不知道谁会去听音乐会。(who引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语)
Which book they will choose is still unknown.不知道他们会选哪本书。(which引导主语从句,并在从句中作定语)
Whoever breaks the traffic rules should be punished.不论谁违反了交通规则都要受到惩罚。(whoever引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语)
3.连接副词when、where、how、why等
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
When we shall hold our sports meeting has not been decided.我们还没决定何时举行运动会。(when引导主语从句,并在从句中作时间状语)
How they will reach the top of the high mountain is still under discussion.他们仍在讨论如何到达那座高山的山顶。(how引导主语从句,并在从句中作方式状语)
Why we haven't met each other for a long time is that she has gone to work abroad.我们有很长时间没有见面的原因是她去了国外工作。(why引导主语从句,并在从句中作原因状语)
探究点2 主语从句与形式主语it
主语从句中,常用it作形式主语,这也是主语从句常考的考点之一。常见的类型有以下几种:
(1)It is+名词短语+主语从句
(2)It is+形容词+主语从句(在该结构中,若形容词为important、necessary、strange、essential等时,主语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略)
(3)It is+过去分词+主语从句
(4)It seems/appears/occurs to sb/doesn't matter/makes no difference...+主语从句
(5)It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.更有可能的是,没有人开始谈话是因为(我们觉得)它令人尴尬且富有挑战性,或者我们认为这是令人讨厌和不必要的。
It is very important that a student (should) learn English well.学生学好英语很重要。
It is reported that the president will visit some African countries soon.据报道,主席很快会访问非洲的几个国家。
It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.
2.The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
3.It doesn't matter you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
4.It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.
5.Most of has been said about the Smiths is also true of the Johnsons.
6.It is required in the regulations that you (not tell) other people the password of your e-mail account.
7.As many courses are provided, you are free to choose suits you best.
答案 1.that 2.whether 3.whether 4.what
5.what 6.(should) not tell 7.whichever
Ⅱ.选词填空
what; that; whether; why; how; whoever
1.you don't like him is none of my business.
2. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
3. he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
4. they will solve the serious problem has not been decided.
5. he did that wasn't quite clear.
6. he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
答案 1.That 2.Whoever 3.Whether 4.How 5.Why 6.What
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.It is suggested that for employees to learn the latest technology.有人建议我们给员工提供学习最新技术的机会。
2. we cannot solve the problem.很可惜,我们不能解决这个问题。
3. is to think of new ways to improve the situation.我们需要做的是想出新办法来改善现状。
4. has not been decided.我们要去哪儿度假还没有决定。
5. isn't clear.他没有通过生物考试的原因还不清楚。
6. is not important.谁打的长途电话并不重要。
7.It is necessary .我们吃早餐是有必要的。
答案 1.we (should) provide opportunities 2.It is a pity that 3.What we need to do 4.Where we will spend our holiday 5.Why he failed the biology exam 6.Who made the long distance call 7.that we (should) have breakfast
2(共23张PPT)
Unit 1 Face values
Section Ⅱ Using language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过对教材课文的阅读，在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握主语从句的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化主语从句的用法，并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 assumption n.假定；假设 ＊assume vt.假定；认为
（P5）How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about， because it's not always obvious who is truly happy.我们不应该对别人的感受做出假设， 因为谁真正快乐并不总是显而易见的。
知识拓展
make an/the assumption 做出假设；假定
on the assumption that... 假定……
assume sb/sth to be... 认为某人/某事是……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……
assuming that... 假设
经典佳句
It was impossible to make assumptions about people's reactions.臆断人们的反应是不可能的。
We make the assumption that everyone invited will turn up at the wedding.我们假定每一个受到邀请的人都会出席此次婚礼。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on
the___________（assume）that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the
visitors' centres.
assumption
（2）Let us assume it______（be） true.
to be
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）If there isn't the hard work of the dustman， what can you imagine our
environment will be like？
→__________________________________________________， what can you imagine
our environment will be like？（assuming that...）
Assuming that there isn't the hard work of the dustman
知识点2 sensitive adj.敏感的 ＊sensitively adv.谨慎细致地
（P7）He has the outward appearance of the King of the Beasts， but he has a timid and sensitive character，which causes him to believe he is a coward.虽然他有着兽中之王的外表，但他的性格胆小又敏感，这使他相信自己是个懦夫。
知识拓展
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be sensitive about 对……敏感；介意……
图解释义
Her teeth are sensitive to ice cream. 她的牙齿对冰激凌很敏感。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）As an actress，she is very sensitive ______everything to do with her.
about
（2）She is _________（sense） to what people think of her.
sensitive
（3）I _______（sense） that I had made a serious mistake.
sensed
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Some plants __________________________ that they can only survive in a
perfectly clean environment. 有些植物对污染如此敏感，以至于它们只能在非常干净的
环境里生存下去。
are so sensitive to pollution
主语从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子，并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Your support is important to our work.Whatever you do helps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你做什么都有帮助。
2.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.无论是谁找到他们的书都将去这个地方并记录他们在哪找到的。
3.That they are badly in need of help is quite clear.他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。
4.Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.会议将在哪里举行还没有宣布。
我的发现 通过观察以上句子，我们发现作主语的从句叫（1）______从句，它是
名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词：从属连词that、 whether/if；（2）
__________ who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whomever、whatever、
whichever等；连接副词when、 where、 how、why等。
主语
连接代词
探究点1 引导主语从句的连接词
1.从属连词that和whether/if
that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that不能省略，若位于句末，并在句首使用了形式主语it，则that可以省略。whether/if引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但意为“是否”，不可省略。
That she could come to help us made us very happy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。
It was a pity （that） you didn't go to the party. 很遗憾你没去参加派对。
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否会来仍是个问题。
It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
【注意】
（1）whether置于句首引导主语从句时，不可用if来替换。
（2）当if引导主语从句时，若it作形式主语，if引导的主语从句后置，此时whether与if可互换。
2.连接代词who、whose、whom、what、which、whichever、whoever、whomever、whatever等
连接代词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending the industry behind the plastic shopping bag.更有趣的是，Stein的工作之一是保护塑料购物袋背后的行业。（what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语）
Who will go to the concert is not known.不知道谁会去听音乐会。（who引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语）
Which book they will choose is still unknown.不知道他们会选哪本书。（which引导主语从句，并在从句中作定语）
Whoever breaks the traffic rules should be punished.不论谁违反了交通规则都要受到惩罚。（whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语）
3.连接副词when、where、how、why等
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
When we shall hold our sports meeting has not been decided.我们还没决定何时举行运动会。（when引导主语从句，并在从句中作时间状语）
How they will reach the top of the high mountain is still under discussion.他们仍在讨论如何到达那座高山的山顶。（how引导主语从句，并在从句中作方式状语）
Why we haven't met each other for a long time is that she has gone to work abroad.我们有很长时间没有见面的原因是她去了国外工作。（why引导主语从句，并在从句中作原因状语）
探究点2 主语从句与形式主语it
主语从句中，常用it作形式主语，这也是主语从句常考的考点之一。常见的类型有以下几种:
（1）It is+名词短语+主语从句
（2）It is+形容词+主语从句（在该结构中，若形容词为important、necessary、strange、essential等时，主语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
（3）It is+过去分词+主语从句
（4）It seems/appears/occurs to sb/doesn't matter/makes no difference...+主语从句
（5）It+及物动词+宾语+that从句
It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging， or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.更有可能的是，没有人开始谈话是因为（我们觉得）它令人尴尬且富有挑战性，或者我们认为这是令人讨厌和不必要的。
It is very important that a student （should） learn English well.学生学好英语很重要。
It is reported that the president will visit some African countries soon.据报道，主席很快会访问非洲的几个国家。
It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.It suddenly occurred to him _____he had left his keys in the office.
that
2.The limits of a person's intelligence， generally speaking， are fixed at birth， but
________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
whether
3.It doesn't matter________ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to
the park.
whether
4.It is by no means clear ______the president can do to end the strike.
what
5.Most of ______has been said about the Smiths is also true of the Johnsons.
what
6.It is required in the regulations that you __________________（not tell） other
people the password of your e-mail account.
（should） not tell
7.As many courses are provided， you are free to choose __________suits you best.
whichever
Ⅱ.选词填空
what； that； whether； why； how； whoever
1._____you don't like him is none of my business.
That
2._________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
Whoever
3._________he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
Whether
4.______they will solve the serious problem has not been decided.
How
5.______he did that wasn't quite clear.
Why
6.______he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
What
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.It is suggested that _________________________________for employees to learn the
latest technology.有人建议我们给员工提供学习最新技术的机会。
we （should） provide opportunities
2._______________we cannot solve the problem.很可惜，我们不能解决这个问题。
It is a pity that
3.____________________is to think of new ways to improve the situation.我们需要做
的是想出新办法来改善现状。
What we need to do
4._______________________________has not been decided.我们要去哪儿度假还没有决
定。
Where we will spend our holiday
5.______________________________isn't clear.他没有通过生物考试的原因还不清楚。
Why he failed the biology exam
6.______________________________is not important.谁打的长途电话并不重要。
Who made the long distance call
7.It is necessary _______________________________.我们吃早餐是有必要的。
that we （should） have breakfast
