Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
【学习目标】
1.了解课文大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,思维品质)
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点。(语言能力)
3.通过阅读熟悉因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Match the main idea with each paragraph according to the passage on Pages 56-57.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5 ( )6.Para.6
A.Tao's return to nature.
B.The feature of Tao's nature.
C.Thoreau's return to nature.
D.The feature of Thoreau's nature.
E.The benefits of returning to nature.
F.Living in different times, Tao Yuanming and Thoreau shared the same respect for nature.
答案 1~6 FACBDE
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 56-57 and choose the best answers.
1.Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court
A.Because he was an influential figure of their day.
B.Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C.Because he wanted to work the land.
D.Because he liked living in a rural area.
2.How did Thoreau feel about his life in the forest
A.Pleased.
B.Puzzled.
C.Disappointed.
D.Bored.
3.What did Thoreau describe in his writings
A.Fields and villages.
B.Chickens and dogs.
C.Animals and plants.
D.Mountains and rivers.
4.What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and fulfilment
A.Live closer to nature.
B.Increase material desires.
C.Walk a lot in the forest.
D.Share a respect for nature.
答案 1~4 BACA
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 withdraw v.退出 *withdrawal n. 收回;取回;撤回;撤退;撤走;取款
(P57)Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life,seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.两人都乐于从当代的生活中抽身而退,在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。
知识拓展
withdraw from 从……撤出;撤回
withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款
withdraw one's eyes from 把视线从……移开(不再看……)
withdraw a remark 收回发言
经典佳句
It is still unknown how many troops the invader will withdraw at the current stage and when it will finish a complete withdrawal.目前尚不清楚入侵者将撤出多少部队,何时完成全面撤出。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Tell the men to withdraw their new position.
(2)I'd like to withdraw 1,000 dollars my savings account and put it in my cheque account.
(3)He has made several (withdraw) from his bank account.
答案 (1)from (2)from (3)withdrawals
知识点2 resign v. 使自己顺从于(做)某事; 安于; 辞职; 辞去(工作、职位等) *resignation n.辞职
(P57)Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. 好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸(新鲜的)空气, 畅饮(美)酒, 品尝水果, 尽情享受这一切。
知识拓展
resign from... 从……辞职
resign one's post/position辞去职务
resign oneself to (doing)sth听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事
resign...to... 把……托付给……
经典佳句
Mr White resigned his directorship last year because of his bad health.由于健康状况不佳,怀特先生去年辞去了董事的职务。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I resign my son your care while I am away.
(2)You must resign yourselves to (wait)a bit longer.
(3)She resigned the committee because she needed to take care of her disabled husband.
答案 (1)to (2)waiting (3)from
知识点3 ease n.舒适;放松;悠闲vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑);缓和 * easy adj.容易的;不费力的;舒适的
(P57)In today's modern world,their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.在当今现代世界里,他们关于简朴生活及与自然和谐相处的思想可能会让我们离获得个人安乐和满足更近一步。
知识拓展
take one's ease 使某人放松一下
at ease 舒适;快活;自由自在
put sb at ease 使某人感到轻松自在;使某人安心
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
with ease 容易地;毫不费劲地
ease sb of sth 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
图解释义
The strong man can lift the rock with ease compared with the other man.与另一个男人相比,这个强壮的男人可以轻松地举起石头。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)I don't in this strange place.在这个陌生的地方,我觉得不自在。
(2)Now he can because he has passed the examination .现在他可以放心了,因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。
答案 (1)feel at ease (2)put his mind at ease;with ease
知识点4 evaluate v.评估;评价 *evaluation n. 估计;评价
(P58)A comparative essay compares,contrasts and evaluates two or more topics.比较类文章比较、对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。
知识拓展
evaluate sb on/by... 根据……评价某人
make an evaluation of... 对……进行评估
经典佳句
A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.提高你的评估能力的关键第一步是仔细查看你的健康信息来源。
I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看到他的工作情况,无法评论他的能力。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)We need to learn how (evaluate)them properly.
(2)The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their (evaluate)of the service.
答案 (1)to evaluate (2)evaluation
写作探究
因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文,此类文章属于夹叙夹议类小短文。写作通常需包含“谁 干了什么事 结果如何 ”等,然后再谈谈从这次经历中得出了什么经验。需要注意的是:
1.叙事时态多用一般过去时,表达看法和感受多用一般现在时;
2.人称以第一和第三人称为主;
3.叙事衔接恰当,常见的衔接词有(just)then、after (that)、when、as soon as等。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.to live a better life为了过更好的生活
2.thank you very much for your concern非常感谢你的关心
3.have problems with their noses and lungs他们的鼻子和肺有问题
4.have to take action to protect our environment必须采取措施来保护我们的环境
5.be nowhere to find无处可寻
6.be to blame for it要为此负责
7.waste plenty of resources浪费大量的资源
8.make the world a pleasant place to live in让世界成为一个宜居的地方
9.learn a lesson from this failure从这次失败中吸取教训
10.the lesson from my previous mistake以往的错误给我的教训
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Once lost,they can never be replaced.一旦失去,它们永远无法被替代。
2.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.这对我是个警告,让我以后要多加小心。
3.Improper human activities contribute a lot to those disasters.不适当的人类活动导致了这些灾难。
4.So it is high time that we protected our environment.所以,是时候保护我们的环境了。
5.Only if we stop damaging the environment and do our best to protect it can we make the world a pleasant place to live in.只有我们停止破坏环境,并尽最大的努力去保护它,我们才能使世界成为一个宜居的地方。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
请你观察自然界中的蚂蚁,并写一篇以“A Life Lesson from Ants”为题的短文。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
(1) 如此接近; 这么密切; 如此亲密
(2) 坚持不懈; 锲而不舍; 毅力
(3) 因此
(4) 一个接一个
(5) 日复一日
答案 (1)so close (2)perseverance (3)as a result
(4)one by one (5)day in and day out
2.翻译句子
(1)当我观察蚂蚁时,我把我的脸贴近蚁穴。
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(2)我不小心把它弄翻了,所有的隧道都塌陷了。
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答案
(1)While I was observing the ants, I put my face close to the ant hole.
(2)I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels.
Step 3 句式升级
将上题中的句(1)改为省略句,并用so...that...连接上题中的句(1)和句(2)
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答案 While observing the ants, I put my face so close to the ant hole that I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
A Life Lesson from Ants
I learned a life lesson from an ant hole.When I was seven years old,I brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into a new home.On the fifth day,a disaster struck the ant hole.While observing the ants,I put my face so close to the ant hole that I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels.As a result,one by one they began to die.
Over the years,I came to realise the ants were able to create an amazing world for themselves by working together.Day in and day out,the ant hole demonstrated that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key ingredients to success.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
主题写作
下面是一幅有关自然现象的图。请你根据这幅图以“Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots”为题写一篇短文,谈一谈这幅图表现的自然现象以及你从中领悟到的道理。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.标题已给出,不计入总词数。
Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots
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参考范文
Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots
The picture above shows when autumn arrives,leaves from trees will fall to the ground.The fallen leaves gather around the tree in order to cultivate the tree's roots, which symbolize one's motherland.
More and more overseas Chinese are returning or have already returned to China.While they have spent a long time abroad,regardless of the life they may have led,they will return to their home.Grateful for their motherland's nourishment and support,they return to contribute to constructing their homeland with the knowledge,experience and wealth gained abroad.
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.I am amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20,000 pieces of art and that he wasn't just a painter.得知毕加索创作了两万多件艺术作品且他不仅仅是一位画家时,我感到惊讶。
2.Collectively called the Four Books and the Five Classics, they cover such a wide range of subjects as literature, history, philosophy,politics,economics,education, moral ethics,geology,arts, science and technology, etc.它们统称为“四书五经”,内容涉及文学、史学、哲学、政治学、经济学、教育、道德伦理学、地质学、艺术、科技等各个方面。
3.Work hard while/when young, or you'll regret it.少壮不努力, 老大徒伤悲。
4.What college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dream is to have well-paid jobs where they can live their lives to the fullest.大学生主要关心的是就业, 他们的梦想是有高薪的工作, 让他们可以过上最充实的生活。
5.I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do.Now he feels at ease.我告诉他该做什么使他摆脱了困难。现在他感到很自在。
英美文化
美篇导读
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是十九世纪英国作家刘易斯·卡罗尔创作的著名儿童文学作品。它讲述了一个名叫爱丽丝的英国小女孩为了追逐一只揣着怀表、会说话的兔子而不慎掉入了兔子洞,从而进入了一个神奇的国度并经历了一系列奇幻冒险的故事。
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是十九世纪最具影响力的荒诞小说之一,它也对后来的异世界奇幻小说《绿野仙踪》《纳尼亚传奇》等具有直接启发意义。
自1865年出版以来,《爱丽丝梦游仙境》已经被翻译成至少125种语言,衍生产物涉及绘画、音乐、戏剧、服饰、电影、电视剧、广播剧和游戏等诸多领域。
美篇呈现
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Excerpt)
There was a table under a tree outside the house,and the March Hare and the Hatter were having tea.A Dormouse was sitting between them,asleep.The three of them were all sitting together at one corner of the table,but the table was large and there were many other seats.Alice sat down in a big chair at one end.
“Have some coffee,” the March Hare said in a friendly voice①.
Alice looked all round the table,but she could only see a teapot.“I don't see any coffee,”she said.
“There isn't any,” said the March Hare.
“Then why did you ask me to have some ” said Alice crossly②.“It wasn't very polite of you.”
“It wasn't very polite of you to sit down.We haven't invited you to tea,” said the March Hare.
“But there are lots of seats,”said Alice.
“Your hair's too long,” said the Hatter,looking at Alice with interest.
“It's not polite to say things like that,”said Alice.
The Hatter looked surprised,but he said, “Why is a bird like a desk ”
Alice was pleased.She enjoyed playing wordgames,so she said,“That's an easy question.”
“Do you mean you know the answer ” said the March Hare.
“Yes,” said Alice.
“Then you must say what you mean,”the March Hare said.
“I do,” Alice said quickly.“Well,I mean what I say.And that's the same thing,you know.”
“No,it isn't!” said the Hatter.“Listen to this.‘I see what I eat’ means one thing,but ‘I eat what I see’ means something very different.”
Alice did not know what to say to this.So she took some tea and some bread-and-butter while she thought about it.The Dormouse woke up for a minute and then went to sleep again.After a while the Hatter took out his watch,shook it,then looked at it sadly.
“Two days slow!I told you that butter wasn't good for watches!” he said angrily to the March Hare.
“It was the best butter,” said the March Hare sadly.
Alice was looking at the watch with interest.“It's a strange watch,” she said.“It shows the day of the week,but not the time.”
“But we know the time,” said the Hatter.“It's always six o'clock here.”
Alice suddenly understood.“Is that why there are all these cups and plates ” she said.“It's always tea-time here,and you go on moving round the table.Is that right But what happens when you come to the beginning again ”
“Don't ask questions,”said the March Hare crossly,“you must tell us a story now.”
“But I don't know any stories,” said Alice.
Then the March Hare and the Hatter turned to the Dormouse.“Wake up,Dormouse!” they shouted loudly in its ears.“Tell us a story.”
“Yes,please do,” said Alice.
The Dormouse woke up and quickly began to tell a story,but a few minutes later it was asleep again.The March Hare poured a little hot tea on its nose,and the Hatter began to look for a clean plate.Alice decided to leave and walked away into the wood.She looked back once,and the March Hare and the Hatter were trying to put the Dormouse into the teapot.
“Well,I won't go there again,”said Alice,“What a stupid tea-party it was!”Just then she saw a door in one of the trees.“How curious!”she thought.“But everything is strange today.I think I'll go in.”
So she went in.And there she was,back in the long room with the little glass table.At once,she picked up the gold key from the table,unlocked the little door into the garden,and then began to eat a piece of mushroom.When she was down to about thirty centimetres high,she walked through the door,and then,at last,she was in the beautiful garden with its green trees and bright flowers.
爱丽丝梦游仙境(节选)
房子外的树下有一张桌子,三月兔和制帽人正在喝茶。有只睡鼠正坐在他们中间,睡着了。他们三个正一起坐在桌子的一角,可桌子很大,还有很多座位。爱丽丝在一头的一把大椅子上坐下来。
“请喝点咖啡吧,”三月兔友好地说。
爱丽丝看看桌子周围,但她只看到一个茶壶。“我没有看见咖啡,”她说。
“是没有咖啡,”三月兔说。
“那你为什么叫我喝呢 ”爱丽丝生气地说,“你很没礼貌。”
“你自己坐下来就很不礼貌,我们没邀请你喝茶,”三月兔说。
“但这儿有很多座位,”爱丽丝说。
“你的头发太长了,”制帽人说。他很感兴趣地看着爱丽丝。
“说这样的事才没礼貌呢,”爱丽丝说。
制帽人看起来很吃惊,但他说:“为什么鸟像桌子 ”
爱丽丝高兴起来。她喜欢玩拼字游戏,所以她说:“这个问题很简单。”
“你是说你知道答案 ”三月兔说。
“是的,”爱丽丝说。
“那你得说你是怎么想的,”三月兔说。
“当然,”爱丽丝赶忙说,“我说的就是我想的。你该知道,这是一样的。”
“不,不是!”制帽人说,“听着,‘我明白我吃什么’是一回事,而‘我吃我看见的’是另一回事,这是很不同的。”
爱丽丝对这点不知该说什么好。因此她一边思考这事儿,一边喝了点茶,吃了点黄油面包。睡鼠醒了一会儿又睡了。过了一会儿,制帽人掏出自己的手表,摇晃了一下,伤心地看了又看。
“慢了两天!我告诉过你,黄油对表没好处!”他气哼哼地对三月兔说。
“这是最好的黄油,”三月兔难过地说。
爱丽丝好奇地看了看表。“这表真奇怪,”她说,“它只显示星期几,不显示时间。”
“可我们知道时间,”制帽人说,“在这儿永远是六点钟。”
爱丽丝一下子明白了。“这就是有所有这些杯子和盘子的原因吗 ”她说,“这儿永远是喝茶的时间,你们就一直绕着桌子转。对不对 但你们又回到开始后又会怎么样呢 ”
“别问来问去,”三月兔生气地说,“你现在得给我们讲个故事。”
“可是我什么故事也不知道,”爱丽丝说。
然后三月兔和制帽人转向睡鼠。“醒醒,睡鼠!”他们冲着它的耳朵喊起来,“给我们讲个故事。”
“对,请讲个故事吧,”爱丽丝说。
睡鼠醒了,马上开始讲故事。可过了几分钟,它又睡着了。三月兔倒了一点点热茶在睡鼠的鼻子上,制帽人开始找一个干净的盘子。爱丽丝决定离开,就进了小树林。她回头一看,三月兔和制帽人正想法子把睡鼠塞到茶壶里去呢。
“我再也不到那儿去了,”爱丽丝说,“这茶会真愚蠢!”就在这时,她看见一棵树上有一扇门。“真奇怪!”她想,“但今天什么事都很奇怪。我想我该进去。”
于是她走了进去。她又回到那个有张小玻璃桌的长长的房间里。她马上从桌子上拿起那个金钥匙,打开通往花园的小门,再吃一片蘑菇。当自己缩小到差不多30厘米高时,她就穿过门,终于又到了那个美丽的花园,里面尽是绿树和亮丽的鲜花。
知识积累
①in a(n)...voice以……的声音
②crossly adv.生气地
素养链接
刘易斯·卡罗尔(Lewis Carroll),是英国数学家、逻辑学家、童话作家、牧师、摄影师。他生性腼腆,患有严重的口吃 ,但兴趣广泛,对小说、诗歌、逻辑、儿童摄影等颇有造诣。他毕业于牛津大学,著有不少散文与打油诗,著名的诗集有《蛇鲨之猎》(1876),其中创造的新词Snark(蛇鲨)被英语词典收录。
他所作童话《爱丽丝梦游仙境》(1865)与《爱丽丝镜中奇遇记》(1871)为其代表作品,通过虚幻荒诞的情节,描绘了童趣横生的世界,亦揶揄19世纪后期英国社会的世道人情,含有大量逻辑与文字游戏及仿拟的诗歌,这些童话书里含有的许多最纯真的哲理被人们广为流传。
2(共49张PPT)
Unit 5 Learning from nature
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
1.了解课文大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，思维品质）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Match the main idea with each paragraph according to the passage on Pages 56-57.
A.Tao's return to nature.
B.The feature of Tao's nature.
C.Thoreau's return to nature.
D.The feature of Thoreau's nature.
E.The benefits of returning to nature.
F.Living in different times, Tao Yuanming and Thoreau shared the same respect for nature.
1.Para.1 ( )
F
2.Para.2( )
A
3.Para.3( )
C
4.Para.4( )
B
5.Para.5( )
D
6.Para.6( )
E
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 56-57 and choose the best answers.
1.Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court ( )
B
A.Because he was an influential figure of their day.
B.Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
C.Because he wanted to work the land.
D.Because he liked living in a rural area.
2.How did Thoreau feel about his life in the forest ( )
A
A.Pleased. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Bored.
3.What did Thoreau describe in his writings ( )
C
A.Fields and villages. B.Chickens and dogs.
C.Animals and plants. D.Mountains and rivers.
4.What should we do if we want to attain personal well-being and fulfilment ( )
A
A.Live closer to nature. B.Increase material desires.
C.Walk a lot in the forest. D.Share a respect for nature.
核心单词
知识点1 withdraw v.退出 ＊withdrawal n.收回；取回；撤回；撤退；撤走；取款
（P57）Both men were happy towithdraw from contemporary life,seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.两人都乐于从当代的生活中抽身而退,在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。
知识拓展
withdraw from 从……撤出；撤回
withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款
withdraw one's eyes from 把视线从……移开（不再看……）
withdraw a remark 收回发言
经典佳句
It is still unknown how many troops the invader will withdraw at the current stage and when itwill finish a complete withdrawal．目前尚不清楚入侵者将撤出多少部队，何时完成全面撤出。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Tell the men to withdraw ______their new position.
from
（2）I'd like to withdraw 1,000 dollars ______my savings account and put it in my
cheque account.
from
（3）He has made several ___________（withdraw） from his bank account.
withdrawals
知识点2 resign v.使自己顺从于（做）某事；安于；辞职；辞去（工作、职位等） ＊resignation n.辞职
（P57）Live in each season as it passes； breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, andresign yourself to the influences of each. 好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸（新鲜的）空气, 畅饮（美）酒, 品尝水果, 尽情享受这一切。
知识拓展
resign from... 从……辞职
resign one's post/position辞去职务
resign oneself to （doing）sth听任/顺从/只好接受（做）某事
resign...to... 把……托付给……
经典佳句
Mr White resigned his directorship last year because of his bad health.由于健康状况不佳，怀特先生去年辞去了董事的职务。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I resign my son ___ your care while I am away.
to
（2）You must resign yourselves to ________（wait）a bit longer.
waiting
（3）She resigned ______ the committee because she needed to take care of her
disabled husband.
from
知识点3 ease n.舒适；放松；悠闲 vt.减轻（痛苦、忧虑）；缓和 ＊ easy adj.容易的；不费力的；舒适的
（P57）In today's modern world，their ideas about living simply and being atease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.在当今现代世界里，他们关于简朴生活及与自然和谐相处的思想可能会让我们离获得个人安乐和满足更近一步。
知识拓展
take one's ease 使某人放松一下
at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在
put sb at ease 使某人感到轻松自在；使某人安心
feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松
with ease 容易地；毫不费劲地
ease sb of sth 减轻某人的（痛苦、负担等）
图解释义
The strong man can lift the rock with ease compared with the other man.与另一个男人相比，这个强壮的男人可以轻松地举起石头。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）I don't ____________in this strange place.在这个陌生的地方,我觉得不自在。
feel at ease
（2）Now he can ____________________because he has passed the
examination__________.现在他可以放心了,因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。
put his mind at ease
with ease
知识点4 evaluate v.评估；评价 ＊evaluation n.估计；评价
（P58）A comparative essay compares，contrasts and evaluates two or more topics.比较类文章比较、对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。
知识拓展
evaluate sb on/by... 根据……评价某人
make an evaluation of... 对……进行评估
经典佳句
key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.提高你的评估能力的关键第一步是仔细查看你的健康信息来源。
I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看到他的工作情况,无法评论他的能力。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）We need to learn how___________（evaluate）them properly.
to evaluate
（2）The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their__________
（evaluate）of the service.
evaluation
因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇因违背自然规律而得到经验的短文，此类文章属于夹叙夹议类小短文。写作通常需包含“谁？干了什么事？结果如何？”等，然后再谈谈从这次经历中得出了什么经验。需要注意的是：
1.叙事时态多用一般过去时，表达看法和感受多用一般现在时；
2.人称以第一和第三人称为主；
3.叙事衔接恰当，常见的衔接词有（just）then、after （that）、when、as soon as等。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.to live a better life为了过更好的生活
2.thank you very much for your concern非常感谢你的关心
3.have problems with their noses and lungs他们的鼻子和肺有问题
4.have to take action to protect our environment必须采取措施来保护我们的环境
5.be nowhere to find无处可寻
6.be to blame for it要为此负责
7.waste plenty of resources浪费大量的资源
8.make the world a pleasant place to live in让世界成为一个宜居的地方
9.learn a lesson from this failure从这次失败中吸取教训
10.the lesson from my previous mistake以往的错误给我的教训
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Once lost，they can never be replaced.一旦失去，它们永远无法被替代。
2.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.这对我是个警告，让我以后要多加小心。
3.Improper human activities contribute a lot to those disasters.不适当的人类活动导致了这些灾难。
4.So it is high time that we protected our environment.所以，是时候保护我们的环境了。
5.Only if we stop damaging the environment and do our best to protect it can we make the world a pleasant place to live in.只有我们停止破坏环境，并尽最大的努力去保护它，我们才能使世界成为一个宜居的地方。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
请你观察自然界中的蚂蚁,并写一篇以“A Life Lesson from Ants”为题的短文。
注意： 1．词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.翻译词汇
（1）_________如此接近； 这么密切； 如此亲密
so close
（2）____________坚持不懈； 锲而不舍； 毅力
perseverance
（3）___________因此
as a result
（4）___________一个接一个
one by one
（5）__________________日复一日
day in and day out
2.翻译句子
（1）当我观察蚂蚁时，我把我的脸贴近蚁穴。
______________________________________________________________
While I was observing the ants, I put my face close to the ant hole.
（2）我不小心把它弄翻了，所有的隧道都塌陷了。
________________________________________________________________
I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels.
Step 3 句式升级
将上题中的句（1）改为省略句，并用so...that...连接上题中的句（1）和句（2）
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
While observing the ants, I put my face so close to the ant hole that I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
A Life Lesson from Ants
I learned a life lesson from an ant hole. When I was seven years old,I brought some ants from the backyard and placed them into a new home. On the fifth day,a disaster struck the ant hole. While observing the ants,I put my face so close to the ant hole that I accidentally tipped it over, resulting in the collapse of all the tunnels. As a result,one by one they began to die.
Over the years,I came to realise the ants were able to create an amazing world for themselves by working together. Day in and day out,the ant hole demonstrated that teamwork and perseverance are indeed two key ingredients to success.
主题写作
下面是一幅有关自然现象的图。请你根据这幅图以“Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots”为题写一篇短文，谈一谈这幅图表现的自然现象以及你从中领悟到的道理。
注意： 1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.标题已给出，不计入总词数。
Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots
参考范文
Fallen Leaves Are Destined to Return to Their Roots
The picture above shows when autumn arrives，leaves from trees will fall to the ground. The fallen leaves gather around the tree in order to cultivate the tree's roots, which symbolize one's motherland.
More and more overseas Chinese are returning or have already returned to China. While they have spent a long time abroad，regardless of the life they may have led，they will return to their home. Grateful for their motherland's nourishment and support，they return to contribute to constructing their homeland with the knowledge，experience and wealth gained abroad.
1.I am amazed to learn that Picasso produced more than 20,000 pieces of art and that he wasn't just a painter.得知毕加索创作了两万多件艺术作品且他不仅仅是一位画家时，我感到惊讶。
2.Collectively called the Four Books and the Five Classics, they cover such a wide range of subjects as literature, history, philosophy,politics,economics,education, moral ethics,geology,arts, science and technology, etc.它们统称为“四书五经”，内容涉及文学、史学、哲学、政治学、经济学、教育、道德伦理学、地质学、艺术、科技等各个方面。
3.Work hard while/when young, or you'll regret it.少壮不努力, 老大徒伤悲。
4.What college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dream is to have well-paid jobs where they can live their lives to the fullest.大学生主要关心的是就业, 他们的梦想是有高薪的工作, 让他们可以过上最充实的生活。
5.I eased him of his difficulty by telling him what to do. Now he feels at ease.我告诉他该做什么使他摆脱了困难。现在他感到很自在。
美篇导读
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是十九世纪英国作家刘易斯·卡罗尔创作的著名儿童文学作品。它讲述了一个名叫爱丽丝的英国小女孩为了追逐一只揣着怀表、会说话的兔子而不慎掉入了兔子洞，从而进入了一个神奇的国度并经历了一系列奇幻冒险的故事。
《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是十九世纪最具影响力的荒诞小说之一，它也对后来的异世界奇幻小说《绿野仙踪》《纳尼亚传奇》等具有直接启发意义。
自1865年出版以来，《爱丽丝梦游仙境》已经被翻译成至少125种语言，衍生产物涉及绘画、音乐、戏剧、服饰、电影、电视剧、广播剧和游戏等诸多领域。
美篇呈现
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland （Excerpt）
There was a table under a tree outside the house，and the March Hare and the Hatter were having tea. A Dormouse was sitting between them，asleep. The three of them were all sitting together at one corner of the table，but the table was large and there were many other seats. Alice sat down in a big chair at one end．
“Have some coffee，” the March Hare said in a friendly voice①．
Alice looked all round the table，but she could only see a teapot.“I don't see any coffee，”she said．
“There isn't any，” said the March Hare．
“Then why did you ask me to have some？” said Alicecrossly②.“It wasn't very polite of you.”
“It wasn't very polite of you to sit down. We haven't invited you to tea，” said the March Hare．
“But there are lots of seats，”said Alice．
“Your hair's too long，” said the Hatter，looking at Alice with interest．
“It's not polite to say things like that，”said Alice．
The Hatter looked surprised，but he said， “Why is a bird like a desk？”
Alice was pleased. She enjoyed playing wordgames，so she said，“That's an easy question.”
“Do you mean you know the answer？” said the March Hare．
“Yes，” said Alice．
“Then you must say what you mean，”the March Hare said．
“I do，” Alice said quickly.“Well，I mean what I say. And that's the same thing，you know.”
“No，it isn't！” said the Hatter.“Listen to this.‘I see what I eat’ means one thing，but ‘I eat what I see’ means something very different.”
Alice did not know what to say to this. So she took some tea and some bread-and-butter while she thought about it. The Dormouse woke up for a minute and then went to sleep again. After a while the Hatter took out his watch，shook it，then looked at it sadly．
“Two days slow！I told you that butter wasn't good for watches！” he said angrily to the March Hare．
“It was the best butter，” said the March Hare sadly．
Alice was looking at the watch with interest.“It's a strange watch，” she said.“It shows the day of the week，but not the time.”
“But we know the time，” said the Hatter.“It's always six o'clock here.”
Alice suddenly understood.“Is that why there are all these cups and plates？” she said.“It's always tea-time here，and you go on moving round the table. Is that right？But what happens when you come to the beginning again？”
“Don't ask questions，”said the March Hare crossly,“you must tell us a story now.”
“But I don't know any stories,” said Alice．
Then the March Hare and the Hatter turned to the Dormouse.“Wake up，Dormouse！” they shouted loudly in its ears.“Tell us a story.”
“Yes，please do，” said Alice．
The Dormouse woke up and quickly began to tell a story，but a few minutes later it was asleep again. The March Hare poured a little hot tea on its nose，and the Hatter began to look for a clean plate. Alice decided to leave and walked away into the wood. She looked back once，and the March Hare and the Hatter were trying to put the Dormouse into the teapot．
“Well，I won't go there again，”said Alice,“What a stupid tea-party it was！”Just then she saw a door in one of the trees.“How curious！”she thought.“But everything is strange today. I think I'll go in.”
So she went in. And there she was，back in the long room with the little glass table. At once，she picked up the gold key from the table，unlocked the little door into the garden，and then began to eat a piece of mushroom. When she was down to about thirty centimetres high，she walked through the door，and then，at last，she was in the beautiful garden with its green trees and bright flowers．
爱丽丝梦游仙境（节选）
房子外的树下有一张桌子，三月兔和制帽人正在喝茶。有只睡鼠正坐在他们中间，睡着了。他们三个正一起坐在桌子的一角，可桌子很大，还有很多座位。爱丽丝在一头的一把大椅子上坐下来。
“请喝点咖啡吧,”三月兔友好地说。
爱丽丝看看桌子周围，但她只看到一个茶壶。“我没有看见咖啡,”她说。
“是没有咖啡,”三月兔说。
“那你为什么叫我喝呢？”爱丽丝生气地说，“你很没礼貌。”
“你自己坐下来就很不礼貌,我们没邀请你喝茶,”三月兔说。
“但这儿有很多座位,”爱丽丝说。
“你的头发太长了,”制帽人说。他很感兴趣地看着爱丽丝。
“说这样的事才没礼貌呢,”爱丽丝说。
制帽人看起来很吃惊，但他说:“为什么鸟像桌子？”
爱丽丝高兴起来。她喜欢玩拼字游戏,所以她说:“这个问题很简单。”
“你是说你知道答案？”三月兔说。
“是的，”爱丽丝说。
“那你得说你是怎么想的，”三月兔说。
“当然，”爱丽丝赶忙说,“我说的就是我想的。你该知道，这是一样的。”
“不，不是！”制帽人说，“听着，‘我明白我吃什么’是一回事，而‘我吃我看见的’是另一回事，这是很不同的。”
爱丽丝对这点不知该说什么好。因此她一边思考这事儿，一边喝了点茶，吃了点黄油面包。睡鼠醒了一会儿又睡了。过了一会儿，制帽人掏出自己的手表，摇晃了一下，伤心地看了又看。
“慢了两天！我告诉过你，黄油对表没好处！”他气哼哼地对三月兔说。
“这是最好的黄油，”三月兔难过地说。
爱丽丝好奇地看了看表。“这表真奇怪，”她说,“它只显示星期几，不显示时间。”
“可我们知道时间，”制帽人说,“在这儿永远是六点钟。”
爱丽丝一下子明白了。“这就是有所有这些杯子和盘子的原因吗？”她说，“这儿永远是喝茶的时间，你们就一直绕着桌子转。对不对？但你们又回到开始后又会怎么样呢？”
“别问来问去，”三月兔生气地说,“你现在得给我们讲个故事。”
“可是我什么故事也不知道，”爱丽丝说。
然后三月兔和制帽人转向睡鼠。“醒醒，睡鼠！”他们冲着它的耳朵喊起来，“给我们讲个故事。”
“对，请讲个故事吧,”爱丽丝说。
睡鼠醒了，马上开始讲故事。可过了几分钟，它又睡着了。三月兔倒了一点点热茶在睡鼠的鼻子上，制帽人开始找一个干净的盘子。爱丽丝决定离开，就进了小树林。她回头一看，三月兔和制帽人正想法子把睡鼠塞到茶壶里去呢。
“我再也不到那儿去了,”爱丽丝说,“这茶会真愚蠢！”就在这时，她看见一棵树上有一扇门。“真奇怪！”她想，“但今天什么事都很奇怪。我想我该进去。”
于是她走了进去。她又回到那个有张小玻璃桌的长长的房间里。她马上从桌子上拿起那个金钥匙，打开通往花园的小门，再吃一片蘑菇。当自己缩小到差不多30厘米高时，她就穿过门，终于又到了那个美丽的花园，里面尽是绿树和亮丽的鲜花。
知识积累
①in a（n）...voice以……的声音
②crossly adv.生气地
素养链接
刘易斯·卡罗尔（Lewis Carroll），是英国数学家、逻辑学家、童话作家、牧师、摄影师。他生性腼腆，患有严重的口吃 ，但兴趣广泛，对小说、诗歌、逻辑、儿童摄影等颇有造诣。他毕业于牛津大学，著有不少散文与打油诗，著名的诗集有《蛇鲨之猎》（1876），其中创造的新词Snark（蛇鲨）被英语词典收录。
他所作童话《爱丽丝梦游仙境》（1865）与《爱丽丝镜中奇遇记》（1871）为其代表作品，通过虚幻荒诞的情节，描绘了童趣横生的世界，亦揶揄19世纪后期英国社会的世道人情，含有大量逻辑与文字游戏及仿拟的诗歌，这些童话书里含有的许多最纯真的哲理被人们广为流传。
