冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷01（广东、山东特供卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Job This Summer
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
1．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
A．15-18. B．15-24. C．16-17. D．15-29.
2．Which program favors the disabled
A．Summer Company. B．Summer Employment Opportunities.
C．Jobs for Youth. D．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
3．What is special about Summer Company
A．It provides awards for running new businesses.
B．It requires no training before employment.
C．It offers more summer job opportunities.
D．It allows one to work in the natural environment.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由省级政府及合作伙伴为学生提供的暑期工的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据文章中第三个项目Stewardship Youth Ranger Program中的“Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire. (雇佣年龄为16或17岁的学生)”可知，这个项目雇用的学生应该是16或17岁，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.(有些职位要求学生年龄在15岁至24岁之间，或者残疾人的年龄在29岁以下。)”可知，Summer Employment Opportunities能为残疾人提供工作机会，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章中第二个项目Summer Company中的“Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3, 000 to start and run their own summer businesses. (Summer Company为学生提供实践性商业培训和高达3000美元的奖励，帮助他们开办自己的暑期业务。)”可知，这个项目的特别之处在于它可以为学生提供经营新业务的奖励，故选A。
B
Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good doll. “Dolls have a power we don’t completely understand,” she told The Today Show. It’s a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was transgender, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period and eventually started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me. “It’s hard to tell a kid that they are perfect the way they are and to build self-esteem that way, yet never give them anything that looks like them.” she says.
Jandrisevits went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled her friend’s child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby, who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities (畸形)— in short, a doll that looked like them. It takes her as long as seven hours to craft each one. A GoFundMe page helps her offset costs and allows her to donate her services. She hasn’t charged for a single doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she’s made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandrisevits is unbowed. As she explains on her GoFundMe page, “Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and see their own.”
4．What’s the value of a good doll to the sick kids according to Jandrisevits
A．Hiding their sadness. B．Keeping them company.
C．Restoring their physical health. D．Helping kids accept themselves.
5．What does the underlined part “changing that” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Making perfect dolls for children. B．Offering kids dolls to identify with.
C．Telling troubled kids to build self-esteem. D．Encouraging kids to overcome difficulties.
6．What can we infer about dolls from the last two paragraphs
A．The tailor-made dolls are in short supply.
B．Jandrisevits makes dolls at her own expense.
C．The dolls are only crafted for disabled children.
D．It is a piece of cake for Jandrisevits to craft a doll.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To share how to launch a nonprofit.
B．To appeal for donations to sick kids.
C．To highlight the healing power of dolls.
D．To publicize a lady’s story of crafting dolls for kids.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主人公创办了非盈利组织A Doll Like Me，制作布娃娃帮助儿童度过艰难岁月。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dolls have a power we don’t completely understand(娃娃有一种我们无法完全理解的力量)”以及“Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls.(许多孩子在这些娃娃身上看到了自己)”可知，一个好娃娃对病人的价值在于娃娃帮助孩子们接受自己。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““It’s hard to tell a kid that they are perfect the way they are and to build self-esteem that way, yet never give them anything that looks like them.” she says.(很难告诉一个孩子，他们现在的样子是完美的，也很难用这种方式建立自尊，但又不能给他们任何看起来像他们的东西。她说。)”和第三段的“She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled her friend’s child and sent it off.(她用布料、缝线和记号笔手工制作了一个娃娃，看起来很像她朋友的孩子，然后送了出去)”推知，Jandrisevits试图改变的是“给孩子们提供长得像他们的玩具娃娃(或能让他们产生共鸣的娃娃)”。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第一段“In all, she’s made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long(她总共制作了400多个娃娃。等待名单很长)”推知Jandrisevits 制作的玩偶很受欢迎，需求量大，供不应求。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good doll. “Dolls have a power we don’t completely understand,” she told The Today Show.(Amy Jandrisevits知道一个好娃娃的价值。“娃娃有一种我们无法完全理解的力量，”她告诉《今日秀》)”以及通读全文可知，文章分享了Jandrisevits从作为社工，关注玩偶对生病的孩子的重要意义，到后来通过手工制作与孩子相似的玩偶来帮助孩子们更好地接纳自我，并且创建了非营利性组织A Doll Like Me 的故事。由此推知，本文写作本文的目的是讲述Jandrisevits 通过手工制作与孩子相似的玩偶来帮助孩子们更好地接纳自我的故事。故选D。
C
Writing out the same word again and again may bring back bad memories for some, but handwriting can boost connectivity across brain regions, some of which are involved in learning and memory, a new study shows.
In the study, psychologists Audrey and Ruud, both at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, stuck electrodes (电极) on the participants’ heads. They asked the participants to type out or hand write with a digital pen words that appeared on a computer screen. Sensors in a cap recorded electrical brain activity. Then the psychologists looked for when two brain areas are active with the same frequency of electrical waves at the same time. This result can reveal the connectivity among different regions across the brain.
With handwriting, the researchers saw increased activity, specifically in low frequency bands, not only in the expected motor areas but also in others associated with learning. These low frequency bands have previously been shown to support memory processes. When the team compared the two tasks, they realized that handwriting —but not typing —increased the connectivity across parietal (顶叶) brain regions, which are involved in sensory and motor processing, and central regions, many of which are involved in memory.
“Even when the movements are very similar, the activation seems much, much higher in handwriting,” Audrey says. “It shows that there’s more involvement of these brain regions when you’re handwriting, which might give you some specific advantages.”
These findings suggest that there are distinct processes of brain activation happening while a person types or writes. This boost of stimulation of handwriting facilitates learning because these particular waves between these areas are involved in memory formation and encoding (编码) .
And although handwriting may help with learning processes, typing is often easier, faster and more practical. “Students and teachers alike should therefore consider the task at hand to decide to hand write or type,” Audrey says. Despite the need for more studies to determine the best learning strategy, experts say that handwriting shouldn’t be left behind in the digital age. “Schools need to bring in more writing into curriculum design,” Ruud says.
8．What did Audrey and Ruud mainly do in their research
A．They tested the function of electrodes. B．They analyzed the brain structure.
C．They monitored the brain activities. D．They recorded the writing speed.
9．Why can handwriting improve learning more than typing
A．It involves more specific brain activation. B．It promotes better muscle memory.
C．It allows for more innovative thinking. D．It encourages better concentration.
10．What’s the author’s attitude toward typing
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
11．What might be the best title for the text
A．Taking Notes by Hand is Becoming Uncommon in Class
B．Using Keyboard is Recommended Due to Its Convenience
C．Widespread Brain Connectivity is Crucial to Human Learning
D．Handwriting Boosts Brain Connections More Than Typing Does
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手写比打字更能增强大脑联系。
8．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“In the study, psychologists Audrey and Ruud, both at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, stuck electrodes on the participants’ heads. They asked the participants to type out or hand write with a digital pen words that appeared on a computer screen. Sensors in a cap recorded electrical brain activity. Then the psychologists looked for when two brain areas are active with the same frequency of electrical waves at the same time. (在这项研究中，挪威科技大学的心理学家奥黛丽和鲁德把电极贴在参与者的头上。他们要求参与者用数字笔打出或手写出现在电脑屏幕上的单词。帽子上的传感器记录了大脑的电活动。然后，心理学家们寻找两个大脑区域在同一时间以相同的电波频率活跃的情况。)”可知，Audrey和Ruud在研究中主要监测大脑活动。故选C。
9．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“When the team compared the two tasks, they realized that handwriting —but not typing —increased the connectivity across parietal (顶叶) brain regions, which are involved in sensory and motor processing, and central regions, many of which are involved in memory.(当研究小组比较这两项任务时，他们意识到手写——而不是打字——增加了大脑顶叶区域和中央区域之间的连通性，顶叶区域与感觉和运动处理有关，而中央区域中有许多与记忆有关。)”和后文“Even when the movements are very similar, the activation seems much, much higher in handwriting,” Audrey says.“It shows that there’s more involvement of these brain regions when you’re handwriting, which might give you some specific advantages.” (奥黛丽说：“即使动作非常相似，手写的激活程度似乎也要高得多。”“这表明，当你书写时，这些大脑区域的参与程度更高，这可能会给你带来一些特殊的优势。”)”可知，手写比打字更能改善学习因为它涉及更具体的大脑激活。故选A。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“And although handwriting may help with learning processes, typing is often easier, faster and more practical. (虽然手写可能有助于学习过程，但打字通常更容易、更快、更实用。)”可知，作者对打字的态度是客观的。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Writing out the same word again and again may bring back bad memories for some, but handwriting can boost connectivity across brain regions, some of which are involved in learning and memory, a new study shows. (一项新的研究表明，反复写同一个单词可能会让一些人回忆起不好的记忆，但手写可以增强大脑各区域的连通性，其中一些区域与学习和记忆有关。)”可知，文章主要介绍了手写比打字更能增强大脑联系。所以选项D“Handwriting Boosts Brain Connections More Than Typing Does (手写比打字更能增强大脑联系)”。故选D。
D
Concrete has served as the foundation stone of the construction industry for hundreds of years. However, the process of producing concrete is one of the most environmentally unfriendly processes in the world. In the process, not only is carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) released into the air by the energy used to heat the limestone, but the limestone itself also gives out a huge amount of the element.
Luckily, a number of start-ups throughout the world are using creative thinking to make the construction industry a whole lot more friendly for the planet.
A Canadian company called CarbonCure, has found a way to inject (注入) concrete with carbon dioxide itself. Not only does this trap the carbon dioxide into the concrete, keeping it from running away into the atmosphere, but it also creates a super strong material called calcium carbonate, which reduces the total amount of concrete that needs to be used.
California-based Brimstone, is creating carbon-negative concrete by doing away with limestone entirely and instead using silicate rock, a material that does not release carbon dioxide when heated. Instead, the process produces magnesium (镁) , which absorbs carbon dioxide, as the basis for their concrete.
Additionally, researchers at Australia’s RMIT University have recently released a study showing that adding coffee grounds instead of sand to concrete could make it much stronger, reducing both the amount of sand used, as well as the amount of concrete that would need to be used in the final product.
The biggest barrier at this point is convincing members of the industry that the new types of concrete are safe to be used, according to Stacy Smedley, director at a nonprofit focused on decarbonizing construction.
Hopefully these new solutions to the environmental problems of concrete will soon be widely adopted. Given the significant part the construction industry has in releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, great improvements can be made when more environmentally-friendly materials are used.
12．What is the environmental issue associated with traditional concrete production
A．The high demand for energy. B．The processing of waste materials.
C．The mass release of carbon dioxide. D．The use of non-renewable resources.
13．How does CarbonCure deal with the environmental impact of concrete production
A．By using silicate rock as the basis. B．By putting carbon dioxide into concrete.
C．By replacing sand with coffee grounds. D．By absorbing carbon dioxide with magnesium.
14．According to Smedley, what is the major challenge facing these solutions
A．Difficulty in making profits. B．Convincing the public of the convenience.
C．Lack of funding for research. D．Removing the industry members’ safety concerns.
15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To promote an alternative to concrete.
B．To advocate environmental protection.
C．To introduce new ways to produce concrete.
D．To emphasize the significance of creativity.
【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了建筑混凝土生产对环境的严重影响，以及一些公司和学者通过创新思维研究出新的建筑材料和生产方法，以减少混凝土生产过程中的二氧化碳排放，并推动建筑行业向更环保的方向转变。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the process, not only is carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) released into the air by the energy used to heat the limestone, but the limestone itself also gives out a huge amount of the element.(在这个过程中，不仅二氧化碳被用于加热石灰石的能量释放到空气中，而且石灰石本身也释放出大量的元素。)”可知，与传统混凝土生产相关的环境问题是二氧化碳释放到空气中。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A Canadian company called Carbon Cure, has found a way to inject concrete with carbon dioxide itself. (一家名为Carbon Cure的加拿大公司已经找到了一种向混凝土中注入二氧化碳的方法。)”可知，通过将二氧化碳放入混凝土中，Carbon Cure解决了混凝土生产对环境的影响。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The biggest barrier at this point is convincing members of the industry that the new types of concrete are safe to be used, according to Stacy Smedley, director at a nonprofit focused on decarbonizing construction.( 一家专注于脱碳建筑的非营利组织的负责人Stacy Smedley表示，目前最大的障碍是让业内人士相信，新型混凝土是可以安全使用的。)”可知，根据Smedley的说法，消除行业成员的安全担忧是这些解决方案面临的主要挑战。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“A Canadian company called CarbonCure, has found a way to inject (注入) concrete with carbon dioxide itself. Not only does this trap the carbon dioxide into the concrete, keeping it from running away into the atmosphere, but it also creates a super strong material called calcium carbonate, which reduces the total amount of concrete that needs to be used.(一家名为CarbonCure的加拿大公司已经找到了一种向混凝土中注入二氧化碳的方法。这不仅可以将二氧化碳困在混凝土中，防止其逃逸到大气中，而且还可以产生一种叫做碳酸钙的超强材料，从而减少需要使用的混凝土总量。)”以及最后一段中“Hopefully these new solutions to the environmental problems of concrete will soon be widely adopted.(希望这些解决混凝土环境问题的新方法能很快被广泛采用。)”以及通读全文可知，本文介绍了建筑混凝土生产对环境的严重影响，以及一些公司和学者通过创新思维研究出新的建筑材料和生产方法，以减少混凝土生产过程中的二氧化碳排放，并推动建筑行业向更环保的方向转变。故文章的目的是介绍生产混凝土的新方法。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Being honest may not get you a lot of friends, but it will get you the right ones. That’s true, so you should pursue authentic positivity in your friendships, the opposite of toxic (有毒的) positivity that would have you encouraging friends in all things, regardless of what you might feel or observe or know about the challenges of life. 16
1. Ask questions.
A feature of authentic positivity is a curious mindset, a mentality where you are less locked into “telling it like it is” and more interested in wondering and exploring the possibilities together with your friend. 17 If your friendship has a history of welcome advice-giving, your question could be “Are you looking for ideas, or do you just want me to listen ”
2. 18
“That’s so disappointing” is sometimes the most positive thing you can say to your friend when they are struggling. Resisting the urge to say “It’s all going to work out; don’t worry” shows your friend that you see them in their pain, and that you are available to support them here and now. 19 You can use “yes/and” statements like “What happened at work is so frustrating—AND I know how creative you are, so you’ll find a way to move forward.”
3. Learn to apologize —and ask for an apology.
20 That includes you, too. Being authentic in a friendship means having the freedom to say to a friend, “I’m sorry I hurt you.” It also means being able to say, “Your words/ actions hurt me.” Friendships that stand the test of time have room for mistakes, and for repair.
A．Name hard truths.
B．Don’t disappoint your friend.
C．Every friend misses the mark sometimes.
D．Instead, friends should be authentic and positive.
E．Here are three ways to be an authentically positive friend.
F．But that doesn’t mean you need to focus on the negative all the time.
G．Positive friends ask each other questions, and listen deeply to the answers.
【答案】16．E 17．G 18．A 19．F 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何成为一个真正积极的朋友。
16．上文“That’s true, so you should pursue authentic positivity in your friendships, the opposite of toxic (有毒的) positivity that would have you encouraging friends in all things, regardless of what you might feel or observe or know about the challenges of life. (这是事实，所以你应该在你的友谊中追求真正的积极性，而不是有害的积极性。这种积极性会让你在所有事情中鼓励朋友，无论你对生活中的挑战有什么样感受、观察或了解)”强调了友谊中追寻真正积极的好处，下文段落小标题“Ask questions(提问问题)”和“Learn to apologize —and ask for an apology. (学习道歉——并要求道歉)”详细介绍了如何成为一个真正积极的朋友。空格处于段尾，往往起着总结上文或承上启下的作用。E选项“Here are three ways to be an authentically positive friend. (以下是三个可以让你成为一个真正积极的朋友的方法)”呼应下文每一段的小标题，故答案为E。
17．本段的小标题“Ask questions. (提问问题)”及空后“If your friendship has a history of welcome advice-giving, your question could be “Are you looking for ideas, or do you just want me to listen ” (如果你的友谊存在一段可提供建议的历史，你的问题可以是“你是在寻求建议，还是只是想让我听听？”)”都在介绍要学会提问题。G项“Positive friends ask each other questions, and listen deeply to the answers. (积极的朋友会问对方问题并认真倾听对方的回答)”符合本段主题，所以答案定位G。
18．空格处于小标题的位置，所以应该和其他段落的小标题保持一致，都是祈使句结构，因此答案定位到A和B选项。由本段““That’s so disappointing” is sometimes the most positive thing you can say to your friend when they are struggling. Resisting the urge to say “It’s all going to work out; don’t worry” shows your friend that you see them in their pain, and that you are available to support them here and now. (有时候“这太令人失望了”这句话是你在朋友挣扎时对他们说的最积极的话。克制住说“一切都会好起来的；别担心”的冲动，让你的朋友知道你看到了他们的痛苦，你可以随时支持他们)”可知，作为真正积极的朋友，作者建议我们要敢于说出真实的情况。A项“Name hard truths. (说出残酷的真相)”符合。选项中的“hard”呼应本段形容词“disappointing”，故选A。
19．前文“Resisting the urge to say “It’s all going to work out; don’t worry” shows your friend that you see them in their pain, and that you are available to support them here and now. (克制住说“一切都会好起来的；别担心”的冲动，让你的朋友知道你看到了他们的痛苦，你可以随时支持他们)”强调我们要敢于说出真相，哪怕是消极表达。后文“ You can use “yes/and” statements like “What happened at work is so frustrating—AND I know how creative you are, so you’ll find a way to move forward.” (你可以使用“是/和”这样的语句，比如说，“工作中发生的事情太令人沮丧了，我知道你有多有创造力，所以你会找到前进的方法”)”介绍了我们也可以对朋友说一些肯定的表达，前后句意呈转折关系，所以F选项“But that doesn’t mean you need to focus on the negative all the time. (但是那并不意味着你需要一直关注消极的东西)”符合题意。故选F。
20．本段的小标题“Learn to apologize —and ask for an apology. (学习道歉——并要求道歉)”及根据空后的内容“Friendships that stand the test of time have room for mistakes, and for repair. (经得起时间考验的友谊中都会存在犯错和可恢复的情况)”描述了我们都会犯错，要学会道歉。C项“Every friend misses the mark sometimes. (每个朋友都有犯错的时候)”贴合题意，“miss the mark”和 “mistake”内容一致，故选C选项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 21 advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, 22 her students just might have the magic words needed to bring 23 to people in these difficult times. “To hear the pure 24 from kids is extremely comforting,” she says.
The project was called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first.. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and 25 it “PepToc”, they 26 they liked that even better.
The hotline is 27 in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of 28 of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can 29 a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying! Don’t give up!” Pressing 4 30 the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a 31 to anyone’s face. Pressing 1 32 ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or 33 ” Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. Pressing2 results in “words of 34 and life advice”. This includes messages like “The 35 is a better place with you in it.”
21．A．reasonable B．rare C．mysterious D．cheerful
22．A．thought B．complained C．declared D．insisted
23．A．wealth B．attention C．calm D．luck
24．A．comment B．joy C．praise D．mind
25．A．pronounced B．typed C．spelled D．drew
26．A．decided B．learned C．changed D．assumed
27．A．spoken B．memorable C．popular D．available
28．A．callers B．children C．artists D．operators
29．A．witness B．suggest C．catch D．hear
30．A．generates B．records C．analyzes D．breaks
31．A．mark B．wrinkle C．smile D．tear
32．A．brings up B．laughs at C．gives away D．turn to
33．A．distracted B．content C．peaceful D．nervous
34．A．management B．encouragement C．judgement D．argument
35．A．hotline B．world C．school D．street
【答案】
21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建的一条电话热线，给人们带来了开心和鼓励。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。A. reasonable合理的；B. rare罕见的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. cheerful高兴的。下文“during difficult times (在困难时期)”指出是在困难时期寻求建议，应该是要寻求积极向上，令人开心的建议。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. thought认为；B. complained抱怨；C. declared宣称；D. insisted坚持。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线)”指出，学生们创建电话热线电话是在老师的帮助之下，因此可推测老师肯定认为这一通热线是有意义的。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡·马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. wealth财富；B. attention注意力；C. calm平静；D. luck运气。下文“To hear the pure… from kids is extremely comforting, (从孩子们那里听到纯粹的…是非常令人欣慰的，)”指出拨打热线会让人感到舒服，即它给予人们的是心情上好的转变，变得平静属于此类。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。A. comment评论；B. joy愉悦，快乐；C. praise表扬；D. mind思想。下文“It offers the happy voices… (它提供了快乐的声音…)”指出该热线提供快乐的声音，故能带给人愉悦。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. pronounced宣布；B. typed打字；C. spelled拼写；D. drew画。上文“Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first. (事实上，他们首先称之为“鼓励话语”。)”指出，最初该热线是另一个名字，和老师的儿子提供了存在字母上的差异，可推测这是老师6岁的儿子把单词拼写错了。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决定更喜欢这个。A. decided决定；B. learned学习；C. changed改变；D. assumed认为。上文“The project was called “PepToc”. (该项目被称为“PepToc”)”指出，该热线的名字为“PepToc”，是由最初的名字改过来的，故表明在得到“PepToc”这个，名字之后，他们决定选择后者而不是最初的名字。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：热线电话有英文和西班牙文两种版本。A. spoken口头的；B. memorable值得纪念的；C. popular流行的；D. available可用的。下文“in English and Spanish (用英文和西班牙文打电话)”指出，该热线可以通过两种语言拨打，故通过这两种语言都能用该热线。故选D项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。A. callers呼叫者；B. children孩子；C. artists艺术家；D. operators操作员。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。)”指出，该热线是小学生创建的，因此听到的声音肯定是孩子们的。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，按3，你可以听到一群幼儿园的孩子一起说：“你能行！继续努力！不要放弃！”A. witness目击；B. suggest建议；C. catch抓住；D. hear听见。上文““To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. (“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。)”指出，拨打热线能够听到孩子们的快乐。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. generates产生；B. records记录；C. analyzes分析；D. breaks打破。上文“It offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages. (它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。)”指出，只要拨打热线，就能听到不同的儿童快乐的声音，故此处肯定指的是按下3热线那头就传来笑声，即有笑声产生。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：按4，会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音——这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. mark记号；B. wrinkle皱纹；C. smile微笑；D. tear眼泪。上文““To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says. (“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。)”指出拨打热线让人舒服，故听到孩子们的笑声，任何人的脸上会出现跟笑声一样的笑容。故选C项。
32．考查动词词组辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. brings up调出，带来；B. laughs at嘲笑；C. gives away泄露；D. turn to向…求助。下文“Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. (有用的建议包括“打枕头”或“去拿饼干”。)”指出按1能收到一些建议，故这些建议是按1这个动作带来的。故选A项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：按1，会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. distracted思想不集中的；B. content满意的；C. peaceful平和的；D. nervous紧张的。上文“feeling mad, frustrated, or (感到精神错乱、沮丧或)”指出按1的人是精神错乱或者沮丧的人，因此空格处的用于表明人的状况的词也和这两个词一样指出精神状态的问题，故nervous符合语境。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：按2，会得到“鼓励和生活建议的话语”。A. management管理；B. encouragement鼓励；C. judgement判断；D. argument争论。下文“The… is a better place with you in it. (有你在，…会变得更美好。)”对拨打热线的人给予了表扬，这是一种鼓励。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中包括诸如“有你在，世界会变得更美好。”之类的信息。A. hotline热线；B. world世界；C. school学校；D. street街道。上文“Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times. (加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，肯定是正对社会上各行各业的人，因此地点范围不应该局限在学校或者小地方，而是告诉人们整个世界都因为他们变得更好。故选B项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guqin is a traditional musical instrument. It 36 (exist) for over 3,000 years and represents China’s foremost solo musical instrument tradition. 37 (describe) in early literary sources and confirmed by archaeological finds, this ancient instrument is inseparable 38 Chinese intellectual history. Guqin playing developed as an art form practised by noblemen and 39 (scholar) in intimate settings, and was therefore never intended for public performance. Furthermore, along with calligraphy, painting and weiqi, guqin was one of the four arts, which Chinese were expected 40 (master) in ancient times. According to tradition, twenty years of training were required to attain proficiency.
Its music 41 (list) as an intangible cultural heritage in 2008, which helped unlock the passion of many to learn 42 ancient instrument. Jian was one of them. His interest in the instrument grew after he listened to an album by a famous guqin master. Jian started playing the instrument in his 43 (fifty) and embarked on a journey to look for collectible items across China. To his disappointment, he quickly discovered that many collectors lacked the ability to play guqin themselves, resulting in many being stored away in warehouses. He even came across some of the instruments lying in a state of utter damage, 44 pained him deeply.
With the aim of preserving and utilizing (利用) the centuries-old relics more 45 (effective), Jian began learning how to restore the instrument under the guidance of a guqin repair expert.
【答案】
36．has existed 37．Described 38．from 39．scholars 40．to master 41．was listed 42．the 43．fifties 44．which 45．effectively
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国传统乐器——古琴。
36．考查时态。句意：它已经存在了3000多年，代表了中国最重要的独奏乐器传统。根据语境和后面的时间状语 for over 3,000 years可知，此处要用现在完成时，且It(Guqin)与exist为主动关系。故填has existed。
37．考查非谓语。句意：早期文献记载并经考古发现证实，这种古老的乐器与中国的知识史是分不开的。分析句子可知，describe和其逻辑主语this ancient instrument 是动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Described。
38．考查介词。句意：早期文献记载并经考古发现证实，这种古老的乐器与中国的知识史是分不开的。分析句子可知，这里考查be inseparable from..意为“与……不可分离的”，为固定搭配。故填from。
39．考查名词复数。句意：古琴演奏是贵族和学者在亲密环境中练习的一种艺术形式，因此从未打算公开表演。scholar意为“学者”，是可数名词；由and前noblemen可知，此处也要用其复数形式。故填scholars。
40．考查非谓语。句意：此外，古琴与书法、绘画和围棋并列为中国古代所期望掌握的四大艺术之一。分析句子可知，这里考查expect sb to do sth意为“期待某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to master。
41．考查时态语态。句意：它的音乐在2008年被列为非物质文化遗产，这有助于释放许多人学习这种古老乐器的热情。分析句子可知，主语和谓语是动宾关系，所以此处要用被动语态；本句描述的是过去的事，所以此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。
42．考查冠词。句意：它的音乐在2008年被列为非物质文化遗产，这有助于释放许多人学习这种古老乐器的热情。根据句意可知，此处指的是古琴这种乐器，是特指，所以要用定冠词。故填the。
43．考查数词。句意：简从五十多岁开始演奏这种乐器，并开始了在中国各地寻找收藏品的旅程。in his fifties意为“在他50多岁的时候”，为固定搭配。故填fifties。
44．考查定语从句。句意：他甚至发现一些仪器完全损坏，这让他深感痛苦。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词some of the instruments，为物，在从句中作主语，所以此处填which。故填which。
45．考查副词。句意：为了更有效地保存和利用这些数百年的文物，简在古琴修复专家的指导下开始学习如何修复古琴。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词。故填effectively。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ben 得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE school-based course) 的相关情况, 内容如下：
1. 上课的时间和内容;
2. 喜欢的原因和收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ben，
My school has launched a series of school-based courses.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ben,
My school has launched a series of school-based courses. I’m writing to share with you my favorite one, PE school-based course.
The course, scheduled to be held every Friday afternoon, is very diverse, including various sports such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, and badminton. It is also the best part of my week, because not only can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic throughout the day, but also help me make like-minded friends while learning. Besides, I have gained a deeper insight into team spirit.
What about your favorite school-based course Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求写信告知朋友自己最喜欢的体育校本课并说明理由和收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：a series of→a variety of
加强：enhance→strengthen
精力充沛的：energetic→vigorous
此外：besides → what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, I have gained a deeper insight into team spirit.
拓展句：Besides, It is worth mentioning that I have gained a deeper insight into team spirit.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The course, scheduled to be held every Friday afternoon, is very diverse, including various sports such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, and badminton. （运用了过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】It is also the best part of my week, because not only can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic throughout the day, but also help me make like-minded friends while learning.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句及not only的部分倒装句）
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Golden Girl
When your mother enters her ninth decade, you make a point of being a little extra careful for any signs of decline—memory loss, repetition and the like.
Thankfully, my mother has been blessed with good health, and her mental state seems to have remained alright. But when she got inked at such an advanced age, I had to wonder.
My mother looks just like many grandmothers, short, slightly fat and white-haired. She’s rosy-cheeked and jolly, and when she laughs her eyes almost seem to disappear behind her fleshy cheeks. She comes from an old, traditional family. She was a career civil servant. In short, she didn’t do crazy suff.
That all changed a few years ago. She began to surprise my older brother and me with what she described as “independence.” At the time, we merely saw them as examples of irresponsibility and possibly age-related questionable judgment.
In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed us she’d booked a seven-night trip to Turkey. Alone. Because she had never been. Of course, that was astonishing. There was no way my brother and I could allow that. A shaky little old lady wandering the streets of Istanbul on her own, not speaking a word of Turkish, with no knowledge of the laws and customs of the land—it was out of the question!
She paid no attention to us. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it turns out, she had barely spent any time alone after hiring a taxi driver to show her around Istanbul for a few days. He took her to open-air markets, parks, and restaurants. He introduced her to a rug(小地毯)seller named Mustafa, “a lovely fellow,” and she bought some rugs. The seller had taken her address details and promised to ship the rugs home. The seller and my mother apparently struck up quite a friendship and she had told him to please drop by if he were ever in Canada. My mother beamed as she told this story.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We couldn’t believe how na ve (幼稚) she had been and sat her down to explain that she had been tricked.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Mustafa dropped by for a cup of tea as we used to drink a lot in Turkey.” my mother told my brother and me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para. 1:
We couldn’t believe how naive she had been and sat her down to explain that she had been tricked. She looked at us, a hint of surprise in her eyes, and then burst out laughing. “Oh, my dear children,” she said, shaking her head. “You don’t understand. Mustafa is a kind soul, not a trickster. He sold me beautiful rugs at a fair price, and we shared many pleasant conversations. I trust him, and he trusted me. That’s what true friendship is about.” We were left speechless, realizing that our concerns had been misplaced.
Para. 2:
“Mustafa dropped by for a cup of tea as we used to drink a lot in Turkey,” my mother told my brother and me. She beamed as she recalled the visit, explaining that he had brought a small gift from Istanbul and they had spent a delightful afternoon catching up. It was then that we realized our mother’s “independence” wasn’t just about doing things alone; it was about opening her heart to new experiences and people. She had found friendship and adventure in the most unexpected places, and we were humbled by her courage and wisdom. From then on, we supported her every move, knowing that she had the world at her fingertips.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的母亲75岁的那年，预订了一个七晚的土耳其之旅，她一个人出行。母亲遇到了一个名为的Mustafa的地毯卖家，两人建立了深厚的情谊。但是作者和哥哥却不相信Mustafa，认为对方是骗子。经过交谈，母亲解释了对方的为人，也让作者意识到母亲是在向新的经历和人敞开心扉。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们简直不敢相信她是如此天真，于是让她坐下来解释说她被骗了”可知，第一段可描写母亲解释Mustafa是个好人以及他们的友谊。
②由第二段首句内容“‘Mustafa顺道过来喝了杯茶，因为我们过去在土耳其经常喝茶，’母亲告诉我和哥哥”可知，第二段可描写母亲和Mustafa度过了一个愉快的下午以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：不相信Mustafa——母亲解释——两人友谊深厚——作者感悟母亲的行为——钦佩母亲的勇气和智慧——支持母亲
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看着：look at/stare at
②意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①多余：misplaced/ unnecessary
②惊讶：surprise/astonishment
【点睛】[高分句型1] We were left speechless, realizing that our concerns had been misplaced. (运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] That’s what true friendship is about. (运用了what引导表语从句)冲刺2024年高考英语模拟卷01（广东、山东特供卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Job This Summer
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
1．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
A．15-18. B．15-24. C．16-17. D．15-29.
2．Which program favors the disabled
A．Summer Company. B．Summer Employment Opportunities.
C．Jobs for Youth. D．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
3．What is special about Summer Company
A．It provides awards for running new businesses.
B．It requires no training before employment.
C．It offers more summer job opportunities.
D．It allows one to work in the natural environment.
B
Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good doll. “Dolls have a power we don’t completely understand,” she told The Today Show. It’s a conclusion she came to while working as a social worker using dolls to help her young clients adapt to their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids missing a limb or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.
So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was transgender, Jandrisevits, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially challenging period and eventually started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me. “It’s hard to tell a kid that they are perfect the way they are and to build self-esteem that way, yet never give them anything that looks like them.” she says.
Jandrisevits went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand — using fabric, stitching, and markers — that resembled her friend’s child and sent it off. After the friend posted a photo online of the happy child and doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll that looked like her baby, who was missing a leg.
Word spread, and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial deformities (畸形)— in short, a doll that looked like them. It takes her as long as seven hours to craft each one. A GoFundMe page helps her offset costs and allows her to donate her services. She hasn’t charged for a single doll since she began her nonprofit.
In all, she’s made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandrisevits is unbowed. As she explains on her GoFundMe page, “Every kid, regardless of gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, or body type, should look into the sweet face of a doll and see their own.”
4．What’s the value of a good doll to the sick kids according to Jandrisevits
A．Hiding their sadness. B．Keeping them company.
C．Restoring their physical health. D．Helping kids accept themselves.
5．What does the underlined part “changing that” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Making perfect dolls for children. B．Offering kids dolls to identify with.
C．Telling troubled kids to build self-esteem. D．Encouraging kids to overcome difficulties.
6．What can we infer about dolls from the last two paragraphs
A．The tailor-made dolls are in short supply.
B．Jandrisevits makes dolls at her own expense.
C．The dolls are only crafted for disabled children.
D．It is a piece of cake for Jandrisevits to craft a doll.
7．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To share how to launch a nonprofit.
B．To appeal for donations to sick kids.
C．To highlight the healing power of dolls.
D．To publicize a lady’s story of crafting dolls for kids.
C
Writing out the same word again and again may bring back bad memories for some, but handwriting can boost connectivity across brain regions, some of which are involved in learning and memory, a new study shows.
In the study, psychologists Audrey and Ruud, both at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, stuck electrodes (电极) on the participants’ heads. They asked the participants to type out or hand write with a digital pen words that appeared on a computer screen. Sensors in a cap recorded electrical brain activity. Then the psychologists looked for when two brain areas are active with the same frequency of electrical waves at the same time. This result can reveal the connectivity among different regions across the brain.
With handwriting, the researchers saw increased activity, specifically in low frequency bands, not only in the expected motor areas but also in others associated with learning. These low frequency bands have previously been shown to support memory processes. When the team compared the two tasks, they realized that handwriting —but not typing —increased the connectivity across parietal (顶叶) brain regions, which are involved in sensory and motor processing, and central regions, many of which are involved in memory.
“Even when the movements are very similar, the activation seems much, much higher in handwriting,” Audrey says. “It shows that there’s more involvement of these brain regions when you’re handwriting, which might give you some specific advantages.”
These findings suggest that there are distinct processes of brain activation happening while a person types or writes. This boost of stimulation of handwriting facilitates learning because these particular waves between these areas are involved in memory formation and encoding (编码) .
And although handwriting may help with learning processes, typing is often easier, faster and more practical. “Students and teachers alike should therefore consider the task at hand to decide to hand write or type,” Audrey says. Despite the need for more studies to determine the best learning strategy, experts say that handwriting shouldn’t be left behind in the digital age. “Schools need to bring in more writing into curriculum design,” Ruud says.
8．What did Audrey and Ruud mainly do in their research
A．They tested the function of electrodes. B．They analyzed the brain structure.
C．They monitored the brain activities. D．They recorded the writing speed.
9．Why can handwriting improve learning more than typing
A．It involves more specific brain activation. B．It promotes better muscle memory.
C．It allows for more innovative thinking. D．It encourages better concentration.
10．What’s the author’s attitude toward typing
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
11．What might be the best title for the text
A．Taking Notes by Hand is Becoming Uncommon in Class
B．Using Keyboard is Recommended Due to Its Convenience
C．Widespread Brain Connectivity is Crucial to Human Learning
D．Handwriting Boosts Brain Connections More Than Typing Does
D
Concrete has served as the foundation stone of the construction industry for hundreds of years. However, the process of producing concrete is one of the most environmentally unfriendly processes in the world. In the process, not only is carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) released into the air by the energy used to heat the limestone, but the limestone itself also gives out a huge amount of the element.
Luckily, a number of start-ups throughout the world are using creative thinking to make the construction industry a whole lot more friendly for the planet.
A Canadian company called CarbonCure, has found a way to inject (注入) concrete with carbon dioxide itself. Not only does this trap the carbon dioxide into the concrete, keeping it from running away into the atmosphere, but it also creates a super strong material called calcium carbonate, which reduces the total amount of concrete that needs to be used.
California-based Brimstone, is creating carbon-negative concrete by doing away with limestone entirely and instead using silicate rock, a material that does not release carbon dioxide when heated. Instead, the process produces magnesium (镁) , which absorbs carbon dioxide, as the basis for their concrete.
Additionally, researchers at Australia’s RMIT University have recently released a study showing that adding coffee grounds instead of sand to concrete could make it much stronger, reducing both the amount of sand used, as well as the amount of concrete that would need to be used in the final product.
The biggest barrier at this point is convincing members of the industry that the new types of concrete are safe to be used, according to Stacy Smedley, director at a nonprofit focused on decarbonizing construction.
Hopefully these new solutions to the environmental problems of concrete will soon be widely adopted. Given the significant part the construction industry has in releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, great improvements can be made when more environmentally-friendly materials are used.
12．What is the environmental issue associated with traditional concrete production
A．The high demand for energy. B．The processing of waste materials.
C．The mass release of carbon dioxide. D．The use of non-renewable resources.
13．How does CarbonCure deal with the environmental impact of concrete production
A．By using silicate rock as the basis. B．By putting carbon dioxide into concrete.
C．By replacing sand with coffee grounds. D．By absorbing carbon dioxide with magnesium.
14．According to Smedley, what is the major challenge facing these solutions
A．Difficulty in making profits. B．Convincing the public of the convenience.
C．Lack of funding for research. D．Removing the industry members’ safety concerns.
15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To promote an alternative to concrete.
B．To advocate environmental protection.
C．To introduce new ways to produce concrete.
D．To emphasize the significance of creativity.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Being honest may not get you a lot of friends, but it will get you the right ones. That’s true, so you should pursue authentic positivity in your friendships, the opposite of toxic (有毒的) positivity that would have you encouraging friends in all things, regardless of what you might feel or observe or know about the challenges of life. 16
1. Ask questions.
A feature of authentic positivity is a curious mindset, a mentality where you are less locked into “telling it like it is” and more interested in wondering and exploring the possibilities together with your friend. 17 If your friendship has a history of welcome advice-giving, your question could be “Are you looking for ideas, or do you just want me to listen ”
2. 18
“That’s so disappointing” is sometimes the most positive thing you can say to your friend when they are struggling. Resisting the urge to say “It’s all going to work out; don’t worry” shows your friend that you see them in their pain, and that you are available to support them here and now. 19 You can use “yes/and” statements like “What happened at work is so frustrating—AND I know how creative you are, so you’ll find a way to move forward.”
3. Learn to apologize —and ask for an apology.
20 That includes you, too. Being authentic in a friendship means having the freedom to say to a friend, “I’m sorry I hurt you.” It also means being able to say, “Your words/ actions hurt me.” Friendships that stand the test of time have room for mistakes, and for repair.
A．Name hard truths.
B．Don’t disappoint your friend.
C．Every friend misses the mark sometimes.
D．Instead, friends should be authentic and positive.
E．Here are three ways to be an authentically positive friend.
F．But that doesn’t mean you need to focus on the negative all the time.
G．Positive friends ask each other questions, and listen deeply to the answers.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 21 advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, 22 her students just might have the magic words needed to bring 23 to people in these difficult times. “To hear the pure 24 from kids is extremely comforting,” she says.
The project was called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” (鼓励话语) first.. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and 25 it “PepToc”, they 26 they liked that even better.
The hotline is 27 in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of 28 of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can 29 a group of kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying! Don’t give up!” Pressing 4 30 the sounds of children giggling and laughing—a sound certain to bring a 31 to anyone’s face. Pressing 1 32 ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or 33 ” Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. Pressing2 results in “words of 34 and life advice”. This includes messages like “The 35 is a better place with you in it.”
21．A．reasonable B．rare C．mysterious D．cheerful
22．A．thought B．complained C．declared D．insisted
23．A．wealth B．attention C．calm D．luck
24．A．comment B．joy C．praise D．mind
25．A．pronounced B．typed C．spelled D．drew
26．A．decided B．learned C．changed D．assumed
27．A．spoken B．memorable C．popular D．available
28．A．callers B．children C．artists D．operators
29．A．witness B．suggest C．catch D．hear
30．A．generates B．records C．analyzes D．breaks
31．A．mark B．wrinkle C．smile D．tear
32．A．brings up B．laughs at C．gives away D．turn to
33．A．distracted B．content C．peaceful D．nervous
34．A．management B．encouragement C．judgement D．argument
35．A．hotline B．world C．school D．street
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guqin is a traditional musical instrument. It 36 (exist) for over 3,000 years and represents China’s foremost solo musical instrument tradition. 37 (describe) in early literary sources and confirmed by archaeological finds, this ancient instrument is inseparable 38 Chinese intellectual history. Guqin playing developed as an art form practised by noblemen and 39 (scholar) in intimate settings, and was therefore never intended for public performance. Furthermore, along with calligraphy, painting and weiqi, guqin was one of the four arts, which Chinese were expected 40 (master) in ancient times. According to tradition, twenty years of training were required to attain proficiency.
Its music 41 (list) as an intangible cultural heritage in 2008, which helped unlock the passion of many to learn 42 ancient instrument. Jian was one of them. His interest in the instrument grew after he listened to an album by a famous guqin master. Jian started playing the instrument in his 43 (fifty) and embarked on a journey to look for collectible items across China. To his disappointment, he quickly discovered that many collectors lacked the ability to play guqin themselves, resulting in many being stored away in warehouses. He even came across some of the instruments lying in a state of utter damage, 44 pained him deeply.
With the aim of preserving and utilizing (利用) the centuries-old relics more 45 (effective), Jian began learning how to restore the instrument under the guidance of a guqin repair expert.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Ben 得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE school-based course) 的相关情况, 内容如下：
1. 上课的时间和内容;
2. 喜欢的原因和收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ben，
My school has launched a series of school-based courses.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Golden Girl
When your mother enters her ninth decade, you make a point of being a little extra careful for any signs of decline—memory loss, repetition and the like.
Thankfully, my mother has been blessed with good health, and her mental state seems to have remained alright. But when she got inked at such an advanced age, I had to wonder.
My mother looks just like many grandmothers, short, slightly fat and white-haired. She’s rosy-cheeked and jolly, and when she laughs her eyes almost seem to disappear behind her fleshy cheeks. She comes from an old, traditional family. She was a career civil servant. In short, she didn’t do crazy suff.
That all changed a few years ago. She began to surprise my older brother and me with what she described as “independence.” At the time, we merely saw them as examples of irresponsibility and possibly age-related questionable judgment.
In early 2015, the year she turned 75, she informed us she’d booked a seven-night trip to Turkey. Alone. Because she had never been. Of course, that was astonishing. There was no way my brother and I could allow that. A shaky little old lady wandering the streets of Istanbul on her own, not speaking a word of Turkish, with no knowledge of the laws and customs of the land—it was out of the question!
She paid no attention to us. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it turns out, she had barely spent any time alone after hiring a taxi driver to show her around Istanbul for a few days. He took her to open-air markets, parks, and restaurants. He introduced her to a rug(小地毯)seller named Mustafa, “a lovely fellow,” and she bought some rugs. The seller had taken her address details and promised to ship the rugs home. The seller and my mother apparently struck up quite a friendship and she had told him to please drop by if he were ever in Canada. My mother beamed as she told this story.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We couldn’t believe how na ve (幼稚) she had been and sat her down to explain that she had been tricked.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Mustafa dropped by for a cup of tea as we used to drink a lot in Turkey.” my mother told my brother and me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
