专题05 非谓语动词
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside
C．Giving away D．Getting back
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每月存一点钱被广泛认为是个人理财的好习惯。A. Picking out 挑选出；B. Putting aside 存储；C. Giving away 捐赠；D. Getting back 回来。根据“is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management”可知，存钱理财是好习惯。故选 B。
2．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
A．Dating B．Being dated
C．To date D．To be dated
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故选A。
3．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings.
A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。A. adding增加；B. adjusting适应；C. applying申请；D. attending出席。由下文“to her new surroundings.”可知，此处表示适应新的环境，adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”，故选B。
4．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China.
A．originating B．originated
C．being originated D．having originated
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。
5．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system.
A．Trying B．Tried
C．Having tried D．Having been tried
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故选A。
6．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public.
A．posting B．to post
C．posted D．to be posted
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C。
7．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A．allowing B．being allowed
C．having allowed D．having been allowed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。
8．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。
9．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.
A．prepare B．prepares
C．is preparing D．are preparing
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词
或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。
10．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills.
A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故选B。
11．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
回顾知识体系
非谓语动词的时态和语态
形式 时态 主动 被动
动词ing 一般时 doing being done
完成时 having done having been done
不定式 一般时 to do to be done
完成时 to have done to have been done
进行时 to be doing
过去分词 表被动或完成 done
非谓语动词在句中可充当的主语、宾语和表语情况
形式 做主语 做宾语 做表语 定语 状语 宾语补足语
doing √ √ √ √ √ √
to do √ √ √ √ √ √
done √ √ √ √
回顾核心考点
1. to do 与doing 作主语时区别：
(1)to do作主语，强调具体的某次动作或行为；
(2)doing作主语，强调习惯性的行为。常见doing作主语的固定结构有：
It is no good doing… 做…没有好处
It is no use doing…做…没有用
It is a waste of time doing …做…浪费时间
It is worthwhile doing…做…是值得的
2. 非谓语动词作定语的区别：
现在分词作定语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作定语，表示“被动或完成”。
The house built 50 years ago will be pulled down soon.
50多年前被建的这个房子将被拆毁。(the house与build构成被动关系)
The workers building the house stopped for a rest.
建造房子的工人们停下来休息休息。（the workers与build构成主动关系）
不定式作定语，表“将来发生的动作”
The house to be built will become an office building soon.
将被建造的这个房子将成为办公楼。（the house与build构成被动关系，又表示将来的动作）
3. 非谓语作状语的区别：
现在分词作状语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作状语，表示“被动或完成”；不定式作状语，表示目的或结果。
Seen from space, the earth looks blue. =When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
当从太空看时，地球是蓝色的。(see与the earth构成被动关系，作时间状语)
Seeing the earth from space, we will find it blue. =When we see the earth from space, we’ll find it blue.
当从太空看地球时，我们发现它是蓝色的。（see与we构成主动关系，作时间状语）
He stayed in the lab, devoting himself to doing research. = He stayed in the lab, and devoted himself to doing research. 他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与devote oneself to构成主动关系，作伴随状语)
He stayed in the lab, devoted to doing research. = He stayed in the lab, and was devoted to doing research.
他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与be devoted to构成被动关系，作伴随状语)
To devote himself to doing research, he stayed in the lab day and night.
为了专注于做研究，他夜以继日得在实验室里待着。（不定式to devote oneself to doing research作目的状
语）
He stayed in the lab for a long time, only to find that he missed the last bus.
他待在实验室时间太长了，结果发现他错过了最后一班车。(only to find...作结果状语)
现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾补的区别：
（1）”感官动词”+宾语+宾补
I heard him knocking at the door.
我听见他一直敲门。(宾语him与knock构成主动关系，表示持续不断的动作)
I heard him criticized by his boss.
我听见被老板批评。（宾语him与criticize构成被动关系）
I heard him close the door and go away.
我听见他关门走了。（宾语him与省略to的不定式close the door, go away构成主动关系，表示一个过程的结束）
感官动词包括see, hear, watch, observe, notice等
（2）“使役动词”+宾语+宾补
I had the partner post the letter.
我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语the partner与宾补post构成主动关系）
I had the letter posted by the partner.
我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语the letter与post构成被动关系）
I had the water running, causing waste.
我让水一直流淌着。（宾语the water与run构成主动关系，且表示持续不断的动作）
使役动词包括have, get, make, keep, leave等
（3）with +宾语+宾补
With Teachers’ Day approaching, the classmates expressed their thanks and wishes to the teachers.
随着教师节的来临，同学们纷纷表达对老师的感谢和祝福。（Teachers’ Day与approach构成主动关系，作时间状语）
I sat in the room for several minutes, with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我坐在屋子里几分钟，眼睛盯着天花板。(my eyes与fix on构成被动关系，作伴随状语)
With a lot of work to do, he refused the invitation to the party.
有很多工作要做，他拒绝了去晚会的邀请。（a lot of work与do构成被动关系，但表示“将要”，所以用不定式，作原因状语）
易混易错归纳
doing与to do作宾语时异同情况
(1) 意义相同的词有：start, begin, continue
start to do =start doing; begin to do=begin doing; continue to do=continue doing
(2)意义不同的词有：forget, remember, stop, try, regret, mean, can’t help, go on
forget to do 忘记要去做某事；forget doing忘记做过某事
remember to do 记得要去做某事；remember doing记得做过
stop to do 停止做某事；stop doing 停止做某事
try to do 努力做某事；try doing 试着做某事
regret to do 遗憾得去做某事；regret doing 后悔做过某事
mean to do 打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事
can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing情不自禁做某事
go on to do 继续去做另一件事；go on doing 继续做之前的事
2. to do ,doing与done做表语时区别：
(1)to do 作表语，表示主语的具体内容，表将来的动作行为与目的。主语通常是表示“意图、计划、打算等”词汇，如wish, plan, intention, dream, task, …；
(2)doing作主语，表示抽象或经常发生的动作行为，常常表示“职业、身份等”词汇，如job, career, work, duty….；
(3)done作表语，表示“感到…”或”被…”。
1．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share and watch short videos.
A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抖音在中国被称为抖音，是一款允许用户创建、分享和观看短视频的移动应用程序。分析句子结构可知allow与逻辑主语app构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选B。
2．（2024·天津南开·一模）Tom, along with his assistants, ________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A．work B．have been working C．is working D．are working
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆和他的助手们日夜工作以赶在最后期限前完成这个项目。根据句意和时间状语日日夜夜可以判断本句用现在进行时，句子主语为Tom，谓语采用第三人称单数，along with his assistants不影响谓语的单复数。故选C项。
3．（2024·天津南开·一模）Kathy reached the company out of breath only ________ she was fired.
A．told B．to be told C．being told D．having told
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凯西上气不接下气地赶到公司，却被告知她被解雇了。此处为only to do sth.，不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，且tell与Kathy构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故选B。
4．（2024·天津河北·一模）When Mrs Smith arrived at her company, she saw her office ________ dark blue by some workers.
A．to paint B．painting C．being painted D．to be painted
【答案】C
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当史密斯夫人到达她的公司时，她看到她的办公室被一些工人漆成了深蓝色。设空处为宾语补足语，表示看见某事正在发生，应用现在分词作补足语，和宾语her office之间是被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动语态，故选C。
5．（2024·天津·一模）Hate speech on the Internet causes violence, and undermines diversity and social unity, ________ the common values and principles that bond us together.
A．to threaten B．having threatened
C．threatening D．threatened
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网上的仇恨言论会引发暴力，逐渐破坏多样性和社会团结，威胁到将我们联系在一起的共同价值观和原则。分析句子结构并根据句意，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词的一般式，作结果状语。故选C。
6．（2024·天津宁河·一模）Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have enjoy this summer holiday.
A．have desired B．desired
C．have been desiring D．has been desiring
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从上个月开始，乔治和他以前的一些同学就一直想好好享受这个暑假。根据Since last month可知，表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，有可能进行下去，用现在完成进行时。再由主谓一致可知，名词+ along with+名词时，谓语动词和along with前面的名词George保持一致，即助动词应用has。故选D。
7．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today.
A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：店主和助手们今天会把订购的货物全部送到顾客手中。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语get sth done“使某事被做”，其中ordered为过去分词作后置定语，修饰all these goods；因为all these goods ordered与deliver之间为逻辑上存在动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。
8．（2024·天津·一模）Thirty years ago, the common way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages .
A．delivering B．delivered
C．to deliver D．to be delivered
【答案】D
【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：30年前，从远方的朋友那里得到消息的常见方式是写信，这需要很长时间才能送达。sth. takes/took some time to do是固定短语，意为“做某事花了一些时间”，因此空格处是不定式，信是被送，因此空格处是不定式的被动语态，即to be delivered，故选D。
9．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa.
A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植物园以各种各样的外来植物为特色，大部分是从热带和亚热带地区进口的，主要来自非洲。本句已有谓语features，设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词foreign plants作后置定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故选B。
10．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team.
A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，新来的人开始和团队相处得很好。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作状语。该动作和主语之间为主动关系，并且该动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故选D。
11．（2024·天津和平·一模）The actor is believed ______ the TV drama soon due to personal reasons.
A．to have left B．to leave C．to be left D．to have been left
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据信，由于个人原因，这位演员很快就会离开这部电视剧。be
believed to do意为“据信做某事”，leave“离开”和The actor逻辑上是主动关系，不需要用被动语态，可排除C和D项，且结合“soon”可知，leave的行为没有已经完成，不需要用完成式。故选B。
12．（2024·天津和平·一模）DX Sports Watch has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable ______.
A．to be worn B．to be wearing C．to wear D．to worn
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：DX运动手表有一个语音控制设置，可以让你保持免提，而它的防水带是完全可调节的，所以戴起来很舒服。形容词comfortable“舒服的”用于描述主语it的性质，此处应用固定结构be adj. to do，主动形式表示被动意义。故选C。
13．（2023·天津·二模）________ in scientific research, the new treatment offers hope for patients with rare diseases.
A．Rooted B．Rooting C．Having rooted D．To be rooted
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种基于科学研究的新疗法为患有罕见疾病的患者带来了希望。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作非谓语动词，逻辑主语the new treatment与动词root之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故选A项。
14．（2023·天津河西·三模）______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from the big city decided to stay in the countryside with her parents for another week.
A．Attracted B．Attracting C．Having attracted D．To attract
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被自然所吸引，来自城市的女孩决定和父母在农村再待一周。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语，attract与主语the girl之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，故选A。
15．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）—What matters for the cooperation between companies
—________differences in a sincere way.
A．Approached B．Having approached
C．To be approached D．Approaching
【答案】D
【详解】考查动名词。句意：——什么对企业之间的合作很重要？——以真诚的方式处理分歧。回答what应用动名词或动词不定式。根据句意可知，应该用动名词的一般式。故选D。
16．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The recent TV series Three-Body,________from Liu Cixin’s sci-fi book, has impressed audiences with its splendid visual effects.
A．adapted B．to be adapted C．adapting D．having adapted
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近改编自刘慈欣科幻小说的电视剧《三体》以其出色的视觉效果给观众留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知adapt与逻辑主语Three-Body构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。
17．（2023·天津·一模）On Felton Place, a street in Madison, Wisconsin, there is a very small library about 20 books.
A．holding B．held C．to hold D．having held
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在威斯康星州麦迪逊市的费尔顿街上，有一个非常小的里面有大约20本书的图书馆。分析句子结构可知hold与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选A。
18．（2023·天津河北·二模）The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, ________ us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
A．reminded B．to be reminded C．reminding D．having reminded
【答案】C
【详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：挑战者号的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒着我们必须继续探索星空，不管它们看起来有多遥远。句子主语The sacrifice of the Challenger和remind之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故选C。
19．（2023·天津河北·二模）We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China________globally.
A．hearing B．to hear C．having heard D．heard
【答案】D
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，讲好中国故事，让全球听到中国的声音。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语the voice of China与hear是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故选D。
20．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between.
A．Having presented B．To be presented C．Presenting D．Presented
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对两份工作机会，我们可能会想知道到底是什么让我们在两者之间做出选择（如何选择要看自己真正看重的是什么）。句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动和完成，作状语。故选D。
21．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．Enjoying B．Enjoyed C．To enjoy D．Having enjoyed
【答案】C
【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。A. Enjoying享受；B. Enjoyed享受；C. To enjoy为了享受；D. Having enjoyed享受过。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式，故选C项。
22．（2023·天津·二模）Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.
A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系，完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。
23．（2023·天津和平·二模）While we sleep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality.
A．to allow B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed
【答案】B
【详解】考查现在分词作状语。句意：当我们睡觉时，大脑会重放醒着时的活动模式，让我们进入虚拟现实。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为状语，表示睡觉时，大脑所作的动作的结果，表示一种自然而然的结果，所以空处用现在分词。选项B符合题意，故选B。
24．（2023·天津河东·二模）My first English teacher Ms. Wang has retired, but she still remembers the happy time with us students.
A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．spent
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的第一位英语老师王老师已经退休了，但她仍然记得和我们学生一起度过的快乐时光。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词the happy time 与spend之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。
25．（2023·天津河北·一模）Sometimes he wants to give up, but he becomes ________ when he thinks about helping the poor children in the West.
A．inspiring B．to be inspired C．inspired D．having inspired
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时他想放弃，但当他想到帮助西方的贫困儿童时，他就受到了鼓舞。说明人的主观感受，该空用修饰人的形容词inspired (受到鼓舞的)作表语。故选C项。
26．（2023·天津河北·一模）Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination ________ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status.
A．to boast B．being boasted C．boasted D．boasting
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，敦煌是一个世界级的旅游目的地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的遗产地位。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词boast和逻辑主语Dunhuang为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故选D项。
27．（2023·天津·一模）In January 2023, a new year film, Full River Red, ________ in Song dynasty, was released and made a hit immediately.
A．set B．setting C．having set D．to set
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年1月，一部以宋朝为背景的新年电影《满江红》上映，一炮而
红。句中有谓语was released和made，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a new year film, Full River Red，且二者之间是被动关系，应用set（以……为背景）的过去分词形式set作后置定语，故选A。
28．（2023·天津南开·一模）Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck
【答案】B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：去年四月，由于火山灰层，成千上万的游客滞留在国外。本句已有谓语remained且无连词，动词stick (滞留)用非谓语形式，逻辑主语holidaymakers与动词stick是动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作表语，表状态，故选B。
29．（2023·天津南开·一模）Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place.
A．to promote B．having promoted
C．to be promoted D．promoted
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到世博会的主题是促进文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌是一个理想的地方。此处说明theme的内容用不定式作表语，且主语the theme of the Expo与promote是逻辑主动关系，故选A。
30．（2023·天津·一模）According to a study ______ in the magazine Science, the changes in the sounds of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many sea animals.
A．publishing B．published C．having published D．to publish
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，海洋和其他水道声音的变化影响着许多海洋动物。此处为非谓语动词，动词publish和前文名词study之间是逻辑被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故选B项。
31．（2023·天津·一模）______ in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork.
A．To grow up B．Being grown up C．Growing up D．Grown up
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在英国长大，父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。自从我能够拿起刀叉以来，我就喜欢上了这两个国家的食物。分析句子可知，空处缺少非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语I与grow up构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词growing。故选C项。
32．（2023·天津红桥·一模）BYD Motor is designing more new models, ______ a 20 percent growth in sales this year.
A．eyeing B．eyes C．eyed D．having eyed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：比亚迪汽车正在设计更多的新车型，希望今年的销量能增长20%。分析句子结构可知eye与逻辑主语BYD Motor is designing more new models构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选A。
33．（2023·天津河东·一模）It takes a bit of practice________ comfortable when foreigners learn to use chopsticks to eat.
A．feeling B．to feel C．felt D．to be felt
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当外国人学习用筷子吃饭时，需要一些练习才能感到舒服。分析句子结构可知，此处应为it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，feel为系动词与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所
以使用不定式的主动形式to feel作真正的主语。故选B项。
34．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention.
A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从互联网到数字电视等新媒体的发展，意味着从事广告工作的人将不得不想出更多方法来吸引公众的注意力。分析句子结构可知，means是谓语，that引导的是宾语从句，从句中的谓语是will have，所以此处应为非谓语动词，range与其逻辑主语the development of new media之间为主动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的是当前的状态，所以使用现在分词形式作定语。故选D项。
35．（2023·天津和平·一模）I was 12 and ,________all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at the new school.
A．lost B．having been lost C．having lost D．losing
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我12岁，失去了所有的老朋友，在新学校我感到害羞和孤独。空处应填非谓语动词作状语，lose与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，且动词已经完成，应用现在分词的完成式having done。故选C。
36．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）_____ to resemble a lotus flower, Singapore’s Art Science Museum appears to float above the water that surrounds it.
A．Being shaped B．To shape C．Shaped D．Shaping
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新加坡艺术科学博物馆的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在周围的水面上。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Singapore’s Art Science Museum与shape之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选C。
37．（2022·天津南开·一模）Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A．to leave B．leaving C．left D．having left
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曾经伟大的城市都成了废墟，留下了许多谜团等待后人去解开。句中谓语是fell，空格处用非谓语动词，现在分词表示顺其自然的结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。
38．（2022·天津·一模）________ on its judgment of the current COVID-19 epidemic situation, the epidemic prevention and control headquarters aimed ________ lockdown management gradually and restore residents’ lives to regular order starting on Thursday.
A．Based; to lift B．Based; lifting C．Basing; to lift D．Basing; listing
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：市防控新冠疫情指挥部根据目前新冠疫情形势判断，从周四起逐步放松管制，有序回归正常生活。第一空be based on是固定搭配，这里作状语应用based；第二空常用be aimed at doing或aim to do。故选A。
39．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ if he had any bad habit, he replied that he was a heavy smoker.
A．Asked B．Asking C．Being asked D．To be asked
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被问到他是否有任何不良习惯时，他回答说他烟瘾很大。分析可知，空处作状语，应用非谓语动词，ask和逻辑主语he之间是被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词。虽然CD两项是被动，但本句不表动作的进行或发生在将来，故排除。故选A。
40．（2022·天津南开·二模）________ in reading now, he cannot hear what is happening outside.
A．Absorbing B．To absorb
C．Being absorbed D．Absorbed
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他现在全神贯注于阅读，听不到外面发生了什么。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“hear”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“be absorbed in doing sth.”意为“全神贯注于做某事”，句子主语“he”和“absorb”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“absorb”的过去分词“absorbed”作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故选D项。专题05 非谓语动词
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside
C．Giving away D．Getting back
2．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
A．Dating B．Being dated
C．To date D．To be dated
3．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings.
A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending
4．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China.
A．originating B．originated
C．being originated D．having originated
5．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually
succeeded in building a highly efficient system.
A．Trying B．Tried
C．Having tried D．Having been tried
6．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public.
A．posting B．to post
C．posted D．to be posted
7．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A．allowing B．being allowed
C．having allowed D．having been allowed
8．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping
9．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.
A．prepare B．prepares
C．is preparing D．are preparing
10．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills.
A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught
11．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
回顾知识体系
非谓语动词的时态和语态
形式 时态 主动 被动
动词ing 一般时 doing being done
完成时 having done having been done
不定式 一般时 to do to be done
完成时 to have done to have been done
进行时 to be doing
过去分词 表被动或完成 done
非谓语动词在句中可充当的主语、宾语和表语情况
形式 做主语 做宾语 做表语 定语 状语 宾语补足语
doing √ √ √ √ √ √
to do √ √ √ √ √ √
done √ √ √ √
回顾核心考点
1. to do 与doing 作主语时区别：
(1)to do作主语，强调具体的某次动作或行为；
(2)doing作主语，强调习惯性的行为。常见doing作主语的固定结构有：
It is no good doing… 做…没有好处
It is no use doing…做…没有用
It is a waste of time doing …做…浪费时间
It is worthwhile doing…做…是值得的
2. 非谓语动词作定语的区别：
现在分词作定语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作定语，表示“被动或完成”。
The house built 50 years ago will be pulled down soon.
50多年前被建的这个房子将被拆毁。(the house与build构成被动关系)
The workers building the house stopped for a rest.
建造房子的工人们停下来休息休息。（the workers与build构成主动关系）
不定式作定语，表“将来发生的动作”
The house to be built will become an office building soon.
将被建造的这个房子将成为办公楼。（the house与build构成被动关系，又表示将来的动作）
3. 非谓语作状语的区别：
现在分词作状语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作状语，表示“被动或完成”；不定式作状语，表示目的或结果。
Seen from space, the earth looks blue. =When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
当从太空看时，地球是蓝色的。(see与the earth构成被动关系，作时间状语)
Seeing the earth from space, we will find it blue. =When we see the earth from space, we’ll find it blue.
当从太空看地球时，我们发现它是蓝色的。（see与we构成主动关系，作时间状语）
He stayed in the lab, devoting himself to doing research. = He stayed in the lab, and devoted himself to doing research. 他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与devote oneself to构成主动关系，作伴随状语)
He stayed in the lab, devoted to doing research. = He stayed in the lab, and was devoted to doing research.
他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与be devoted to构成被动关系，作伴随状语)
To devote himself to doing research, he stayed in the lab day and night.
为了专注于做研究，他夜以继日得在实验室里待着。（不定式to devote oneself to doing research作目的状语）
He stayed in the lab for a long time, only to find that he missed the last bus.
他待在实验室时间太长了，结果发现他错过了最后一班车。(only to find...作结果状语)
现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾补的区别：
（1）”感官动词”+宾语+宾补
I heard him knocking at the door.
我听见他一直敲门。(宾语him与knock构成主动关系，表示持续不断的动作)
I heard him criticized by his boss.
我听见被老板批评。（宾语him与criticize构成被动关系）
I heard him close the door and go away.
我听见他关门走了。（宾语him与省略to的不定式close the door, go away构成主动关系，表示一个过程的结束）
感官动词包括see, hear, watch, observe, notice等
（2）“使役动词”+宾语+宾补
I had the partner post the letter.
我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语the partner与宾补post构成主动关系）
I had the letter posted by the partner.
我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语the letter与post构成被动关系）
I had the water running, causing waste.
我让水一直流淌着。（宾语the water与run构成主动关系，且表示持续不断的动作）
使役动词包括have, get, make, keep, leave等
（3）with +宾语+宾补
With Teachers’ Day approaching, the classmates expressed their thanks and wishes to the teachers.
随着教师节的来临，同学们纷纷表达对老师的感谢和祝福。（Teachers’ Day与approach构成主动关系，作时间状语）
I sat in the room for several minutes, with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我坐在屋子里几分钟，眼睛盯着天花板。(my eyes与fix on构成被动关系，作伴随状语)
With a lot of work to do, he refused the invitation to the party.
有很多工作要做，他拒绝了去晚会的邀请。（a lot of work与do构成被动关系，但表示“将要”，所以用不定式，作原因状语）
易混易错归纳
doing与to do作宾语时异同情况
(1) 意义相同的词有：start, begin, continue
start to do =start doing; begin to do=begin doing; continue to do=continue doing
(2)意义不同的词有：forget, remember, stop, try, regret, mean, can’t help, go on
forget to do 忘记要去做某事；forget doing忘记做过某事
remember to do 记得要去做某事；remember doing记得做过
stop to do 停止做某事；stop doing 停止做某事
try to do 努力做某事；try doing 试着做某事
regret to do 遗憾得去做某事；regret doing 后悔做过某事
mean to do 打算做某事；mean doing 意味着做某事
can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做某事；can’t help doing情不自禁做某事
go on to do 继续去做另一件事；go on doing 继续做之前的事
2. to do ,doing与done做表语时区别：
(1)to do 作表语，表示主语的具体内容，表将来的动作行为与目的。主语通常是表示“意图、计划、打算等”词汇，如wish, plan, intention, dream, task, …；
(2)doing作主语，表示抽象或经常发生的动作行为，常常表示“职业、身份等”词汇，如job, career, work, duty….；
(3)done作表语，表示“感到…”或”被…”。
1．（2024·天津南开·一模）TikTok, known as Douyin in China, is a mobile app ________ users to create, share
and watch short videos.
A．having allowed B．allowing C．allowed D．to be allowed
2．（2024·天津南开·一模）Tom, along with his assistants, ________ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A．work B．have been working C．is working D．are working
3．（2024·天津南开·一模）Kathy reached the company out of breath only ________ she was fired.
A．told B．to be told C．being told D．having told
4．（2024·天津河北·一模）When Mrs Smith arrived at her company, she saw her office ________ dark blue by some workers.
A．to paint B．painting C．being painted D．to be painted
5．（2024·天津·一模）Hate speech on the Internet causes violence, and undermines diversity and social unity, ________ the common values and principles that bond us together.
A．to threaten B．having threatened
C．threatening D．threatened
6．（2024·天津宁河·一模）Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have enjoy this summer holiday.
A．have desired B．desired
C．have been desiring D．has been desiring
7．（2024·天津·一模）The shopkeeper and assistants will get all these goods ordered ______ to the customers today.
A．to deliver B．delivering C．deliver D．delivered
8．（2024·天津·一模）Thirty years ago, the common way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages .
A．delivering B．delivered
C．to deliver D．to be delivered
9．（2024·天津河北·一模）The botanical garden features a wide variety of foreign plants, largely ________ from tropical and subtropical regions mainly from Africa.
A．importing B．imported C．being imported D．having imported
10．（2024·天津河东·一模）______for two days, the new comer started to get along well with the team.
A．To work B．Worked C．To be working D．Having worked
11．（2024·天津和平·一模）The actor is believed ______ the TV drama soon due to personal reasons.
A．to have left B．to leave C．to be left D．to have been left
12．（2024·天津和平·一模）DX Sports Watch has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable ______.
A．to be worn B．to be wearing C．to wear D．to worn
13．（2023·天津·二模）________ in scientific research, the new treatment offers hope for patients with rare diseases.
A．Rooted B．Rooting C．Having rooted D．To be rooted
14．（2023·天津河西·三模）______ by the beauty of nature, the girl from the big city decided to stay in the countryside with her parents for another week.
A．Attracted B．Attracting C．Having attracted D．To attract
15．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）—What matters for the cooperation between companies
—________differences in a sincere way.
A．Approached B．Having approached
C．To be approached D．Approaching
16．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）The recent TV series Three-Body,________from Liu Cixin’s sci-fi book, has impressed audiences with its splendid visual effects.
A．adapted B．to be adapted C．adapting D．having adapted
17．（2023·天津·一模）On Felton Place, a street in Madison, Wisconsin, there is a very small library about 20 books.
A．holding B．held C．to hold D．having held
18．（2023·天津河北·二模）The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, ________ us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem.
A．reminded B．to be reminded C．reminding D．having reminded
19．（2023·天津河北·二模）We should improve our ability to engage in international communication to tell the stories of China well and make the voice of China________globally.
A．hearing B．to hear C．having heard D．heard
20．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between.
A．Having presented B．To be presented C．Presenting D．Presented
21．（2023·天津南开·二模）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．Enjoying B．Enjoyed C．To enjoy D．Having enjoyed
22．（2023·天津·二模）Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain
facts of small-town life.
A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised
23．（2023·天津和平·二模）While we sleep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality.
A．to allow B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed
24．（2023·天津河东·二模）My first English teacher Ms. Wang has retired, but she still remembers the happy time with us students.
A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．spent
25．（2023·天津河北·一模）Sometimes he wants to give up, but he becomes ________ when he thinks about helping the poor children in the West.
A．inspiring B．to be inspired C．inspired D．having inspired
26．（2023·天津河北·一模）Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination ________ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status.
A．to boast B．being boasted C．boasted D．boasting
27．（2023·天津·一模）In January 2023, a new year film, Full River Red, ________ in Song dynasty, was released and made a hit immediately.
A．set B．setting C．having set D．to set
28．（2023·天津南开·一模）Last April, thousands of holidaymakers remained________ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck
29．（2023·天津南开·一模）Given that the theme of the Expo was________ cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation, Dunhuang was the ideal place.
A．to promote B．having promoted
C．to be promoted D．promoted
30．（2023·天津·一模）According to a study ______ in the magazine Science, the changes in the sounds of our oceans, seas, and other waterways affect many sea animals.
A．publishing B．published C．having published D．to publish
31．（2023·天津·一模）______ in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and a fork.
A．To grow up B．Being grown up C．Growing up D．Grown up
32．（2023·天津红桥·一模）BYD Motor is designing more new models, ______ a 20 percent growth in sales this year.
A．eyeing B．eyes C．eyed D．having eyed
33．（2023·天津河东·一模）It takes a bit of practice________ comfortable when foreigners learn to use chopsticks to eat.
A．feeling B．to feel C．felt D．to be felt
34．（2023·天津河东·一模）The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention.
A．ranges B．ranged C．to range D．ranging
35．（2023·天津和平·一模）I was 12 and ,________all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at the new school.
A．lost B．having been lost C．having lost D．losing
36．（2022·天津滨海新·一模）_____ to resemble a lotus flower, Singapore’s Art Science Museum appears to float above the water that surrounds it.
A．Being shaped B．To shape C．Shaped D．Shaping
37．（2022·天津南开·一模）Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A．to leave B．leaving C．left D．having left
38．（2022·天津·一模）________ on its judgment of the current COVID-19 epidemic situation, the epidemic prevention and control headquarters aimed ________ lockdown management gradually and restore residents’ lives to regular order starting on Thursday.
A．Based; to lift B．Based; lifting C．Basing; to lift D．Basing; listing
39．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ if he had any bad habit, he replied that he was a heavy smoker.
A．Asked B．Asking C．Being asked D．To be asked
40．（2022·天津南开·二模）________ in reading now, he cannot hear what is happening outside.
A．Absorbing B．To absorb
C．Being absorbed D．Absorbed
