高考英语二轮复习专题之阅读理解题型----词义猜测 教学设计
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| 更新时间 | 2024-04-16 12:55:48 | ||
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高考英语二轮复习专题之阅读理解题型----词义猜测 教学设计
Ⅰ.Learning objectives:
1. get the requirement of New English Curriculum Standards for guessing meanings of words.
2. conclude the strategies and the principle of guessing meanings of words in reading comprehension.
2. apply the strategies and principle of guessing meanings of words in reading comprehension
Ⅱ.Important and difficult points:
How to apply the strategies and principle in reading comprehension.
Ⅲ. Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in:
By sharing the poem about jellyfish, let student discover the approach to guessing the meanings of words —— word-formation.
It looks like a jelly, but swims like a fish, floating in the blue sea, as a beautiful umbrella.
Step 2 Word-formation
After listing some examples of word-formation, let students apply this strategy in task 1. Then, list the example of “online mouth double” to make students realize the importance of context.
smog smoke+fog
de-extinction de-(去掉) +extinction
dominant dominate + -ant(形容词后缀)
Task1 2018(Ⅰ)
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
1. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？
A.Complex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.
Task 2
Many netizens find it hard to express themselves directly. So when they find someone who has spoken out their inner thoughts for them, they call them “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.
2. A.互联网双下巴 B. 互联网嘴替
Step 3: Conclude and apply the explanation strategy
By finishing task 3, make students realize the function of punctuations which is to give explanation. Then list examples to make students conclude others 4 ways to find explanations in context. Finish task 4-5 to apply this strategy.
Task 3 2024·福建漳州·统考二模:
These models have their own weak points, and can sometimes be a black box———researchers know what goes in and comes out, but don’t quite understand how the algorithm (运算法则) is arriving at the conclusion.
3. What does the underlined term “black box” refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Al language models to study animal communication.
B. The researchers’ study on animal societies.
C. The relationship between words and context.
D. The method of Al algorithms to draw conclusions.
Explanation:
Punctuations 标点 ——— ; : " " ( )
Defining words：that; this; mean; be; refer to; be defined as; represent
Attribute (clauses) 定语（从句）
Appositive (clauses) 同位语（从句）
Examples: for example/instance; such as; like; including
Task 4 2023·浙江1月卷:
This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out (消除), yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
4. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
Task 5 潮南区2022-2023学年度第二学期期初高三摸底考试:
That’s why I don’t understand helicopter parents, the ones who suffer from great guilt and shame if they can’t make every single piano practice or football game. Your kids probably don’t care. Let them go and have some fun.
5. What do the underlined words “helicopter parents” in paragraph 3 mean
A. The parents who can fly helicopters.
B. The parents who pick up their kids on time.
C. The parents who enjoy participating in sports.
D. The parents who focus too much on their kids.
Step 4: Conclude the procedures.
By reviewing the procedures students just used, conclude the “CUP” principle.
Circle the key words Underline related sentences Put options back
Step 5: Conclude and apply the logical words strategy
After finishing task 6, realize the function of logical words. And then, put the various logical words back to the different groups. Finish task 7-9 to apply this strategy.
Task 6 2024 武汉二调:
Physicists didn’t pull the idea out of thin air——rather, several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse’s existence.
6.What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Out of date. B. Out of place. C. Out of nowhere. D. Out of question.
Logical words:
并列：in other words; the same as; and; as well as
因果：so…that; as a result; since; therefore; for; hence
转折：rather than; in contrast; yet; nevertheless; instead of
递进: further more; in addition; besides; what’s more
Task 7 2017·新课标卷III，C:
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.
7. What does the underlined word ＂displaced＂ in paragraph 2 mean
A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
Task 8 全国II 2014:
She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on …
8. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A. encourage teamwork. B. appeal to feelings.
C. promote good deeds. D. provide advice.
Task 9 2016·新课标全国卷III:
There are also apple varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
9. What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
Step 6: Conclude and apply these three strategies together
By finishing task 10, make students conclude and apply these three strategies together.
Task 10 2022·全国高考乙卷:
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
10. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
Step 7: Design the reading comprehension
Divide students in to 3 groups and make them use the required strategy to design the reading comprehension with only two options.
Strategy 1: Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ＂But I’m just not creative.＂
Strategy 2: Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.
Strategy 3：According to Wright’s estimate, in the next 1 million years or so, the cracks will continue to expand, and the Horn of Africa will completely detach from the African continent, forming the eighth largest continent on Earth—East Africa.
Ⅳ Homework：
1. Try to redraw the mind map of guessing the words in reading comprehension.
2. Design the reading comprehension in the given context.
Ⅰ.Learning objectives:
1. get the requirement of New English Curriculum Standards for guessing meanings of words.
2. conclude the strategies and the principle of guessing meanings of words in reading comprehension.
2. apply the strategies and principle of guessing meanings of words in reading comprehension
Ⅱ.Important and difficult points:
How to apply the strategies and principle in reading comprehension.
Ⅲ. Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in:
By sharing the poem about jellyfish, let student discover the approach to guessing the meanings of words —— word-formation.
It looks like a jelly, but swims like a fish, floating in the blue sea, as a beautiful umbrella.
Step 2 Word-formation
After listing some examples of word-formation, let students apply this strategy in task 1. Then, list the example of “online mouth double” to make students realize the importance of context.
smog smoke+fog
de-extinction de-(去掉) +extinction
dominant dominate + -ant(形容词后缀)
Task1 2018(Ⅰ)
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
1. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？
A.Complex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.
Task 2
Many netizens find it hard to express themselves directly. So when they find someone who has spoken out their inner thoughts for them, they call them “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.
2. A.互联网双下巴 B. 互联网嘴替
Step 3: Conclude and apply the explanation strategy
By finishing task 3, make students realize the function of punctuations which is to give explanation. Then list examples to make students conclude others 4 ways to find explanations in context. Finish task 4-5 to apply this strategy.
Task 3 2024·福建漳州·统考二模:
These models have their own weak points, and can sometimes be a black box———researchers know what goes in and comes out, but don’t quite understand how the algorithm (运算法则) is arriving at the conclusion.
3. What does the underlined term “black box” refer to in Paragraph 3
A. Al language models to study animal communication.
B. The researchers’ study on animal societies.
C. The relationship between words and context.
D. The method of Al algorithms to draw conclusions.
Explanation:
Punctuations 标点 ——— ; : " " ( )
Defining words：that; this; mean; be; refer to; be defined as; represent
Attribute (clauses) 定语（从句）
Appositive (clauses) 同位语（从句）
Examples: for example/instance; such as; like; including
Task 4 2023·浙江1月卷:
This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out (消除), yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
4. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
Task 5 潮南区2022-2023学年度第二学期期初高三摸底考试:
That’s why I don’t understand helicopter parents, the ones who suffer from great guilt and shame if they can’t make every single piano practice or football game. Your kids probably don’t care. Let them go and have some fun.
5. What do the underlined words “helicopter parents” in paragraph 3 mean
A. The parents who can fly helicopters.
B. The parents who pick up their kids on time.
C. The parents who enjoy participating in sports.
D. The parents who focus too much on their kids.
Step 4: Conclude the procedures.
By reviewing the procedures students just used, conclude the “CUP” principle.
Circle the key words Underline related sentences Put options back
Step 5: Conclude and apply the logical words strategy
After finishing task 6, realize the function of logical words. And then, put the various logical words back to the different groups. Finish task 7-9 to apply this strategy.
Task 6 2024 武汉二调:
Physicists didn’t pull the idea out of thin air——rather, several distinct lines of reasoning seem to point to the multiverse’s existence.
6.What do the underlined words in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Out of date. B. Out of place. C. Out of nowhere. D. Out of question.
Logical words:
并列：in other words; the same as; and; as well as
因果：so…that; as a result; since; therefore; for; hence
转折：rather than; in contrast; yet; nevertheless; instead of
递进: further more; in addition; besides; what’s more
Task 7 2017·新课标卷III，C:
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.
7. What does the underlined word ＂displaced＂ in paragraph 2 mean
A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
Task 8 全国II 2014:
She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on …
8. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A. encourage teamwork. B. appeal to feelings.
C. promote good deeds. D. provide advice.
Task 9 2016·新课标全国卷III:
There are also apple varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
9. What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
Step 6: Conclude and apply these three strategies together
By finishing task 10, make students conclude and apply these three strategies together.
Task 10 2022·全国高考乙卷:
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
10. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
Step 7: Design the reading comprehension
Divide students in to 3 groups and make them use the required strategy to design the reading comprehension with only two options.
Strategy 1: Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, ＂But I’m just not creative.＂
Strategy 2: Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.
Strategy 3：According to Wright’s estimate, in the next 1 million years or so, the cracks will continue to expand, and the Horn of Africa will completely detach from the African continent, forming the eighth largest continent on Earth—East Africa.
Ⅳ Homework：
1. Try to redraw the mind map of guessing the words in reading comprehension.
2. Design the reading comprehension in the given context.