Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.知识点总结归纳【人教版八年级上册】

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
Section A
1a-1c
Tom is tall. Jim is short.
Tom is taller than Jim.
Jim is shorter than Tom.
Lin Xin is thin. Liu fei is thinner.
Liu fei is thinner than Lin Xin.
Yang mi is outgoing. Yang ying is more outgoing
Yang ying is more outgoing than Yang mi
The purple ruler is long. The blue ruler is short.
The blue ruler is shorter than the purple ruler.
The purple ruler is longer than the blue ruler.
句型结构：
主语(A)+谓语(be)+adj.比较级+than+比较对象(B)
The red box is larger than the green box.
I am more outgoing than my sister.
Tom is friendlier than his brother.
形容词、副词比较级的构成
1）直接在形容词后加-er。
tall——taller short——shorter small——smaller
2）以不发音的e结尾的形容词直接在其后加-r。
nice——nicer large ——larger white——whiter
以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写
这个辅音字母再加-er.
big——bigger thin——thinner fat——fatter
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er。
happy——happier heavy—heavier easy—— easier
多音节和部分双音节形容词在其前面加more。
outgoing——more outgoing
beautiful——more beautiful
popular ------more popular
6)不规则变化
good/well----better many/much-----more little-----less
bad/badly-----worse far-----farther/further
Both Sam and Tom can play the drums.
both用于两者，表示“两者都”
both ....and..，.用语链接两个表示并列关系的句子成分 ...和....都，既...又...
e.g: Both Tom and Lucy jump high Tom和Lucy跳的都高
Both Mike and Jim have brown hair. 迈克和吉姆都是棕色的头发。
He can speak both English and Chinese. 他会说英语和汉语。
2a-2d
Tom sings loudly. Jim sings quietly.
Tom sings more loudly than Jim.
Tom runs fast. Jim runs faster.
Jim runs faster than Tom.
Gina gets up early. Jenny gets up earlier.
Jenny gets up earlier than Gina.
句型结构：
主语(A)+谓语(实义)+adv.比较级+than+比较对象(B)
Jim sings more quietly than Tom.
He sings more loudly than them.
I run faster than you.
My sister jumps higher than me.
原级比较
Lucy is two years old.
Lily is two years old, too.
Lucy is as old as Lily.
Grammar Focus
1． …as+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “如同…一样…”
否定：… not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “不如……”
This dress is as beautiful as that one.
Linda sings as well as Lily.
Tom isn’t as/so tall as Jim.
I don’t sing as/so loudly as my sister.
2. 形容词和副词的比较级
（1）大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: good – better - best
（2）比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。 常用连词than连接
（3）主语必须与对比成分保持一致：
主语(A)+谓语(be)+adj.比较级+than+比较对象(B)
主语(A)+谓语(实义)+adv.比较级+than+比较对象(B)
e.g: Her hair is longer than yours.(→your hair)
Sam is taller than Tom.
Sam jumps higher than Tom.
（4）比较级＋and＋比较级：越来越…… e.g. They talked more and more loudly.
Our school is more and more beautiful.
the比较级…, the＋比较级…；越…就越…
The more exercise you do, the stronger you’ll be.
“Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？”
e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one
Which is bigger, the sun or the moon
Who is taller, Tom or Jim
（7）the+比较级+of the（ two ） : 两者中较…的一个；
e.g：Of the twins, she was the more hard-working .
The blue pen is the cheaper of the two.
比较级+than any other+单数名词 “比任何其他的......都......”。
=比较级+than the other+复数名词
e.g：Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other boys in his class.
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China
　　 =Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China
（9）比较级常与much, even, far, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用.
e.g：Sam is much taller than Tom.
Sam is a little taller than Tom.
Section B
1a-1e
be talented in sth/ doing sth 在某方面有天赋
The boy is talented in swimming 这个男孩在游泳方面有天赋
Alice is talented in music.
Susan is talented in playing the piano.
同义短语：
be good at sth/ doing sth 擅长….
I am good at English. She is good at playing football.
the same as 和…相同 The bag is the same as that one这个包和那个一样
truly adv 真实，真正 I’m truly want to go home. He truly wants to be a dentist.
true adj 真正的 This is a true story.
truth n 真相 事实 Can you tell me the truth.
Make sb/sth +adj 让某人/某物......
You should make your parents happy.
1) Mary and her best friend are both tall. （both：两个都；用在be动词，助动词之后）
They are both students. You are both too young.
2）They both like sports. （both：两个都；用在实动之前）
We both like music They both speak English.
3） both of +人称代词的兵哥形式/名词复数时， 两者都， 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。
Both of the books are interesting.
Both of us are students.
Both of them want to go home.
both…and…两者都…… 反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不……
注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:两者中任一个；every：每个（三者或三者以上）
2b
I’m quieter and more serious than most kids.
Serious: adj 严肃的 稳重的 Mr Green is serious in class.
Seriously: adv 严肃地
Be serious about 对......认真 He is serious about the English exam.
That’s why I like reading books and I work harder in class.
那就是我为什麽喜欢读书并且在课上学习更努力的原因。
That’s why+句子 那就是为什么… ... 那就是......的原因
eg: That’s why I was late yesterday.
That’s why I don’t want to leave here.
He got up late,and that’s why he missed the bus.
That’s because+句子 那是因为......
e.g: That’s because she is not old enough.
3) It’s not easy for me to make friends. (make friends with sb. 与...交朋友)
It’s+adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么样. (It是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语)
4) I think friends are like books---you don’t need a lot of them, as long as they are good. 我认为朋友就像书一样------你不需要太多，只要他们好就行。
as long as 只要，既然，引导条件状语从句，可以用so long as 代替。
e.g: As long as you study hard, you will get good grades.
You will get good grades, as long as you study hard
As long as you need my help, I will stay here.
as long as 既然， 和......一样长， 时间长达
eg: The river is as long as that one.
Tom lived in China as long as 10 years.
5). It’s not necessary to be the same as my friend. 和我的朋友一样是不必的。
It’s necessary to do sth 做某事是有必要的。
It’s necessary to keep quite in class.
6). My best friend Larry is quite different from me.我的朋友Larry和我相当的不同
different adj 不同的 differently adv 不同地 difference n 不同
be different from: 与......不同 the car is different from that one.
be the same as: 与.....相不同 the car is the same as one.
7).Larry often helps to bring out the best in me..Larry
经常帮助我表现出我最好的一面。
bring out 使呈现 使表现
bring out the best/worst in sb 把某人最好的/最坏的一面显现出来
8).Larry is less hard-working than me.===Larry isn’t so hard-working as me
==Larry doesn’t work as hard as me. Larry 不如我勤奋的多。
9） A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
一位真正的朋友向你伸出援助之手并且打动你的内心。
reach for one’s hand 伸手帮助某人一把。 Can you reach for my hand.
touch one’s heart 令某人感动 The story touched my heart.
10). She made me laugh and feel better. ( laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人)
make/let sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事
make+宾语+形容词: 使某人/某事怎样 e.g: His words make us happy.
We can talk about and share everything.
Share 分享 共享 Three people share the room
Share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 I share a bedroom with my sister.
We should share ideas with others.
作文
My Best Friend
My best friend is Li Yun. I am thirteen years old，and she is the same age as me.She is as tall as me.She has long hair.She often wears a pink shirt and blue trousers.She is the monitor of our class.She does well in English.I think she is very friendly. She often helps me with my English learning.
As the saying goes，“You don't need a lot of friends as long as they're good．” Li Yun is my best friend.I like to stay with her，because she is outgoing and always makes people around her happy and relaxed．
I feel happy to have such a good friend.I hope our friendship will last forever．
人物特征
【话题分析】
本单元以“人物个性特征”为话题，向我们展示了如何谈论人物特征如外貌特征（tall; short; thin; heavy; long/short hair等）、个性特点（outgoing; funny; friendly; hardworking; smart等）等，如何运用比较级来对人物进行比较，具体到书面表达中，要求同学们会根据所学内容来描写人物之间的相同点和不同点。
【写作实例】
《同步学习周报》正在联袂阳光中学举行“我的闺蜜我来谈”活动。请你根据下表中提供的信息，写一篇短文介绍你和你最好的朋友Nancy的相同之处和不同之处。
要求：1. 包括信息中提及的所有内容，语句通顺，条理清楚。
2. 字数80个词左右（开头已经给出，不计入总词数），可适当加以发挥。
人物 不同点 相同点
Nancy 1. 比我高得多, 更外向 2. 更擅长唱歌、跳舞` 3. 喜欢去听音乐会 1. 喜欢运动 2. 学习努力, 各门功课都学得好 3. 喜欢阅读, 通常在周末一起去图书馆
I 1. 喜欢上网 2. 喜欢旅游
对朋友之间的异同点的看法：……（至少两点）
Nancy is my best friend. In some ways, we are the same.
【思路点拨】
步骤 构思 列纲
1 总述Nancy和我存在异同 In some ways,… and in some ways…
2 叙述我们的相同之处 Like sports; hardworking; like reading; go to the library
3 分述我们的不同之处 taller and more outgoing; be better at singing and dancing；surfing the Internet
【范文示例】
Nancy is my best friend. In some ways, we are the same and in some ways we are different.
Both of us like sports. We are both hard-working and good at our subjects. We both like reading, and we usually go to the library together on weekends.
As for the differences, she is taller and more outgoing than me. She is better at singing and dancing. She likes going to the concert. For me, I like surfing the Internet. And I love traveling.
In fact, I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different from me. I think my best friend helps me brings out the best in me.
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