辽宁省东北育才学校外研版英语必修四学案：Module 3-Module 4

必修四Module 3—4
砖
混凝土
泥
替换的，供选择的
罪，罪行
预测
危险的，冒险的
材料
依靠
太阳的
（用语言信号）传递信息交流vi.
无意的；不知不觉的
攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的
传统地
协议；交易
前额
鞠躬
年轻人
张开
意识到的；自觉的
脚踝
嘴唇
交流；沟通
弯下腰
紧抱；拥抱
凝视；盯着看
擦；抹
宗教
主人
恐慌；惊慌
粗鲁的；无礼的
邀请n.
请求；要求
恩惠；善意的行为
现场的
表演
表演者
平等
社会的
葬礼
生物学
植物学
主要的
人物
教育
农业
出版
突破
支持
产量
出口
农业的
取代；以…代替
数量
质量
受害者
简短的；简洁的
部分地;在一定程度上
身体的
毕业
个人的
火箭
爆炸；爆炸声
爆炸
逃跑；逃避
（弓）箭
直的
（烟雾）消散
介副词及习语填空
reason ________...的原因
more ______比…多，不仅仅，非常
be conscious _______察觉到
be introduced ______被介绍给
make a _______做交易
be involved ________被卷入，涉及
________difficult 稍微有点难
_____respect 表示尊敬
hold _______举起，树立，耽搁，延误
give ________颁发，穿帮
________主食
bring _____抚养长大，使上升，提出
key ______ sth … 关键
search __________寻找
bring _________引进，赚（钱）
be converted ______被转变成…
be diagnosed ______被诊断出
______accident 意外，偶然
be ______war 交战
be attached ______被附加到…
______ a …direction 朝…方向
keys: 1. for 2. tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n 3. of 4. to 5. deal 6. in 7. slightly 8. in 9. up 10. away 11. staple 12. up 13. to 14. for 15. in 16. to 17. with 18. by 19. at 20. to 21. in
基本句型用法归纳
一．figure (pl.) （代表数量，尤指官方资料中的）数字；
（a person of the type mentioned）人物，人士；（远处人的）轮廓，（隐约可见的）人影；
身材，体形，（尤指）身段；
雕像，塑像；
（书中的）图，表；图形
______________________________音乐界一位主要人物
_________________________________政治人物
a _______________________in black 一个黑衣高个子人影。
figure______________合计为, 计算出, 解决, 断定, 领会到
We must________________________________________. 我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。
I couldn't_____________________________________________. 我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。
高考链接
1. The present situat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ______ its reality.
A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off
2.We cannot f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )igure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that B. as C. why D. when
3. It’s important for the figures regularly.
A. to be updated ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated
二．attach vt. 附上，附加…之上
Attach___________________________ sth 认为…有重要性（意义， 价值，分量等）； 重视
Be attached_________________依恋，爱慕，附属于， 为…工作
高考链接
1.The good thing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about children is that they very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
2. Parents much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A. attach B. pay C. link D. apply
三．vary vi. （大小，形状等）________________
常见搭配：vary __________sth
The students' work_____________________________. 学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
或：The quality of the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents' work varies considerably. 学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
高考链接
Try not to st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )art every sentence with “the”. _____ the beginnings of your sentences.
A. Vary B. Decorate C. Form D. Describe
四．________________包括, 包含, 牵涉, 牵连（某人[某事物]）
All the chil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dren were_______________________.所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的戏剧。
The matter is serious because it__________________________.这件事很严重，因为它影响（牵扯）到你的声誉。
常用搭配：____________________ 被卷入，被涉及，有关联
高考链接
1. 【2013江西】There ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a small number of people involved, possibly ______twenty.
A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as
2. 【2013福建】 Michell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending quite a lot of time with students.
A. enjoys B. involves C. practices D. suggests
五．in respect____________
引申：in respect of _____________________
With respect to ________________
Her work is good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______________________but bad in respect of quantity. 她的工作质量好但是数量差。
The two groups were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )similar__________________________. 这两组在收入和地位方面是相似的。
六．hold up 举起，抬起，延迟，阻碍；举出（例子）；提出（作为榜样）
She’s _________________well under the pressure. 她承受住了压力。
An accident ___________________traffic. 一场事故造成了交通阻塞。
My application __________________by the postal strike. 我的申请因邮政部门罢工而耽搁了。
She’s always ________________________models of good behaviour. 她总是举例说自己的孩子表现如何好。
引申：hold 其它的词组
Hold________等一下，坚持住，
hold _____________抓紧，不放开，
hold_____________维持，坚持，给予希望，使有可能，伸出手；
hold______________（使）保持团结；
hold off 延迟，推迟；
hold_____________拦阻，阻挡，隐瞒，抑制，控制（感情等）
高考链接
1. (2012天津)---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
---- OK, I’ll call back later.
A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up
2. -- Is Peter there
--- _____________, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off
3.－I’m sorry I’m late. I got held up in the traffic on my way here.
－ .
A. Don’t be late next time B. You should be blamed
C. It doesn’t m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atter, I’m also late D. Never e and sit down
4.What shall we use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for power when all the oil in the world has _____
A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up
七．conscious adj._________________；感觉到的；
常用短语：be conscious____________认识到；察觉到（某事）
I was increasingly__________________________________.=I was increasingly conscious that many people were staring at me. 我逐渐注意到路人对自己的注意。
引申：_________________ adj. 没有意识的；感觉不到的；不清醒的
conscience n. [C]_____________________；
__________________n. [U] 知觉；感觉；意识；观念
______________________________失去/恢复知觉
高考链接
1. 【2013湖北】 Pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A. appropriate B. conscious C. arbitrary D. controversial
2. After he became ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )conscious，he remembered_____ and_________ on the head with a rod．
A．to attack; hit B．to be attacked；to be hit
C. attacking；be hit D．having been attacked；hit
八．toast (1) vt. vi.烤（面包等）；使暖和；敬酒
n.烤面包；干杯；祝酒
I like_____________________. 我早餐喜欢吃烤面包。
Let’s _____________________________the health of the guests.让我们提议为来宾的健康干杯。
模块三四综合练习
完形填空
Today we spent the m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orning going through our personal belongings .We were looking for items to __1__ for free at a local park. Not just any items but things people really _ 2__. Our aim was not to find things we no longer __3__ but things we use every day that would be _4___ to others.
We packed these things ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) _5__ boxes and added some small toys. We added a list of local addresses and phone numbers of local ___6__ agencies. Inside the boxes a simple letter was placed. It _7___: “Please take these items and know that your life is important. __8____ are difficult but these days will pass. We share what we have believing that it will __9___ . Use the food to nurture your __10__; use the blankets to stay warm . Be safe and know that the human ___11___ can overcome anything .Do not hold your head __12___ for having a need to stay warm .Someday please do the same when you can .”
This kind __13___ was not because the phone rang or for any reason. It was ___14__ because it was the right to do. We have often seen __15___ people at the park where we left the belongings. I __16___ that my wife had put her favorite green coat into one of the boxes. I asked if she was__17___ about it and she just replied that it had a hood (兜帽) . Her answer told me why it is I who love her. She liked the coat but knew the hood could __18___ someone from the rain.
Who knows where the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se gifts of __19___ will go ？How many uses can a blanket serve _20__ what it was designed to do We never go back and see what happens .It is unimportant .The right things will find the right people and that is all that counts.
1. A. put off B. put up C. give away D. give up
2. A. needed B. collected C. produced D. searched
3. A. accepted B. wanted C. carried D. bought
4. A. wonderful B. beautiful C. hopeful D. useful
5. A. around B. upon C. into D. above
6. A working B. parking C. delivering D. helping
7. A. spoke B. read C. marked D. indicated
8. A. Ways B. Problems C. Times D. Situations
9. A. matter B. continue C. change D. depend
10. A. body B. mind C. brain D. muscle
11. A. liberty B. spirit C. health D. wisdom
12. A. forward B. aside C. around D. down
13. A. attempt B. manner C. act D. habit
14. A. suddenly B. simply C. strangely D. usually
15. A. aimless B. homeless C. childless D. friendless
16. A. believed B. dreamed C. approved D. noticed
17. A. sure B. regretful C. worried D. anxious
18. A. separate B. prevent C. shelter D. hold
19. A. affection B. sympathy C. generosity D. honesty
20. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. better than
阅读理解
A
A few years ago, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my younger sister and I were the first to board our flight for Norfolk, Virginia. Just as we were about to board the plane, a mechanic came out of the aircraft and blocked the door with his arms. He turned to the flight attendant and hurriedly stated, “We got problems!”
I thought to mysel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f, “Why did I have to be the one to hear that Why couldn’t I have been at the back of the line I didn’t need to know that!” Very soon we were back in the terminal, waiting, and then finally back on the plane. I waited for the pilot to give an explanation. Pilots take courses to ease passengers’ mind, right They know what to say to calm nerves.
Unfortunately, I di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dn’t think this pilot took that course. Soon his voice thundered throughout the plane, “Sorry for the delay, ladies and gentlemen. We had no power on the plane. We have a generator on the ground right now, and we’re going to jump-start the engines. Once we get them going, we’ll get up in the air and head to Norfolk, and see what happens.”
See what happe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ns We were going to get up in the air, and see what happens Couldn’t we have another plan, one that’s been worked out just a little better
At this point ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), all I could do was to laugh nervously. One woman started yelling, “Oh no! We’re going to crash!” There were sighs of desperation and anxiety spreading throughout the cabin. Finally, we got up in the air thirty minutes later, and what happened Nothing ---other than thrust (推力) and lift. We arrived in Norfolk, and no sooner had the wheels touched the ground than a round of applause burst out, as everyone throughout the airplane simultaneously (同时) breathed a sigh of relief.
Although, I did since ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rely like to have a plan better than “see what happens” worked out when flying --- it really isn’t such a bad life strategy. Success will never be guaranteed. The best thing you can do is just get up in the air, and see what happens. Sometimes adjustments would be made in the air, or shall we say, in the middle of the process.
1. The purpose of the text is to _______.
A. introduce a frightening flight experience
B. prove that taking a plane is dangerous
C. show a strategy of making plans
D. tell readers a life strategy
2. What event was beyond the author’s expectation
A. The mechanic explained the problems to the passengers.
B. The pilot said nothing to calm the passengers.
C. The passengers arrived in Norfolk safely.
D. The flight was delayed for half an hour.
3. Having known the problems, many passengers _________.
A. felt desperate and anxious
B. stood up and started yelling
C. waited calmly for the problems to be solved
D. complained about the mechanic’s carelessness
4. Which opinion would the author most probably hold
A. To ensure success, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don’t get started before you’ve got everything ready.
B. To avoid repeating ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )failure, give yourself all the reasons why you can’t.
C. To set up a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) business, don’t wait until you have everything you need.
D. To achieve success, try to prepare for the worse
B
It is unlawful f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or an employer to publish a discriminatory advertisement.
How to identify a discriminatory(歧视的) advertisement:
◆ It must be read as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a whole, and account must be taken not only of the words, but also of the pictures that it uses.
◆ Job titles that h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave sexual connotations（内涵） mean an intention to discriminate on the grounds of sex.
Example 1
A notice in a res ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )taurant window states: “Waiters required”. The word “waiters” has a male, not a female, connotation. The advertisement does not contain an equal opportunities statement and does not specify that the jobs are open to men and women.
Example2
A medical cl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inic places an advertisement for a nurse with a photograph of a female nurse. Nursing is an occupation that is traditionally associated with women. The advertisement does not contain an equal opportunities statement.
Good practice checklist:
◆ Advertise widely ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so that as many suitably qualified people as possible have an opportunity to apply.
◆ Do not publish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )job advertisements in locations or publications where they are likely to be read wholly or mainly by people who share a particular community background, sex, race, disability, or age.
◆ Use language whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch is clear and simple and do not use abstract words. For example, when describing the working environment or the characteristics of desirable employees, do not use words like young, mature or energetic.
◆ Where possible, d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o not use job titles which have a male or female connotation. For example, do not use the following words---
waiter/w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aitress salesman/ salesgirl postman manageress foreman
storeman mat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ron chairman/ chairwoman head master/ mistress
Instead, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) where possible, use job titles that have gender-neutral connotation, For example, the following words are appropriate---
waiting staff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sales assistant postal worker manager stores person supervisor chairperson nurse manager head teacher
1.When trying to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) identify what might be a discriminatory advertisement, we should pay attention to its______.
A length and words B. length and pictures
C. style and words D. words and pictures
2. From the two examples, we know that ______.
A. nowadays, restaurants prefer male to female workers
B. the traditional view that a nurse should be female is wrong.
C. the job title ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is one of the most important factors in an advertisement
D. advertisements for medical clinics shouldn’t have photographs
3. If you wan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t to place an advertisement for a designer, you should publish it in ____.
A. Southern Weekend B. Titan Sports
C. Entertainment Weekly D. Shanghai lawyer
C
Scientists are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )using a kind of eye-tracking equipment to learn how babies look at the world. In the lab, children 5 months and older crawl (爬行) and walk up, down and over adjustable wooden slopes (斜坡), gaps and steps.
It may seem like the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et for a new reality television show, but there are no prizes, except perhaps for the researchers. They hope to understand what makes one child respond to another, how babies adjust their look to their hands and feet to handle objects, and how these very young children adapt to changes.
The findings provi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ded by these eye-trackers suggest that babies may be more capable of understanding and acting on what they see than had been thought. “Quick looks at their mothers’ faces may be all they need to get the information they want. They seem to be surprisingly efficient,” said John Franchak who studies psychology at New York University.
Although sig ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ht might largely seem effortless to us, in reality we actively choose what we look at, making about two to four eye movements every second for some 150,000 motions (运动) daily, said Karen Adolph, also a developmental psychologist at N.Y.U. “Sight is not passive,” she said. “We actively adjust our eye movements to the motions of our hands and bodies.”
Eye-tracking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) studies have existed for more than a century, but the instruments involved were typically desk machines. The wearable eye-trackers that Dr. Adolph, Mr. Franchak and their colleagues use are based on equipment developed over the last decade by Positive Science, a New York company, with money from the United States Naval Research Laboratory. They were designed to help scientists. Eye-trackers are currently being used in studies to learn the differences in how amateur and professional geologists (地质学家) scan landscapes and how people examine signs when looking for exits during emergencies.
The researchers al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so found that during the studies babies looked at their mothers just 16 percent of the time. “That is lower than expected.” Dr. Adolph said. A large body of past research has placed importance on children watching the faces of adults as they name objects to learn languages. These findings suggest children may not have to look very long to get the information they need, either from people or objects. This gives a new understanding of how much information they need, or how quickly children might process the information.
1. How do babies get the information they need
A. By using their o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wn language. B. By looking at their mothers’ eyes.
C. By watching their ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mothers’ facial expression. D. By listening to others.
2. The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refers to__________
A. eye-tracking studies B. original devices
C. eye-trackers D. desk machines
3. What does Dr. Adolph think of the result of the research
A. Exciting. B. Unacceptable. C. Strange. D. Surprising.
4. The text is most probably taken from__________.
A. a website about relationship between mothers and children
B. a science magazine about children’s actions
C. a book about how to teach children
D. a newspaper about processing information
七选五
I used to be a thin li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttle kid who was always the shortest and sickest in my class. I wasn’t very athletically involved during my childhood.
When I entered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )middle school, a lot of my friends were signing up for the school’s sports teams. 1 On the first day of tryouts（选拔赛）for the soccer team, the coach told us to run laps for warm-up. As I struggled to keep up with the team, I found myself falling farther and farther behind until I was the last one to finish. 2
I was disappoint ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed, but at the same time, I knew I had to do something about my health and fitness. 3 People thought I was crazy because I ran a slow 11-minute mile in the gym class, but I was determined to get into shape and improve my mile time.
4 It was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a lot of running for me, but I kept on practicing day after day. As the season progressed, I found that I could run longer and faster.
Eighth grade soon rol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led around and I was feeling really confident about trying out for another sports meet. Instead of attempting soccer a second time, I decided to give field hockey a try. 5 This time, I was well prepared. After a week of tryouts, I was ecstatic（狂喜的）to see that my name made it on the list.
I was inspired, and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I learned an important lesson: Once you do get into shape, don’t stop or give up!
A. Again, the coach instructed us to run a lot of laps.
B. After tryouts were over, my name never made it on the list.
C. I made a big decision to sign up for the track and field team.
D. Being in shape helped me feel energized, flexible, and strong.
E. Fortunately, I was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t the only slow runner trying to get into shape.
F. The first d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay of practice was one of the hardest workouts I’ve ever had.
G. One of my friends ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )convinced me to try out for the soccer team with her and I agreed.
短文改错
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者从第11处不计分。
Dear editor,
Next year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I will go to university and becoming a college student, and I have been away from my parents. I don’t know what to adapt myself to my university life. I hear many freshmen are at a loss what to do when we are at university. They can’t take care of themselves in their everyday life, feel lonely and homesick. Clothes, money or mobile phone are sometimes gone. And because of different climates and the food, they often feel sick. Some even rented rooms outside the campus, but I don’t think it’s so safely. Could you tell me how to deal with these problems so that I will be able to get used the university life in the future
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案：
一 keys: a leadi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng figure in the music industry; a political figure; tall figure; out; figure out how to solve the problem; figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was; BCA
二 keys: importance, significance, value, weight; to; AA
三 keys: 相异，不相同; in; varies considerably in quality; A
四 keys: involve; inv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )olved in the school play; involves your reputation; be involved in; AB
五 keys: 尊重; 关于，就…而言; 至于，关于，就…而言; in respect of quality; with respect to income and status
六 keys: holding up; is holding up; was held up; holding up her children as; on; on to; out; together; back; ABDA
七 keys: 有意识的, 清醒的; of; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) conscious of being stared at on the street; unconscious; 良心；道德心; consciousness; lose/recover one’s consciousness; CD
八 keys: toast for breakfast; propose a toast to;
完形填空： 1-5 CABDC 6-10DBCAA 11-15 BDCBB 16-20 DACBA
阅读理解： A: DBAC B: DCA C: CCDB
七选五：GBCFA
短文改错：Dear editor,
Next year I will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )go to university and becoming a college student, and I have never been away
become but
from my parents. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I don’t know what to adapt myself to my university life. I hear many freshmen
how
are at a loss ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )what to do when we are at university. They can’t take care of themselves in their
they
everyday life, f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eel lonely and homesick. Clothes, money or mobile phone are sometimes gone.
feeling 或feel 前面加and phones
And because of dif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ferent climates and the food, they often feel sick. Some even rented rooms
rent
outside the campus ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), but I don’t think it’s so safely. Could you tell me how to deal with these
safe
problems so that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I will be able to get used∧ the university life in the future
to
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua