中考英语写作专项2-写作基础-5种简单句扩写三种常用复合句

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学生，要读懂英语和会写标准的英语句子，必须循序渐进，由易到难，逐步掌握书写英语句子的规律，从而为读懂英语新闻类文章打下坚实基础。
注:（读懂下面扩写句子，需要一定单词量和英语五种简单句和三种主从复合句的基础）
使用方法：作为老师，需要先给学生铺垫讲解上面说的5种简单句和三种主从复合句。然后，读一遍中文，理解的前提下，朗读并背诵英语句子，直到默背正确为标准。
以下是五种简单句以及相应的翻译和扩写示例：
1. 主语 + 谓语
基本句及翻译：
He sleeps. 他睡觉。
She sings. 她唱歌。
They laugh. 他们笑。
The cat jumps. 猫跳跃。
We dance. 我们跳舞。
定语从句扩写及翻译：
The man （who is tired ）sleeps soundly. 那个疲倦的男人睡得很沉。
The girl with a beautiful voice sings every day. 拥有美妙嗓音的女孩每天都唱歌。
The children who are happy laugh loudly. 那些快乐的孩子们大声笑。
The cat that caught a mouse jumps in excitement. 抓住老鼠的猫兴奋地跳跃。
We, who love music, dance to the rhythm. 我们这些热爱音乐的人随着节奏跳舞。
宾语从句扩写及翻译：
He tells me （that he sleeps well） at night. 他告诉我他晚上睡得好。
She promises that she will sing at the party. 她承诺会在聚会上唱歌。
They admit that they laughed at the joke. 他们承认他们被那个笑话逗笑了。
The cat reminds me that it jumps high. 猫提醒我它跳得很高。
We decide that we will dance together tonight. 我们决定今晚要一起跳舞。
状语从句扩写及翻译：
He sleeps（ when he is tired.） 他累了就睡觉。
She sings because she loves music. 她唱歌是因为她热爱音乐。
They laugh after hearing the joke. 他们听了笑话后大笑。
The cat jumps if it sees a bird. 猫看到鸟就会跳。
We dance whenever there is music. 只要有音乐，我们就会跳舞。
2. 主语 + 谓语 + 表语
基本句及翻译：
She is happy. 她很高兴。
He is sad. 他很伤心。
It is beautiful. 它很美丽。
The food is delicious. 食物很美味。
The sky is clear. 天空很晴朗。
定语从句扩写及翻译：
She is the girl （who is always happy.） 她是那个总是很快乐的女孩。
He is the man who looks sad today. 他是今天看起来伤心的那个男人。
It is the painting that is considered beautiful. 它是被认为很美的那幅画。
The food that was cooked by my mom is delicious. 妈妈做的食物很美味。
The sky that was once cloudy is now clear. 曾经多云的天空现在变得晴朗了。
宾语从句扩写及翻译：
She says that she is very happy to be here. 她说她很高兴来到这里。
He wonders why he is feeling so sad. 他想知道为什么他会感到如此伤心。
I think that it is beautiful in its simplicity. 我认为它的简单就是美。
They agree that the food is delicious. 他们同意食物很美味。
She notices that the sky is clear after the rain. 她注意到雨后天空变得晴朗了。
状语从句扩写及翻译：
She is happy when she is with her friends. 当她和朋友们在一起时，她很高兴。
He is sad because he lost his pet. 他很伤心，因为他失去了宠物。
It is beautiful even though it is old. 尽管它很旧，但很美。
The food is delicious if it is cooked properly. 如果烹饪得当，食物会很美味。
The sky is clear after the storm passed. 暴风雨过后，天空变得晴朗了。
3. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
基本句及翻译：
I love music. 我爱音乐。
He reads books. 他读书。
She writes letters. 她写信。
They eat pizza. 他们吃披萨。
We watch movies. 我们看电影。
定语从句扩写及翻译：
I love the music that has a good beat. 我喜欢有节奏感的音乐。
He reads books that are interesting and informative. 他读有趣且信息丰富的书。
She writes letters to her friends who live abroad. 她给生活在国外的朋友写信。
They eat pizza that is loaded with toppings. 他们吃撒满配料的披萨。
We watch movies that are both entertaining and educational. 我们看既有娱乐性又有教育意义的电影。
宾语从句扩写及翻译：
I tell her that I love music from all over the world. 我告诉她我爱来自世界各地的音乐。
He explains why he reads books every day. 他解释为什么他每天都读书。
She asks if I write letters often. 她问我是否经常写信。
They decide which pizza to eat based on our recommendations. 他们根据我们的推荐决定吃什么披萨。
We discuss whether we should watch movies at home or in the cinema. 我们讨论应该在家里看电影还是去电影院看。
状语从句扩写及翻译：
I love music when I am alone. 我独自一人时喜欢听音乐。
He reads books before going to bed every night. 他每晚睡觉前都读书。
She writes letters whenever she misses her family. 她每当想念家人时就会写信。
They eat pizza only if it is fresh and hot. 他们只吃新鲜热乎的披萨。
We watch movies after dinner as a family activity. 我们把看电影当作家庭活动，晚饭后一起看。
4. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
基本句及翻译：
She gives me a book. 她给我一本书。
He sends them a letter. 他给他们寄了一封信。
She teaches the children a song. 她教孩子们一首歌。
They show us a picture. 他们给我们看一张图片。
I lend her my pen. 我把我的笔借给她。
定语从句扩写及翻译：
She gives me the book that she bought yesterday. 她给我她昨天买的那本书。
He sends them the letter that contains good news. 他给他们寄了一封包含好消息的信。
She teaches the children a song that is popular nowadays. 她教孩子们一首现在很流行的歌。
They show us the picture that was taken during their vacation. 他们给我们看他们度假时拍的照片。
I lend her my pen that has a blue ink cartridge. 我把我的蓝色笔芯的笔借给她。
宾语从句扩写及翻译：
She promises that she will give me a book as a gift. 她承诺会给我一本书作为礼物。
He assures them that he will send a letter soon. 他向他们保证他很快就会寄信。
She explains that she teaches the children a song to help them learn. 她解释说，她教孩子们唱歌是为了帮助他们学习。
They tell us that they will show us a picture of their new house. 他们告诉我们他们会给我们看他们新家的照片。
I ask if I can lend her my pen for a moment. 我问她是否可以借我的笔用一下。
状语从句扩写及翻译：
She gives me a book whenever I ask for it. 每当我请求时，她就会给我一本书。
He sends them a letter before they leave for vacation. 在他们度假前，他给他们寄了一封信。
She teaches the children a song after they finish their homework. 孩子们完成作业后，她教他们一首歌。
They show us a picture as soon as we arrive. 我们一到，他们就给我们看一张图片。
I lend her my pen because she needs it for her homework. 我把我的笔借给她，因为她做作业需要。
5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
基本句及翻译：
They make me happy. 他们使我高兴。
She keeps the room clean. 她保持房间干净。
He finds the book interesting. 他觉得这本书很有趣。
We call the cat lazy. 我们称这只猫为懒猫。
They name the baby after its grandmother. 他们以祖母的名字给婴儿命名。
定语从句扩写及翻译：
“They are the ones who make me happy.”
或者
“They are the people that make me happy.”他们就是那些让我开心的人。
She keeps the room （that is filled with books） clean and tidy. 她保持满是书籍的房间整洁。
He finds the book （that his teacher recommended） interesting and informative. 他觉得他老师推荐的那本书既有趣又有信息量。
We call the cat （that sleeps all day） lazy and spoiled. 我们称那只整天睡觉的猫为懒猫和宠坏了的猫。
They name the baby after its grandmother, who was a kind and loving woman. 他们以那位善良慈爱的祖母的名字给婴儿命名。
宾语从句扩写及翻译：
They tell me that they make me happy intentionally. 他们告诉我他们故意让我高兴。
She explains how she keeps the room clean despite having pets. 她解释尽管有宠物，她是如何保持房间干净的。
3. He mentions that he finds the book interesting because it covers a topic he's passionate about. 他提到他觉得这本书有趣，因为它涵盖了他热衷的主题。
4. We argue that we call the cat lazy because it hardly ever moves. 我们争辩说我们称这只猫为懒猫是因为它几乎不动。
5. They decide that they will name the baby after its grandmother because she was a special person in their lives. 他们决定以祖母的名字给婴儿命名，因为祖母是他们生活中的特殊人物。
状语从句扩写及翻译：
They make me happy whenever I'm with them. 每当我与他们在一起时，他们都使我感到高兴。
She keeps the room clean even though she has a busy schedule. 尽管她日程繁忙，但她仍然保持房间干净。
He finds the book interesting after reading the first few chapters. 他读了前几章后，发现这本书很有趣。
We call the cat lazy because it never seems to have any energy. 我们称这只猫为懒猫，因为它似乎从未有过活力。
They name the baby after its grandmother as a way to honor her memory. 他们以祖母的名字给婴儿命名，以此纪念她。
通过以上的扩写和翻译，我们可以看到，无论是使用定语从句、宾语从句还是状语从句，都可以使句子的表达更加丰富和具体，帮助读者更好地理解句子的含义和背景。
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