辽宁省东北育才学校外研版英语必修2 Module 2 No Drugs 教案

Module 2 No Drugs
题材内容与学习目的 学习表达抽烟，吸毒及其危害的词语和其他语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )言形式，养成良好生活习惯，关爱社会关爱他人，了解我国和一些国家中通过公益服务帮助沾染坏习惯的弱势群体的情况，远离毒品。
语言知识目标 语音 通过语调表达不同语气和情感。
词汇 Addictive; blood pres ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sure; bronchitis; burglary; cancer; cannabis; cigarette; connection; crack cocaine; crime; criminal; danger; drug addict; drug dealer; estimate; heart attack; heart disease; heart rate; illegal; immediately; increase; inject; injured; needle; powerful; ratio; reduce; shoplifting; shopping center; tobacco; treatment; activity; break into; break the law; death; die
语法 不定式作目的状语（The infinitive of purpose）结果状语从句（Adverbial clause of result）
功能 学会使用表达结果的词语：so, as a result, as a result of。
话题 谈论有关吸烟和吸毒危害的话题和劝阻、帮助别人戒烟的话题。
语言技能目标 听 识别所学生词、词组、不定式目的状语和结果状 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句，听懂它们所在句子和段落的意义并获取信息；听懂不同语调表达的语气和情感；听懂有关抽烟、吸毒及其危害的话语并获取信息，学会抓住关键意思进行summarizing。
说 流利说出含有所学生词、词组、不定式目的状语和结果状语的句子和段落；用语调表达语气和情感；自如表达抽烟、吸毒的危害。
读 理解含有所学生词、词组的句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子和段落并获取信息；理解不定式和结果状语从句表达的信息；理解有关抽烟、吸毒及其危害的材料并获取信息；找出段落和文章的从属关系。
写 熟练写出包含所学词汇、不定式和结果状语的句子和段落；熟练写出email及其答复；分析抽烟、吸毒的危害。
表达与展示 运用不定式表示目的，that从句表达结果；用恰当的语调表达语气和情感；讨论抽烟和吸毒的危害，收集有说服力的数据。
学习策略 认知策略 学习语法，培养对因果关系的判断和分析能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )力；通过听和读培养抓住和辨别信息要点的能力；通过从属关系的判断，培养前后联系、部分和整体练习的思维能力；通过说和写的训练，培养根据事实分析、归纳的逻辑能力和表达能力。
调控策略 培养在interview中运用提问控制谈话方向的能力。
交际策略 学习在日常会话中运用恰当的语调表达不同语气和情感。
资源策略 从网上或其他媒体了解抽烟和吸毒的危害，学会根据资料分析、归纳。
文化意识 学会同意和不同意的强烈表达法和一般 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表达法。提高自我保护意识，养成良好生活习惯，远离毒品。吸烟造成环境污染，发现抽烟者在公共场所抽烟，要学会劝说。
Introduction
be related to 与…有关
relate vi. & vt. （和～）相关；涉及；把～与～关联起来
relate vt.把…联系起来
relate … to.. 把…联系起来
be related to sb. 有亲威关系与…有关, 涉及
It is difficult t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o relate the two cases. 很难把两个案子联系起来。
We should learn to relate the results to the causes.我们应该学会把结果与原因联系起来看问题。
Light industry is closely related to the people’s life.轻工业与人们的生活有密切的关系。
2. cause 与reason 区别
Cause n. 导致某事发生的原因，起因
如：Unemployment is a major cause of poverty. 失业是贫困的主要原因。
Drinking and driving i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s one of the most common causes of traffic accidents. 酒后驾车是导致交通事故最常见的原因之一。
Reason 说明某事的理由
如：He has given no reasons for his decision. 他并未说明他决定的理由。
vt. 使发生，引起，导致（cause sb to do）
The poor harvest caused prices to rise. 歉收导致物价急剧上涨。
n. 崇高的事业
fighting for the Republican cause 为共和党的事业而奋斗
reading and vocabulary
used to 过去常常，过去曾经 be used to doing sth 习惯于
be / get / be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come addicted to sth. / doing sth.对...成瘾/成癖
It doesn’t take long to become addicted to these drugs.服用这些毒品不要多长时间就会上瘾。
It’s a pity that her child has got addicted to smoking.真可怜，她的孩子抽烟上瘾了。
Some children are addicted to computer games / TV.(喻)一些孩子玩电脑游戏/看电视上了瘾。
He is addicted to practicing Chinese Gongfu.他醉心于练习中国功夫。
She is addicted to drama. 她沉醉于戏剧。
Once you are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) addicted to nicotine, it is hard to get out of it. 一旦你对尼古丁成瘾，就很难自拔。
addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人，瘾君子
addicted adj. 上瘾的
addictive adj. 使人成瘾的，使人入迷的
addiction n. 瘾，入迷，嗜好
5. offer n.出价, 提议, 意图vt.提供, 出价, 贡献, 使出现, 企图, 演出
vi.(机会、时机等)出现, 献祭, 提议
① ...sb sth= ...sth to sb 提供给某人某物
②... to do sth= make an ... to do sth愿意/企图做某事
③ accept/refuse an ...接受/拒绝提议
④... sb money for sth 向某人出价（多少）钱买…
... sb sth for money 开价（多少）卖…
They offered him a very good job, but he turned it down.
The drama school offers places to students who can show talent.
My dad has offered to pick us up.
The newspaper offered to apologise for the article.
offer advice/help/support etc
offer an opportunity/chance/possibility
They've offered us 75,000 for the house.
6. allow sb to do , allow doing
7. in pain
8. break into 闯入; 打断；插话; 打碎
The thieves broke i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto the office and stole some money. 小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。
The bandits broke i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto the jewelry and stole near all the valuable necklaces.土匪们闯进了珠宝店盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。
The car windows b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roke into pieces when the two cars crashed into each other.两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。
The new waitress dro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pped the dish on the floor, and it broke into fragments.新来的女服务员把菜盘子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
break the law　犯法　　　　　break out (战争、灾害)突然爆发
break up 打碎；拆散；(物理)分解 break the silence 打破沉寂 　
break in 打断(谈话)；突然闯入 break through 突破
break away from 摆脱(束缚)；克服(习惯)；脱离(政府)
break up 粉碎，破碎，结束，散开，解散，break sth up 拆开，打散，结束（关系等）关闭，
9. take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议
10. stop to do , stop doing, stop sb (from) doing sth
11. grammar 不定式
1) 在以下动词之后要用动词不定式作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宾语
afford，aim，appear，agree，arrange，ask，be，decide，bother，care，choose，com，dare，demand，desire，determine，expect，elect，endeavor，hope，fail，happen，help，hesitate，learn，long，mean，manage，offer，ought，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，seem，tend，wait，wish，undertake
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise　　 allow　　 appoint　　 believe　　 cause　　 challenge　command　 compel　　　consider　 declare　　 drive　　　enable　　encourage　 find　　　 forbid　　 force　　　guess　　 hire　　　　imagine　　impel　　　induce　　 inform　　instruct　　invite　　 judge　　　 know　　　 like　　　order　　　 permit　　persuade　 remind　　 report　　request　　 require　　select　send　　　 state　　 suppose　　 tell　　　 think　 train　　　trust　　 understand　urge　　　 warn　
不定式主语
1） It's easy (for m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy,　difficult,　 hard,　 important,　 possible,　 impossible,　comfortable,　 necessary,　 better;　　the first,　 the next,　　　the last,　　the best,　too much,　　too little,　　not enough
　It's so nice to hear your voice.　听到你的声音真高兴。
　It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
　当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
2) It's very kind of you to help us.　他帮助我们，他真好。
Kind,　nice,　 stupid,　rude,　 clever,　foolish,　thoughtful,　thoughtless,　brave,　considerate(考虑周到的),　silly,　 selfish(自私的)
例句:
It was silly of us to believe him.　我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.　他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系动词如，lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok，appear等也可用于此句型
2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。
3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型
(对)To see is to believe.　百闻不如一见。
(错)It is to believe to see.
It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult,　 interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
　不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
　　 My work is to clean the room every day.
　　 His dream is to be a doctor.
不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的词后。例如：
　　　I have a lot of work to do.　
　　　So he made some candles to give light.
不定式作状语
1）目的状语　
To… only to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (仅仅为了),　in order to,　so as to,　so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to say good-bye to you.　我来仅仅是向你告别。
2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
　　What have I said to make you angry.
　　He searched the room only to find nothing.
3)　表原因
　　I'm glad to see you.
用作介词的to
to 有两种用法： 一为不定式+动词原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形； 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：
admit to承认，　confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，　 be used to 习惯于， stick to 坚持，　turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于，　be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意
省to 的动词不定式
1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ught to)：
2） 使役动词 let, have, make：
3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
　 I saw him dance.
　=He was seen to dance.
　 The boss made them work the whole night.
　=They were made to work the whole night.
4） would rather，had better：
5） Why… / why not…：
6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：
7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )定式，第二个to 可以省去：
9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：　
　　 He is supposed (to be) nice.　他应该是个好人。
举例：
　　 He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
He wants to do nothing but go out.
比较：　 He wants to do nothing but go out.
　　　　 He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
动词不定式的否定式
Tell him not to sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut the window…　
　 She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
不定式的特殊句型too…to…
1）too…to　 太…以至于…
　　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )He is too excited to speak.
　　他太激动了，说不出话来。
　 ---- Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗
　 ---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same.　不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。
　 It's never too late to mend.　(谚语)
　　　改过不嫌晚。
3)　当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
　 I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。
　 He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
不定式的时态和语态
时态\语态　　　 主动　　　　　被动
一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )般式　　　　　 to do　　　　　　to be done
进行式　　　　　 to be doing　　
完成式　　　　　 to have done　　 to have been done
完成进行式　　　 to have been doing　　
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
　　He seems to know this.
　　I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.　我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
　I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
　He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
　He seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时：
　She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
动名词与不定式
1） 动名词与不定式的区别：
　动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
　不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。
3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：
　 1　stop to do　　　　　stop doing　　　
　 2 forget to do　　　　 forget doing
　 3　remember to do　　　remember doing　　　　　
　 4 regret to do　　　　 regret doing
　 5　cease to do　　　　 cease doing　　　　　　　
　 6 try to do　　　　　　try doing
　 7　go on to do　　　　 go on doing　　　　　　　
　 8 afraid to do　　　　 afraid doing
　 9　interested to do　　interested doing　
　10 mean to do　　　　　 mean doing
　11 begin/ start to do　 begin/ start doing　　　　　　
Function
12. 由so… that, such… that等表结果的副词从句引导的副词从句
在so… that和such… that中，so是副词，其后可以接动词、形容词、副词；而such为形容词，其后只可接名词。
--She is so honest a girl that all her teachers like her.
--The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered.
--The bus was so full that I could hardly turn around.
--We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
--They had s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house.
--He spoke in such low voice that I could not hear him.
--There was s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o much dust that we couldn't see what was happening.
--So man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y students complained that the teacher cancelled the pretest.
so放在句首，句子要用倒装语序
--So absorbed was he that Nathalie hadn't dared to make a sound.
--So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was ripped off.
（这场暴风雨真可怕，把整个屋顶全都刮飞了。）
注意：
such不能用于much和many之前。
Writing
13. mind
14. against the law
15. The same adj．同一的，同样的
[搭配] the same.., as 与……一样, same with me 我也一样
at the same time 同时 all the same 尽管，如此，仍然
We are the same age. 我们同岁。
That jacket is the same as mine. 那上衣与我的一样。
This is the same pen that I lost. 这正是我遗失的那支钢笔。
They began to laugh at the same time. 他们同时笑了起来。
He has faults, but I like him all the same. 他有缺点，然而我还是喜欢他。
I have the same book as you have. 我有象你一样的书。
16. in public 公开地
其他in构成的词组：
in total总数in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )detail详细地in treatment在治疗　　in common共同地in order井然有序的 in place在原来(合适)位置　　in doubt怀疑in hospital在住院in prison在监狱(服刑)　　in secret秘密地in return 作为报答
Everyday English
17. as well常在句尾，表示“也”。
Are they coming as well 他们也要来吗？
as well as 和；也；和……同样好。
He speaks Japanese as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) well as English and French. 他不但会说英语和法语，而且还会说日语。
It is important for you as well as for me. 这对我很重要，对你也很重要。
注意：连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致，而不与后面的介词宾语一致。
Lily as well as her pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rents is very fond of classical music. 不但莉莉的父母，而且连莉莉也非常喜欢古典音乐。
Just as well adv. 幸好，无妨，还是。。。好
It would be just as well to let them know. 最好先给他们个信儿。
You can tell me what y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou think, and you may just as well be frank. 你心里想什么就告诉我吧，你还是坦率些好。
May as well 最好，不妨
Come on now, you may as well tell us. 快点，你最好告诉我们。
since everyone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'s giving speeches, I may as well take a turn. 既然每个人都讲话，我不妨也轮一下。
18. affect vt. 影响（常指消极的影响）
the areas affect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed by the hurricane a disease that affects the central nervous system
decisions which affec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t our lives We were all deeply affected by her death.
n. effect 影响
注意：affection n. 喜爱，钟爱
如：Mr. Darcy’s affection for his sister 达西先生对她妹妹的关爱之情。
Children need lots of love and affection. 孩子需要多多疼爱和关怀。
19. delay n. 拖延，耽搁，延误
Commuters will face ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) long delays on the roads today. 路远乘车上下班的人今天要在路上耽误很多时间了。
We apologize for the delay in answering your letter. 来信收悉，迟复为歉。
a delay of two hours/a two-hour delay 两小时的延误
Report it to the police without delay (= immediately). 赶快将此事报告警方。
vt. 延迟，推迟（delay sth, delay doing ）
Don't delay—call us today! 别拖延-今天就给我们打电话！
He delayed tellin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g her the news, waiting for the right moment. 他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时机再说。