Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Using language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握非限制性定语从句的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化非限制性定语从句的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 essential adj.极其重要的;必不可少的;本质的 *essence n.本质;实质;精髓
(P5)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information 哪些句子包含一个带有极其重要信息的从句 哪些句子包含带有额外信息的从句
知识拓展
be essential to... 对……来说必不可少/极其重要
it is essential to do sth 做某事是至关重要的
经典佳句
In a world still facing so many problems, it is essential for us to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.当今世界仍面临如此多的问题,构建和平繁荣的人类命运共同体对我们来说至关重要。
名师点拨
在“It is essential/important/necessary/strange/surprising+that从句”句型中,that从句是真正的主语,从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)It's strange that tourists .很奇怪,游客竟然从不参观这个村子。
(2)It is essential that these application forms as early as possible.这些申请表应尽早寄回,这是很重要的。
答案 (1)(should) never visit this village
(2)(should) be sent back
知识点2 impress vt. 使钦佩;使留下深刻印象 *impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 *impression n.印象
(P5)Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes.沃森对他的回答很满意,他认为这个回答会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
知识拓展
impress sb with sth 使某人牢记某事;某物给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth on/upon sb 使某人对某事留下印象
be impressed by/at/with 对……留下印象;被……所打动
have/make a good impression on sb 给某人留下好印象
first impression 第一印象
be under the impression that 以为……
经典佳句
The new teacher made a good impression on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.那位新老师以其丰富的知识和幽默的语言给学生留下了很好的印象。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The film's special effects are particularly (impress).
(2)I was very (impress) by the efficiency of the staff.
(3)The book left a deep (impress) on him.
(4)I think it's important for us to impress visitors a nice-looking office.
(5)I was the impression that the tickets were sold out a long time ago.
答案 (1)impressive (2)impressed (3)impression (4)with (5)under
知识点3 deserve vt.应受到;应得
(P6)We all deserve a second chance, I guess.我想我们都应该有第二次机会。
知识拓展
deserve to do sth 值得做某事;应该做某事
deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得(被)做
get what you deserve 罪有应得
经典佳句
You deserve a rest after all that hard work.辛苦劳累那么久,你该休息一下了。
名师点拨
(1)与deserve一样后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的词还有need、want、require等。
(2)deserve不用于进行时。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)They didn't deserve (win).
(2)I think your suggestion deserves (try).
(3)This suggestion deserves (consider).
答案 (1)to win (2)trying/to be tried (3)consideration/considering/to be considered
短 语 句 式
知识点4 make sense 有意义;有道理;讲得通
(P5)If you take away the clauses,do the sentences still make sense 如果你去掉从句,句子还能讲得通吗
知识拓展
make sense of 理解;明白
make no sense 没有道理;没有意义
in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来说
in no sense 绝不是;绝非(置于句首用部分倒装)
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理/没有意义。
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
经典佳句
Local people understand the opportunities the Winter Olympics can bring and know it makes sense to invest in the Games because they are already part of the economic fabric. 当地人明白冬奥会可能带来的机遇,也知道投资奥运会是有意义的,因为它们已经是经济结构的一部分。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Can you make sense what he said
(2) a sense,learning the law is like learning a new language.
(3)There's no sense in (talk) to him any more.You're wasting your breath.
答案 (1)of (2)In (3)talking
语法探究
非限制性定语从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.I walk through the doors into the waiting area,where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
2.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs,looking through old magazines,all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
3.As we have seen,oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
4.I speak with the on-duty nurse,who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital...
5.Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better,which means
clown doctors can be helpful.
6.The film,which I saw last night,is very interesting.
我的发现
(1)以上句子为 定语从句,从句与主句之间用 隔开。
(2)非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之后(如句 ),从句和主句用逗号隔开;也可以置于主句之前,用逗号隔开;还可以置于句中,前后用逗号隔开。
(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词(如句 ),也可以是指前面的整个句子(如句 )。
答案 (1)非限制性;逗号 (2)1、2、4、5 (3)1、2、4、6;5
探究点1 定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度,我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,两者之间不用逗号分开。关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which、as;关系副词有where、when、why。
This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want.我会带你去超市,在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。
2.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切,只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外,其他都可以。
He is English, which I know from his accent.他是英国人,那是我通过他的口音知道的。
This is our headmaster, who I think has something important to tell you.这是我们的校长,我认为他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
探究点2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1.形式不同
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号,而非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
Here is the man who has been punished by the boss.(限制性定语从句)这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。
Guangdong will build another super large international airport, which will cost up to 35 billion yuan.(非限制性定语从句)广东又将新建一座超大的国际机场,这个机场将耗资多达350亿元。
2.先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词,而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词,也可以是整个主句。
This is the best novel that I have ever read.(限制性定语从句,先行词是novel)这是我曾经读过的最好的小说。
The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.(非限制性定语从句,先行词为novel)我昨天晚上读的那本小说非常有意思。
The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.(非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容)这本小说很有意思,这让我很兴奋。
3.关系词的使用情况不同
(1)that、why不可以引导非限制性定语从句
指物时要用which代替that, for which代替why。
Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him.大多数人没有投票支持他,这使他失望。
I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind.我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
(2)关系代词替代情况不同
①关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替,但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who代替。
②在限制性定语从句中,先行词指人时可以用that引导,但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时,关系代词只能用who或whom。
This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about.(限制性定语从句)这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。
The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.(非限制性定语从句)这个年轻人新交了一个女朋友,他想给她留下深刻印象。
She has a handsome father, who is an English teacher.(非限制性定语从句)她有一位帅气的父亲,他是一名英语老师。
(3)关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略,而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago.(限制性定语从句)这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。
The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near.(非限制性定语从句)我们正盼望的暑假就要来了。
探究点3 as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
1.as引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词一般为整个主句,而which引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词既可以是整个主句,又可以是主句的一部分。
2.as引导的从句位置比较灵活,可位于先行词之前、之中或之后,而which引导的从句只能位于先行词之后。
3.as引导从句时常译为“正如”,而which引导从句时常译为“这;那”。常用句型有as we all know、as is known to all、as everybody can see、as is expected等。
As we all know, social progress depends on every effort made by each member of society.众所周知,社会进步依赖于社会每个成员的努力。
He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.他实验失败了,这是没有预料到的。
He is a cheat, as everyone can see.每个人都看得出来,他是个骗子。
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction which had taken more than three years.
2.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ,of course,made all the others upset.
3.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can have a rest.
4.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks.
5.The air quality in the city, is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
6.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
7.In China, the number of cities is increasing, development is recognized across the world.
答案 1.of 2.which 3.when 4.where 5.as 6.who 7.whose
Ⅱ.使用非限制性定语从句的用法翻译下列句子
1.王先生是我们学校的校长,昨天你在会上见过他。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.下个月即将来临,届时你们将在家乡度过暑假。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.她必须为她的所作所为付出代价,这是自然的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.他有规律地锻炼,这有助于他保持健康。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.Mr Wang is the headmaster of our school, whom you saw at the meeting yesterday.
2.Next month, when you'll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching.
3.As is known to all, the earth moves around the sun.
4.She must pay for what she has done, which/as is natural.
5.He takes exercise regularly, which helps to keep him fit.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Mary,1.drawings were shown at the exhibition last month,is a model student,2. is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall,our eyes were caught by a very large picture,3. was hung on the wall in front of us.The horse 4. was drawn in the picture was 5.(exact) like a real horse.The man 6. was riding on it looked like a living man.It was the best picture 7. I had ever seen,and I should say Mary is the best young painter that I have ever heard of. However,you will be quite 8.(mistake) if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her 9.(teacher) told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 10. has ever been heard of in her hometown.
答案 1.whose 2.who 3.which 4.which/that 5.exactly 6.who 7.that 8.mistaken 9.teachers
10.that
2(共27张PPT)
Unit 1 Laugh out loud!
Section Ⅱ Using language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握非限制性定语从句的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化非限制性定语从句的用法,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 essential adj.极其重要的；必不可少的；本质的＊essence n.本质；实质；精髓
（P5）Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information 哪些句子包含一个带有极其重要信息的从句？哪些句子包含带有额外信息的从句？
知识拓展
be essential to... 对……来说必不可少/极其重要
it is essential to do sth 做某事是至关重要的
经典佳句
In a world still facing so many problems, it is essential for us to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.当今世界仍面临如此多的问题，构建和平繁荣的人类命运共同体对我们来说至关重要。
名师点拨
在“It is essential/important/necessary/strange/surprising+that从句”句型中，that从句是真正的主语，从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It's strange that tourists _______________________________．很奇怪，游客竟然
从不参观这个村子。
（should） never visit this village
（2）It is essential that these application forms _______________________as early as
possible.这些申请表应尽早寄回，这是很重要的。
（should） be sent back
知识点2 impress vt. 使钦佩；使留下深刻印象＊impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 ＊impression n.印象
（P5）Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes.沃森对他的回答很满意，他认为这个回答会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
知识拓展
impress sb with sth 使某人牢记某事；某物给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth on/upon sb 使某人对某事留下印象
be impressed by/at/with 对……留下印象；被……所打动
have/make a good impression on sb 给某人留下好印象
first impression 第一印象
be under the impression that 以为……
经典佳句
The new teacher made a good impression on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.那位新老师以其丰富的知识和幽默的语言给学生留下了很好的印象。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The film's special effects are particularly__________（impress）.
impressive
（2）I was very __________（impress） by the efficiency of the staff.
impressed
（3）The book left a deep__________（impress） on him.
impression
（4）I think it's important for us to impress visitors _____a nice-looking office.
with
（5）I was ______ the impression that the tickets were sold out a long time ago.
under
知识点3 deserve vt.应受到；应得
（P6）We all deserve a second chance, I guess.我想我们都应该有第二次机会。
知识拓展
deserve to do sth 值得做某事；应该做某事
deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得（被）做
get what you deserve 罪有应得
经典佳句
You deserve a rest after all that hard work.辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。
名师点拨
（1）与deserve一样后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的词还有need、want、require等。
（2）deserve不用于进行时。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）They didn't deserve _______（win）.
to win
（2）I think your suggestion deserves ________________（try）.
trying/to be tried
（3）This suggestion deserves _____________________________________（consider）.
consideration/considering/to be considered
短语句式
知识点4 make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通
（P5）If you take away the clauses，do the sentences still make sense 如果你去掉从句，句子还能讲得通吗？
知识拓展
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没有道理；没有意义
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 绝不是；绝非（置于句首用部分倒装）
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有道理/没有意义。
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
经典佳句
Local people understand the opportunities the Winter Olympics can bring and know it makes sense to invest in the Games because they are already part of the economic fabric. 当地人明白冬奥会可能带来的机遇，也知道投资奥运会是有意义的，因为它们已经是经济结构的一部分。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Can you make sense ___ what he said
of
（2）___ a sense，learning the law is like learning a new language.
In
（3）There's no sense in _______（talk） to him any more. You're wasting your
breath.
talking
非限制性定语从句
自主探究
阅读下列句子，并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.I walk through the doors into the waiting area，where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
2.People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs，looking through old magazines，all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
3.As we have seen，oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
4.I speak with the on-duty nurse，who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital...
5.Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better，which means clown doctors can be helpful.
6.The film，which I saw last night，is very interesting.
我的发现
（1）以上句子为__________定语从句，从句与主句之间用______隔开。
非限制性
逗号
（2）非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之后（如句____________），从句和主句用逗号
隔开；也可以置于主句之前,用逗号隔开；还可以置于句中，前后用逗号隔开。
1、2、4、5
（3）非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词（如句
____________），也可以是指前面的整个句子（如句___）。
1、2、4、6
5
探究点1 定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开。关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which、as；关系副词有where、when、why。
This is the computer （that/which） he bought for his son yesterday.这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want.我会带你去超市，在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。
2.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。
He is English, which I know from his accent.他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。
This is our headmaster, who I think has something important to tell you.这是我们的校长，我认为他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
探究点2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1.形式不同
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号,而非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
Here is the man who has been punished by the boss.（限制性定语从句）这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。
Guangdong will build another super large international airport, which will cost up to 35 billion yuan.（非限制性定语从句）广东又将新建一座超大的国际机场，这个机场将耗资多达350亿元。
2.先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。
This is the best novel that I have ever read.（限制性定语从句，先行词是novel）这是我曾经读过的最好的小说。
The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.（非限制性定语从句，先行词为novel）我昨天晚上读的那本小说非常有意思。
The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.（非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容）这本小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。
3.关系词的使用情况不同
（1）that、why不可以引导非限制性定语从句
指物时要用which代替that, for which代替why。
Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him.大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他失望。
I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind.我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
（2）关系代词替代情况不同
①关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who代替。
②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。
This is the man （whom/who/that） we are talking about.（限制性定语从句）这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。
The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.（非限制性定语从句）这个年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。
She has a handsome father, who is an English teacher.（非限制性定语从句）她有一位帅气的父亲，他是一名英语老师。
（3）关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
This is a good film （which/that） I saw a few days ago.（限制性定语从句）这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。
The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near.（非限制性定语从句）我们正盼望的暑假就要来了。
探究点3 as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
1.as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句，而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句，又可以是主句的一部分。
2.as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中或之后，而which引导的从句只能位于先行词之后。
3.as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which引导从句时常译为“这；那”。常用句型有as we all know、as is known to all、as everybody can see、as is expected等。
As we all know, social progress depends on every effort made by each member of society.众所周知，社会进步依赖于社会每个成员的努力。
He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.他实验失败了，这是没有预料到的。
He is a cheat, as everyone can see.每个人都看得出来，他是个骗子。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.She showed the visitors around the museum， the construction___ which had taken
more than three years.
of
2.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，_______，of course，
made all the others upset.
which
3.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval,______ the audience can have a
rest.
when
4.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，_______ it will keep for
two or three weeks.
where
5.The air quality in the city,___ is shown in the report, has improved over the past
two months.
as
6.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_____ urgently needed clean
water, medicine and shelter to survive.
who
7.In China, the number of cities is increasing，_______development is recognized
across the world.
whose
Ⅱ.使用非限制性定语从句的用法翻译下列句子
1.王先生是我们学校的校长，昨天你在会上见过他。
___________________________________________________________________________
Mr Wang is the headmaster of our school, whom you saw at the meeting yesterday.
2.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度过暑假。
___________________________________________________________________________
__________
Next month, when you'll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching.
3.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
________________________________________________
As is known to all, the earth moves around the sun.
4.她必须为她的所作所为付出代价，这是自然的。
____________________________________________________
She must pay for what she has done, which/as is natural.
5.他有规律地锻炼，这有助于他保持健康。
___________________________________________________
He takes exercise regularly, which helps to keep him fit.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Mary，1._______drawings were shown at the exhibition last month，is a model
student，2._____ is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got
into the exhibition hall，our eyes were caught by a very large picture，3._______
was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 4.__________ was drawn in the
picture was 5._______（exact） like a real horse. The man 6._____ was riding on it
looked like a living man. It was the best picture 7._____ I had ever seen，and I
should say Mary is the best young painter that I have ever heard of. However，you
will be quite 8._________（mistake） if you think that Mary was born a good
painter. One of her 9.________（teacher） told me that it had taken Mary thousands
of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter
10._____ has ever been heard of in her hometown.
whose
who
which
which/that
exactly
who
that
mistaken
teachers
that
