Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
【学习目标】
1.了解课文大意;培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,思维品质)
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过阅读熟悉英语旅游类日记的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
【合作探究】
语篇研读
细读课文,明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 56-57 and choose the best answers.
1.Why would the three passengers stay in the submarine
A.To keep the secret.
B.To enjoy more underwater scenes.
C.To help Captain Nemo.
D.To take more adventures there.
2.Why was Ned different from the other two passengers
A.He enjoyed the adventures most.
B.He could think only of running away.
C.He was in charge of the submarine.
D.He was attacked by a terrible creature.
3.What didn't Aronnax describe
A.The solar rays in the sea.
B.The sand under the sea.
C.The color of the sea water.
D.The temperature of the sea.
答案 1~3 ABD
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 charge n.主管;掌管;费用v.收费;控告 *chargeable adj.应支付的;应偿付的;应征税的
(P57)They are captured and taken inside the submarine,where they meet the man in charge,Captain Nemo.他们被俘虏并被带进潜艇,在那里他们遇到了负责人尼莫船长。
知识拓展
in charge of 掌管(表状态)
take charge of 掌管(表动作)
in the charge of... 被……掌管;由……负责
free of charge 免费
charge sb for sth 因某事向某人收费
charge sb with sth 控告某人某事
图解释义
名师点拨
in charge of往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有in control of “控制”; in the control of “由……控制”;in possession of “拥有”; in the possession of “被……拥有”。
融会应用 Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I wonder how much you will charge me the six-week course.
(2)It's what this place offers,and it's free charge.
(3)A week later,I volunteered (take) charge of English study in my class.
(4)I thought he was in your department, taking David Cook's place charge of the program.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5)The man abuse of power when he was the company. 这个人被指控在掌管公司时滥用职权。
(6)He sent the products to the villagers . 他把产品免费发给了村民。
答案 (1)for (2)of (3)to take (4)in (5)was charged with; in charge of (6)free of charge
知识点2 permit v.许可;允许;准许 n.许可证;执照 *permission n.允许;许可
(P57)In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine. 为了保守这个秘密,尼莫船长告诉他的三位新乘客,他们不允许离开潜艇。
知识拓展
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
ask sb for permission=ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
with/without (one's) permission得到/未经 (某人的)允许
经典佳句
Try to go out for a walk after lunch, if the weather permits.如果天气允许,午饭后尽量出去散步。
Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit.即使她已经取得了驾照,她父亲也不允许她单独开车。
融会应用 Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Students living in buildings that have kitchens (permit) to cook in the kitchen.
(2)Without a driver's permit, you are not permitted (drive) a car.
(3)When asked why she came in without (permit), she just stared at me and said nothing.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)Strangers the school during the investigation . If you have to,you must ask the principal .在调查期间,未经校长允许,陌生人不得进入学校。如果你必须进入学校,你必须征得校长的同意。
答案 (1)are permitted (2)to drive (3)permission
(4)are not permitted to enter; without the principal's permission; for permission
知识点3 relate v.相联系;有关联;讲述 *related adj.有关的;有关联的 *relative adj.相对的;相关的;比较的 n.亲戚;相关物 *relatively adv.相对地 *relation n. 联系;关联;亲属 *relationship n. 联系;关联
(P57)Words are not enough to relate such wonders!言语不足以形容这种奇迹!
知识拓展
relate sth (to sb) (向某人)叙述;讲述
relate to... 涉及……;与……相关;理解……
be related to 与……有关
经典佳句
She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.在开始的几章中,她叙述了自己童年的经历。
This question is related to the position he is applying for.这个问题和他申请的职位有关。
融会应用 Ⅰ.用relate的适当形式填空
(1)He asked me some questions to the subject.
(2)Tom,one of my ,asked me a question to his business.
(3)They are anxious to develop friendly with their neighboring countries.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(4)对话的主题应该与文章的主题相关。
→The theme of the dialogue should the theme of the passage.
→The theme of the dialogue should the theme of the passage.
答案 (1)relative (2)relatives;related (3)relations
(4)relate to; be related to
知识点4 astonish v.使吃惊;使惊讶 *astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 *astonished adj.感到惊讶的 *astonishment n.惊异;惊讶
(P57)The light,which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean,astonished me by its power.那光照亮了海底三十英尺的土壤,它的力量使我吃惊。
知识拓展
be astonished to do/that... 某人惊讶于……
be astonished at/by... 对……感到十分惊讶
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 吃惊地
图解释义
He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去十年里发生了怎样的变化。
融会应用 Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We were quite (astonish) at her quick reaction.
(2)To my (astonish),they should have finished that task in such a short time.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)The boy lifted the big rock without effort and this astonished me.
→ the boy lifted the big rock without effort. (主语从句)
答案 (1)astonished (2)astonishment (3)What astonished me was that
知识点5 distinguish v.看清;认出;成为……的特征;使具有……的特色;使有别于 *distinguished adj.卓越的;杰出的 *distinguishable adj.可区分的
(P57)...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. ……我清楚地分辨出150码外的物体。
知识拓展
distinguish A from B 区分A与B
distinguish (between) A and B 把A和B区分开来
distinguish between right and wrong 明辨是非
distinguish oneself (as sth) 使自己(作为……)著名
be distinguishable from... 可与……区分开来
经典佳句
The man distinguished himself for a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. 这个人因其在治疗癌症方面取得了重大突破而出名。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Honestly speaking,I admire your (distinguish) achievements.
(2)She has already distinguished herself an athlete.
(3)The male bird is easily distinguishable the female.
答案 (1)distinguished (2)as (3)from
知识点6 surround v.围绕;环绕 *surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的 *surroundings n. 周围的事物;环境
(P57)Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere,but almost as clear. 事实上,环绕我的水不过是另一种比地球大气层重的空气,但几乎同样清澈。
知识拓展
surround... with... 以……包围……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
surround+反身代词+with... 喜欢结交(某类人);喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
图解释义
People walk at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded by trees.人们在湖边散步,湖边被树木环绕。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, (surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
(2)He loves to surround himself his family and friends.
(3)I'd like to bring up my child in healthy (surround).
(4)And don't forget: we (surround) by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.
答案 (1)surrounded (2)with (3)surroundings (4)are surrounded
短 语 句 式
知识点7 account for 说明/解释……的原因;(数量上、比例上)占
(P57)This dazzling carpet,really a reflector,drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity,which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid. 这条耀眼的地毯,实际上是一个反射器,能强烈地反射太阳光,这正好解释了光线穿过每一个水分子而产生振动的原因。
知识拓展
on account of 由于;因为
on no account 决不(位于句首,主句要部分倒装)
take sth into account 考虑到;顾及
经典佳句
The poor weather may have accounted for the increase in the number of people who cough day and night.恶劣的天气可能是整天都在咳嗽的人数增加的原因。
How do you account for the company's alarmingly high staff turnover 你怎么解释这家公司高得惊人的人员流动率
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The poor weather may have accounted the small crowd.
(2)The flight was postponed account of bad weather.
答案 (1) for (2)on
写作探究
旅游类日记
旅游类日记就是描述旅途中的所见所闻,并通过对当地的风土人情、山川地貌、人文景致、名胜古迹等的描写来表达自己的思想感情。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
表示天气状况的形容词:
sunny 晴朗的
rainy 多雨的
cloudy 阴天的;多云的
foggy 有雾的
hot 炎热的
windy 多风的
icy 冰冷的
snowy 多雪的
showery 阵雨的
humid 潮湿的
cold 冷的
Ⅱ.话题句式
★精彩开头
1.I went to...by train/bus. 我乘火车/公共汽车去了……
2.That was my first visit to...那是我第一次访问……
★正文佳句
1.On the way to... we...在去……的路上,我们……
2.After...hours' riding... 之后……几个小时的骑行……
3.We did not stop enjoying... until...直到……我们才停止享受……
★余味结尾
1.We had a good time/enjoyed ourselves.我们玩得很开心。
2.This is unusual/unforgettable...这是不寻常的/难忘的……
3.I'll never forget...我永远不会忘记……
4.I will remember...forever.我会永远记住……
5.This was a real life-changing experience that I would never forget.这是一次真正改变生活的经历,我永远不会忘记。
6.We were very tired, but we really had a wonderful day.我们很累,但我们真的度过了美好的一天。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
假定你是李华,上周六去了三亚旅游,在那你第一次潜水,非常激动。请你写一篇日记,描述潜水的经历。内容包括:
1.介绍潜水中的所见、所想;
2.说明潜水的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 日记
人称 第一人称
时态 一般过去时
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
(1) 鲜艳的颜色
(2) 使我印象深刻
(3) 奇异的珊瑚
(4) 形状像……
(5) 各种各样的
答案 (1)vivid colours (2)impressed me (3)fantastic corals (4)shaped like (5)all kinds of
2.句子翻译
(1)我首先意识到的是我周围鲜艳的颜色。
The first thing was all the vivid colours surrounding me.
(2)给我印象最深的是奇异的珊瑚,它们的形状像扇子、盘子、蘑菇、树枝和鹿角。
were the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans,plates,mushrooms,the branches of trees and the horns of deer.
(3)不过,还有一些生物太危险,是我不被允许靠近的,比如鲨鱼。
However,there were other dangerous creatures , such as sharks.
(4)从这次经历中,我意识到神奇的海底世界正等着我们去探索。
From the experience,I realize _______________________________________________________
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答案 (1)I became aware of (2)What impressed me most (3)that I wasn't permitted to get too close to (4)that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore
Step 3 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
May 6SaturdaySunny
It was a day of pure magic! I went diving on the morning of last Saturday.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.What impressed me most were the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans, plates, mushrooms, the branches of trees and the horns of deer.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.However,there were other dangerous creatures that I wasn't permitted to get too close to, such as sharks.From the experience,I realize that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
【随堂检测】
主题写作
五一假期期间,你和你的同学们进行了一次快乐的旅行。请你根据提示信息写一篇英文日记,记录这次难忘之旅。
时间 5月1日星期一
同行人员 同学和老师
目的地 长城和香山(the Fragrant Hills)
交通方式 乘公共汽车
过程 1.上午8点乘车从学校出发; 2.首先参观了长城,拍了很多照片,然后在长城吃午饭; 3.离开长城后来到香山。在山顶上玩了1个小时,于下午5点乘车回到学校
感受 1.领略了长城的气势和古代中国人的伟大精神; 2.欣赏了香山枫叶(maple leaves), 山上美景让人流连忘返
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
May 1MondaySunny
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May 1MondaySunny
Today, I had a school trip with my classmates and teachers. We met at the school gate at eight and then we set off by bus.
First, we visited the Great Wall. When we got there, it was nine. We started to climb the great wonder of ancient China immediately and felt how great the ancient people were. That was the first time that we had visited it, so we were very excited. We took many photos on the Great Wall. Then we had lunch there, after which we left for the Fragrant Hills. When we got there, we were amazed at the beautiful scenery.We stayed at the top of the mountain for an hour enjoying the maple leaves and at five we returned by bus.
What an unforgettable trip!
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.As an important figure of the company,Sue tried to figure out how to announce that the company had earned less than 6 figures that year.And most importantly, she figured that few people were likely to believe her. 作为公司的重要人物,苏设法想出如何宣布公司当年收益不足六位数的消息。最重要的是,她认为很少有人会相信她。
2.Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware of how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.每个人都可以买外卖食品,但有时候我们没有意识到我们自己做这些食物会有多便宜。
3.The astonished look on his face told us that he felt astonished to be asked such a question.To our great astonishment,he answered the question and accepted the challenging position.That was really astonishing.他脸上吃惊的表情表明,被问到这样一个问题他感到很吃惊。令我们很吃惊的是,他回答了这个问题并且接受了这个具有挑战性的职位。这真是让人吃惊。
4.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin Qiaozhi opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.考虑到所有仍然需要帮助的人,林巧稚医生开了一家私人诊所。她治疗病人的费用很低,而且她经常减少贫困病人的费用。
5.On domestic flights, airlines generally permit passengers to carry one piece of lightweight hand luggage and one personal item. The size of portable luggage generally cannot exceed 55 centimeters by 40 centimeters by 20 centimeters, and the weight cannot exceed 5 kilograms.在国内航班上,航空公司一般允许乘客携带一件轻便手提行李和一件个人物品。手提行李的尺寸一般不能超过55厘米×40厘米×20厘米,重量不能超过5公斤。
英美文化
美篇导读
《小王子》是法国作家安托万·德·圣-埃克苏佩里于1942年写成的著名儿童文学短篇小说。本书的主人公是来自外星球的小王子。书中讲述了小王子从自己星球出发前往地球的过程中所经历的各种历险。作者以小王子的孩子式的眼光,透视出成人的空虚、盲目、愚妄和死板教条,用浅显天真的语言写出了人类的孤独寂寞、没有根基随风流浪的命运。同时,也表达出作者对金钱关系的批判,对真善美的讴歌。
美篇呈现
The Little Prince(Excerpt)
It was then that the fox appeared.
“Good morning,” the fox said.
“Good morning,”the little prince responded politely, although when he turned around he saw nothing.
“I am right here,” the voice said, “under the apple tree.”
“Who are you ” asked the little prince, and added, “You are very pretty to look at.”
“I am a fox,”said the fox.
“Come and play with me,” proposed① the little prince.“I am so unhappy.”
“I cannot play with you,”the fox said.“I am not tamed②.”
“Ah! Please excuse me,” said the little prince.But, after some thought, he added:“What does that mean—‘tame’ ”
“You do not live here,” said the fox.“What is it that you are looking for ”
“I am looking for men,” said the little prince.“What does that mean—‘tame’ ”
“Men,” said the fox.“They have guns, and they hunt.It is very disturbing.They also raise chickens.These are their only interests.Are you looking for chickens ”
“No,”said the little prince.“I am looking for friends.What does that mean—‘tame’ ”
“It is an act too often neglected③,”said the fox.“It means to establish ties.”
“To establish ties ”
“Just that,” said the fox.“To me, you are still nothing more than a little boy who is just like a hundred thousand other little boys.And I have no need of you.And you, on your part, have no need of me.To you, I am nothing more than a fox like a hundred thousand other foxes.But if you tame me, then we shall need each other.To me, you will be unique in all the world.To you, I shall be unique in all the world...”
“I am beginning to understand,” said the little prince.“There is a flower...I think that she has tamed me...”
“It is possible,” said the fox.“On the Earth one sees all sorts of things...”
“My life is very monotonous④,” the fox said.“I hunt chickens; men hunt me.All the chickens are just alike, and all the men are just alike.And, in consequence⑤, I am a little bored.But if you tame me, it will be as if the sun came to shine on my life.I shall know the sound of a step that will be different from all the others.Other steps send me hurrying back underneath the ground.Yours will call me, like music, out of my burrow.And then look:you can see the grain-fields down yonder I do not eat bread.Wheat is of no use⑥ to me.The wheat fields have nothing to say to me.And that is sad.But you have hair that is the colour of gold.Think how wonderful that will be when you have tamed me! The grain, which is also golden, will bring me back the thought of you.And I shall love to listen to the wind in the wheat...”
The fox gazed at the little prince, for a long time.“Please—tame me!” he said.
“I want to, very much,” the little prince replied.“But I have not much time.I have friends to discover, and a great many things to understand.”
“One only understands the things that one tames,” said the fox.“Men have no more time to understand anything.They buy things all ready made at the shops.But there is no shop anywhere where one can buy friendship, and so men have no friends any more.If you want a friend, tame me...”
“What must I do, to tame you ” asked the little prince.
“You must be very patient,” replied the fox.“First you will sit down at a little distance from me—like that—in the grass.I shall look at you out of the corner of my eye, and you will say nothing.Words are the source of misunderstandings.But you will sit a little closer to me, every day...”
小王子(节选)
这时来了一只狐狸。
“早上好,”狐狸说。
“早上好,”小王子彬彬有礼地回答。可是当他转过身时,却什么也没看到。
“我在这儿呢,苹果树底下,”一个声音提醒他。
“你是谁 ”小王子问道,还加了一句,“你长得真漂亮。”
“我是一只狐狸,”狐狸回答道。
“和我一起玩吧,”小王子向狐狸建议道,“我苦恼极了。”
“我不能和你玩,”狐狸说,“我还没有被你驯养呢。”
“啊!对不起,”小王子说道。但是他思索了一会儿,又说,“‘驯养’是什么意思 ”
“你不是住在这儿的人,”狐狸说道,“你来这儿寻找什么呢 ”
“我正在找人,”小王子答道,“‘驯养’是什么意思 ”
“人,”狐狸说道,“人有枪,他们会打猎。这可真讨厌。他们养鸡。这两件事是他们唯一的爱好。你也是来寻找鸡吗 ”
“不,”小王子说道,“我是来找朋友的。‘驯养’是什么意思呢 ”
“它是经常被人们遗忘的一种行为,”狐狸答道,“它的意思是‘建立联系’。”
“建立联系 ”
“当然了,”狐狸说道,“对我来说,你与其他成千上万个小男孩没什么区别,我不需要你。对你来说,我与其他成千上万只狐狸毫无差别,你也不需要我。但是,如果你驯服了我,我们就谁也离不开谁了。那时候,对我来说,在这个世界上你就是独一无二的。而对你而言,我也是这个世界上独一无二的……”
“我有点明白了,”小王子说,“我有一朵花……我想,她已经驯服了我……”
“这是可能的,”狐狸说,“在这个地球上,什么千奇百怪的事情都有可能发生……”
“我的生活单调乏味,”狐狸说,“我捉鸡,人捉我。所有的鸡都是一模一样的,所有的人也都是一模一样的。因此,我感到有些厌烦了。但是如果你驯服了我,我的生活将会充满阳光和欢乐。我将会分辨出一种与众不同的脚步声。听到别人的脚步声,我会急急忙忙躲进地下洞穴。而唯独你的脚步声会像音乐一样,唤我出洞。再说,你瞧瞧,你看到那边的麦田了吗 我从来不吃面包,小麦也对我毫无用处。麦田也不会使我产生任何联想。这是多么可悲啊!但是,你有一头金黄色的头发。一旦你驯养我,想象一下那该是多美好的事啊!那金黄色的小麦会让我联想起你来。于是,我也会喜欢听穿过麦田的风声……”
狐狸盯着小王子看了很久。“请你……请你驯养我吧!”狐狸最后说道。
“我很想驯养你,”小王子回答道,“但是我没有那么多时间。我得去找朋友,还要去学习理解许多许多的事情。”
“只有被人们驯服了的事物,才能被人们所理解,”狐狸说道,“人们再也没有时间去认识新的事物了。他们总是到商店里买现成的东西。但是,世界上还没有贩卖友谊的商店,因此人们再也没有朋友了。要是你想交一个朋友,就请驯养我吧……”
“驯养你,那我应该怎么做呢 ”小王子问道。
“你必须很有耐心,”狐狸答道,“首先,你坐在草地上,离我有一些距离——就像这样。我偷偷地用眼角观察你,你什么也别说。言语是误会的根源。但是,你每天都可以坐得离我更近一些……”
知识拓展
①propose v.提议
②tame v.驯化;驯服
③neglect v.忽略;遗忘
④monotonous adj.单调乏味的;毫无变化的
⑤in consequence 结果
⑥be of no use 没有用的
素养链接
这是一则关于友谊的寓言。友谊让人摆脱了孤独与寂寞,使生活充满情趣和欢乐,但同时也让人懂得了离别和忧伤。小王子觉得星星是很美的,因为上面有一朵别人看不到的玫瑰花;狐狸觉得稻子的颜色很美,因为小王子有着和稻子一样的金发……
2(共60张PPT)
Unit 5 What an adventure!
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
1.了解课文大意；培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，思维品质）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉英语旅游类日记的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 56-57 and choose the best answers.
1.Why would the three passengers stay in the submarine ( )
A
A.To keep the secret. B.To enjoy more underwater scenes.
C.To help Captain Nemo. D.To take more adventures there.
2.Why was Ned different from the other two passengers ( )
B
A.He enjoyed the adventures most. B.He could think only of running away.
C.He was in charge of the submarine. D.He was attacked by a terrible creature.
3.What didn't Aronnax describe ( )
D
A.The solar rays in the sea. B.The sand under the sea.
C.The color of the sea water. D.The temperature of the sea.
核心单词
知识点1 charge n.主管；掌管；费用 v.收费；控告 ＊chargeable adj.应支付的；应偿付的；应征税的
（P57）They are captured and taken inside the submarine,where they meet the man in charge,Captain Nemo.他们被俘虏并被带进潜艇,在那里他们遇到了负责人尼莫船长。
知识拓展
in charge of 掌管（表状态）
take charge of 掌管（表动作）
in the charge of... 被……掌管；由……负责
free of charge 免费
charge sb for sth 因某事向某人收费
charge sb with sth 控告某人某事
图解释义
名师点拨
in charge of往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有in control of “控制”； in the control of “由……控制”；in possession of “拥有”； in the possession of “被……拥有”。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I wonder how much you will charge me ____the six-week course.
for
（2）It's what this place offers,and it's free ___charge.
of
（3）A week later,I volunteered ________（take） charge of English study in my
class.
to take
（4）I thought he was in your department, taking David Cook's place___charge of
the program.
in
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）The man _________________ abuse of power when he was ____________ the
company. 这个人被指控在掌管公司时滥用职权。
was charged with
in charge of
（6）He sent the products to the villagers ______________. 他把产品免费发给了村民。
free of charge
知识点2 permit v.许可；允许；准许 n.许可证；执照 ＊permission n.允许；许可
（P57）In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine. 为了保守这个秘密,尼莫船长告诉他的三位新乘客，他们不允许离开潜艇。
知识拓展
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
ask sb for permission=ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
with/without （one's） permission得到/未经 （某人的）允许
经典佳句
Try to go out for a walk after lunch, if the weather permits.如果天气允许，午饭后尽量出去散步。
Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit.即使她已经取得了驾照,她父亲也不允许她单独开车。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Students living in buildings that have kitchens _____________（permit） to
cook in the kitchen.
are permitted
（2）Without a driver's permit, you are not permitted ________（drive） a car.
to drive
（3）When asked why she came in without __________（permit）, she just stared at
me and said nothing.
permission
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Strangers ________________________ the school during the investigation
______________________________. If you have to，you must ask the principal
______________.在调查期间，未经校长允许，陌生人不得进入学校。如果你必须进入
学校，你必须征得校长的同意。
are not permitted to enter
without the principal's permission
for permission
知识点3 relate v.相联系；有关联；讲述 ＊related adj.有关的；有关联的 ＊relative adj.相对的；相关的；比较的 n.亲戚；相关物 ＊relatively adv.相对地 ＊relation n.联系；关联；亲属 ＊relationship n. 联系；关联
（P57）Words are not enough to relate such wonders！言语不足以形容这种奇迹！
知识拓展
relate sth （to sb） （向某人）叙述；讲述
relate to... 涉及……；与……相关；理解……
be related to 与……有关
经典佳句
She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.在开始的几章中，她叙述了自己童年的经历。
This question is related to the position he is applying for.这个问题和他申请的职位有关。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用relate的适当形式填空
（1）He asked me some questions ________ to the subject.
relative
（2）Tom，one of my________，asked me a question_______ to his business.
relatives
related
（3）They are anxious to develop friendly_________ with their neighboring countries.
relations
Ⅱ.一句多译
（4）对话的主题应该与文章的主题相关。
→The theme of the dialogue should _________ the theme of the passage.
→The theme of the dialogue should _____________ the theme of the passage.
relate to
be related to
知识点4 astonish v.使吃惊；使惊讶 ＊astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 ＊astonished adj.感到惊讶的 ＊astonishment n.惊异；惊讶
（P57）The light,which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean,astonished me by its power.那光照亮了海底三十英尺的土壤,它的力量使我吃惊。
知识拓展
be astonished to do/that... 某人惊讶于……
be astonished at/by... 对……感到十分惊讶
to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 吃惊地
图解释义
He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去十年里发生了怎样的变化。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We were quite __________（astonish） at her quick reaction.
astonished
（2）To my ____________（astonish）,they should have finished that task in such a
short time.
astonishment
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）The boy lifted the big rock without effort and this astonished me.
→___________________________ the boy lifted the big rock without effort. （主语从
句）
What astonished me was that
知识点5 distinguish v.看清；认出；成为……的特征；使具有……的特色；使有别于 ＊distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 ＊distinguishable adj.可区分的
（P57）...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. ……我清楚地分辨出150码外的物体。
知识拓展
distinguish A from B 区分A与B
distinguish （between） A and B 把A和B区分开来
distinguish between right and wrong 明辨是非
distinguish oneself （as sth） 使自己（作为……）著名
be distinguishable from... 可与……区分开来
经典佳句
The man distinguished himself for a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. 这个人因其在治疗癌症方面取得了重大突破而出名。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Honestly speaking，I admire your ____________ （distinguish） achievements.
distinguished
（2）She has already distinguished herself ___ an athlete.
as
（3）The male bird is easily distinguishable ______ the female.
from
知识点6 surround v.围绕；环绕 ＊surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 ＊surroundings n.周围的事物；环境
（P57）Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth's atmosphere,but almost as clear. 事实上,环绕我的水不过是另一种比地球大气层重的空气,但几乎同样清澈。
知识拓展
surround... with... 以……包围……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
surround+反身代词+with... 喜欢结交（某类人）；喜欢身边总有（某类东西）
图解释义
People walk at the edge of the lake, which is surrounded by trees.人们在湖边散步，湖边被树木环绕。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）People say it is Canada's most beautiful city,___________ （surround） by
mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
surrounded
（2）He loves to surround himself _____his family and friends.
with
（3）I'd like to bring up my child in healthy ____________（surround）.
surroundings
（4）And don't forget: we ______________（surround） by a natural playground just
perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.
are surrounded
短语句式
知识点7 account for 说明/解释……的原因；（数量上、比例上）占
（P57）This dazzling carpet,really a reflector,drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity,which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid. 这条耀眼的地毯,实际上是一个反射器,能强烈地反射太阳光,这正好解释了光线穿过每一个水分子而产生振动的原因。
知识拓展
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不（位于句首,主句要部分倒装）
take sth into account 考虑到；顾及
经典佳句
The poor weather may have accounted for the increase in the number of people who cough day and night.恶劣的天气可能是整天都在咳嗽的人数增加的原因。
How do you account for the company's alarmingly high staff turnover 你怎么解释这家公司高得惊人的人员流动率？
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The poor weather may have accounted____ the small crowd.
for
（2）The flight was postponed____ account of bad weather.
on
旅游类日记
旅游类日记就是描述旅途中的所见所闻，并通过对当地的风土人情、山川地貌、人文景致、名胜古迹等的描写来表达自己的思想感情。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
表示天气状况的形容词：
sunny 晴朗的
rainy 多雨的
cloudy 阴天的；多云的
foggy 有雾的
hot 炎热的
windy 多风的
icy 冰冷的
snowy 多雪的
showery 阵雨的
humid 潮湿的
cold 冷的
Ⅱ.话题句式
★精彩开头
1.I went to...by train/bus. 我乘火车/公共汽车去了……
2.That was my first visit to...那是我第一次访问……
★正文佳句
1.On the way to... we...在去……的路上，我们……
2.After...hours' riding... 之后……几个小时的骑行……
3.We did not stop enjoying... until...直到……我们才停止享受……
★余味结尾
1.We had a good time/enjoyed ourselves.我们玩得很开心。
2.This is unusual/unforgettable...这是不寻常的/难忘的……
3.I'll never forget...我永远不会忘记……
4.I will remember...forever.我会永远记住……
5.This was a real life-changing experience that I would never forget.这是一次真正改变生活的经历，我永远不会忘记。
6.We were very tired, but we really had a wonderful day.我们很累，但我们真的度过了美好的一天。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
假定你是李华，上周六去了三亚旅游，在那你第一次潜水，非常激动。请你写一篇日记，描述潜水的经历。内容包括：
1.介绍潜水中的所见、所想；
2.说明潜水的感受。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 日记
人称 第一人称
时态 一般过去时
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
（1）_____________鲜艳的颜色
vivid colours
（2）_____________使我印象深刻
impressed me
（3）______________奇异的珊瑚
fantastic corals
（4）___________形状像……
shaped like
（5）____________各种各样的
all kinds of
2.句子翻译
（1）我首先意识到的是我周围鲜艳的颜色。
The first thing__________________ was all the vivid colours surrounding me.
I became aware of
（2）给我印象最深的是奇异的珊瑚，它们的形状像扇子、盘子、蘑菇、树枝和鹿角。
_______________________were the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，
plates，mushrooms，the branches of trees and the horns of deer.
What impressed me most
（3）不过，还有一些生物太危险，是我不被允许靠近的，比如鲨鱼。
However，there were other dangerous
creatures______________________________________， such as sharks.
that I wasn't permitted to get too close to
（4）从这次经历中，我意识到神奇的海底世界正等着我们去探索。
From the experience，I realize _______________________________________________
__________.
that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore
Step 3 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
May 6 Saturday Sunny
It was a day of pure magic! I went diving on the morning of last Saturday. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me. What impressed me most were the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer. And all kinds of small and
elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals. However，there were other dangerous creatures that I wasn't permitted to get too close to， such as sharks. From the experience，I realize that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
主题写作
五一假期期间，你和你的同学们进行了一次快乐的旅行。请你根据提示信息写一篇英文日记，记录这次难忘之旅。
时间 5月1日星期一
同行人员 同学和老师
目的地 长城和香山（the Fragrant Hills）
交通方式 乘公共汽车
过程 1.上午8点乘车从学校出发；
2.首先参观了长城，拍了很多照片，然后在长城吃午饭；
3.离开长城后来到香山。在山顶上玩了1个小时，于下午5点乘车回到学校
感受 1.领略了长城的气势和古代中国人的伟大精神；
2.欣赏了香山枫叶（maple leaves）, 山上美景让人流连忘返
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
May 1 Monday Sunny
____________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
May 1 Monday Sunny
Today, I had a school trip with my classmates and teachers. We met at the school gate at eight and then we set off by bus.
First, we visited the Great Wall. When we got there, it was nine. We started to climb the great wonder of ancient China immediately and felt how great the ancient people were. That was the first time that we had visited it, so we were very excited. We took many photos on the Great Wall. Then we had lunch there, after which we left for the Fragrant Hills. When we got there, we were amazed at the beautiful scenery. We stayed at the top of the mountain for an hour enjoying the maple leaves and at five we returned by bus.
What an unforgettable trip!
1.As an important figure of the company,Sue tried to figure out how to announce that the company had earned less than 6 figures that year. And most importantly， she figured that few people were likely to believe her. 作为公司的重要人物,苏设法想出如何宣布公司当年收益不足六位数的消息。最重要的是,她认为很少有人会相信她。
2.Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware of how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.每个人都可以买外卖食品，但有时候我们没有意识到我们自己做这些食物会有多便宜。
3.The astonished look on his face told us that he felt astonished to be asked such a question. To our great astonishment，he answered the question and accepted the challenging position. That was really astonishing.他脸上吃惊的表情表明，被问到这样一个问题他感到很吃惊。令我们很吃惊的是，他回答了这个问题并且接受了这个具有挑战性的职位。这真是让人吃惊。
4.Thinking of all the people still in need of help，Dr Lin Qiaozhi opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.考虑到所有仍然需要帮助的人，林巧稚医生开了一家私人诊所。她治疗病人的费用很低，而且她经常减少贫困病人的费用。
5.On domestic flights, airlines generally permit passengers to carry one piece of lightweight hand luggage and one personal item. The size of portable luggage generally cannot exceed 55 centimeters by 40 centimeters by 20 centimeters, and the weight cannot exceed 5 kilograms.在国内航班上，航空公司一般允许乘客携带一件轻便手提行李和一件个人物品。手提行李的尺寸一般不能超过55厘米×40厘米×20厘米，重量不能超过5公斤。
美篇导读
《小王子》是法国作家安托万·德·圣-埃克苏佩里于1942年写成的著名儿童文学短篇小说。本书的主人公是来自外星球的小王子。书中讲述了小王子从自己星球出发前往地球的过程中所经历的各种历险。作者以小王子的孩子式的眼光，透视出成人的空虚、盲目、愚妄和死板教条，用浅显天真的语言写出了人类的孤独寂寞、没有根基随风流浪的命运。同时，也表达出作者对金钱关系的批判，对真善美的讴歌。
美篇呈现
The Little Prince（Excerpt）
It was then that the fox appeared.
“Good morning，” the fox said.
“Good morning，”the little prince responded politely， although when he turned around he saw nothing.
“I am right here，” the voice said， “under the apple tree.”
“Who are you？” asked the little prince， and added， “You are very pretty to look at.”
“I am a fox，”said the fox.
“Come and play with me，” proposed① the little prince.“I am so unhappy.”
“I cannot play with you，”the fox said.“I am not tamed②.”
“Ah！ Please excuse me，” said the little prince. But， after some thought， he added：“What does that mean—‘tame’？”
“You do not live here，” said the fox.“What is it that you are looking for？”
“I am looking for men，” said the little prince.“What does that mean—‘tame’？”
“Men，” said the fox.“They have guns， and they hunt. It is very disturbing. They also raise chickens. These are their only interests. Are you looking for chickens？”
“No，”said the little prince.“I am looking for friends. What does that mean—‘tame’？”
“It is an act too often neglected③，”said the fox.“It means to establish ties.”
“To establish ties？”
“Just that，” said the fox.“To me， you are still nothing more than a little boy who is just like a hundred thousand other little boys. And I have no need of you. And you， on your part， have no need of me. To you， I am nothing more than a fox like a hundred thousand other foxes. But if you tame me， then we shall need each other. To me， you will be unique in all the world. To you， I shall be unique in all the world...”
“I am beginning to understand，” said the little prince.“There is a flower...I think that she has tamed me...”
“It is possible，” said the fox.“On the Earth one sees all sorts of things...”
“My life is very monotonous④，” the fox said.“I hunt chickens； men hunt me. All the chickens are just alike， and all the men are just alike. And， in consequence⑤， I am a little bored. But if you tame me， it will be as if the sun came to shine on my life. I shall know the sound of a step that will be different from all the others. Other steps send me hurrying back underneath the ground. Yours will call me， like music， out of my burrow. And then look：you can see the grain-fields down yonder ？ I do not eat bread. Wheat is of no use⑥ to me. The wheat fields have nothing to say to me. And that is sad. But you have hair that is the colour of gold. Think how wonderful that will be when you have tamed me！
The grain， which is also golden， will bring me back the thought of you. And I shall love to listen to the wind in the wheat...”
The fox gazed at the little prince， for a long time.“Please—tame me！” he said.
“I want to， very much，” the little prince replied.“But I have not much time. I have friends to discover， and a great many things to understand.”
“One only understands the things that one tames，” said the fox.“Men have no more time to understand anything. They buy things all ready made at the shops. But there is no shop anywhere where one can buy friendship， and so men have no friends any more. If you want a friend， tame me...”
“What must I do， to tame you？” asked the little prince.
“You must be very patient，” replied the fox.“First you will sit down at a little distance from me—like that—in the grass. I shall look at you out of the corner of my eye， and you will say nothing. Words are the source of misunderstandings. But you will sit a little closer to me， every day...”
小王子（节选）
这时来了一只狐狸。
“早上好，”狐狸说。
“早上好，”小王子彬彬有礼地回答。可是当他转过身时，却什么也没看到。
“我在这儿呢，苹果树底下，”一个声音提醒他。
“你是谁？”小王子问道，还加了一句，“你长得真漂亮。”
“我是一只狐狸，”狐狸回答道。
“和我一起玩吧，”小王子向狐狸建议道，“我苦恼极了。”
“我不能和你玩，”狐狸说，“我还没有被你驯养呢。”
“啊！对不起，”小王子说道。但是他思索了一会儿，又说，“‘驯养’是什么意思？”
“你不是住在这儿的人，”狐狸说道，“你来这儿寻找什么呢？”
“我正在找人，”小王子答道，“‘驯养’是什么意思？”
“人，”狐狸说道，“人有枪，他们会打猎。这可真讨厌。他们养鸡。这两件事是他们唯一的爱好。你也是来寻找鸡吗？”
“不，”小王子说道，“我是来找朋友的。‘驯养’是什么意思呢？”
“它是经常被人们遗忘的一种行为，”狐狸答道，“它的意思是‘建立联系’。”
“建立联系？”
“当然了，”狐狸说道，“对我来说，你与其他成千上万个小男孩没什么区别，我不需要你。对你来说，我与其他成千上万只狐狸毫无差别，你也不需要我。但是，如果你驯服了我，我们就谁也离不开谁了。那时候，对我来说，在这个世界上你就是独一无二的。而对你而言，我也是这个世界上独一无二的……”
“我有点明白了，”小王子说，“我有一朵花……我想，她已经驯服了我……”
“这是可能的，”狐狸说，“在这个地球上，什么千奇百怪的事情都有可能发生……”
“我的生活单调乏味，”狐狸说，“我捉鸡，人捉我。所有的鸡都是一模一样的，所有的人也都是一模一样的。因此，我感到有些厌烦了。但是如果你驯服了我，我的生活将会充满阳光和欢乐。我将会分辨出一种与众不同的脚步声。听到别人的脚步声，
我会急急忙忙躲进地下洞穴。而唯独你的脚步声会像音乐一样，唤我出洞。再说，你瞧瞧，你看到那边的麦田了吗？我从来不吃面包，小麦也对我毫无用处。麦田也不会使我产生任何联想。这是多么可悲啊！但是，你有一头金黄色的头发。一旦你驯养我，想象一下那该是多美好的事啊！那金黄色的小麦会让我联想起你来。于是，我也会喜欢听穿过麦田的风声……”
狐狸盯着小王子看了很久。“请你……请你驯养我吧！”狐狸最后说道。
“我很想驯养你，”小王子回答道，“但是我没有那么多时间。我得去找朋友，还要去学习理解许多许多的事情。”
“只有被人们驯服了的事物，才能被人们所理解，”狐狸说道，“人们再也没有时间去认识新的事物了。他们总是到商店里买现成的东西。但是，世界上还没有贩卖友谊的商店，因此人们再也没有朋友了。要是你想交一个朋友，就请驯养我吧……”
“驯养你，那我应该怎么做呢？”小王子问道。
“你必须很有耐心，”狐狸答道，“首先，你坐在草地上，离我有一些距离——就像这样。我偷偷地用眼角观察你，你什么也别说。言语是误会的根源。但是，你每天都可以坐得离我更近一些……”
知识积累
①propose v.提议
②tame v.驯化；驯服
③neglect v.忽略；遗忘
④monotonous adj.单调乏味的；毫无变化的
⑤in consequence 结果
⑥be of no use 没有用的
素养链接
这是一则关于友谊的寓言。友谊让人摆脱了孤独与寂寞，使生活充满情趣和欢乐，但同时也让人懂得了离别和忧伤。小王子觉得星星是很美的，因为上面有一朵别人看不到的玫瑰花；狐狸觉得稻子的颜色很美，因为小王子有着和稻子一样的金发……
