(共58张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
1.通过阅读课文，了解人们大量捕捞鲨鱼,造成鲨鱼数量大幅减少的事实；了解全球共同面临的环境问题；了解先进的环保理念,增强环保意识，践行绿色生活方式。（文化意识，思维品质）
2.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力，培养分析长难句的能力。（语言能力, 学习能力）
3.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.词义匹配
A.n.（野生生物）保护区
B.n.（宣传）活动
C.n.报告；（观点的）陈述；说明
D.v.致力；献身；倾注
E.v.释放；排放
F.v.竭力主张；强烈要求；敦促
G.v.影响
H.v.采取（某种方法）
I.v.破损；损害；损伤
J.adj.（问题、伤势、疾病等）很严重的
K.v.把……作为目标
L.n.鲨（鱼）
M.v.（通常指使用呼吸设备的）潜水
1.devote( )
D
2.presentation( )
C
3.reserve( )
A
4.damage( )
I
5.affect( )
G
6.adopt( )
H
7.release( )
E
8.severe( )
J
9.campaign( )
B
10.urge( )
F
11.shark( )
L
12.dive( )
M
13.target( )
K
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1.__________ adv.幸运地→_________ adj.幸运的→ ___________ （反义词） adj.不
幸的
fortunately
fortunate
unfortunate
2.__________ n.灭绝；绝种→_______ adj.灭绝的；绝种的
extinction
extinct
3._______ v. 致力；献身；倾注→________ adj. 忠实的；有献身精神的→_________
n. 挚爱；奉献；忠诚
devote
devoted
devotion
4._________ v.建立；设立→_____________ n. 建立；确立；确定→___________ adj.
确立的；确定的
establish
establishment
established
5._______v. 减少；降低→_________ n. 减少；缩小；降低
reduce
reduction
6.__________n.允许；许可→_______n.执照；许可证 vt.允许
permission
permit
7.__________ adj. 焦急的；担忧的→________ v. 关心 n. 关心→___________ adj.
让人不安的 prep.关于；涉及
concerned
concern
concerning
8.__________ v.促成；造成（某事发生）→___________ n.捐献；贡献
contribute
contribution
构词规律
以字母e结尾的形容词变副词的方法
直接在后面加ly immediate→immediately, polite→politely,
wide→widely
去掉字母e,再加ly true→truly
以le结尾的单词把e换成y able→ably, possible→possibly
1.due ___ 由于；因为
to
2.take..._____ account 把……考虑进去
into
3.be based ____以……为基础
on
4.be covered _____被……覆盖
with
5.____mistake错误地
by
6.be scared of ______________________
害怕；对……感到恐惧
7.the number of ____________
……的数量
8.cut off ______________________________
切掉；切（隔）断；剪下；阻隔
9.come across ________________________________
（偶然）遇到；不期而遇；被理解
10.rather than ________
而不是
1.We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.（see sb doing）
翻译我们看到一个女人晚上在漆黑的海里游泳。
仿写I ________________________ on the square last night.昨晚我在广场上看见许多
人跳舞。
saw many people dancing
2.It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.（“make+宾
语+宾语补足语”结构）
翻译它使人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。
仿写She spoke very loud in order to __________________clearly.为了使自己（的声音）
能被听清楚,她说得很大声。
make herself heard
3.Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the
film.（stop doing）
翻译一些人不再去海里游泳，因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕的动物。
仿写The students ______________ when the teacher entered the classroom.当老师走进
教室时,学生们停止了讲话。
stopped talking
4.This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. （not only...but also...）
翻译这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。
仿写These activities _________help them gain more skills, ________teach them to
care about others. 这些活动不仅帮助他们获得更多的技能,而且还教会他们关心他人。
not only
but also
5.It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with
dead sharks.（be covered with）
翻译渔民正在这片海域割取鲨鳍，海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。
仿写After a heavy snow, the roof ______________________.一场大雪过后,房顶被雪覆
盖了。
was covered with snow
Step 1 先导入，拓展背景知识
Discuss the following questions on the animals in the pictures. Then make up a dialogue according to the sample.
Questions:
1.What do you know about the animals in the pictures
2.What is being done to help them
Sample:
A:I'm concerned about the African elephants. What do you know about them
B:Well, I know that they're being hunted and their habitats is getting smaller, so they're in danger of extinction. Elephants need large living spaces, so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes.
A:That's terrible. What measures are being taken to help them
B:The authorities are under pressure to build elephant parks and tell people not to buy elephant products.
...
[答案] 略
Step 2 再精读，明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
A.Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
B.The opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws.
C.More people want to protect sharks from extinction.
D.Benchley came across an awful sight of dead sharks and fought to protect sharks.
E.Jaws made people more scared of sharks and people killed as many sharks as they could.
1.Para.1( )
B
2.Para.2( )
E
3.Para.3( )
A
4.Para.4( )
D
5.Para.5( )
C
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why does the woman surface and cry in frightened voice ( )
B
A.Because she has thought of her dead shark.
B.Because she has been attacked by a shark.
C.Because she has intended to play a joke on people.
D.Because she has intended to attract people on the seaside.
2.What was the effect of the film Jaws ( )
D
A.Many people began to like white sharks.
B.White sharks became the super stars.
C.People began to eat the dishes made of white sharks.
D.Some people began to kill sharks as many as possible.
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3 ( )
A
A.Finning decreases the number of the sharks.
B.People are not frightened at the sharks any more.
C.People protect the sharks by cutting off their fins.
D.Without fins, the shark will die at once.
4.Who is Peter Benchley according to the passage ( )
B
A.He is a famous director. B.He is a famous writer.
C.He is an excellent expert. D.He is very good at driving.
Step 3 后结构，分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
The film Jaws It tells the story of a great white shark that 1._______ and kills
swimmers, which makes people believe sharks are
2.__________.
The film's badconsequences The film made people 3.__________ of sharks，and people
wanted sharks 4.______.
The number of large sharks around America fell 5.________
after 1975, and soon fell around the world.
attacks
dangerous
frightened
killed
quickly
Peter Benchley'sawareness andmeasure He came to see people as a 6._______ to sharks, rather than
the other way round. He began to fight to 7._______ sharks.
The presentsituation Today，as people learn more about sharks, more and more
people want to protect them from 8.__________.
续表
danger
protect
extinction
Ⅱ.Write a summary in about 60 words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
___
[参考范文] The scene that a woman is being attacked by a shark in the film Jaws makes people further believe that the great white shark is a danger to people. Therefore, people began killing sharks and finning, which greatly reduced the number of sharks around the world. Affected by the scene of finning, the author of the book which the film was based on changed his attitude towards sharks and began to protect them. Now more and more people begin to protect sharks from extinction.
Ⅲ.长难句分析
1.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that
ate humans.
善分析本句为复合句。主语部分中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词（1）_______；动
词believe后为that引导的（2）______从句，其中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先
行词（3）________。
会翻译（4）____________________________________________________
people
宾语
animals
许多看过这部电影的人开始相信,鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。
2.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote
the book the film Jaws was based on.
善分析本句为复合句。the man与Peter Benchley为（1）______语，其后who引导的定
语从句修饰先行词（2）_________，而the book后为省略关系代词that/which的定语从
句，修饰先行词（3）_________。
会翻译（4）________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
同位
the man
the book
割鳍对彼得·本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。此人写了《大白鲨》,电影《大白鲨》就是以该书为蓝本。
核心单词
知识点1 scared adj.害怕的 ＊scare v.使害怕；使恐惧 n.恐慌；恐惧 ＊scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
（P62）People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse.人们一直害怕鲨鱼，但是《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟了。
知识拓展
（be） scared to death 吓得要死
scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑
scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
图解释义
The scary scene scared the boy. He felt scared but he tried to hide his scare. 那可怕的场面把男孩吓坏了。他感到害怕，但他试图掩饰他的恐惧。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Tony ___________（scare） and began to cry.
was scared
（2）Fire would have kept them warm and _______（scare） wild beasts away as
well.
scared
（3）Everyone heard a car whistling by and was scared ___ death.
to
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Some parents try to ___________________________________.有些父母试图用吓
唬的办法使孩子们守规矩。
scare their children into behaving well
（5）Rock climbing was a fun thing but I___________________ at the start.攀岩是很
有趣的一件事，但开始时我吓得要死。
was scared to death
（6）She ____________________________ because she had seen crocodiles there.她害
怕去海滩，因为在那儿她见过鳄鱼。
was scared to go to the beach
知识点2 target v.把……作为目标
（P63）“Sharks don't target humans，” he said.他说：“鲨鱼不以人类为目标。”
知识拓展
achieve one's target 达到目标
aim at a target 瞄准目标
hit/set a target完成/设定目标
target sth on/at...把某物对准……
图解释义
Yes! I hit the target, right in the center! 太好了！我击中了靶子，正中靶心！
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Google used the data collected from users _________（target） advertising
better.
to target
（2）We should set ___ target and try to achieve it.
a
知识点3 fortunately adv.幸运地 ＊fortunate adj. 幸运的 ＊fortune n.运气；命运；财富 ＊unfortunate adj.不幸的 ＊unfortunately adv.不幸地 ＊misfortune n.厄运
（P63）Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.幸运的是，并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。
知识拓展
fortunately for sb 对某人来说幸运的是
be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
make a fortune 发大财
经典佳句
It was fortunate for them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners. And more fortunately for them, they were supported by the government. 他们很幸运，通过与外国人进行贸易发了财。更幸运的是，他们得到了政府的支持。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I was late, but __________（fortunate） the meeting hadn't started.
fortunately
（2）He was fortunate ________（have） a lovely and healthy child.
to have
（3）It is said that the old man made ___ fortune abroad by collecting old things.
a
（4）We have to depend on our original plan if ____________（fortunately） this
one doesn't work out.
unfortunately
（5）He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's
__________（fortune）.
misfortune
知识点4 attitude n.态度
（P64）Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.这张图表展示了（人们）对鲨鱼的态度是如何转变的，用本篇文章中的词汇将其补充完整。
知识拓展
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards... 对……持肯定/否定的态度
take/adopt a/an...attitude 采取……的态度
in a/an...attitude 以……的姿势
经典佳句
People with a positive attitude towards life are more likely to succeed. 对生活持有积极态度的人更有可能成功。
As the saying goes， attitude determines altitude. 俗话说，态度决定高度。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）What is your attitude __________ senior high students taking up a part-time job
towards/to
（2）Beauty is ____ attitude. It has nothing to do with age.
an
（3）He was kneeling by his bed ___ an attitude of devotion.
in
知识点5 affect vt.影响；对……有影响；侵袭；感动 ＊effect n.影响；结果；效应 ＊effective adj.有效果的
（P65）We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes，which affect the water supply downstream. 我们也看到了这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这影响了下游的供水。
知识拓展
be affected by 被……侵袭/感动
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
in effect 实际上；在实施中；有效
come into effect 生效；开始实施
take effect 起作用
经典佳句
It is said that humor not only affects patients' mood, but also helps them recover faster. 据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人更快速地康复。
Even if these measures are not effective forever, they are vital at present. 尽管这些措施不能永久有效，但是目前它们非常重要。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）We ______________________ the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使我们非常
伤感。
were deeply affected by
（2）To some extent，the measure the government has
taken________________________ the remote villages.在某种程度上，政府采取的这项
措施已经对那些偏远的山村产生了极大的影响。
has a great effect on/upon
（3）_________，he didn't like the new film at all. 实际上，他根本不喜欢这部新电
影。
In effect
短语句式
知识点6 due to 由于；因为
（P62）This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. 这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。
知识拓展
be due to do sth 预期/预定要做某事
be due to sb 应支付/应给予/应归于某人
be due for sth 应得到某物
经典佳句
Due to the wrong route they took, they spent more time than expected getting to the destination. 由于选择了错误的路线，他们用了比预计多的时间到达目的地。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你要么是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
名师点拨
表示“因为；由于”的短语还有because of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of、as a consequence of、on account of等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The meeting is due ________ （start） until three.
to start
（2）I'm due ____ a pay rise soon.
for
（3）The money that is due ___ you will be paid before the end of the month.
to
知识点7 cut off 切断
（P62）Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.割鳍是一种捕鱼方式，鲨鱼被捕获后，它们的鳍会被割掉。
知识拓展
cut down 削减；砍伐
cut out 切去
cut up 切碎；剪碎
cut through 穿过；穿透
cut in突然插入；插嘴；超车抢道
经典佳句
The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. 因为大雪，这个镇子与外界隔绝了。
Dad. You smoke too much. You should try to cut down.爸爸，你抽太多烟了。你应该尝试着少抽点。
融会应用 用cut的相关短语填空
（1）Every one of us can make a great effort to __________ the use of energy in
our country.
cut down
（2）She kept __________ on our conversation，which made us very angry.
cutting in
（3）________ the carrots before you put them into the pot.
Cut up
（4）He ___________ the park and got there in time.
cut through
知识点8 not only...but also...
（P62）This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. 这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。
知识拓展
句中not only...but also...表示“不仅……而且……”,是一个并列连词短语,侧重点在but also上。
（1）not only...but also...连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与but also后的主语保持数的一致；
（2）not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构；
（3）not only...but also...结构中, but also可以分开，also也可省略。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Franklin _____________（consider） not only an inventor, but also a statesman
in the world.
is considered
（2）Not only _____ （be） the teacher himself interested in football but all his
students had an interest in it.
was
知识点9 部分否定
（P63）Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. 幸运的是,并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。
知识拓展
句中not everyone为部分否定。
all、both、each、every、everybody、everything、always、completely、whole、entirely、altogether等与否定词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都；并非都”。全部否定用no one、none、neither、nobody、nothing等。
Not all the people in America like beer.
=All the people in America don't like beer.并非所有的美国人都喜爱啤酒。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Money is ______________.金钱不是一切。
not everything
（2）_________________ with your computer.你的电脑没一点儿问题。
Nothing is wrong
（3）______________ has paid a visit to the small town.他们中没有人参观过这个小
镇。
None of them
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Both of us fell off the bike. ___________（fortunate）, neither of us was injured.
Fortunately
2.Already over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to __________
（extinct）.
extinction
3.The _____________（establish） of new international economic order is the essence
of his article.
establishment
4.There are __________（reduce） for children sharing a room with two adults.
reductions
5.It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's __________
（permit）.
permission
6.When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the ________（major） of the students in
the class were against it.
majority
Ⅱ.选词填空
due to；come across；have an effect on；refer to；cut off
1.When you ____________new words you don't know, you can look them up in the
dictionary.
come across
2.It is suggested that the work ___________ just now should be finished at once.
referred to
3.The water supply has been _______ for several days in the city.
cut off
4.Great scientific achievements will _________________ our life as well as society.
have an effect on
5.The old temple was rebuilt _______ many people's donation.
due to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Our farm _______________________ fruits and vegetables. 我们的农场为市场提供
水果和蔬菜。
supplies the market with
2.The expenses ____________________ 1,000 yuan each month.每月的费用已降到
1000元。
have been reduced to
3.She only ________________________ TV at weekends.她只允许孩子们周末看电视。
permits children to watch
4._______________ his books are kept upstairs.他大部分的书都放在楼上。
The majority of
5.When my old friend Brian __________________ a cigarette，it was more than I
could bear.当我的老朋友Brian劝我抽烟时，我快忍不住（接受）了。
urged me to accept
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Since the film Jaws was shown in 1975, people have always been 1._______
（scare） of sharks. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks
were bad 2.________ （animal） that ate humans. Some people started fishing for
sharks，3._______ （kill） as many as they could. At that time，nobody cared if
sharks were killed or how many sharks were killed. People just wanted them killed.
After 1975, 4.____ number of large sharks fell 5.________ （quick） around the
world. This was not only due 6.___ fear of sharks，but also finning. Finning would
have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the
scared
animals
killing
the
quickly
to
film Jaws 7.__________ （base） on. In 1980，Benchley 8.___________ （dive）
when he came across an awful sight. It was an area 9._______ fishermen were
finning，and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. He came to see people as
a danger to sharks，rather than the other way round. From that day on，he
10._______ （fight） to protect sharks.
was based
was diving
where
foughtUnit 6 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读课文,了解人们大量捕捞鲨鱼,造成鲨鱼数量大幅减少的事实;了解全球共同面临的环境问题;了解先进的环保理念,增强环保意识,践行绿色生活方式。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力,培养分析长难句的能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
3.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.词义匹配
( )1.devote ( )2.presentation
( )3.reserve ( )4.damage
( )5.affect ( )6.adopt
( )7.release ( )8.severe
( )9.campaign ( )10.urge
( )11.shark ( )12.dive
( )13.target
A.n.(野生生物)保护区
B.n.(宣传)活动
C.n.报告;(观点的)陈述;说明
D.v.致力;献身;倾注
E.v.释放;排放
F.v.竭力主张;强烈要求;敦促
G.v.影响
H.v.采取(某种方法)
I.v.破损;损害;损伤
J.adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的
K.v.把……作为目标
L.n.鲨(鱼)
M.v.(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
答案 1~7 DCAIGHE 8~13 JBFLMK
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. adv.幸运地→ adj.幸运的→ (反义词) adj.不幸的
2. n.灭绝;绝种→ adj.灭绝的;绝种的
3. v. 致力;献身;倾注→ adj. 忠实的;有献身精神的→ n. 挚爱;奉献;忠诚
4. v.建立;设立→ n. 建立;确立;确定→ adj. 确立的;确定的
5. v. 减少;降低→ n. 减少;缩小;降低
6. n.允许;许可→ n.执照;许可证 vt.允许
7. adj. 焦急的;担忧的→ v. 关心 n. 关心→ adj. 让人不安的 prep.关于;涉及
8. v.促成;造成(某事发生)→ n.捐献;贡献
答案 1.fortunately; fortunate; unfortunate
2.extinction; extinct 3.devote; devoted; devotion
4.establish; establishment; established 5.reduce; reduction 6.permission; permit 7.concerned; concern; concerning 8.contribute; contribution
构词规律
以字母e结尾的形容词变副词的方法
直接在后面加ly immediate→immediately, polite→politely, wide→widely
去掉字母e,再加ly true→truly
以le结尾的单词把e换成y able→ably, possible→possibly
Step 2 短语记诵
1.due 由于;因为
2.take... account 把……考虑进去
3.be based 以……为基础
4.be covered 被……覆盖
5. mistake错误地
6.be scared of
7.the number of
8.cut off
9.come across
10.rather than
答案 1.to 2.into 3.on 4.with 5.by 6.害怕;对……感到恐惧 7.……的数量 8.切掉;切(隔)断;剪下;阻隔 9.(偶然)遇到;不期而遇;被理解
10.而不是
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.(see sb doing)
翻译 我们看到一个女人晚上在漆黑的海里游泳。
仿写 I on the square last night.昨晚我在广场上看见许多人跳舞。
2.It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.(“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构)
翻译 它使人们害怕鲨鱼,尤其是大白鲨。
仿写 She spoke very loud in order to clearly.为了使自己(的声音)能被听清楚,她说得很大声。
3.Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film.(stop doing)
翻译 一些人不再去海里游泳,因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕的动物。
仿写 The students when the teacher entered the classroom.当老师走进教室时,学生们停止了讲话。
4.This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. (not only...but also...)
翻译 这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。
仿写 These activities help them gain more skills, teach them to care about others. 这些活动不仅帮助他们获得更多的技能,而且还教会他们关心他人。
5.It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.(be covered with)
翻译 渔民正在这片海域割取鲨鳍,海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。
仿写 After a heavy snow, the roof .一场大雪过后,房顶被雪覆盖了。
答案 1.saw many people dancing 2.make herself heard 3.stopped talking 4.not only; but also
5.was covered with snow
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 先导入,拓展背景知识
Discuss the following questions on the animals in the pictures. Then make up a dialogue according to the sample.
Questions:
1.What do you know about the animals in the pictures
2.What is being done to help them
African elephant Panda
Blue whale
Sample:
A:I'm concerned about the African elephants. What do you know about them
B:Well, I know that they're being hunted and their habitats is getting smaller, so they're in danger of extinction. Elephants need large living spaces, so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes.
A:That's terrible. What measures are being taken to help them
B:The authorities are under pressure to build elephant parks and tell people not to buy elephant products.
...
答案 略
导学思路
通过这一活动,学生谈论了濒危动物的话题;通过分析这些濒危动物所面临的问题,学生能够用已有的知识和经验讨论处于保护状态下的濒临灭绝的动物,从而有效地引导学生关注本单元话题,关注动物生存现状。培养学生学会运用自主式学习、合作式学习、探究式学习等学习方式进行课堂探究的能力。
Step 2 再精读,明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5
A.Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
B.The opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws.
C.More people want to protect sharks from extinction.
D.Benchley came across an awful sight of dead sharks and fought to protect sharks.
E.Jaws made people more scared of sharks and people killed as many sharks as they could.
答案 1~5 BEADC
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 62-63 carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why does the woman surface and cry in frightened voice
A.Because she has thought of her dead shark.
B.Because she has been attacked by a shark.
C.Because she has intended to play a joke on people.
D.Because she has intended to attract people on the seaside.
2.What was the effect of the film Jaws
A.Many people began to like white sharks.
B.White sharks became the super stars.
C.People began to eat the dishes made of white sharks.
D.Some people began to kill sharks as many as possible.
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.Finning decreases the number of the sharks.
B.People are not frightened at the sharks any more.
C.People protect the sharks by cutting off their fins.
D.Without fins, the shark will die at once.
4.Who is Peter Benchley according to the passage
A.He is a famous director.
B.He is a famous writer.
C.He is an excellent expert.
D.He is very good at driving.
答案 1~4 BDAB
Step 3 后结构,分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
The film Jaws It tells the story of a great white shark that 1. and kills swimmers, which makes people believe sharks are 2. .
The film's bad consequences The film made people 3. of sharks,and people wanted sharks 4. . The number of large sharks around America fell 5. after 1975, and soon fell around the world.
Peter Benchley's awareness and measure He came to see people as a 6. to sharks, rather than the other way round. He began to fight to 7. sharks.
The present situation Today,as people learn more about sharks, more and more people want to protect them from 8. .
答案 1.attacks 2.dangerous 3.frightened 4.killed 5.quickly 6.danger 7.protect 8.extinction
Ⅱ.Write a summary in about 60 words according to the passage on Pages 62-63.
_______________________________________________________________________________
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参考范文
The scene that a woman is being attacked by a shark in the film Jaws makes people further believe that the great white shark is a danger to people. Therefore, people began killing sharks and finning, which greatly reduced the number of sharks around the world. Affected by the scene of finning, the author of the book which the film was based on changed his attitude towards sharks and began to protect them. Now more and more people begin to protect sharks from extinction.
Ⅲ.长难句分析
1.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.
善分析 本句为复合句。主语部分中who引导定语从句,修饰先行词(1) ;动词believe后为that引导的(2) 从句,其中包含一个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词(3) 。
会翻译 (4)_________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)people (2)宾语 (3)animals (4)许多看过这部电影的人开始相信,鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。
2.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley,the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.
善分析 本句为复合句。the man与Peter Benchley为(1) 语,其后who引导的定语从句修饰先行词(2) ,而the book后为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词(3) 。
会翻译 (4)_________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)同位 (2)the man (3)the book (4)割鳍对彼得·本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。此人写了《大白鲨》,电影《大白鲨》就是以该书为蓝本。
新知探究
核心素养
《大白鲨》是1975年上映的一部美国惊悚电影,是由史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格拍摄的经典影片之一,根据彼得·本奇利的同名小说改编而成。
影片讲述了一个名叫艾米蒂岛的暑期度假小镇近海出现一头巨大的食人大白鲨,多名游客命丧其口,当地警长在一名海洋生物学家和一位职业鲨鱼捕手的帮助下决心猎杀这头鲨鱼的故事。
解析教材
SHARKS:DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly,she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers(1). Jaws was a great success,attracting huge audiences and winning many awards(2). It strengthened people's long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
鲨鱼:危险动物还是濒危动物
我们看到一个女人晚上在漆黑的海里游泳。突然,她被拖到了水下。她浮出了水面,恐惧地大哭,然后永远消失了。这是1975年上映的电影《大白鲨》的开场,展示了鲨鱼攻击人类的画面。电影讲述了一条大白鲨袭击并杀死游泳者的故事。《大白鲨》获得了巨大的成功,它吸引了大批观众,并赢得了许多奖项。这部电影加强了人们长期持有的观念,即大白鲨是一种危险的动物。
【助读点拨】
(1)that attacks and kills swimmers为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词shark。
(2)attracting huge audiences and winning many awards为两个并列的动词-ing形式作状语。
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. It made people frightened(3)of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans. Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could(4). At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed. People just wanted them killed.
人们一直害怕鲨鱼,但是《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟了。它使人们害怕鲨鱼,尤其是大白鲨。许多看过这部电影的人开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。一些人不再去海里游泳,因为害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕的动物。其他人开始捕捞鲨鱼,尽可能地捕杀鲨鱼。那时,没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀死,或者有多少被杀死。人们认为鲨鱼死有余辜。
【助读点拨】
(3)made people frightened是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。
(4)killing as many as they could为动词-ing形式作状语。 After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.(5) The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully. The fins are used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
1975年以后,美国各地的大型鲨鱼数量迅速下降,这一趋势很快蔓延到全球。这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。割鳍是一种捕鱼方式,鲨鱼被捕获后,它们的鳍会被割掉。然后鲨鱼被扔回海里,在那里它们缓慢而痛苦地死去。鱼鳍用于做鱼翅汤。每年有数百万条鲨鱼因此丧命。
【助读点拨】
(5)本句中动词-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;where sharks are caught...为定语从句修饰a type of fishing。
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on (6). In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight(7). It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour. “Sharks don't target humans,” he said. Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.
割鳍对彼得·本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。此人写了《大白鲨》,电影《大白鲨》就是以该书为蓝本。1980年,本奇利正在潜水时突然看到了一个可怕的景象。渔民正在这片海域割取鲨鳍,海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。本奇利看见鲨鱼被杀害,这使他的内心产生了深刻的变化。他意识到人类对鲨鱼是一种威胁,而不是鲨鱼对人类是威胁。从那天起,他就努力保护鲨鱼。他承认他的书中关于鲨鱼行为的描述是错误的。他说:“鲨鱼不以人类为目标。”专家们已经证明,鲨鱼并不把人当作食物,它们不过是误袭人类。每年只有大约六人被鲨鱼咬死。
【助读点拨】
(6)the man与Peter Benchley为同位语,其后who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the man,而the book后为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the book。
(7)be doing sth when...表示“正在做……突然……”,其中when为并列连词。
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks(8), more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
幸运的是,并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。今天,随着我们对鲨鱼了解的加深,越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝。
【助读点拨】
(8)as we learn more about sharks是as引导的时间状语从句,as表示“随着”。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 scared adj.害怕的 *scare v.使害怕;使恐惧 n.恐慌;恐惧 *scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的
(P62)People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse.人们一直害怕鲨鱼,但是《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟了。
知识拓展
(be) scared to death 吓得要死
scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑
scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
图解释义
The scary scene scared the boy. He felt scared but he tried to hide his scare. 那可怕的场面把男孩吓坏了。他感到害怕,但他试图掩饰他的恐惧。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Tony (scare) and began to cry.
(2)Fire would have kept them warm and (scare) wild beasts away as well.
(3)Everyone heard a car whistling by and was scared death.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)Some parents try to .有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子们守规矩。
(5)Rock climbing was a fun thing but I at the start.攀岩是很有趣的一件事,但开始时我吓得要死。
(6)She because she had seen crocodiles there.她害怕去海滩,因为在那儿她见过鳄鱼。
答案 (1)was scared (2)scared (3)to (4)scare their children into behaving well (5)was scared to death (6)was scared to go to the beach
知识点2 target v.把……作为目标
(P63)“Sharks don't target humans,” he said.他说:“鲨鱼不以人类为目标。”
知识拓展
achieve one's target 达到目标
aim at a target 瞄准目标
hit/set a target完成/设定目标
target sth on/at...把某物对准……
图解释义
Yes! I hit the target, right in the center! 太好了!我击中了靶子,正中靶心!
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Google used the data collected from users (target) advertising better.
(2)We should set target and try to achieve it.
答案 (1)to target (2)a
知识点3 fortunately adv.幸运地 *fortunate adj. 幸运的 *fortune n.运气;命运;财富 *unfortunate adj.不幸的 *unfortunately adv.不幸地 *misfortune n. 厄运
(P63)Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them.幸运的是,并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。
知识拓展
fortunately for sb 对某人来说幸运的是
be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事
make a fortune 发大财
经典佳句
It was fortunate for them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners. And more fortunately for them, they were supported by the government. 他们很幸运,通过与外国人进行贸易发了财。更幸运的是,他们得到了政府的支持。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)I was late, but (fortunate) the meeting hadn't started.
(2)He was fortunate (have) a lovely and healthy child.
(3)It is said that the old man made fortune abroad by collecting old things.
(4)We have to depend on our original plan if (fortunately) this one doesn't work out.
(5)He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's (fortune).
答案 (1)fortunately (2)to have (3)a
(4)unfortunately (5)misfortune
知识点4 attitude n.态度
(P64)Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.这张图表展示了(人们)对鲨鱼的态度是如何转变的,用本篇文章中的词汇将其补充完整。
知识拓展
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards... 对……持肯定/否定的态度
take/adopt a/an...attitude 采取……的态度
in a/an...attitude 以……的姿势
经典佳句
People with a positive attitude towards life are more likely to succeed. 对生活持有积极态度的人更有可能成功。
As the saying goes, attitude determines altitude. 俗话说,态度决定高度。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)What is your attitude senior high students taking up a part-time job
(2)Beauty is attitude.It has nothing to do with age.
(3)He was kneeling by his bed an attitude of devotion.
答案 (1)towards/to (2)an (3)in
知识点5 affect vt.影响;对……有影响;侵袭;感动 *effect n. 影响;结果;效应 *effective adj. 有效果的
(P65)We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes,which affect the water supply downstream. 我们也看到了这些变化引起的干旱和洪水,这影响了下游的供水。
知识拓展
be affected by 被……侵袭/感动
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
in effect 实际上;在实施中;有效
come into effect 生效;开始实施
take effect 起作用
经典佳句
It is said that humor not only affects patients' mood, but also helps them recover faster. 据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪,而且还有助于病人更快速地康复。
Even if these measures are not effective forever, they are vital at present. 尽管这些措施不能永久有效,但是目前它们非常重要。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)We the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使我们非常伤感。
(2)To some extent,the measure the government has taken the remote villages.在某种程度上,政府采取的这项措施已经对那些偏远的山村产生了极大的影响。
(3) ,he didn't like the new film at all. 实际上,他根本不喜欢这部新电影。
答案 (1)were deeply affected by (2)has a great effect on/upon (3)In effect
短 语 句 式
知识点6 due to 由于;因为
(P62)This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. 这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。
知识拓展
be due to do sth 预期/预定要做某事
be due to sb 应支付/应给予/应归于某人
be due for sth 应得到某物
经典佳句
Due to the wrong route they took, they spent more time than expected getting to the destination. 由于选择了错误的路线,他们用了比预计多的时间到达目的地。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你要么是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
名师点拨
表示“因为;由于”的短语还有because of、owing to、thanks to、as a result of、as a consequence of、on account of等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The meeting is due (start) until three.
(2)I'm due a pay rise soon.
(3)The money that is due you will be paid before the end of the month.
答案 (1)to start (2)for (3)to
知识点7 cut off切断
(P62)Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.割鳍是一种捕鱼方式,鲨鱼被捕获后,它们的鳍会被割掉。
知识拓展
cut down 削减;砍伐
cut out 切去
cut up 切碎;剪碎
cut through 穿过;穿透
cut in突然插入;插嘴;超车抢道
经典佳句
The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. 因为大雪,这个镇子与外界隔绝了。
Dad. You smoke too much. You should try to cut down.爸爸,你抽太多烟了。你应该尝试着少抽点。
融会应用 用cut的相关短语填空
(1)Every one of us can make a great effort to the use of energy in our country.
(2)She kept on our conversation,which made us very angry.
(3) the carrots before you put them into the pot.
(4)He the park and got there in time.
答案 (1)cut down (2)cutting in (3)Cut up
(4)cut through
知识点8 not only...but also...
(P62)This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. 这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为割鳍。
知识拓展
句中not only...but also...表示“不仅……而且……”,是一个并列连词短语,侧重点在but also上。
(1)not only...but also...连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与but also后的主语保持数的一致;
(2)not only放在句首,后接句子时要用倒装结构;
(3)not only...but also...结构中, but also可以分开,also也可省略。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Franklin (consider) not only an inventor, but also a statesman in the world.
(2)Not only (be) the teacher himself interested in football but all his students had an interest in it.
答案 (1)is considered (2)was
知识点9 部分否定
(P63)Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them. 幸运的是,并不是每个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都害怕鲨鱼——有些人对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。
知识拓展
句中not everyone为部分否定。
all、both、each、every、everybody、everything、always、completely、whole、entirely、altogether等与否定词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都;并非都”。全部否定用no one、none、neither、nobody、nothing等。
Not all the people in America like beer.
=All the people in America don't like beer.并非所有的美国人都喜爱啤酒。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Money is .金钱不是一切。
(2) with your computer.你的电脑没一点儿问题。
(3) has paid a visit to the small town.他们中没有人参观过这个小镇。
答案 (1)not everything (2)Nothing is wrong
(3)None of them
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Both of us fell off the bike. (fortunate), neither of us was injured.
2.Already over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to (extinct).
3.The (establish) of new international economic order is the essence of his article.
4.There are (reduce) for children sharing a room with two adults.
5.It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's (permit).
6.When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the (major) of the students in the class were against it.
答案 1.Fortunately 2.extinction 3.establishment 4.reductions 5.permission 6.majority
Ⅱ.选词填空
due to;come across;have an effect on;refer to;cut off
1.When you new words you don't know, you can look them up in the dictionary.
2.It is suggested that the work just now should be finished at once.
3.The water supply has been for several days in the city.
4.Great scientific achievements will our life as well as society.
5.The old temple was rebuilt many people's donation.
答案 1.come across 2.referred to 3.cut off
4.have an effect on 5.due to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Our farm fruits and vegetables. 我们的农场为市场提供水果和蔬菜。
2.The expenses 1,000 yuan each month.每月的费用已降到1 000元。
3.She only TV at weekends.她只允许孩子们周末看电视。
4. his books are kept upstairs.他大部分的书都放在楼上。
5.When my old friend Brian a cigarette,it was more than I could bear.当我的老朋友Brian劝我抽烟时,我快忍不住(接受)了。
答案 1.supplies the market with 2.have been reduced to 3.permits children to watch 4.The majority of 5.urged me to accept
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Since the film Jaws was shown in 1975, people have always been 1. (scare) of sharks. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad 2. (animal) that ate humans.Some people started fishing for sharks,3. (kill) as many as they could. At that time,nobody cared if sharks were killed or how many sharks were killed. People just wanted them killed. After 1975, 4. number of large sharks fell 5. (quick) around the world.This was not only due 6. fear of sharks,but also finning. Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley,the man who wrote the book the film Jaws 7. (base) on. In 1980,Benchley 8. (dive) when he came across an awful sight. It was an area 9. fishermen were finning,and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round. From that day on,he 10. (fight) to protect sharks.
答案 1.scared 2.animals 3.killing 4.the
5.quickly 6.to 7.was based 8.was diving
9.where 10.fought
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