Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Using language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握简单句的基本句型。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化简单句的基本句型,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 debate n.辩论;争论;讨论 v.辩论;讨论
(P6)Join the Debate Club! 加入辩论俱乐部!
知识拓展
debate (with sb) about/on/over sth(与某人)辩论/讨论某事
under debate 在讨论中;在辩论中
图解释义
They debated with each other on the question of the origin of the universe.他们就宇宙的起源问题进行了辩论。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I don't wish to debate my opinions you.
(2)They debated with each other the
environmental protection.
(3)As far as I know, the plan is debate and hasn't been passed yet.
答案 (1)with (2)on/about/over (3)under
知识点2 argue v.争论;争辩 *argument n.争论;争吵;论点
(P6)Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds!与学校里头脑最敏锐的人辩论本周最热门的话题!
知识拓展
argue with sb about/over sth就某事与某人争论
argue that... 主张;认为
argue for (doing) sth据理力争(做)某事
argue against (doing) sth 据理反对(做)某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
经典佳句
The workers had argued with the boss for a few days,but failed to argue him into giving them a rise in wages.工人们和老板争论了几天,但没能说服他给他们加薪。
易混辨析
argue和quarrel的辨析:
argue 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护,强调说理、论证和企图说服
quarrel 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好地大声争论某事,尤指吵架、吵嘴
融会应用
单句填空
(1)It was funny that the kids spent more time arguing the rules than playing the game.
(2)He argued smoking,and thought that it is harmful to health.
(3)We argued her joining us in playing tennis.
答案 (1)about/over (2)against (3)into
知识点3 apply vi.申请;适用 vt.应用;使用;努力工作 *applicant n.申请人 *application n.申请;应用;应用软件
(P7)After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college.课外活动也在学生申请大学时发挥作用。
知识拓展
apply for 申请;应聘
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply...to... 把……应用到……
apply one's mind/oneself to 致力于;专心于
application form 申请表;申请书
经典佳句
My English teacher is a respectable teacher, who often encourages me to apply myself to my studies.我的英语老师是一位值得尊敬的老师,经常鼓励我专心学习。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)His (apply) for membership of the organisation was rejected.
(2)If the (apply) is not a true candidate for the job, do not interview him.
(3)She applied five companies a job.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)I'm as a student volunteer.我写信是为了申请学生志愿者的职位。
(5)I'd appreciate it if you can help me for a new passport.如果你能帮我填写新护照申请表,我将不胜感激。
答案 (1)application (2)applicant (3)to; for (4)writing to apply for the position (5)fill in the application form
短 语 句 式
知识点4 take up占用(时间);占据(空间);拿起;开始从事;开始做
(P7)However,they can take up a lot of time,so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.然而,它们会占用很多时间,所以学生要学会安排自己忙碌的日程表。
知识拓展
take part in 参加
take one's time 慢慢来;别着急
take it easy 别紧张;放松点
take over 接收;接管;控制
take off 除去;脱掉;起飞
take in 吸收;领会;欺骗
take down 记下;拿下;拆卸
图解释义
take off
起飞 take up space
占据空间 take down notes
记笔记
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He the telephone receiver and began to dial.他拿起电话听筒开始拨号码。
(2)If you trust him, you will certainly .如果你相信他, 你一定会受骗。
(3)The reporters the content of the speech immediately.记者们立即记下讲话的内容。
(4)I talked with a friend recently who at a start-up company.我最近和一个朋友聊天,他在一家新成立的公司任职。
答案 (1)took up (2)be taken in (3)took down (4)took up a position
语法探究
简单句的基本句型
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意观察句式结构。
1.My head aches.
2.I finished my homework.
3.I am a Senior Three student.
4.He told me a funny story.=He told a funny story to me.
5.I advised my grandmother to stay in bed and rest.
6.He talked too much.
7.A boy met a girl during the break.
我的发现
(1)句1是主谓(SV)结构,此类句型的谓语动词是 。
(2)句2是主谓宾(SVO)结构,该句型的谓语动词是 ,后面必须跟宾语,常用作宾语的有 、 、 、动词-ing形式或从句等。
(3)句3是主系表(SP)结构,此类句型的谓语动词必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整意思,这类动词叫 。表语常由 、 、 、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、动词不定式或从句充当。
(4)句4是主谓宾宾(S V IO DO)结构,即“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”,句中的直接宾语也可提至间接宾语前,此时间接宾语前应加介词 或 。
(5)句5是主谓宾宾补(SVOC)结构,谓语动词后要跟复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语),常用作宾语补足语的有 、 、 、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式等。
(6)句6是主谓状(SVA)结构,该句型的谓语动词为 ,副词或介词短语在句中作 ,修饰或说明谓语。
(7)句7是主谓宾状(SVOA)结构,该句型的谓语动词为 。
答案 (1)不及物动词 (2)及物动词;名词;代词;动词不定式 (3)系动词;名词;形容词;介词短语
(4)to; for (5)名词;形容词;介词短语 (6)不及物动词;状语 (7)及物动词
探究点1 主语+谓语(SV)
有些不及物动词能够单独构成谓语,其后不用接其他成分就能表达完整的意思。但是有少数几个动词其后必须有状语,否则结构不完整,意义不明确。
Time flies. 时光飞逝。
The bus has left. 公共汽车已经离开了。
The rain has stopped.雨已经停了。
探究点2 主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)
名词和代词常作宾语,除此之外,动词不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等也可作宾语。有些动词后通常不能接动词-ing形式作宾语,只能接动词不定式作宾语,如agree、ask、decide、hope、promise、plan、refuse、want、prepare、would like等;有些动词不能接动词不定式作宾语,只能接动词-ing形式作宾语,如miss、enjoy、mind、finish等。
May I ask some questions 我可以问一些问题吗
Children love to play this game. 孩子们喜欢玩这个游戏。
It doesn't matter. I like walking. 没关系。我喜欢散步。
I hope you all have a good time. 我希望你们都玩得开心。
探究点3 主语+系动词+表语(SP)
在“主语+系动词+表语”句型中,“系动词+表语”一起构成复合谓语。可充当表语的有名词、形容词、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、动词不定式、介词短语或从句等。一般不能用副词作表语,但某些表示地点的副词或与介词同形的副词可以在be后面作表语,如 here、there、over there、back、abroad、outside、below、in、up、down、off、over等。系动词后面通常接形容词作表语。常见的系动词:
(1)表示“……是”:prove、seem、appear、remain
(2)表示“变成”:become、grow、turn、get、go
(3)表示“……起来”:taste、look、sound、feel、smell
Traffic in cities is getting heavier and heavier.城市的交通变得越来越拥挤。
Anyone should be honest to his families, teachers and classmates.任何人都应该对家人、老师和同学诚实。
He seems interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。
The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。
探究点4 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S V IO DO)
间接宾语通常放在直接宾语之前。当间接宾语是较长的名词时,通常将其放在直接宾语后。若将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后,其前要加介词to或for。用to侧重指动作的方向,表示“朝着;对着”;用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示“为了;替”。
Tom bought me a book.汤姆给我买了一本书。
He handed me a book.他递给我一本书。
Tom bought a book for my little brother.汤姆给我的弟弟买了一本书。
He handed a book to Li Ming,our monitor.他递了一本书给我们的班长李明。
It gives her a sense of duty. 这给了她责任感。
探究点5 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)
在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的句型中,宾语补足语对前面的宾语进行补充说明,从而使句子的意思更加完整。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。宾语补足语由名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式充当。有一些动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语时,动词不定式要省去to,常见的这类动词有feel、hear、make、have、let、see、watch、notice、observe等,变成被动语态时,to要还原。help后接动词不定式作宾补时,动词不定式符号to可以省略,也可以保留。
They made the girl angry.他们使这个女孩生气了。
They found her happy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。
They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。
I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去。
They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。
I helped her (to) choose a new dictionary. 我帮她选了一本新词典。
探究点6 主语+谓语+状语(SVA)
该句型的谓语动词通常为不及物动词,其后必须带状语,否则结构不完整,意义不明确。副词或介词短语在句中作状语,修饰或说明谓语动词。
The children stayed in the room.孩子们待在房间里。
He runs slowly in the park every day.他每天在公园里慢跑。
His parents have worked in the company for ten years.他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。
探究点7 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)
该句型的谓语动词通常为及物动词,副词或介词短语在句中作状语,修饰或说明谓语动词。
The man raised his arms above his head.那个人把手臂举过头顶。
The girl enjoys reading in the morning.这个女孩喜欢早上读书。
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.大风把落叶从地面上刮了起来。
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.写出下列句中加黑部分充当的句子成分
1.The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital.
2.To be or not to be is a question.
3.His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully.
4.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday.
5.Is he the man who wants to see you
6.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends.
7.I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul.
8.What you explained just now didn't satisfy me.
9.We must get together again some day.
10.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.
答案 1.表语 2.主语 3.宾语补足语 4.宾语补足语
5.定语 6.宾语 7.宾语 8.主语 9.状语 10.状语
Ⅱ.分析下列句子的句式结构
1.Plants need water.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.The flower is so fresh.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.They are working.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.He gives me some seeds.
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.We should keep the classroom clean.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.主语+谓语+宾语
2.主语+系动词+表语
3.主语+谓语
4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
Ⅲ.判断画线部分的基本句型
Once upon a time,there lived three monks in a small temple. 1.And they never agreed with one another. One autumn night there were thousands of stars in the sky. 2.A monk was sitting on a rock,holding a fishing rod up to catch one of the stars. 3.This surprised the other two monks.“What a fool you are!”said the second monk. “4.How can you catch a star with such a short rod You had better have a longer one!” 5.He gave the first monk a longer rod.But the first monk failed again. The third monk saw this and made fun of them.Then he climbed onto the roof of the temple and shouted,“Look!6.I'm much nearer to the stars than you.7.And I'll soon catch a star!”
答案 1.SVO 2.SVA 3.SVO 4.SVOA
5.S V IO DO 6.SP 7.SVO
2(共32张PPT)
Unit 1 A new start
Section Ⅱ Using language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握简单句的基本句型。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化简单句的基本句型,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 debate n.辩论；争论；讨论 v.辩论；讨论
（P6）Join the Debate Club! 加入辩论俱乐部！
知识拓展
debate （with sb） about/on/over sth（与某人）辩论/讨论某事
under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中
图解释义
They debated with each other on the question of the origin of the universe.他们就宇宙的起源问题进行了辩论。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I don't wish to debate my opinions _____ you.
with
（2）They debated with each other _____________ the
environmental protection.
on/about/over
（3）As far as I know, the plan is ______ debate and hasn't been passed yet.
under
知识点2 argue v.争论；争辩 ＊argument n.争论；争吵；论点
（P6）Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds!与学校里头脑最敏锐的人辩论本周最热门的话题！
知识拓展
argue with sb about/over sth就某事与某人争论
argue that... 主张；认为
argue for （doing） sth据理力争（做）某事
argue against （doing） sth 据理反对（做）某事
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
经典佳句
The workers had argued with the boss for a few days，but failed to argue him into giving them a rise in wages.工人们和老板争论了几天，但没能说服他给他们加薪。
易混辨析
argue和quarrel的辨析：
argue 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，强调说
理、论证和企图说服
quarrel 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好地大声争论某事，尤指吵架、
吵嘴
融会应用 单句填空
（1）It was funny that the kids spent more time arguing __________ the rules than
playing the game.
about/over
（2）He argued _______ smoking，and thought that it is harmful to health.
against
（3）We argued her _____ joining us in playing tennis.
into
知识点3 apply vi.申请；适用 vt.应用；使用；努力工作 ＊applicant n.申请人 ＊application n.申请；应用；应用软件
（P7）After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college.课外活动也在学生申请大学时发挥作用。
知识拓展
apply for 申请；应聘
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply...to... 把……应用到……
apply one's mind/oneself to 致力于；专心于
application form 申请表；申请书
经典佳句
My English teacher is a respectable teacher, who often encourages me to apply myself to my studies.我的英语老师是一位值得尊敬的老师，经常鼓励我专心学习。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）His ___________ （apply） for membership of the organisation was rejected.
application
（2）If the _________ （apply） is not a true candidate for the job, do not
interview him.
applicant
（3）She applied ___ five companies ____a job.
to
for
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）I'm ______________________________ as a student volunteer.我写信是为了申请
学生志愿者的职位。
writing to apply for the position
（5）I'd appreciate it if you can help me _________________________ for a new
passport.如果你能帮我填写新护照申请表，我将不胜感激。
fill in the application form
短语句式
知识点4 take up 占用（时间）；占据（空间）；拿起；开始从事；开始做
（P7）However，they can take up a lot of time，so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.然而，它们会占用很多时间，所以学生要学会安排自己忙碌的日程表。
知识拓展
take part in 参加
take one's time 慢慢来；别着急
take it easy 别紧张；放松点
take over 接收；接管；控制
take off 除去；脱掉；起飞
take in 吸收；领会；欺骗
take down 记下；拿下；拆卸
图解释义
take off起飞
take up space 占据空间
take down notes 记笔记
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He ________the telephone receiver and began to dial.他拿起电话听筒开始拨号
码。
took up
（2）If you trust him, you will certainly ___________.如果你相信他， 你一定会受骗。
be taken in
（3）The reporters ___________the content of the speech immediately.记者们立即记
下讲话的内容。
took down
（4）I talked with a friend recently who __________________at a start-up company.
我最近和一个朋友聊天，他在一家新成立的公司任职。
took up a position
简单句的基本句型
自主探究
阅读下列句子，并注意观察句式结构。
1.My head aches.
2.I finished my homework.
3.I am a Senior Three student.
4.He told me a funny story.=He told a funny story to me.
5.I advised my grandmother to stay in bed and rest.
6.He talked too much.
7.A boy met a girl during the break.
我的发现（1） 句1是主谓（SV）结构,此类句型的谓语动词是____________。
不及物动词
（2）句2是主谓宾（SVO）结构,该句型的谓语动词是__________,后面必须跟宾语,常
用作宾语的有______、______、____________、动词-ing形式或从句等。
及物动词
名词
代词
动词不定式
（3）句3是主系表（SP）结构,此类句型的谓语动词必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态
的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整意思,这类动词叫________。表语常由______、
________、__________、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、动词不定式或从句充当。
系动词
名词
形容词
介词短语
（4）句4是主谓宾宾（S V IO DO）结构,即“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”,句中的
直接宾语也可提至间接宾语前,此时间接宾语前应加介词___或____。
to
for
（5）句5是主谓宾宾补（SVOC）结构,谓语动词后要跟复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）,
常用作宾语补足语的有______、________、__________、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing
形式或动词-ed形式等。
名词
形容词
介词短语
（6）句6是主谓状（SVA）结构，该句型的谓语动词为____________，副词或介词短
语在句中作______，修饰或说明谓语。
不及物动词
状语
（7）句7是主谓宾状（SVOA）结构，该句型的谓语动词为__________。
及物动词
探究点1 主语+谓语（SV）
有些不及物动词能够单独构成谓语，其后不用接其他成分就能表达完整的意思。但是有少数几个动词其后必须有状语，否则结构不完整，意义不明确。
Time flies. 时光飞逝。
The bus has left. 公共汽车已经离开了。
The rain has stopped.雨已经停了。
探究点2 主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）
名词和代词常作宾语，除此之外，动词不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等也可作宾语。有些动词后通常不能接动词-ing形式作宾语，只能接动词不定式作宾语，如agree、ask、decide、hope、promise、plan、refuse、want、prepare、would like等；有些动词不能接动词不定式作宾语，只能接动词-ing形式作宾语，如miss、enjoy、mind、finish等。
May I ask some questions 我可以问一些问题吗？
Children love to play this game. 孩子们喜欢玩这个游戏。
It doesn't matter. I like walking. 没关系。我喜欢散步。
I hope you all have a good time. 我希望你们都玩得开心。
探究点3 主语+系动词+表语（SP）
在“主语+系动词+表语”句型中，“系动词+表语”一起构成复合谓语。可充当表语的有名词、形容词、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式、动词不定式、介词短语或从句等。一般不能用副词作表语，但某些表示地点的副词或与介词同形的副词可以在be后面作表语，如 here、there、over there、back、abroad、outside、below、in、up、down、off、over等。系动词后面通常接形容词作表语。常见的系动词:
（1）表示“……是”:prove、seem、appear、remain
（2）表示“变成”:become、grow、turn、get、go
（3）表示“……起来”:taste、look、sound、feel、smell
Traffic in cities is getting heavier and heavier.城市的交通变得越来越拥挤。
Anyone should be honest to his families, teachers and classmates.任何人都应该对家人、老师和同学诚实。
He seems interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。
The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。
探究点4 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（S V IO DO）
间接宾语通常放在直接宾语之前。当间接宾语是较长的名词时，通常将其放在直接宾语后。若将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后，其前要加介词to或for。用to侧重指动作的方向，表示“朝着；对着”；用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示“为了；替”。
Tom bought me a book.汤姆给我买了一本书。
He handed me a book.他递给我一本书。
Tom bought a book for my little brother.汤姆给我的弟弟买了一本书。
He handed a book to Li Ming，our monitor.他递了一本书给我们的班长李明。
It gives her a sense of duty. 这给了她责任感。
探究点5 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（SVOC）
在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的句型中，宾语补足语对前面的宾语进行补充说明，从而使句子的意思更加完整。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。宾语补足语由名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式充当。有一些动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词不定式要省去to，常见的这类动词有feel、hear、make、have、let、see、watch、notice、observe等，变成被动语态时，to要还原。help后接动词不定式作宾补时，动词不定式符号to可以省略，也可以保留。
They made the girl angry.他们使这个女孩生气了。
They found her happy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。
They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。
I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去。
They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。
I helped her （to） choose a new dictionary. 我帮她选了一本新词典。
探究点6 主语+谓语+状语（SVA）
该句型的谓语动词通常为不及物动词，其后必须带状语，否则结构不完整，意义不明确。副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。
The children stayed in the room.孩子们待在房间里。
He runs slowly in the park every day.他每天在公园里慢跑。
His parents have worked in the company for ten years.他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。
探究点7 主语+谓语+宾语+状语（SVOA）
该句型的谓语动词通常为及物动词，副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。
The man raised his arms above his head.那个人把手臂举过头顶。
The girl enjoys reading in the morning.这个女孩喜欢早上读书。
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.大风把落叶从地面上刮了起来。
Ⅰ.写出下列句中加黑部分充当的句子成分
1.The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital.______
表语
2.To be or not to be is a question.______
主语
3.His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully.____________
宾语补足语
4.The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday.____________
宾语补足语
5.Is he the man who wants to see you？______
定语
6.This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends.______
宾语
7.I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul.______
宾语
8.What you explained just now didn't satisfy me.______
主语
9.We must get together again some day.______
状语
10.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.______
状语
Ⅱ.分析下列句子的句式结构
1.Plants need water.
________________
主语+谓语+宾语
2.The flower is so fresh.
__________________
主语+系动词+表语
3.They are working.
___________
主语+谓语
4.He gives me some seeds.
_____________________________
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.We should keep the classroom clean.
___________________________
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
Ⅲ.判断画线部分的基本句型
Once upon a time，there lived three monks in a small temple. 1.And they never agreed with one another. One autumn night there were thousands of stars in the sky. 2.A monk was sitting on a rock，holding a fishing rod up to catch one of the stars. 3.This surprised the other two monks.“What a fool you are！”said the second monk. “4.How can you catch a star with such a short rod？You had better have a longer one！” 5.He gave the first monk a longer rod.But the first monk failed again. The third monk saw this and made fun of them. Then he climbed onto the roof of the temple and shouted,“Look！6.I'm much nearer to the stars than you.7.And I'll soon catch a star！”
1.______
SVO
2._____
SVA
3.______
SVO
4._______
SVOA
5.____________
S V IO DO
6.____
SP
7.______
SVO
