(共61张PPT)
Unit 2 Exploring English
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
1.通过分析课文，了解英式英语和美式英语之间的差异，培养鉴赏能力。（文化意识，思维品质）
2.能够通过了解英语的特点和与英语相关的奇闻趣事，激发对英语学习的兴趣；能够多渠道获取英语学习资源。（语言能力， 学习能力）
3.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力，培养分析长难句的能力。（语言能力， 学习能力）
4.通过对教材课文的阅读，在课文的具体情境中猜测词义，推测词性，了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.词义匹配
A.adj.令人困惑的
B.n.雕像；雕刻品；雕塑作品
C.adj.看得见的；可见的
D.v.雕刻；雕塑
E.adj.（观点、意见等）相反的；相对立的
F.n. 汽油
G.n. 上下文；语境
H.n. 靴子
I.n. 蛙；青蛙
J.n.一套住房；公寓套房
1.sculpt( )
D
2.sculpture( )
B
3.opposing( )
E
4.confusing( )
A
5.visible( )
C
6.context( )
G
7.frog( )
I
8.boot( )
H
9.apartment( )
J
10.petrol( )
F
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1._________ n.行为；举止→_______ v.表现；举止得体
behavior
behave
2.__________ adj.令人迷惑的→_________ adj.感到困惑的→________ vt.使困惑
confusing
confused
confuse
3._________ n.创造性；创造力→______vt.创造；发明；创作→________ adj.有创造力
的；创造性的
creativity
create
creative
4._______ adj.看得见的；可见的→（反义词）_________ adj.看不见的；不可见的
→_______ n.视野；视力
visible
invisible
vision
5.________ adv.事实上；实际上→______ adj.真实的；实际的
actually
actual
6.________ adj.消极的；负面的→（反义词）________ adj.积极的
negative
positive
构词规律
v.+-ive→adj. adj.+否定前缀-in
create→creative 有创造力的 attract→attractive 有吸引力的 act→active 活跃的；积极的 relate→relative 相关的 visible→invisible看不见的
accurate→inaccurate不准确的
capable→incapable 无能力的
comparable→incomparable无比的
formal→informal 非正式的
1.____________偶然发现
come across
2._____________烧尽；烧毁
burn up/down
3.____________意识到；察觉到
be aware of
4._________给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束
wind up
5._______________期待；盼望
look forward to
6.___________说到；谈及
speaking of
7.____________________________做某事有困难
have trouble （in） doing sth
8.have a frog in one's throat_________________________
（尤因喉咙痛） 说话困难
9.in one's free time__________________
在某人的业余时间
10.fill in/out ____________
填充；填写
11.play safe____________________
谨慎行事；避免冒险
12.to one's astonishment________________
令某人惊讶的是
1.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English
（why引导宾语从句）
翻译你有没有问过自己为什么人们经常在学习英语方面有困难呢
仿写Can you explain_________________________ 你能解释一下为什么这扇窗户破了
吗
why this window is broken
2.Neitheris there pine nor apple in pineapple. （“neither...nor...”句式）
翻译菠萝（pineapple）里既没有松树（pine）也没有苹果（apple）。
仿写Neither Tom____________________today. 今天Tom和Peter都不在家。
nor Peter is at home
3.If“hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing
pair （if引导条件状语从句）
翻译如果hard与soft是反义词，为什么hardly和softly不是一对反义词呢
仿写He will come_________________.如果你邀请他，他就会来。
if you invite him
4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house
can burn up as it burns down， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and
in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off! （ “in+which”引导定语从句）
翻译你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子
“burns down（烧毁）”时它就“burn up（烧光）”了；你通过“filling it out（填写它）”
的方式“fill in a form（填写表格）”；闹钟只有在它goes off （用于机器时表示停止
运转）时才被听到!
仿写He lives in a village_________all the houses have windmills. 他住在一个所有的
房子都有风车的乡村里。
in which
Step 1 先导入，拓展背景知识
Ⅰ.English has become an international language. In what situations is English used？Try to finish the following blanks.
_________________________________________ 1.At an international ________. _________________________________________
2.Teaching or ________ abroad.
________________________________________ 3.________ or listening to English songs. ____________________________________________
4.Surfing the English
_________.
meeting
learning
Singing
websites
Ⅱ.Tell the differences between American English and British English.
Chinese BrE AmE
公寓 flat 1.__________
酒吧 2._____ bar
罐头 tin 3.____
糖果 4.______ candy
电梯 5.____ elevator
比赛 match 6.______
足球 7.________ soccer
apartment
pub
can
sweet
lift
game
football
Step 2 再精读，明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Skim the passage on Pages 14-15 and fill in the blanks.
.&1& .
hamburger
take
homesick
opposing
reflects
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 14-15 quickly and match each part with its main idea.
A.Give some examples to discuss the topic.
B.Conclude the topic of the passage.
C.Introduce to the topic of the passage.
1.Para.1( )
C
2.Paras.2-6( )
A
3.Para.7( )
B
Ⅲ.Read the passage on Pages 14-15 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.How does the author support his/her idea in the passage ( )
C
A.By listing numbers. B.By making comparison.
C.By giving some examples. D.By using some research results.
2.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage ( )
D
A.To explain how English was created.
B.To give advice on how to learn English.
C.To tell us that English is very difficult to learn.
D.To show that English is interesting and creative.
3.What do the two phrases “wind up” mean in the last sentence ( )
C
A.They both mean “turn a handle”.
B.They both mean “finish or stop doing sth”.
C.The first means “turn a handle”，and the second means “finish or stop doing sth”.
D.The first means “finish or stop doing sth”，and the second means “turn a handle”.
Step 3 后结构，分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage on Pages 14-15.
Idea How can English be a crazy language 1.________
Supporting the idea ●There's no egg in eggplant, and no 2._____ in hamburger. Neither
is there pine 3.____ apple in pineapple.
●We sculpt a sculpture and paint a 4.________, but we take a
photo.
●We can get seasick at sea, 5._______ in the air and carsick in a
car, but we don't get 6._________ when we get back home.
●“Hard” is the opposite of “soft”.“Hardly” and “softly” are not a
（n） 7._________ pair. Shameless and shameful 8._________ are
the same.
to learn
ham
nor
painting
airsick
homesick
opposing
behaviors
Supporting the idea ●When we see rain or snow, we can say “it's raining” or “it's
snowing”. But when we see sunshine, we can't say “it's sunshining”.
●We don't read the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report as the
“who” in “Who's that ”
●Burn up=burn 9.______
Fill in=fill out
●When the stars are out, they are visible. But when the lights are
out, they are 10._________.
●When I wind up my watch, it starts. But when I wind up this
passage, it ends.
down
invisible
续表
Ⅱ.Discussion.
1.Why do people often have trouble learning English
___________________________________________________________________________
______
Because many words have puzzling meanings， which makes it a crazy language to learn.
2.Why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
___________________________________________________
Because shameless and shameful have the same meaning.
3.When you come across confusing words and phrases， what do you often do
____
略
Ⅲ.长难句分析
I hadn't， until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a
hamburger.
善分析本句是（1）______句。主句是I hadn't，从句中until引导（2）__________从句，
whether引导宾语从句，作动词（3）____的宾语。
会翻译（4）________________________________________________________________
________________
复合
时间状语
ask
我没有， 直到有一天， 我五岁的儿子问我汉堡包（hamburger）里是否有火腿（ham）。
核心单词
知识点1 behavior n.行为；举止；表现方式 ＊behave v. 表现；表现得体；有礼貌 ＊well-behaved adj.规规矩矩的；表现好的 ＊badly-behaved adj.表现差的
（P15）If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same 如果harmless actions与harmful actions是反义词,为什么 shameless behaviors和shameful behaviors却意思相同呢
知识拓展
good/bad behavior 好/坏行为
behave well/badly 举止得当/不得当
behave oneself 守规矩；行为检点
图解释义
Saying “Hello” to the teacher is a kind of good behavior. 向老师问好是一种好的行为。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）My cousin Jim didn't behave ________（he） at the party and thus left a bad
impression on the guests.
himself
（2）As a teacher,you shouldn't look down upon those students who behave______
（bad） in school. What you should do is to help and love them.
badly
（3）People's _________（behave） often reflects their personal qualities.
behavior
Ⅱ.语境填空
（4）Alice is pleased with her child's ______________ because he is ____________
at school. He ________ like a man.爱丽丝对她的孩子的良好行为感到满意，因为他
在学校表现良好。他表现得像一个男子汉。
good behavior
well-behaved
behaves
知识点2 confusing adj.令人困惑的；难以理解的 ＊confuse v.使糊涂；使迷惑；（将……）混淆 ＊confused adj.困惑的 ＊confusion n.混乱；困惑
（P15）Even the smallest words can be confusing.即使最短的词也可能让人感到困惑。
知识拓展
confuse...with/and... 把……和……混淆
be confused about sth 对某事迷惑不解
in confusion 困惑地；乱七八糟；混乱地
经典佳句
From his confused look, I know he is confused about the confusing question. 从他疑惑的表情中, 我知道他对这个难懂的问题感到困惑不解。
名师点拨
-ing形式的形容词表示事物的性质或特征，意为“……的；令人……的”；-ed形式的形容词往往表示人所处的状态，常用来描述人，意为“感到……的”。另外，修饰face、look、expression、voice等时，常用-ed形式的形容词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）You should not confuse your career_________ your life.
with/and
（2）I am still a bit confused ______what happened.
about
（3）His explanation was not clear at all so that we all felt _________（confuse）
about it.
confused
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·杭州高级中学月考）At first， I thought I understood what my teacher
said，but the more he explained，__________________________.
起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就变得越迷惑。
the more confused I became
知识点3 alarm n.警报器；闹钟；惊恐 vt.使害怕；使惊恐 ＊alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的；引起恐慌的 ＊alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的；有警报装置的
（P15）You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!
你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子“burns down（烧毁）”时它就“burn up（烧光）”了；你通过“filling it out（填写它）”的方式“fill in a form（填写表格）”；闹钟只有在它goes off（用于机器时表示停止运转）时才被听到!
知识拓展
raise/sound/set off the alarm 发出警报；报警
in alarm 惊恐地
be alarmed at/by... 对……感到忧虑或害怕
at an alarming rate 以惊人的速度
经典佳句
I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night.
那天夜里他没有回家，我感到越来越恐慌。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）They should not be too alarmed ______ the press reports.
at/by
（2）The rainforests are disappearing at an _________ （alarm） rate.
alarming
知识点4 reflect vt.反映；反射（声、光、热等）；显示；表达；沉思 ＊reflection n. 映像；反射
（P15）English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是由人而不是电脑创造的，并且它反映了人类的创造力。
知识拓展
reflect on/upon sth 认真思考；沉思
on/upon reflection 经再三思考
图解释义
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Spare some time to reflect ________ your future plans.
on/upon
（2）On _________ （reflect）, she decided to accept his offer after all.
reflection
Ⅱ.语境填空
（3）The light _____________ from the water into my eyes. White clouds
______________ in the lake. Sitting by the lake，I ________________ what my mom
said. _____________ ，I decided to accept her suggestion. 光从水中反射进我的眼睛，
白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边， 我正在考虑妈妈的话。再三思考后， 我决定接受她的
建议。
was reflected
were reflected
was reflecting on
On reflection
知识点5 creativity n.创造性；创造力 ＊create vt.创造；创作；造成 ＊creation n.创造；创作；创作物 ＊creative adj.创造（性）的
（P15）English was invented by people， not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是由人而不是电脑创造的，并且它反映了人类的创造力。
经典佳句
The company's staff are full of creativity and never satisfied.这家公司的员工充满创意，从不满足。
易混辨析
create 有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事
物
invent 通过想象、研究、劳动而创造出前所未有的东西，尤指科技上的发明创造
discover 发现了原来存在，但尚未被人发现或认知的事物
融会应用 用create的适当形式填空
（1）He was without doubt the _______ of the Roman Empire.
creator
（2）Do you have any ideas You're the most ________ one.
creative
（3）There is no software development without _________ .
creativity
短语句式
知识点6 burn up 烧尽；烧光；消耗；耗费
（P15） You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down ...你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中，当一座房子“burn down（烧毁）”时它就“burn up（烧光）”了……
知识拓展
burn to the ground 全部焚烧；彻底焚毁
burn away （使）烧掉；烧光
burn down （被）焚毁；（火势）减弱
burn off 烧除
burn out 烧光；烧尽；熄灭
经典佳句
The plane circled the airport to burn up excess fuel.飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。
融会应用 用burn的相关短语完成句子
（1）Half the candle had been ___________.蜡烛已烧掉了一半。
burnt away
（2）The room grew colder and colder as the fire___________.随着炉火渐渐减弱,屋
子变得越来越冷了。
burnt down
（3）Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you _______________ the
fat.有氧运动加速心脏跳动，帮助你消耗脂肪。
（to） burn up
知识点7 wind up 给（机械）上发条；摇上（车窗等）；使（活动、会议等）结束
（P15）And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.那也是为什么当我给手表“wind up （上紧）发条”时，它开始走，但是当我“wind up （结束）”这篇文章时，它就到结尾了。
知识拓展
wind one's way 蜿蜒前进
wind down 放松一下；逐步结束
wind up doing 最终做；最终落得
图解释义
He is winding up the clock.他正在给时钟上发条。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I find it difficult to wind ______ after a day at work.
down
（2）I wound up ______ （do） the job just to keep my customers happy.
doing
（3）After he got into the car,he started winding the window____ .
up
知识点8 have trouble（in）doing sth 做某事有困难
（P14）Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English 你有没有问过自己为什么人们经常在学习英语方面有困难呢
知识拓展
其他表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构:
have difficulty/trouble with sth
have difficulty/problem （in） doing sth
there's difficulty/trouble with sth
there's difficulty/trouble in doing sth
经典佳句
I am having some trouble getting along with my classmates at the moment.目前，我和同学们相处有些困难。
名师点拨
该结构中trouble可用some、any、no、little等词来修饰。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）I never have trouble in ________（sleep） in a strange place.
sleeping
（2）Whenever we have trouble _____our studies, our teachers always help us
patiently.
with
（3）What worries me is that I am really having trouble __________（collect）
useful information.
collecting
知识点9 neither...nor...
（P14）Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. 菠萝（pineapple）里既没有松树（pine）也没有苹果（apple）。
知识拓展
此处是neither...nor...结构,意思是“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列的成分。
neither...nor...连接两个名词或代词作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。有类似用法的还有either...or...、not only...but also...、not...but...、there be句型等。
Neither his parents nor he likes sports.他父母和他都不喜欢体育。
Either you or he is to blame for it.你或者他必须为此事负责。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Not only the students but also their teacher ___（be） enjoying the film now.
is
（2）It is not I but you who ____（be） the first to run to the goal in the
competition.
are
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（3）I don't like playing computer games and he doesn't either.（用neither...nor...改写）
___________________________________________
Neither I nor he likes playing computer games.
知识点10 if引导条件状语从句
（P15）If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair 如果hard与soft是反义词，为什么hardly和softly不是一对反义词呢？
知识拓展
此处是if 引导的条件状语从句。
在if引导的条件状语从句中,当主句是一般现在时（包括祈使句和含情态动词can、may、must等的句子）或者一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.如果你在早上锻炼,那么你将会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的好处,而不是在你的睡眠中。
If she doesn't come, she will be sorry.如果她不来,她会感到遗憾的。
Have a good rest if you are tired. 如果累了,你就好好休息一下。
We must study hard if we want to pass the final exam.如果想通过期末考试,我们必须努力学习。
融会应用 用if连接下面的句子
（1）You do not understand the article. Ask your teacher.
_________________________________________________
If you do not understand the article, ask your teacher.
（2）It will rain tomorrow. We'll put off the sports meeting.
________________________________________________
If it rains tomorrow, we'll put off the sports meeting.
（3）You can come with us. You want to play games with us.
_____________________________________________________
You can come with us if you want to play games with us.
知识点11 That is why...
（P15）That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.那就是为什么星星“out（出来）”时,它们可以被看到,但是当灯光“out（熄灭）”后,它们不能被看到。
知识拓展
（1）That/This is why... 那/这就是……的原因（why引导表语从句,表示结果）
（2）This/That/It is because...这/那是因为……（because引导表语从句,表示原因）
（3）The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……（why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句,表示原因）
That's why more and more foreigners are interested in learning Chinese.那就是越来越多的外国人对学汉语感兴趣的原因。
Maybe it's because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
融会应用 一句多译
他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。
（1）He fell from a tall tree.___________ he hurt his leg.
That's why
（2）He hurt his leg.______________ he fell from a tall tree.
That's because
（3）_______________ he hurt his leg _________ he fell from a tall tree.
The reason why
was that
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.As it was reported in the local newspaper, the figures _____________（sculpt）
from a big stone.
were sculpted
2.Only those who have no sense of shame can do such __________________（shame）
things.
shameful/shameless
3.The uncertainty created by this situation must be __________（confuse） for you.
confusing
4.Harry has never had a French teacher； he picked____the language by himself
during his work.
up
5.Dolphins use sound _______________（communicate） with each other.
to communicate
Ⅱ.选词填空
burn up； fill in； have trouble （in）； look out of； wind up； neither...nor...；
in sb's free time； speak of
1.She is such a shy girl that sometimes she __________________ communicating with
strangers.
has trouble （in）
2.He's French，so he can _______ speak ____ write Chinese.
neither
nor
3.I like reading and listening to music _______________.
in my free time
4.____________ the bicycle, some people think it is out of date in many big cities.
Speaking of
5.____________ the window! It's snowing.
Look out of
6.Most of the woodland has now been _________.
burnt up
7.Please _______ this form, giving your name, age and address.
fill in
8.If we all agree， let's _________ the discussion.
wind up
Ⅲ.探究活动（选做题）
国外知名词典收录了一些富含中国传统文化的汉语词语，请借助词典，了解这些词语的含义。
1.中国哲学
Confucian ______
Taoism ______
儒家
道教
2.中国风情
cheongsam ______
chinoiserie ______________
dragon boat ______
sampan ______
旗袍
中国艺术风格
龙舟
舢板
3.中国方言
Cantonese __________________
Hakka ________
粤语（或广东话）
客家话
4.中国饮食
chow mein ______
spring roll ______
wonton ______
Chinese cabbage ______
炒面
春卷
馄饨
白菜Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文,了解英式英语和美式英语之间的差异,培养鉴赏能力。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.能够通过了解英语的特点和与英语相关的奇闻趣事,激发对英语学习的兴趣;能够多渠道获取英语学习资源。(语言能力, 学习能力)
3.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力,培养分析长难句的能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
4.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.词义匹配
( )1.sculpt ( )2.sculpture
( )3.opposing ( )4.confusing
( )5.visible ( )6.context
( )7.frog ( )8.boot
( )9.apartment ( )10.petrol
A.adj.令人困惑的
B.n.雕像;雕刻品;雕塑作品
C.adj.看得见的;可见的
D.v.雕刻;雕塑
E.adj.(观点、意见等)相反的;相对立的
F.n. 汽油
G.n. 上下文;语境
H.n. 靴子
I.n. 蛙;青蛙
J.n.一套住房;公寓套房
答案 1~5 DBEAC 6~10 GIHJF
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. n.行为;举止→ v.表现;举止得体
2. adj.令人迷惑的→ adj.感到困惑的→ vt.使困惑
3. n.创造性;创造力→ vt.创造;发明;创作→ adj.有创造力的;创造性的
4. adj.看得见的;可见的→(反义词) adj.看不见的;不可见的→ n.视野;视力
5. adv.事实上;实际上→ adj.真实的;实际的
6. adj.消极的;负面的→(反义词) adj.积极的
答案 1.behavior; behave 2.confusing;confused; confuse 3.creativity; create; creative 4.visible; invisible; vision 5.actually; actual 6.negative; positive
构词规律
v.+-ive→adj. adj.+否定前缀-in
create→creative 有创造力的 attract→attractive 有吸引力的 act→active 活跃的;积极的 relate→relative 相关的 visible→invisible看不见的 accurate→inaccurate不准确的 capable→incapable 无能力的 comparable→incomparable无比的 formal→informal 非正式的
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 偶然发现
2. 烧尽;烧毁
3. 意识到;察觉到
4. 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
5. 期待;盼望
6. 说到;谈及
7. 做某事有困难
8.have a frog in one's throat
9.in one's free time
10.fill in/out
11.play safe
12.to one's astonishment
答案 1.come across 2.burn up/down 3.be aware of 4.wind up 5.look forward to 6.speaking of 7.have trouble (in) doing sth 8.(尤因喉咙痛) 说话困难 9.在某人的业余时间 10.填充;填写 11.谨慎行事;避免冒险 12.令某人惊讶的是
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English (why引导宾语从句)
翻译 你有没有问过自己为什么人们经常在学习英语方面有困难呢
仿写 Can you explain 你能解释一下为什么这扇窗户破了吗
2.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. (“neither...nor...”句式)
翻译 菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。
仿写 Neither Tom today. 今天Tom和Peter都不在家。
3.If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair (if引导条件状语从句)
翻译 如果hard与soft是反义词,为什么hardly和softly不是一对反义词呢
仿写 He will come .如果你邀请他,他就会来。
4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out, and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off! ( “in+which”引导定语从句)
翻译 你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,当一座房子“burns down(烧毁)”时它就“burn up(烧光)”了;你通过“filling it out(填写它)”的方式“fill in a form(填写表格)”;闹钟只有在它goes off (用于机器时表示停止运转)时才被听到!
仿写 He lives in a village all the houses have windmills. 他住在一个所有的房子都有风车的乡村里。
答案 1.why this window is broken 2.nor Peter is at home 3.if you invite him 4.in which
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 先导入,拓展背景知识
Ⅰ.English has become an international language.In what situations is English used Try to finish the following blanks.
1.At an international . 2.Teaching or abroad.
3. or listening to English songs. 4.Surfing the English .
答案 1.meeting 2.learning 3.Singing 4.websites
Ⅱ.Tell the differences between American English and British English.
Chinese BrE AmE
公寓 flat 1.
酒吧 2. bar
罐头 tin 3.
糖果 4. candy
电梯 5. elevator
比赛 match 6.
足球 7. soccer
答案 1.apartment 2.pub 3.can 4.sweet
5.lift 6.game 7.football
Step 2 再精读,明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Skim the passage on Pages 14-15 and fill in the blanks.
答案 1.hamburger 2.take 3.homesick 4.opposing 5.reflects
导学思路 (仅供教师参考)
略读是为了了解大致内容,比如文章的主旨大意、传达的主要信息或作者的基本观点,而进行的快速、粗略的阅读。
大体步骤是:先读文章标题,再读段落的开头和结尾部分,或者文章的第一段和最后一段,这样可以帮助我们快速掌握文章的主旨大意。
采用略读的方法可以帮助我们在迅速通读全文的过程中把握文章主旨、掌握大致结构,进而提炼段落内部层次,快速找到关键信息的对应位置,提炼出回答问题所需的信息。
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 14-15 quickly and match each part with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Paras.2-6
( )3.Para.7
A.Give some examples to discuss the topic.
B.Conclude the topic of the passage.
C.Introduce to the topic of the passage.
答案 1~3 CAB
Ⅲ.Read the passage on Pages 14-15 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.How does the author support his/her idea in the passage
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making comparison.
C.By giving some examples.
D.By using some research results.
2.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A.To explain how English was created.
B.To give advice on how to learn English.
C.To tell us that English is very difficult to learn.
D.To show that English is interesting and creative.
3.What do the two phrases “wind up” mean in the last sentence
A.They both mean “turn a handle”.
B.They both mean “finish or stop doing sth”.
C.The first means “turn a handle”,and the second means “finish or stop doing sth”.
D.The first means “finish or stop doing sth”,and the second means “turn a handle”.
答案 1~3 CDC
Step 3 后结构,分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage on Pages 14-15.
Idea How can English be a crazy language 1.
Supporting the idea ●There's no egg in eggplant, and no 2. in hamburger. Neither is there pine 3. apple in pineapple. ●We sculpt a sculpture and paint a 4. , but we take a photo. ●We can get seasick at sea, 5. in the air and carsick in a car, but we don't get 6. when we get back home. ●“Hard” is the opposite of “soft”.“Hardly” and “softly” are not a(n) 7. pair. Shameless and shameful 8. are the same. ●When we see rain or snow, we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing”. But when we see sunshine, we can't say “it's sunshining”. ●We don't read the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report as the “who” in “Who's that ” ●Burn up=burn 9. Fill in=fill out ●When the stars are out, they are visible. But when the lights are out, they are 10. . ●When I wind up my watch, it starts. But when I wind up this passage, it ends.
答案 1.to learn 2.ham 3.nor 4.painting 5.airsick 6.homesick 7.opposing 8.behaviors
9.down 10.invisible
Ⅱ.Discussion.
1.Why do people often have trouble learning English
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.Why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.When you come across confusing words and phrases, what do you often do
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.Because many words have puzzling meanings, which makes it a crazy language to learn.
2.Because shameless and shameful have the same meaning.
3.略
Ⅲ.长难句分析
I hadn't, until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
善分析 本句是(1) 句。主句是I hadn't,从句中until引导(2) 从句, whether引导宾语从句,作动词(3) 的宾语。
会翻译 (4)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)复合 (2)时间状语 (3)ask (4)我没有, 直到有一天, 我五岁的儿子问我汉堡包(hamburger)里是否有火腿(ham)。
新知探究
解析教材
Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple
Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English I hadn't,until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.(1) There isn't.This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant either. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.(2) This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.(3)
菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果
你有没有问过自己为什么人们经常在学习英语方面有困难呢 我没有想过这个问题。直到有一天,我五岁的儿子问我汉堡包(hamburger)里是否有火腿(ham)。并没有。这让我意识到茄子(eggplant)里也没有鸡蛋(egg)。菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。这让我陷入思考:为什么英语是一门让人学起来发狂的语言呢
【助读点拨】
(1)整个句子是not...until...句式。I hadn't是I hadn't asked myself的省略形式,until引导时间状语从句。在该时间状语从句中,whether引导的从句作asked的直接宾语,whether在此意为“是否”。
(2)neither...nor...是并列连词,意为“既不……也不……”;此处否定词neither 位于句首,故句子用倒装结构。
(3)how引导的从句作thinking的宾语。句中got me thinking是“get+宾语+宾补”的结构,此处thinking是动词-ing形式作宾补。
For example,in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting,but we take a photo.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi,but on the train or bus!While we're doing all this traveling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we don't get homesick when we get back home.(4) And speaking of home,why aren't homework and housework the same thing
例如,在我们的空闲时间,我们可以雕刻一个雕塑(sculpt a sculpture)和画一幅画(paint a painting),但我们拍一张照片(take a photo)。当我们旅行时,我们说我们坐在汽车里或出租车里(in),却说坐在火车或公共汽车上(on)!同样,我们会在海上晕船(seasick),在空中晕机(airsick),在车里晕车(carsick),但是当我们回到家时,我们并不想家(homesick)。说到家,为什么家庭作业(homework)和家务(housework)不是一回事
【助读点拨】
(4)本句为并列连词but引导的并列复合句。第一个分句中,while引导时间状语从句;第二个分句中,when引导时间状语从句。
If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
When we look out of the window and see rain or snow,we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing”.But when we see sunshine,we can't say “it's sunshining”.
Even the smallest words can be confusing.When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report,do you read it as the “who” in “Who's that ”(5) What about “IT” and “US”
如果hard与soft是反义词,为什么hardly和softly不是一对反义词呢 如果harmless actions与harmful actions是反义词,为什么shameless behaviors和shameful behaviors却意思相同呢
当我们向窗外看去,看到雨或雪时,我们可以说“正在下雨”或“正在下雪”,但我们看到阳光时,我们不能说“正在下阳光”。
即使最短的词也可能让人感到困惑。在医学报告中看到大写的“WHO”时,你会将它读为“Who's that ”中的“who”吗 那么 “IT” 和 “US”呢
【助读点拨】
(5)句中when引导时间状语从句。此处capitalized是动词-ed形式在从句中作定语,修饰WHO。
You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out,and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!(6)
你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,当一座房子“burns down(烧毁)”时它就“burn up(烧光)”了;你通过“filling it out(填写它)”的方式“fill in a form(填写表格)”;闹钟只有在它goes off(用于机器时表示停止运转)时才被听到!
【助读点拨】
(6)三个“in+which”引导的定语从句修饰先行词a language。在第一个定语从句中,as引导时间状语从句;第三个定语从句中,once引导条件状语从句。
English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.(7)And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.
英语是由人而不是电脑创造的,并且它反映了人类的创造力。那就是为什么星星“out(出来)”时,它们可以被看到,但是当灯“out(熄灭)”后,它们不能被看到。那也是为什么当我给手表“wind up (上紧发条)”时,它开始走,但是当我“wind up (结束)”这篇文章时,它就到结尾了。
【助读点拨】
(7)That is why...意为“那就是……的原因”,为固定句型。此句型中why引导的是表语从句。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 behavior n.行为;举止;表现方式 *behave v. 表现;表现得体;有礼貌 *well-behaved adj.规规矩矩的;表现好的 *badly-behaved adj.表现差的
(P15)If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same 如果harmless actions与harmful actions是反义词,为什么 shameless behaviors和shameful behaviors却意思相同呢
知识拓展
good/bad behavior 好/坏行为
behave well/badly 举止得当/不得当
behave oneself 守规矩;行为检点
图解释义
Saying “Hello” to the teacher is a kind of good behavior. 向老师问好是一种好的行为。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)My cousin Jim didn't behave (he) at the party and thus left a bad impression on the guests.
(2)As a teacher,you shouldn't look down upon those students who behave (bad) in school.What you should do is to help and love them.
(3) People's (behave) often reflects their personal qualities.
Ⅱ.语境填空
(4)Alice is pleased with her child's because he is at school. He like a man.
爱丽丝对她的孩子的良好行为感到满意,因为他在学校表现良好。他表现得像一个男子汉。
答案 (1)himself (2)badly (3)behavior (4)good behavior;well-behaved;behaves
知识点2 confusing adj.令人困惑的;难以理解的 *confuse v. 使糊涂;使迷惑;(将……)混淆 *confused adj.困惑的 *confusion n.混乱;困惑
(P15)Even the smallest words can be confusing.即使最短的词也可能让人感到困惑。
知识拓展
confuse...with/and... 把……和……混淆
be confused about sth 对某事迷惑不解
in confusion 困惑地;乱七八糟;混乱地
经典佳句
From his confused look, I know he is confused about the confusing question. 从他疑惑的表情中, 我知道他对这个难懂的问题感到困惑不解。
名师点拨
-ing形式的形容词表示事物的性质或特征,意为“……的;令人……的”;-ed形式的形容词往往表示人所处的状态,常用来描述人,意为“感到……的”。另外,修饰face、look、expression、voice等时,常用-ed形式的形容词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)You should not confuse your career your life.
(2)I am still a bit confused what happened.
(3)His explanation was not clear at all so that we all felt (confuse) about it.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·杭州高级中学月考)At first, I thought I understood what my teacher said,but the more he explained, .
起初我以为我明白了老师所说的,但是他越解释我就变得越迷惑。
答案 (1)with/and (2)about (3)confused
(4)the more confused I became
知识点3 alarm n. 警报器;闹钟;惊恐 vt. 使害怕;使惊恐 *alarming adj.使人惊恐的;令人惊慌的;引起恐慌的 *alarmed adj. 担心的;害怕的;有警报装置的
(P15)You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out,and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!
你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,当一座房子“burns down(烧毁)”时它就“burn up(烧光)”了;你通过“filling it out(填写它)”的方式“fill in a form(填写表格)”;闹钟只有在它goes off(用于机器时表示停止运转)时才被听到!
知识拓展
raise/sound/set off the alarm 发出警报;报警
in alarm 惊恐地
be alarmed at/by... 对……感到忧虑或害怕
at an alarming rate 以惊人的速度
经典佳句
I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night.
那天夜里他没有回家,我感到越来越恐慌。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)They should not be too alarmed the press reports.
(2)The rainforests are disappearing at an (alarm) rate.
答案 (1)at/by (2)alarming
知识点4 reflect vt.反映;反射(声、光、热等);显示;表达;沉思 *reflection n. 映像;反射
(P15)English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是由人而不是电脑创造的,并且它反映了人类的创造力。
知识拓展
reflect on/upon sth 认真思考;沉思
on/upon reflection 经再三思考
图解释义
映射;反射 沉思
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Spare some time to reflect your future plans.
(2)On (reflect), she decided to accept his offer after all.
Ⅱ.语境填空
(3)The light from the water into my eyes. White clouds in the lake.Sitting by the lake,I what my mom said. ,I decided to accept her suggestion. 光从水中反射进我的眼睛, 白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边, 我正在考虑妈妈的话。再三思考后, 我决定接受她的建议。
答案 (1)on/upon (2)reflection (3)was reflected;were reflected;was reflecting on;On reflection
知识点5 creativity n. 创造性;创造力 *create vt. 创造;创作;造成 *creation n. 创造;创作;创作物 *creative adj.创造(性)的
(P15)English was invented by people, not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.英语是由人而不是电脑创造的,并且它反映了人类的创造力。
经典佳句
The company's staff are full of creativity and never satisfied.这家公司的员工充满创意,从不满足。
易混辨析
create 有目的地把原材料制成新产品,也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物
invent 通过想象、研究、劳动而创造出前所未有的东西,尤指科技上的发明创造
discover 发现了原来存在,但尚未被人发现或认知的事物
融会应用
用create的适当形式填空
(1)He was without doubt the of the Roman Empire.
(2)Do you have any ideas You're the most one.
(3)There is no software development without .
答案 (1)creator (2)creative (3)creativity
短 语 句 式
知识点6 burn up 烧尽;烧光;消耗;耗费
(P15) You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down ...你也一定对英语这门语言独特的疯狂感到诧异。在这门语言中,当一座房子“burn down(烧毁)”时它就“burn up(烧光)”了……
知识拓展
burn to the ground 全部焚烧;彻底焚毁
burn away (使)烧掉;烧光
burn down (被)焚毁;(火势)减弱
burn off 烧除
burn out 烧光;烧尽;熄灭
经典佳句
The plane circled the airport to burn up excess fuel.飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。
融会应用
用burn的相关短语完成句子
(1)Half the candle had been .蜡烛已烧掉了一半。
(2)The room grew colder and colder as the fire .随着炉火渐渐减弱,屋子变得越来越冷了。
(3)Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you the fat.有氧运动加速心脏跳动,帮助你消耗脂肪。
答案 (1)burnt away (2)burnt down (3)(to) burn up
知识点7 wind up 给(机械)上发条;摇上(车窗等);使(活动、会议等)结束
(P15)And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.那也是为什么当我给手表“wind up (上紧)发条”时,它开始走,但是当我“wind up (结束)”这篇文章时,它就到结尾了。
知识拓展
wind one's way 蜿蜒前进
wind down 放松一下;逐步结束
wind up doing 最终做;最终落得
图解释义
He is winding up the clock.他正在给时钟上发条。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I find it difficult to wind after a day at work.
(2)I wound up (do) the job just to keep my customers happy.
(3)After he got into the car,he started winding the window .
答案 (1)down (2)doing (3)up
知识点8 have trouble(in)doing sth做某事有困难
(P14)Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English 你有没有问过自己为什么人们经常在学习英语方面有困难呢
知识拓展
其他表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构:
have difficulty/trouble with sth
have difficulty/problem (in) doing sth
there's difficulty/trouble with sth
there's difficulty/trouble in doing sth
经典佳句
I am having some trouble getting along with my classmates at the moment.目前,我和同学们相处有些困难。
名师点拨
该结构中trouble可用some、any、no、little等词来修饰。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)I never have trouble in (sleep) in a strange place.
(2)Whenever we have trouble our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.
(3)What worries me is that I am really having trouble (collect) useful information.
答案 (1)sleeping (2)with (3)collecting
知识点9 neither...nor...
(P14)Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. 菠萝(pineapple)里既没有松树(pine)也没有苹果(apple)。
知识拓展
此处是neither...nor...结构,意思是“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列的成分。
neither...nor...连接两个名词或代词作主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致,即“就近原则”。有类似用法的还有either...or...、not only...but also...、not...but...、there be句型等。
Neither his parents nor he likes sports.他父母和他都不喜欢体育。
Either you or he is to blame for it.你或者他必须为此事负责。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying the film now.
(2)It is not I but you who (be) the first to run to the goal in the competition.
Ⅱ.同义句改写
(3)I don't like playing computer games and he doesn't either.(用neither...nor...改写)
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答案 (1)is (2)are (3)Neither I nor he likes playing computer games.
知识点10 if引导条件状语从句
(P15)If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair 如果hard与soft是反义词,为什么hardly和softly不是一对反义词呢
知识拓展
此处是if 引导的条件状语从句。
在if引导的条件状语从句中,当主句是一般现在时(包括祈使句和含情态动词can、may、must等的句子)或者一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.如果你在早上锻炼,那么你将会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的好处,而不是在你的睡眠中。
If she doesn't come, she will be sorry.如果她不来,她会感到遗憾的。
Have a good rest if you are tired. 如果累了,你就好好休息一下。
We must study hard if we want to pass the final exam.如果想通过期末考试,我们必须努力学习。
融会应用
用if连接下面的句子
(1)You do not understand the article.Ask your teacher.
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(2)It will rain tomorrow.We'll put off the sports meeting.
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(3)You can come with us. You want to play games with us.
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答案 (1)If you do not understand the article, ask your teacher. (2)If it rains tomorrow, we'll put off the sports meeting. (3)You can come with us if you want to play games with us.
知识点11 That is why...
(P15)That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.那就是为什么星星“out(出来)”时,它们可以被看到,但是当灯光“out(熄灭)”后,它们不能被看到。
知识拓展
(1)That/This is why... 那/这就是……的原因(why引导表语从句,表示结果)
(2)This/That/It is because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句,表示原因)
(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语;that引导表语从句,表示原因)
That's why more and more foreigners are interested in learning Chinese.那就是越来越多的外国人对学汉语感兴趣的原因。
Maybe it's because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
融会应用
一句多译
他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。
(1)He fell from a tall tree. he hurt his leg.
(2)He hurt his leg. he fell from a tall tree.
(3) he hurt his leg he fell from a tall tree.
答案 (1)That's why (2)That's because (3)The reason why;was that
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.As it was reported in the local newspaper, the figures (sculpt) from a big stone.
2.Only those who have no sense of shame can do such (shame) things.
3.The uncertainty created by this situation must be (confuse) for you.
4.Harry has never had a French teacher; he picked the language by himself during his work.
5.Dolphins use sound (communicate) with each other.
答案 1.were sculpted 2.shameful/shameless
3.confusing 4.up 5.to communicate
Ⅱ.选词填空
burn up; fill in; have trouble (in); look out of; wind up; neither...nor...; in sb's free time; speak of
1.She is such a shy girl that sometimes she communicating with strangers.
2.He's French,so he can speak write Chinese.
3.I like reading and listening to music .
4. the bicycle, some people think it is out of date in many big cities.
5. the window! It's snowing.
6.Most of the woodland has now been .
7.Please this form, giving your name, age and address.
8.If we all agree, let's the discussion.
答案 1.has trouble (in) 2.neither;nor 3.in my free time 4.Speaking of 5.Look out of 6.burnt up 7.fill in 8.wind up
Ⅲ.探究活动(选做题)
国外知名词典收录了一些富含中国传统文化的汉语词语,请借助词典,了解这些词语的含义。
1.中国哲学
Confucian
Taoism
2.中国风情
cheongsam
chinoiserie
dragon boat
sampan
3.中国方言
Cantonese
Hakka
4.中国饮食
chow mein
spring roll
wonton
Chinese cabbage
答案 1.儒家;道教 2.旗袍;中国艺术风格;龙舟;舢板 3.粤语(或广东话);客家话 4.炒面;春卷;馄饨;白菜
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