Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的;应承担责任的 *responsibility n.责任;义务
(P29) Who's responsible 谁负责呢
知识拓展
be responsible for=be to blame for 对……负责
have (the/a) responsibility to do... 有责任/有义务做……
bear/take the responsibility for 对……负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
经典佳句
You are an adult now and you need to be responsible
for your actions.现在你是成年人了, 你需要对自己的行为负责。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He is free from any sense of (responsible).
(2)As for me, I am so confident that I think I can have the responsibility (be) a volunteer for this event.
答案 (1)responsibility (2)to be
知识点2 aim v.力求达到;旨在;瞄准 n. 目标;目的 *aimless adj.无目的的
(P31)It aims to deepen people's understanding of issues that are related to families. 它力求加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。
知识拓展
aim at doing sth/to do sth 企图/力求做某事
be aimed at (doing) sth 旨在/目的在于
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的
with the aim of... 为了……;目的是……
without aim 无目的地
经典佳句
The event is aimed at broadening our horizons and improving our reading ability.该活动旨在拓宽我们的视野,提升我们的阅读能力。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Then a discussion will be held, (aim) to improve mutual understanding.
(2)She said that her life seemed (aim) after her children left home.
Ⅱ.一句多译
这一措施的目的是减少交通事故。
(3) is to reduce road accidents.(aim n.)
(4)This measure .(aim v.)
(5)This measure .(aim v.)
答案 (1)aiming (2)aimless (3)The aim of this measure (4)aims at reducing road accidents (5)aims to reduce road accidents
知识点3 observe v.庆祝;过(节日、生日等);观察;看到;注意到;遵守 *observation n.观察
(P31)With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local, national and international levels.每年都会有不同的主题,在当地、全国乃至世界各地都组织各种活动来庆祝这一天。
知识拓展
observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事(全过程)
observe sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事
observe sb/sth done 注意到某人/物被……
observe traffic rules 遵守交通规则
经典佳句
The two little kids are observing the goldfish carefully. 两个小孩正在仔细观察那条金鱼。
名师点拨
observe sb do sth结构如果改成被动语态,应补上省略了的to,即sb be observed to do sth。类似用法的词还有watch、see、hear、notice、make、have等。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The police observed him (drive) at 90 miles per hour.
(2)I observed him (put) the watch into his pocket.
答案 (1)driving (2)put
知识点4 range n.一系列;种类;范围v.(在一定范围内)变化;变动;排列
(P31)With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local, national and international levels.每年都会有不同的主题,在当地、全国乃至世界各地都组织各种活动来庆祝这一天。
知识拓展
a wide range of 广泛的
beyond/out of one's range 超出某人的能力范围
within the range of 在……范围之内
range from...to...从……到……之间变动
range between... and...在……和……之间变化
图解释义
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The room rates at this motel range $50 $80 per day.
(2)There are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to children, (range) from biology to computer science.
答案 (1)from; to (2)ranging
短 语 句 式
知识点5 be related to 与……有关
(牛津词典)Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse. 这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。
知识拓展
relate to sth/sb 涉及;谈到;与……相关
relate sth (to sb) 叙述;讲述;讲(故事)
in relation to... 关于……;与……相比
bear no relation to 与……无关
经典佳句
Education levels are strongly related to income.教育程度与收入密切相关。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)—Alice! Give me the newspapers (relate) to the 2023 G20 Summit.
—OK,Mr Green. I will get them for you.
(2)The fee they are offering bears no relation the amount of work involved.
答案 (1)related (2)to
语法探究
复 习 时 态
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.
2.Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
3....you have found the career that suits your talents.
4....you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
我的发现
(1)句1使用了 ,表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态;谓语动词的构成为“ ”。
(2)句2使用了 ,表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作;谓语动词一般用动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词用 。
(3)句3使用了 ,表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并对现在造成了影响或结果;谓语动词的构成为“ ”。
(4)句4使用了 ,表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;谓语动词的形式为“ ”。
答案 (1)现在进行时;am/is/are+doing (2)一般现在时;第三人称单数形式 (3)现在完成时;have/has+done (4)一般过去时;did
探究点1 一般现在时
1.表示现在习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的时间状语usually、often、always、sometimes、every day等词连用。
On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.周一早晨我往往需要驱车一小时去上班。
2.表示客观事实、真理、格言或者俗语等。
Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
3.表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为,只限于go、come、leave、start、stop、arrive 等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.这列火车明早六点出发。
4.在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go to the zoo.如果明天天气好,我们就去动物园。
探究点2 现在进行时
1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,由“be+动词-ing形式”构成,常与now、at the moment等词连用。
What are you doing 你在干什么
2.表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天我要到北京去。
3.与always、constantly等词连用,表示说话人的感彩。
He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。
4.“系动词+介词/副词”也可以表示现在进行时的意义。
The bridge is under construction.桥梁正在建设中。
5.用现在进行时表示渐变过程。
His health is improving each day.他的健康状况每天都在好转。
注意:下列动词通常不用进行时
感觉类,如look、smell、feel、sound、taste、see、hear等。
感情类,如like、love、prefer、admire、hate、fear等。
所有类,如have、contain、own、hold、belong to等。
探究点3 一般过去时
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常用yesterday、last year、in 2015、the other day 等作时间状语。
It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.昨天你提交的作品糟糕至极。
2.在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
He said he would not go if it rained.他说过如果下雨,他就不会去。
3.表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时,know、think、expect等动词常用一般过去时。
I didn't expect to meet you here.我没料到会在这里碰见你。
探究点4 现在完成时
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already、lately、never、just、before、recently等。
So much snow has already melted away.那么多雪已经逐渐融化掉了。
2.表示过去发生且持续到现在,甚至延续到将来的动作或状态,常与since、for、so far、this week(month/year)、for a long time、in the past/last few years、these days等连用。
We have learnt 500 words these days.我们最近已经学习了500个单词。
3.现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。
Please return the book to me when you have finished it.你看完这本书后请还给我。
4.牢记以下固定句型:
(1)It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”。(since引导的从句用一般过去时)
It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.我已经从这所大学毕业十年了。
(2)This/It/That is the first/second/third...time(that)...表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”。(that从句中要用现在完成时)
This is the first time that I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。
探究点5 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时 强调动作发生在过去某一时间,不强调对现在造成的影响或结果;与表示过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间连用
现在完成时 表示发生在过去的动作与现在有关系,主要强调对现在造成的影响或结果;可与this week、since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用
They have gone to Paris so far.他们目前已经到巴黎了。(说明他们现在去巴黎了,不在这里)
They went to Paris last year.他们去年去过巴黎。(只说明去过,不表明是否现在仍在那里)
名师点拨
时态是一种动词形式,不同的时态表示不同的时
间与方式。时态由“时”和“态”构成。“时”有4个主要部分,即现在、过去、将来和过去将来;“态”也有4种,即一般、进行、完成和完成进行。将4个“时”和4个“态”组合在一起,就是时态的种类,共16种。在初高中阶段,一般不需要掌握表格右下角打“×”的六种时态。
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
过去 一般过 去时 过去进 行时 过去完 成时 过去完成 进行时×
现在 一般现 在时 现在进 行时 现在完 成时 现在完成 进行时
将来 一般将 来时 将来进行时 将来完 成时× 将来完成 进行时×
过去 将来 过去将 来时 过去将来 进行时× 过去将来完 成时× 过去将来完成 进行时×
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He told us the moon (move) around the earth.
2.She (be) a dancer for 5 years.
3.It's the first time that she (visit) Shanghai.
4.I (think) you might have money.
5.He (be) 20 years old next year.
6.They (not find) a satisfactory solution by now.
7.This book (sell) well in our province.
8.I will help him if he (have) difficulty with his mathematics.
答案 1.moves 2.has been 3.has visited 4.thought 5.will be 6.haven't found 7.sells
8.has
Ⅱ.语法填空
Tom is very excited today, because his parents 1. (be) back from America.This is the first time that he 2. (be) away from his family for such a long time.They 3. (phone) him yesterday and said, “We 4. (leave) for the airport at four o'clock, because the plane 5. (take) off at six.Are you 6. (come) to the airport to meet us ” “Of course,” he said.Just now he as well as his grandpa 7. (be) going to meet his parents at the airport.They were about 8. (lock) the door when the phone 9. (ring).It was Tom's parents.“We 10. (arrive) home in half an hour.” What a great surprise!
答案 1.will be 2.has been 3.phoned 4.are leaving 5.takes 6.coming 7.was 8.to lock 9.rang 10.will arrive
Ⅲ.根据情境和提示选择合适的选项完成对话
Anna和Peter正在谈论相隔十年的两次北戴河之旅中,Peter家人相貌的变化。
Anna:I heard that you just had a holiday with your families. How about it
Peter:Fantastic! In fact, 1. .
Anna:What a coincidence! Don't you take photos
Peter:Yes, but 2. . Look at the two different photos. This one was just taken this time, and the other was taken ten years ago.
Anna:3. .
Peter:He was quite thin and pale, and he had straight black hair. Nowadays, he's well-built and tanned.
Anna:But your mother almost looks the same.
Peter:4. . How I wish I could have this experience again a few years later.
A.Your father changed quite a bit
B.they were different from those of ten years ago
C.we went camping in Beidaihe and stayed at the same campsite as we did ten years ago
D.Yes, jogging has kept her slim and fit
答案 1~4 CBAD
2(共33张PPT)
Unit 3 Family matters
Section Ⅱ Using language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中理解和掌握一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 responsible adj.（对事故、错误、罪行等）负有责任的；应承担责任的 ＊responsibility n.责任；义务
（P29） Who's responsible 谁负责呢？
知识拓展
be responsible for=be to blame for 对……负责
have （the/a） responsibility to do... 有责任/有义务做……
bear/take the responsibility for 对……负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
经典佳句
You are an adult now and you need to be responsible for your actions.现在你是成年人了, 你需要对自己的行为负责。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He is free from any sense of _____________（responsible）.
responsibility
（2）As for me, I am so confident that I think I can have the responsibility ______
（be） a volunteer for this event.
to be
知识点2 aim v.力求达到；旨在；瞄准 n.目标；目的 ＊aimless adj.无目的的
（P31）It aims to deepen people's understanding of issues that are related to families. 它力求加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。
知识拓展
aim at doing sth/to do sth 企图/力求做某事
be aimed at （doing） sth 旨在/目的在于
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的
with the aim of... 为了……；目的是……
without aim 无目的地
经典佳句
The event is aimed at broadening our horizons and improving our reading ability.该活动旨在拓宽我们的视野，提升我们的阅读能力。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Then a discussion will be held, _______ （aim） to improve mutual
understanding.
aiming
（2）She said that her life seemed ________ （aim） after her children left home.
aimless
Ⅱ.一句多译
这一措施的目的是减少交通事故。
（3）_______________________ is to reduce road accidents.（aim n.）
The aim of this measure
（4）This measure_____________________________.（aim v.）
aims at reducing road accidents
（5）This measure___________________________.（aim v.）
aims to reduce road accidents
知识点3 observe v.庆祝；过（节日、生日等）；观察；看到；注意到；遵守 ＊observation n.观察
（P31）With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local, national and international levels.每年都会有不同的主题，在当地、全国乃至世界各地都组织各种活动来庆祝这一天。
知识拓展
observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事（全过程）
observe sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事
observe sb/sth done 注意到某人/物被……
observe traffic rules 遵守交通规则
经典佳句
The two little kids are observing the goldfish carefully. 两个小孩正在仔细观察那条金鱼。
名师点拨
observe sb do sth结构如果改成被动语态,应补上省略了的to,即sb be observed to do sth。类似用法的词还有watch、see、hear、notice、make、have等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The police observed him _______ （drive） at 90 miles per hour.
driving
（2）I observed him ____ （put） the watch into his pocket.
put
知识点4 range n.一系列；种类；范围 v.（在一定范围内）变化；变动；排列
（P31）With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organised at local, national and international levels.每年都会有不同的主题,在当地、全国乃至世界各地都组织各种活动来庆祝这一天。
知识拓展
a wide range of 广泛的
beyond/out of one's range 超出某人的能力范围
within the range of 在……范围之内
range from...to...从……到……之间变动
range between... and...在……和……之间变化
图解释义
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The room rates at this motel range ______ $50___$80 per day.
from
to
（2）There are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to
children, ________ （range） from biology to computer science.
ranging
短语句式
知识点5 be related to 与……有关
（牛津词典）Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse. 这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。
知识拓展
relate to sth/sb 涉及；谈到；与……相关
relate sth （to sb） 叙述；讲述；讲（故事）
in relation to... 关于……；与……相比
bear no relation to 与……无关
经典佳句
Education levels are strongly related to income.教育程度与收入密切相关。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）—Alice! Give me the newspapers _______ （relate） to the 2023 G20 Summit.
—OK，Mr Green. I will get them for you.
related
（2）The fee they are offering bears no relation ___ the amount of work involved.
to
复习时态
自主探究
阅读下列句子，并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.
2.Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
3....you have found the career that suits your talents.
4....you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
我的发现（1） 句1使用了____________，表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态；谓语动
词的构成为“_______________”。
现在进行时
am/is/are+doing
（2）句2使用了____________，表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作；谓语动词一般用动
词原形；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用__________________。
一般现在时
第三人称单数形式
（3）句3使用了____________，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并对现在造成了影
响或结果；谓语动词的构成为“______________”。
现在完成时
have/has+done
（4）句4使用了____________，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；谓语动词的形
式为“____”。
一般过去时
did
探究点1 一般现在时
1.表示现在习惯性、经常性发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的时间状语usually、often、always、sometimes、every day等词连用。
On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work.周一早晨我往往需要驱车一小时去上班。
2.表示客观事实、真理、格言或者俗语等。
Where there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
3.表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为,只限于go、come、leave、start、stop、arrive 等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.这列火车明早六点出发。
4.在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go to the zoo.如果明天天气好，我们就去动物园。
探究点2 现在进行时
1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，由“be+动词-ing形式”构成，常与now、at the moment等词连用。
What are you doing？你在干什么？
2.表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天我要到北京去。
3.与always、constantly等词连用，表示说话人的感彩。
He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。
4.“系动词+介词/副词”也可以表示现在进行时的意义。
The bridge is under construction.桥梁正在建设中。
5.用现在进行时表示渐变过程。
His health is improving each day.他的健康状况每天都在好转。
注意：下列动词通常不用进行时
感觉类，如look、smell、feel、sound、taste、see、hear等。
感情类，如like、love、prefer、admire、hate、fear等。
所有类，如have、contain、own、hold、belong to等。
探究点3 一般过去时
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday、last year、in 2015、the other day 等作时间状语。
It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.昨天你提交的作品糟糕至极。
2.在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
He said he would not go if it rained.他说过如果下雨，他就不会去。
3.表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时，know、think、expect等动词常用一般过去时。
I didn't expect to meet you here.我没料到会在这里碰见你。
探究点4 现在完成时
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如already、lately、never、just、before、recently等。
So much snow has already melted away.那么多雪已经逐渐融化掉了。
2.表示过去发生且持续到现在，甚至延续到将来的动作或状态，常与since、for、so far、this week（month/year）、for a long time、in the past/last few years、these days等连用。
We have learnt 500 words these days.我们最近已经学习了500个单词。
3.现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。
Please return the book to me when you have finished it.你看完这本书后请还给我。
4.牢记以下固定句型：
（1）It is/has been+时间段+since...表示“自从……以来已经……”。（since引导的从句用一般过去时）
It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.我已经从这所大学毕业十年了。
（2）This/It/That is the first/second/third...time（that）．..表示“这/那是（某人）第几次做某事”。（that从句中要用现在完成时）
This is the first time that I have been here.这是我第一次来这里。
探究点5 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过 去时 强调动作发生在过去某一时间，不强调对现在造成的影响或结果；与表示
过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间连用
现在完 成时 表示发生在过去的动作与现在有关系，主要强调对现在造成的影响或结
果；可与this week、since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用
They have gone to Paris so far.他们目前已经到巴黎了。（说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里）
They went to Paris last year.他们去年去过巴黎。（只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里）
名师点拨
时态是一种动词形式，不同的时态表示不同的时
间与方式。时态由“时”和“态”构成。“时”有4个主要部分，即现在、过去、将来和过去将来；“态”也有4种，即一般、进行、完成和完成进行。将4个“时”和4个“态”组合在一起，就是时态的种类，共16种。在初高中阶段，一般不需要掌握表格右下角打“×”的六种时态。
一般 进行 完成 完成进行
过去 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时
×
现在 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时
将来 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时× 将来完成进行时
×
过去将来 过去将来时 过去将来进行时 × 过去将来完成时 × 过去将来完成进
行时×
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.He told us the moon _______（move） around the earth.
moves
2.She _________（be） a dancer for 5 years.
has been
3.It's the first time that she ___________（visit） Shanghai.
has visited
4.I ________（think） you might have money.
thought
5.He ________（be） 20 years old next year.
will be
6.They _____________（not find） a satisfactory solution by now.
haven't found
7.This book _____（sell） well in our province.
sells
8.I will help him if he ____（have） difficulty with his mathematics.
has
Ⅱ.语法填空
Tom is very excited today, because his parents 1.________（be） back from
America. This is the first time that he 2._________（be） away from his family for
such a long time. They 3.________（phone） him yesterday and said, “We
4.___________（leave） for the airport at four o'clock, because the plane 5.______
（take） off at six. Are you 6.________（come） to the airport to meet us？” “Of
course，” he said. Just now he as well as his grandpa 7._____（be） going to meet
his parents at the airport. They were about 8.________（lock） the door when the
phone 9._____（ring）.It was Tom's parents.“We 10.__________（arrive） home in
half an hour.” What a great surprise!
will be
has been
phoned
are leaving
takes
coming
was
to lock
rang
will arrive
Ⅲ.根据情境和提示选择合适的选项完成对话
Anna和Peter正在谈论相隔十年的两次北戴河之旅中，Peter家人相貌的变化。
Anna:I heard that you just had a holiday with your families. How about it
Peter:Fantastic! In fact, 1.___.
Anna:What a coincidence! Don't you take photos
Peter:Yes, but 2.___. Look at the two different photos. This one was just taken this
time, and the other was taken ten years ago.
Anna:3.___.
C
B
A
Peter:He was quite thin and pale, and he had straight black hair. Nowadays, he's
well-built and tanned.
Anna:But your mother almost looks the same.
Peter:4.___. How I wish I could have this experience again a few years later.
D
A.Your father changed quite a bit
B.they were different from those of ten years ago
C.we went camping in Beidaihe and stayed at the same campsite as we did ten years ago
D.Yes, jogging has kept her slim and fit
