Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
【学习目标】
1.了解课文大意;培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力,思维品质)
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过阅读熟悉读后续写的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。(语言能力,学习能力)
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1 文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
What does the passage on Pages 44-45 mainly tell us
A.People's usual impression of friendship.
B.The friendship between the two former friends.
C.The connection between two friends who live far away.
D.An appointment made twenty years ago was not kept.
答案 B
Step 2 细读课文,明确教材细节
1.Why is the man with a scar on his face outside “Big Joe” Brady's
A.Because he wants to dine with Jimmy Wells.
B.Because he and Jimmy Wells agreed to meet here twenty years ago.
C.Because he is the boss of “Big Joe” Brady's.
D.Because the police officer lets him do so.
2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 1
A.The man with a scar on his face and Jimmy Wells are brothers.
B.They used to dine here at “Big Joe” Brady's.
C.The man with a scar on his face must have made his fortune.
D.He is thirty-eight and Jimmy is forty.
3.What is the author's purpose in writing the story
A.To tell us a short story.
B.To explain what real friendship is.
C.To inform us how to make friends.
D.To introduce where to make a fortune.
答案 1~3 BDA
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 distance n.距离;远方;遥远;冷淡;疏远 vt.与……保持距离;撇清和……的关系 *distant adj. 遥远的;远亲的;冷淡的
(P44)Well,we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time,no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.那天夜里我们约好:不管我们的境况如何,不管我们要从多远的地方赶来,20年后的同一日期、同一时间,我们还在这里见面。
知识拓展
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 有一段距离;从远处
at/from a distance of... 从……远的地方(of后接具体的距离)
keep sb at a distance 同某人疏远;对某人冷淡;与某人保持一定距离
keep one's distance (from...)(与……)保持距离;疏远;避免(与……)亲近
be distant from... 远离……
图解释义
in the distance at/from a distance
在远处 从(稍)远处
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He threw the stone with all his strength and it fell into a pond the distance.
(2)The tower can be seen from distance of 30 miles.
(3)It was very difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone a distance.
(4)She was warned to keep her distance the fierce dog if she didn't want to be bitten.
答案 (1)in (2)a (3)at (4)from
知识点2 appointed adj.约定的;指定的 *appoint vt.安排;确定(时间、地点);任命;委任 * appointment n.任命;约会;约定
(P46)I was at the appointed place on time.我按时到达了约定地点。
知识拓展
appoint sb (as) 任命某人担任
appoint sb to sth 把某人任命到某职位
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
have an appointment with sb 与某人有约定
make an appointment with sb 与某人预约
经典佳句
Tom had made an appointment with the manager a week ago. Tom arrived at the appointed place,while the manager broke the appointment for some reason. Later,Tom was appointed as manager.汤姆一周前和经理约好了见面。汤姆到达了约定地点,而经理因故取消了约定。后来,汤姆被任命为经理。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)She was appointed monitor at the class meeting.
(2)They appointed her (take) care of that old man.
答案 (1)as (2)to take
知识点3 ashamed adj.感到不好意思的;难为情的 *shame n.羞耻;惭愧;遗憾的事
(P47)Was he ashamed of having a friend like me 他是不是为有我这样的一个朋友而感到难为情呢
知识拓展
be ashamed of... 为……感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth 羞于/耻于做某事
be ashamed that... 对……感到羞愧
to one's shame 令某人惭愧的是
It is a shame that... 真遗憾……
经典佳句
I was ashamed that I'd made so little effort.我付出的努力太少,真是惭愧。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I was ashamed I failed in the exam again.
(2)She was ashamed (ask) such a simple question.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) you have missed the nice beginning of the film.你错过了这部电影的精彩开头,真是遗憾。
答案 (1)that (2)to ask (3)It is a shame that
知识点4 strike vt.& vi. (struck,struck/stricken) 划火柴;(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击;打;击中;罢工;敲;想起;(时钟)敲响 n.罢工;罢课;击;打;意外发现
(P46) When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.你划火柴点燃雪茄烟时,我看出,你的脸正是芝加哥警方通缉的那张脸。
知识拓展
sth strikes/struck sb 某人突然想起某事
It suddenly strikes sb that ... 某人突然想到……;某人一下子明白
strike sb+介词+the+身体部位 击打某人身体某处
be struck by ... 被……打动;被……击中;被……撞倒
be on strike 罢工
经典佳句
It strikes me that nobody is really in favour of the changes. 我突然明白没人真正赞成这些变动。
名师点拨
strike可表示“突然想到(想法)”,相当于hit,动词occur也有此意,它们在用法上的区别是:strike和hit后直接跟sb, occur后面跟to sb。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Miller (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
(2) struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls in the team.
(3)It is reported that the workers are strike.
答案 (1)was struck (2)It (3)on
短 语 句 式
知识点5 make one's fortune 发财
(P44)The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. 第二天早晨, 我准备动身去西部发财。
知识拓展
seek one's fortune找出路; 碰运气
try one's fortune 碰运气
be fortunate in doing sth 因做某事感到幸运
be fortunate to do sth 有幸能做某事
经典佳句
He made his fortune in real estate.他在房地产业发了财。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Young people long to in the world.年轻人渴望寻求发财之道。
(2)Sometimes,I also buy some lotteries to ,yet the only prize I have got from them is a pen.有时候, 我也会买一些彩票试试运气, 但我得到的唯一奖品是一支笔。
(3)I such attractive sceneries in your hometown. 我很幸运能在你的家乡欣赏到如此迷人的风景。
答案 (1)seek their fortune (2)try my fortune
(3)was fortunate to enjoy
写作探究
读 后 续 写
本单元的写作任务是读后续写,即为故事写一个结尾,所设计的结尾可以是出乎意料的,也可以是符合常规的。写作中,时态通常用一般过去时。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.find out 找出;查明
2.walk up to 走向;走近
3.shake hands with 与……握手
4.instead of 代替
5.keep calm 保持镇静
6.take sth seriously 认真对待
7.make an apology to sb 向……道歉
8.to be honest 老实说
9.as usual 像往常一样
10.in person 亲自
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.心理活动
(1)dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳起来/跳舞
(2)in cheerful spirits 情绪高涨
(3)be delighted at 对……感到高兴
(4)brighten sb's heart 使某人心情愉快
(5)a strong sense of loss 强烈的失落感
2.对话描写
(1)say...loudly/proudly/gently/abruptly/angrily/bitterly/seriously/firmly/cheerfully大声地/自豪地/温柔地/突然地/生气地/悲痛地/严肃地/坚定地/高兴地说……
(2)explain sth properly适当地解释某事
(3)talk about谈及
(4)mention sth to sb 向某人提及某事
(5)announce that宣布……
3.外貌描写
(1)with a pair of blue eyes on her round face她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛
(2)be of medium size/build中等身材
(3)have her hair tied in a ponytail她梳着马尾辫
(4)in rags衣衫褴褛
(5)a person of+名词 ……样的人
4.性格描写
(1)an easy-going and warm-hearted/straightforward/humorous/sensitive/active/gentle/shy/stubborn girl一个随和又热心肠的/坦率的/幽默的/敏感的/活跃的/文雅的/害羞的/固执的女孩
(2)a person of great determination/will一个拥有坚强意志的人
(3)be strict/patient with 对……要求严格/有耐心
(4)be responsible for 对……负责
5.环境描写
(1)a rainy season 多雨的季节
(2)a stormy night 暴风雨之夜
(3)continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
(4)in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ella had two exams that day—physics and history. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Terry looked at her, and then looked away quickly. Ella thought Terry looked pleased, because she didn't have a problem with physics, she didn't have a problem with anything... Miss Perfect!
“I thought we were friends, but she hasn't spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me go over for the physics exam too, but then she's forgotten all my calls and texts. And when I rang her house, her mum just told me she was busy.”Ella thought angrily. At that moment, Mr Reed asked all the students into the exam room.
Ella couldn't answer some physics questions. Suddenly she saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Ella couldn't believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades She felt really angry at Terry, and thought about telling the teacher, but... “Stop writing,”said Mr Reed and started to collect the exam papers. Oh no, Ella hadn't answered two of the questions. She was going to fail again!
Ella wanted to talk to Terry at lunchtime, but she couldn't find her anywhere. Ella went to the library to prepare for the history exam, which was her favorite. But she couldn't concentrate. “Unfair! Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time.”She thought about telling a teacher, but everyone would hate her if she did that. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed...”
Ella was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon. Mr Reed wanted her to look at Terry and agreed if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.
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Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there.
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分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
(1) v. 解释
(2) 拿起;提起
(3) 凝视;瞪着看
(4) 情不自禁做某事
(5) 参加考试
(6) v. 发生
答案 (1)explain (2)pick up (3)stare at (4)can't help doing sth (5)take the exam (6)happen
2.句子翻译
(1)里德先生悄悄地走到特里身边, 拿起了特里的电话。
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(2)一切都很清楚。
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(3)里德先生让她离开教室。
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(4)考试的时候, 我读了妈妈发来的短信, 想看看进展如何。
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(5)我已经向里德先生解释过了。
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(6)他让我重新参加考试。
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(7)很抱歉我没有告诉你所发生的事。
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(8)艾拉也忍不住哭了起来。
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答案
(1)Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry's phone.
(2)All was clear.
(3)Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.
(4)During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going.
(5)I have explained to Mr Reed.
(6)He asked me to take the exam again.
(7)I'm sorry I didn't tell you what was happening.
(8)Ella couldn't help crying, either.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用with复合结构连接句(2)和句(3)。
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2.用and连接句(5)和句(6)。
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答案
1.With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.
2.I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. Ella nodded to Mr Reed. Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry's phone. With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom. Terry walked out crying. Everyone was staring at her and Ella felt really relaxed.
Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there.“Ella, please wait.” Terry said, “I'm sorry I haven't answered any of your calls, but my dad's been ill for two weeks and had a heart operation today. During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going. I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again. I'm sorry I didn't tell you what was happening.” Ella couldn't help crying, either. “You should have told me this earlier. Let me know if you have difficulties. We are true friends.”
【随堂检测】
主题写作
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a king who had gone to visit neighboring kingdoms. He was gifted a pair of baby parrots by the king of the last kingdom where he was visiting. They were the most beautiful birds he had ever seen. So, upon returning to his kingdom, he called for a bird trainer and asked him to train the parrots.
The king also arranged a place in the palace garden for the parrots. He often looked at them from his palace window. As time passed, one day the trainer came to the palace and informed the king that though one of the parrots was flying high in the sky, the other one was not moving from its branch since the day it had arrived.
Upon hearing this, the king sent for other trainers from the nearby kingdoms. They all tried their best, but couldn't make the parrot fly! He even asked his courtiers to try to find a way to make the parrot fly but they all failed. The parrot was not moving from his branch at all. Finally, after trying everything, the king thought that maybe he needed someone who might be more familiar with natural habitat (栖息地). He asked a courtier to get a farmer from the countryside and take him to the parrot to see if he could find out what was the problem.
注意:1.续写词数应为100左右。
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The next morning, the king was surprised to see the parrot flying high above the palace garden.
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参考范文
The next morning, the king was surprised to see the parrot flying high above the palace garden. Watching the parrot flying freely in the sky, the king couldn't wait to find out what magic the farmer used while all other methods failed. He sent for the farmer, who went to the palace garden immediately. “How did you make the bird fly ” Upon seeing the farmer, the king asked eagerly. With his hands folded before him, the farmer answered with great respect, “Your Majesty! I simply cut the branch where the bird was sitting.”That is it! When there is no branch to sit on, it has no choice but to fly!
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.If you can not use WeChat at the present time, you are at the risk of losing track of your most friends, especially the young ones.如果目前你还不会使用微信,你就有可能与大多数朋友失去联系,尤其是那些年轻的朋友。
2.He who does not advance loses ground. 逆水行舟, 不进则退。
3.A peak has real significance only to people who climb it, not those who look up at it.高峰只对攀登它而不是仰望它的人来说才有真正的意义。
4.The talks proved that communication and dialogue based on mutual respect can help the two sides increase trust and promote mutually beneficial cooperation. 那次会谈证明, 基于相互尊重的沟通和对话, 有助于双方增强信任, 促进互利合作。
5.Every day has its ups and downs, and every man has his misfortunes and fortunes. 天有不测风云, 人有旦夕祸福。
英美文化
美篇导读
地震就像地狱使者,来的时候悄无声息;等你意识到了,一切似乎又显得那么脆弱,但有备无患总是好的。
美篇呈现
Earthquakes
Over one million earthquakes occur every year but most of these are too small to notice.An earthquake can happen on land or under water.A major quake may last for only a minute but in that time it can kill thousands of people and completely destroy towns and villages.
In the early hours of the morning of April 18,1906,people in San Francisco were suddenly thrown to the ground as one of the history's most famous natural disasters struck and the buildings around them collapsed①.The streets were described as② moving like “waves of water”.Building after building was leveled③.The whole of Chinatown was destroyed and only one building was left standing on the top of Nob Hill.The damage caused by the earthquake was estimated④at around 7 million pounds,with the fire damage at 140 million pounds.The quake measured 7.8 on the Richter Scale.
On September 1,1923,three massive⑤ 7.9 magnitude⑥ shocks hit the cities of Tokyo and Yokohama.Only about one percent of Tokyo's buildings were severely damaged by the quake but massive fires broke out and swept across the wood and paper houses in the city.Of the 140,000 people who died in the disaster,the vast majority were victims⑦ of the fire.Over 200,000 buildings were burned down,leaving more than half a million people homeless.
September 1st is now designated⑧ as Disaster Prevention Day in Japan and earthquake drills⑨ are held in preparation for the next inevitable⑩ big quake,during which volunteers are shown how to put out fires and use emergency equipment.
地 震
每年要发生100多万次地震,但其中的大多数都因为太小而未引起注意。地震可能发生在地面上或者发生在水下。一次大地震可能只持续一分钟,但是在这个时间里它可以使成千上万的人丧生,彻底摧毁许多城镇和乡村。
1906年4月18日凌晨,历史上最著名的自然灾害之一突然发生了,旧金山市的居民一下子都被摔倒在地,周围的建筑物也都倒塌了。人们描述说,街道就像“波浪”一样晃动。一栋接一栋的建筑物被夷为平地。整个唐人街都被摧毁了,仅剩下诺布山顶上的一栋建筑。据估计,当时地震造成的损失约为700万英镑,伴随而来的火灾造成的损失是1.4亿英镑。经测量,这次地震为里氏7.8级。
1923年9月1日,东京和横滨两个城市遭受了3次震级为7.9级的强烈地震。东京只有约1%的建筑遭到严重破坏,但是特大火灾发生了,烧毁了这个城市里的木头房子和纸房子。在这次地震中遇难的14万人中,大部分死于火灾。20多万栋建筑被烧毁,造成50多万人无家可归。
现在9月1日被定为日本的防灾日。在这一天日本会组织地震演习,教志愿者如何灭火,如何使用紧急救援器材,为下次不可避免的大地震做准备。
知识积累
①collapse v.倒塌;崩溃;瓦解
②be described as... 被描述为……
③level vt.夷平;推倒
④estimate v.估计;估算
⑤massive adj.大而重的;非常严重的;大量的
⑥magnitude n.震级
⑦victim n.受害者
⑧designate v.把……定为;指定
⑨drill n.训练;演习
⑩inevitable adj.不可避免的
素养链接
由于日本多地震,日本政府于1960年将每年的9月1日定为“防灾日”。从70年代后期以来,日本政府采取了一系列国家规模的全面防震措施。1978年,日本国会通过了《大规模地震对策特别措施法》,正式将“防灾日”写入法律。每年此日,日本动用大量的人力物力在东京和静冈等地举行大规模的防震抗灾综合演习。
2(共52张PPT)
Unit 4 Friends forever
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
1.了解课文大意；培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，思维品质）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点,如单词、短语和句式等的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉读后续写的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
Step 1 文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
What does the passage on Pages 44-45 mainly tell us ( )
B
A.People's usual impression of friendship.
B.The friendship between the two former friends.
C.The connection between two friends who live far away.
D.An appointment made twenty years ago was not kept.
Step 2 细读课文，明确教材细节
1.Why is the man with a scar on his face outside “Big Joe” Brady's ( )
B
A.Because he wants to dine with Jimmy Wells.
B.Because he and Jimmy Wells agreed to meet here twenty years ago.
C.Because he is the boss of “Big Joe” Brady's.
D.Because the police officer lets him do so.
2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 1 ( )
D
A.The man with a scar on his face and Jimmy Wells are brothers.
B.They used to dine here at “Big Joe” Brady's.
C.The man with a scar on his face must have made his fortune.
D.He is thirty-eight and Jimmy is forty.
3.What is the author's purpose in writing the story ( )
A
A.To tell us a short story. B.To explain what real friendship is.
C.To inform us how to make friends. D.To introduce where to make a fortune.
核心单词
知识点1 distance n.距离；远方；遥远；冷淡；疏远 vt.与……保持距离；撇清和……的关系 ＊distant adj.遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的
（P44）Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.那天夜里我们约好：不管我们的境况如何，不管我们要从多远的地方赶来，20年后的同一日期、同一时间，我们还在这里见面。
知识拓展
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 有一段距离；从远处
at/from a distance of... 从……远的地方（of后接具体的距离）
keep sb at a distance 同某人疏远；对某人冷淡；与某人保持一定距离
keep one's distance （from...）（与……）保持距离；疏远；避免（与……）亲近
be distant from... 远离……
图解释义
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 从（稍）远处
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He threw the stone with all his strength and it fell into a pond ___the distance.
in
（2）The tower can be seen from ___ distance of 30 miles.
a
（3）It was very difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone ___a
distance.
at
（4）She was warned to keep her distance ______the fierce dog if she didn't want to
be bitten.
from
知识点2 appointed adj.约定的；指定的 ＊appoint vt.安排；确定（时间、地点）；任命；委任 ＊appointment n.任命；约会；约定
（P46）I was at the appointed place on time.我按时到达了约定地点。
知识拓展
appoint sb （as） 任命某人担任
appoint sb to sth 把某人任命到某职位
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
have an appointment with sb 与某人有约定
make an appointment with sb 与某人预约
经典佳句
Tom had made an appointment with the manager a week ago. Tom arrived at the appointed place，while the manager broke the appointment for some reason. Later，Tom was appointed as manager.汤姆一周前和经理约好了见面。汤姆到达了约定地点，而经理因故取消了约定。后来，汤姆被任命为经理。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She was appointed ___monitor at the class meeting.
as
（2）They appointed her ________（take） care of that old man.
to take
知识点3 ashamed adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的 ＊shame n.羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
（P47）Was he ashamed of having a friend like me 他是不是为有我这样的一个朋友而感到难为情呢？
知识拓展
be ashamed of... 为……感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth 羞于/耻于做某事
be ashamed that... 对……感到羞愧
to one's shame 令某人惭愧的是
It is a shame that... 真遗憾……
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I was ashamed _____ I failed in the exam again.
that
（2）She was ashamed _______ （ask） such a simple question.
to ask
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）_________________ you have missed the nice beginning of the film.你错过了这
部电影的精彩开头，真是遗憾。
It is a shame that
经典佳句
I was ashamed that I'd made so little effort.我付出的努力太少，真是惭愧。
知识点4 strike vt.&vi.（struck，struck/stricken）划火柴；（雷电、暴风雨等）袭击；打；击中；罢工；敲；想起；（时钟）敲响 n.罢工；罢课；击；打；意外发现
（P46） When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.你划火柴点燃雪茄烟时,我看出,你的脸正是芝加哥警方通缉的那张脸。
知识拓展
sth strikes/struck sb 某人突然想起某事
It suddenly strikes sb that ... 某人突然想到……；某人一下子明白
strike sb+介词+the+身体部位 击打某人身体某处
be struck by ... 被……打动；被……击中；被……撞倒
be on strike 罢工
经典佳句
It strikes me that nobody is really in favour of the changes. 我突然明白没人真正赞成这些变动。
名师点拨
strike可表示“突然想到（想法）”，相当于hit，动词occur也有此意，它们在用法上的区别是：strike和hit后直接跟sb， occur后面跟to sb。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Miller ___________ （strike） by a car and lost his right arm.
was struck
（2）___ struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment
for all the girls in the team.
It
（3）It is reported that the workers are____strike.
on
短语句式
知识点5 make one's fortune 发财
（P44）The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. 第二天早晨, 我准备动身去西部发财。
知识拓展
seek one's fortune找出路； 碰运气
try one's fortune 碰运气
be fortunate in doing sth 因做某事感到幸运
be fortunate to do sth 有幸能做某事
经典佳句
He made his fortune in real estate.他在房地产业发了财。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Young people long to _________________ in the world.年轻人渴望寻求发财之
道。
seek their fortune
（2）Sometimes,I also buy some lotteries to ______________,yet the only prize I
have got from them is a pen.有时候, 我也会买一些彩票试试运气, 但我得到的唯一奖
品是一支笔。
try my fortune
（3）I_____________________such attractive sceneries in your hometown. 我很幸运能
在你的家乡欣赏到如此迷人的风景。
was fortunate to enjoy
读后续写
本单元的写作任务是读后续写，即为故事写一个结尾，所设计的结尾可以是出乎意料的，也可以是符合常规的。写作中，时态通常用一般过去时。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用词汇
1.find out 找出；查明
2.walk up to 走向；走近
3.shake hands with 与……握手
4.instead of 代替
5.keep calm 保持镇静
6.take sth seriously 认真对待
7.make an apology to sb 向……道歉
8.to be honest 老实说
9.as usual 像往常一样
10.in person 亲自
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.心理活动
（1）dance/jump for joy 高兴地跳起来/跳舞
（2）in cheerful spirits 情绪高涨
（3）be delighted at 对……感到高兴
（4）brighten sb's heart 使某人心情愉快
（5）a strong sense of loss 强烈的失落感
2.对话描写
（1）say...loudly/proudly/gently/abruptly/angrily/bitterly/seriously/firmly/cheerfully大声地/自豪地/温柔地/突然地/生气地/悲痛地/严肃地/坚定地/高兴地说……
（2）explain sth properly适当地解释某事
（3）talk about谈及
（4）mention sth to sb 向某人提及某事
（5）announce that宣布……
3.外貌描写
（1）with a pair of blue eyes on her round face她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛
（2）be of medium size/build中等身材
（3）have her hair tied in a ponytail她梳着马尾辫
（4）in rags衣衫褴褛
（5）a person of+名词 ……样的人
4.性格描写
（1）an easy-going and warm-hearted/straightforward/humorous/sensitive/active/gentle/shy/stubborn girl一个随和又热心肠的/坦率的/幽默的/敏感的/活跃的/文雅的/害羞的/固执的女孩
（2）a person of great determination/will一个拥有坚强意志的人
（3）be strict/patient with 对……要求严格/有耐心
（4）be responsible for 对……负责
5.环境描写
（1）a rainy season 多雨的季节
（2）a stormy night 暴风雨之夜
（3）continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
（4）in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ella had two exams that day—physics and history. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Terry looked at her, and then looked away quickly. Ella thought Terry looked pleased, because she didn't have a problem with physics, she didn't have a problem with anything... Miss Perfect!
“I thought we were friends, but she hasn't spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me go over for the physics exam too, but then she's forgotten
all my calls and texts. And when I rang her house, her mum just told me she was busy.”Ella thought angrily. At that moment, Mr Reed asked all the students into the exam room.
Ella couldn't answer some physics questions. Suddenly she saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Ella couldn't believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades She felt really angry at Terry, and thought about telling the teacher, but... “Stop writing,”said Mr Reed and started to collect the exam papers. Oh no, Ella hadn't answered two of the questions. She was going to fail again!
Ella wanted to talk to Terry at lunchtime, but she couldn't find her anywhere. Ella went to the library to prepare for the history exam, which was her favorite. But she couldn't concentrate. “Unfair! Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time.”She thought about telling a teacher, but everyone would hate her if she did that. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed...”
Ella was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon. Mr Reed wanted her to look at Terry and agreed if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.____
Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there.____
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
（1）________v. 解释
explain
（2）________拿起；提起
pick up
（3）________凝视；瞪着看
stare at
（4）___________________情不自禁做某事
can't help doing sth
（5）______________参加考试
take the exam
（6）_______v. 发生
happen
2.句子翻译
（1）里德先生悄悄地走到特里身边, 拿起了特里的电话。
_______________________________________________________
Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry's phone.
（2）一切都很清楚。
______________
All was clear.
（3）里德先生让她离开教室。
_______________________________________
Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.
（4）考试的时候, 我读了妈妈发来的短信, 想看看进展如何。
___________________________________________________________________
During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going.
（5）我已经向里德先生解释过了。
____________________________
I have explained to Mr Reed.
（6）他让我重新参加考试。
__________________________________
He asked me to take the exam again.
（7）很抱歉我没有告诉你所发生的事。
___________________________________________
I'm sorry I didn't tell you what was happening.
（8）艾拉也忍不住哭了起来。
_____________________________
Ella couldn't help crying, either.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用with复合结构连接句（2）和句（3）。
____________________________________________________
With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.
2.用and连接句（5）和句（6）。
________________________________________________________________
I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. Ella nodded to Mr Reed. Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry's phone. With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom. Terry walked out crying. Everyone was staring at her and Ella felt really relaxed.
Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there.“Ella, please wait.” Terry said, “I'm sorry I haven't answered any of your calls, but my dad's been ill for two weeks and had a heart operation today. During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going. I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again. I'm sorry I didn't tell you what was happening.” Ella couldn't help crying, either. “You should have told me this earlier. Let me know if you have difficulties. We are true friends.”
主题写作
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a king who had gone to visit neighboring kingdoms. He was gifted a pair of baby parrots by the king of the last kingdom where he was visiting. They were the most beautiful birds he had ever seen. So, upon returning to his kingdom, he called for a bird trainer and asked him to train the parrots.
The king also arranged a place in the palace garden for the parrots. He often looked at them from his palace window. As time passed, one day the trainer came to the palace and informed the king that though one of the parrots was flying high in the sky, the other one was not moving from its branch since the day it had arrived.
Upon hearing this, the king sent for other trainers from the nearby kingdoms. They all tried their best, but couldn't make the parrot fly! He even asked his courtiers to try to find a way to make the parrot fly but they all failed. The parrot was not moving from his branch at all. Finally, after trying everything, the king thought that maybe he needed someone who might be more familiar with natural habitat （栖息地）. He asked a courtier to get a farmer from the countryside and take him to the parrot to see if he could find out what was the problem.
注意：1.续写词数应为100左右。
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The next morning, the king was surprised to see the parrot flying high above the palace garden.____
参考范文
Watching the parrot flying freely in the sky, the king couldn't wait to find out what magic the farmer used while all other methods failed. He sent for the farmer, who went to the palace garden immediately. “How did you make the bird fly ” Upon seeing the farmer, the king asked eagerly. With his hands folded before him, the farmer answered with great respect, “Your Majesty! I simply cut the branch where the bird was sitting.”That is it! When there is no branch to sit on, it has no choice but to fly!
1.If you can not use WeChat at the present time, you are at the risk of losing track of your most friends, especially the young ones.如果目前你还不会使用微信，你就有可能与大多数朋友失去联系，尤其是那些年轻的朋友。
2.He who does not advance loses ground. 逆水行舟, 不进则退。
3.A peak has real significance only to people who climb it, not those who look up at it.高峰只对攀登它而不是仰望它的人来说才有真正的意义。
4.The talks proved that communication and dialogue based on mutual respect can help the two sides increase trust and promote mutually beneficial cooperation. 那次会谈证明, 基于相互尊重的沟通和对话, 有助于双方增强信任, 促进互利合作。
5.Every day has its ups and downs, and every man has his misfortunes and fortunes. 天有不测风云, 人有旦夕祸福。
美篇导读
地震就像地狱使者，来的时候悄无声息；等你意识到了，一切似乎又显得那么脆弱，但有备无患总是好的。
美篇呈现
Earthquakes
Over one million earthquakes occur every year but most of these are too small to notice. An earthquake can happen on land or under water. A major quake may last for only a minute but in that time it can kill thousands of people and completely destroy towns and villages.
In the early hours of the morning of April 18，1906，people in San Francisco were suddenly thrown to the ground as one of the history's most famous natural disasters struck and the buildings around them collapsed①.The streets were described as② moving like “waves of water”.Building after building was leveled③.The whole of Chinatown was destroyed and only one building was left standing on the top of Nob Hill. The damage caused by the earthquake was estimated④at around 7 million pounds，with the fire damage at 140 million pounds. The quake measured 7.8 on the Richter Scale.
On September 1，1923，three massive⑤ 7.9 magnitude⑥ shocks hit the cities of Tokyo and Yokohama. Only about one percent of Tokyo's buildings were severely damaged by the quake but massive fires broke out and swept across the wood and paper houses in the city. Of the 140，000 people who died in the disaster，the vast majority were victims⑦ of the fire. Over 200，000 buildings were burned down，leaving more than half a million people homeless.
September 1st is now designated⑧ as Disaster Prevention Day in Japan and earthquake drills⑨ are held in preparation for the next inevitable⑩ big quake，during which volunteers are shown how to put out fires and use emergency equipment.
地 震
每年要发生100多万次地震，但其中的大多数都因为太小而未引起注意。地震可能发生在地面上或者发生在水下。一次大地震可能只持续一分钟，但是在这个时间里它可以使成千上万的人丧生，彻底摧毁许多城镇和乡村。
1906年4月18日凌晨，历史上最著名的自然灾害之一突然发生了，旧金山市的居民一下子都被摔倒在地，周围的建筑物也都倒塌了。人们描述说，街道就像“波浪”一样晃动。一栋接一栋的建筑物被夷为平地。整个唐人街都被摧毁了，仅剩下诺布山顶上的一栋建筑。据估计，当时地震造成的损失约为700万英镑，伴随而来的火灾造成的损失是1.4亿英镑。经测量，这次地震为里氏7.8级。
1923年9月1日，东京和横滨两个城市遭受了3次震级为7.9级的强烈地震。东京只有约1%的建筑遭到严重破坏，但是特大火灾发生了，烧毁了这个城市里的木头房子和纸房子。在这次地震中遇难的14万人中，大部分死于火灾。20多万栋建筑被烧毁，造成50多万人无家可归。
现在9月1日被定为日本的防灾日。在这一天日本会组织地震演习，教志愿者如何灭火，如何使用紧急救援器材，为下次不可避免的大地震做准备。
知识积累
①collapse v.倒塌；崩溃；瓦解
②be described as... 被描述为……
③level vt.夷平；推倒
④estimate v.估计；估算
⑤massive adj.大而重的；非常严重的；大量的
⑥magnitude n.震级
⑦victim n.受害者
⑧designate v.把……定为；指定
⑨drill n.训练；演习
⑩inevitable adj.不可避免的
素养链接
由于日本多地震，日本政府于1960年将每年的9月1日定为“防灾日”。从70年代后期以来，日本政府采取了一系列国家规模的全面防震措施。1978年，日本国会通过了《大规模地震对策特别措施法》，正式将“防灾日”写入法律。每年此日，日本动用大量的人力物力在东京和静冈等地举行大规模的防震抗灾综合演习。
