Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化重要语言点的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用动词不定式。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1. n.压力;忧虑→ adj.充满压力的;紧张的
2. n.挑战;具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战→ adj.富有挑战性的
3. vt.预料;期待→ n.预料;预期;期待
4. adj.自信的→ n.自信;信心;信赖
5. n.伤;损害→ vt.损害;伤害→ adj.受伤的
6. adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→ adv.不幸地;令人遗憾地
7. vi.变化;不同→ n.多样;多样化→ adj.各种各样的;多种(类型)的
8. adj.方便的;便利的→ n.方便;便利
9. adj.实际的;真实的→ adv.实际上;事实上
10. n.距离;间距→ adj.遥远的;疏远的
答案 1.stress;stressful 2.challenge;challenging 3.expect;expectation 4.confident;confidence
5.injury;injure;injured 6.fortunate;fortunately;unfortunately 7.vary;variety;various 8.convenient;convenience 9.actual;actually 10.distance;distant
构词规律
n.+-ful→adj. adj.+-ce→n.
color n.→colorful adj.多彩的 beauty n.→beautiful adj.漂亮的 help n.→helpful adj.有帮助的 absent adj. →absence n.没有;缺乏;缺席 different adj.→difference n.差异;不同 evident adj.→evidence n.证据;证明
Step 2 短语记诵
1.all all 总而言之;总的来说
2.from time time 不时;有时;偶尔;间或
3.according 根据;按……所说
4. person 亲自
5. to do sth 易于做某事
6.get 取得进步;获得成功
7.a wide range 大范围的
8.set 动身;出发;开始;着手
答案 1.in 2.to 3.to 4.in 5.tend 6.ahead
7.of 8.out
短语归纳
v.+out→动词短语 v.+ahead→动词短语
give out 发出;放出 die out 消亡;灭绝 hand out 分发 go ahead 前进;进行 look ahead 展望未来;向前看 lie ahead 在前面;即将发生
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.I've been using the computer since I was a kid.(现在完成进行时)
翻译 从我还是个孩子的时候,我就一直用电脑。
仿写 She is very tired. all day.
她很累。她整天都在录入信件。
2.According to them,there is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends.(that引导同位语从句)
翻译 在他们看来,我可能无法判断这些朋友是不是真正的朋友,这是危险的。
仿写 The suggestion is right.
他应该被立刻送往医院的建议是正确的。
3.It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.(make+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译 努力(和伙伴们)一起实现团队目标总让我感到兴奋。
仿写 The news that the China Women National Football Team had won the game .
中国女足赢了比赛的消息使我们非常高兴。
答案 1.She's been typing letters 2.that he should be sent to hospital at once 3.made us very happy
【合作探究】
听说探究
(仅供教师参考)
I'm a... digital native!
I'm Joe, a student from London. You'll often find me sitting in front of my laptop.
The online world is a big part of my life. I'm a “digital native”—I've been using the computer since I was a kid(1).
我是……数字原住民!
我是乔,一名来自伦敦的学生。你会发现我经常坐在笔记本电脑前。
网络世界是我生活的重要组成部分。我是“数字原住民”——从我还是个孩子的时候,我就一直用电脑。
【助读点拨】
(1)I've been using是现在完成进行时;since引导时间状语从句。
I do a wide range of things online. Besides doing all my schoolwork, I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles; I also shop for various things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities. It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy. I also play computer games from time to time and I even play tennis on my television screen in my living room!
我在网上做各种事情。除了做我所有的功课,我还和朋友聊天,看电影,读每日新闻和其他有趣的文章;我也在网上买各种东西,比如书、电脑硬件和其他必需品。在购物前,我能够比较不同网络商店(的商品)的质量和价格,这非常方便。我有时也玩电脑游戏,甚至在客厅的电视屏幕上打网球! My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”. They think I'm playing computer games all the time and I chat too much with online friends. According to them, there is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends.(2) My mum keeps telling me to go out with my school friends instead.Maybe she's right.It's important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media.(3)Actually, I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes,especially because real life can be just as interesting.
我父母担心我会成为一个“网迷”。他们认为我一直在玩电脑游戏,并且和网友聊天太多。在他们看来,我可能无法判断这些朋友是不是真正的朋友,这是危险的。妈妈一直让我和学校的朋友出去玩。也许她是对的。时不时和朋友见面很重要,而不仅仅是停留在社交媒体上。事实上,我非常清楚我有时需要强迫自己不上网,特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。
【助读点拨】
(2)that引导的是同位语从句,whether引导的是宾语从句。
(3)“It is/was+adj.+to do sth”是固定句型,意为“做某事是……的”。
I'm a...go-getter!
I'm Li Ying. I like to set goals for myself. I'm a “go-getter”—when I set out to do something, I do my best to achieve it.
Senior secondary school is a new start. Studying (4) is definitely a big part of my life. I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term. My aim is to do well in every subject this term. Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university. I am always attentive in all classes and think actively, so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school(5).
我是一个……积极进取的人!
我是李莹,我喜欢为自己设定目标,我是一个积极进取的人。当我着手做某事时,我会尽最大努力来完成这件事。
高中是一个新的开始。学习当然是我生活中很重要的一部分。我倾向于在每学期开始时为每门课程设定一个目标。这学期我的目标是把每门课程都学好。生物是我最喜欢的科目,我的目标是为我的大学生物学位做准备。我在所有课上一直专心听讲并积极思考,以便放学后我能有更多可支配的时间做其他我感兴趣的事情。
【助读点拨】
(4)动词-ing形式作主语。
(5)so that意为“以便;为了”,引导目的状语从句。
I like reading books of all kinds. I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it updated.Meanwhile,I'm an active member of my school's long-distance running team and volunteering club. It always makes me excited(6) to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
我喜欢读各种各样的书。我有一个十佳图书的阅读清单,并且我尽量保持更新。同时,我是学校长跑队和志愿者俱乐部的活跃成员。努力(和伙伴们)一起实现团队目标总让我感到兴奋。
【助读点拨】
(6)“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,意为“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。
To achieve all I want, I must use my time well.At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day(7). For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus(8). I often use the time to review English words. As the popular saying goes(9), “Every minute counts!”
Set a goal and get ahead!
为了实现所有我想要的,我必须好好利用我的时间。在学校,我有空闲时间就做作业。放学后,我尽量利用任何可能的时间来复习我在一天中所学的东西。例如,我坐公共汽车回家通常要花20分钟。我经常利用这段时间复习英语单词。常言道:“分秒必争!”
确定一个目标并取得成功!
【助读点拨】
(7)此句为定语从句,省略了关系代词that。
(8)It takes/took sb time/money to do sth“做某事花费了某人……时间或金钱”。
(9)as the popular saying goes意为“常言道”,as引导定语从句,意为“正如;正像”,go在此处意为“说”。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 differ vi.不同;相异;意见相左 *difference n.不同之处;区别 *different adj.不同的;有区别的
(P6)I feel excited because this school differs in many ways from my previous one...
我感到兴奋,因为这所学校与我之前的学校在许多方面不一样……
知识拓展
differ from 不同于;和……不同
differ in 在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over... 在……上和某人有分歧
make a difference to 对……起作用;对……有影响
tell the difference between A and B 分清A和B
be different from...in... 在……方面与……不同
经典佳句
Leaves are found on all kinds of trees,but they differ greatly in size and shape.
各种树上都有叶子,但它们的大小和形状差别很大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Humans differ other animals their ability to speak.
(2)In a natural disaster, minutes and even seconds of warning can make a difference life and death.
(3)They are twins, so it's hard for me to tell difference between them.
Ⅱ.一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。
(4)British English American English pronunciation and spelling.(differ)
(5)British English American English pronunciation and spelling.(different)
(6) British English American English pronunciation and spelling.(difference)
答案 (1)from;in (2)between (3)the (4)differs obviously from;in (5)is obviously different from;in (6)There are obvious differences between;and;in
知识点2 expectation n.期待;预料;预期 *expect v.期望;盼望
(牛津词典)We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.
我们满怀信心地期待着完全康复。
知识拓展
meet/live up to one's expectations 不负某人所望
beyond expectations 出乎意料
in expectation of 期待;指望
have little/no expectation of doing sth 没希望做某事
expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
expect a lot/too much of sb 对某人要求很高/过高
经典佳句
There was a general expectation that he would win.
(人们)普遍认为他会获胜。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The fans have already started to gather in expectation a victory celebration.
(2)I didn't expect him (become) a successful writer.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)(2023·河南郑州一中月考)You can trust that I will work hard to .
您可以相信,我将努力学习,不辜负您的期望。
答案 (1)of (2)to become (3)live up to your expectations
知识点3 recover vi.恢复健康;康复 *recovery n.恢复健康;复原;重获;复得
(P100)...I have no regrets as I love solving problems and I get to help people recover from illnesses and injuries.
……我不后悔,因为我喜欢解决问题,并且我开始帮助人们从疾病和伤痛中恢复过来。
知识拓展
recover from... 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 清醒过来
make a full recovery 完全康复
图解释义
The young man gradually recovers from his injury.
这个年轻人逐渐从伤痛中恢复过来。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He is very ill and unlikely (recover).
(2)The country hasn't yet recovered the effects of the war.
(3)She made a speedy (recover) from her illness and was soon back at work.
答案 (1)to recover (2)from (3)recovery
知识点4 challenge n.挑战;具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战;质问 *challenging adj.有挑战性的
(P100)Unfortunately,the job can also be stressful, especially when challenges arise and I work so much that I feel I don't see my family enough.
不幸的是,这份工作也充满压力,尤其是当挑战出现时,我工作很忙以至于我感觉自己没有足够的时间和家人见面。
知识拓展
a real challenge (to/for sb) (对某人来说是)一项真正的挑战
face the challenge 面对挑战
challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战某事;(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议某人做某事
challenge sb's authority 质疑某人的权威
challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事
经典佳句
In this TV series, the role of the doctor was the biggest challenge of her acting career.
在这部电视剧中,医生这个角色是她演艺生涯中最大的挑战。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Exploring the outer space is a huge challenge mankind.
(2)She performed the most (challenge) task without a mistake.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Mary finds her new job .
玛丽发现她的新工作对她来说是一项真正的挑战。
(4)He another tennis game.
他向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。
答案 (1)to/for (2)challenging (3)a real challenge to/for her (4)challenged me to play
知识点5 arise vi.(问题或困难)出现;发生
(P100)Unfortunately,the job can also be stressful,especially when challenges arise and I work so much that I feel I don't see my family enough.
不幸的是,这份工作也充满压力,尤其是当挑战出现时,我工作很忙以至于我感觉自己没有足够的时间和家人见面。
知识拓展
arise out of/from... 从……中产生;因……发生
arise suddenly 突如其来
图解释义
rise arise raise
(vi.升起) (vi.出现) (vt.举起)
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The problem may not (arise),but there's no harm in keeping our powder dry.
(2)Are there any matters (arise) from the minutes of the last meeting
Ⅱ.一句多译
休息时,我们的班主任开始处理他的课上出现的问题。
(3)At break,our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter .(动词-ing形式作定语)
(4)At break,our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter .(定语从句)
答案 (1)arise (2)arising (3)arising from his class
(4)which arose from his class
知识点6 range n.种类;范围;一系列;山脉 v.排列;徘徊;(在……内)变动
(P8)I do a wide range of things online.
我在网上做各种事情。
知识拓展
a (wide) range of 广泛的;许多;各种
within/in range of...在……可及的范围内
out of range of...超出……的范围
range from...to... 在……和……范围内变动;包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
经典佳句
The supermarket keeps a wide range of goods.Their prices range from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan.According to their varieties,the shop assistants range them neatly on the shelves.
这家超市有许多种商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类,售货员们把它们整齐地排列在货架上。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools (range) from kindergarten to high school.
(2)We have range of men's shirts on special offer.
Ⅱ.词汇升级
(3)If you take part in our summer camp,you'll have many different choices to broaden your horizons.
→If you take part in our summer camp,you'll have to broaden your horizons.
答案 (1)ranging (2)a (3)a wide range of choices
知识点7 various adj.各种各样的;不同的 *variety n.种类;多样化 *vary v.变化;不同
(P8)I also shop for various things online,such as books,computer hardware and other necessities.
我也在网上买各种东西,比如书、电脑硬件和其他必需品。
知识拓展
a variety of/varieties of 多种多样的
vary with... 随……而变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等
经典佳句
Exercises will fill your life with various contents and make it more colorful and wonderful.
体育锻炼会充实你的生活,同时也让你的生活更加丰富多彩。
名师点拨
(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the variety of+复数名词,意为“……的品种”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)At the class meeting,the students had (vary) opinions.
(2)People change their minds for a (various) of reasons.
(3)However,views on this issue vary from person person.
(4)There will be (vary) fantastic performances played by talented students.
答案 (1)various (2)variety (3)to (4)various
知识点8 convenient adj.方便的;便利的 *convenience n.方便;便利;便利的事物
(P8)It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
购物前,我能够比较不同网络商店(的商品)的质量和价格,这非常方便。
知识拓展
if convenient 如果方便的话
It is convenient for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事很方便。
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
for convenience 方便起见;为了方便
for the convenience of 为了方便……
经典佳句
It's a great convenience to live here. At my convenience,I can visit some of my favorite museums.Shopping is convenient to my wife.It is also convenient for my son to go to school,for his school is only two blocks away.
住在这里真方便。我方便的时候可以去参观我最爱的博物馆。我妻子购物很方便。我儿子上学也很方便,因为这儿距他的学校只有两个街区的距离。
名师点拨
(1)convenient作表语时,不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语,多用于“It is convenient for sb to do sth.”这一句型中。
(2)convenience意为“方便;便利”时为不可数名词;表示“便利的事物;便利设施”时为可数名词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Students think it is convenient them to communicate with the outside world by using cell phones.
(2)I hope you can send me an answer at your (convenient).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)We bought this house (为了方便); it's near the school.
(4)We can meet to discuss this further (在你方便时).
(5)A new general store has been built (为了方便……) residents.
(6)(2023·河南洛阳模拟)The Internet (使我们的生活变得方便).
答案 (1)for (2)convenience (3)for convenience
(4)at your convenience (5)for the convenience of (6)makes our lives convenient
知识点9 addict n.对……着迷的人 vt.使着迷 *addiction n.瘾;入迷;上瘾 *addictive adj.使人上瘾的
(P8)My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”.
我父母担心我会成为一个“网迷”。
知识拓展
addict oneself to 沉溺于
be/become addicted to 对……上瘾;热衷于……
图解释义
The boy is a cellphone addict, and he takes his cellphone with him wherever he goes.
这个男生是个手机迷,不管去哪儿他都带着手机。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用addict的正确形式填空
(1)The boy became to computer games and didn't want to study.
(2)She helped him fight his drug .
(3)I took up skiing two years ago and I found it quite .
(4)They are rock music .
Ⅱ.语境填空
(5)While his wife was in hospital,he alcohol,and his son computer games. computer games,his son lost interest in his lessons,which made his wife very angry.
在妻子住院期间,他对酒上了瘾,并且他的儿子迷上了电脑游戏。由于沉迷电脑游戏,他的儿子对功课失去了兴趣,这使他的妻子非常生气。
答案 (1)addicted (2)addiction (3)addictive (4)addicts (5)became addicted to;addicted himself to;Addicted to
知识点10 aim n.目的;意图 vi.力求达到;以……为目标 *aimless adj.没有目标的;无目的的 *aimlessly adv.漫无目的地;无目标地
(P9)My aim is to do well in every subject this term.
这学期我的目标是每门功课都考好。
知识拓展
take aim at 把目标对准……
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的;实现某人的目标
with the aim of 以……为目标;意在/旨在……
aim to do sth 计划/企图/旨在做某事
aim at doing sth 力求做到某事
aim at/for 目的在于
be aimed at 目的是;旨在;针对
aim high 胸怀大志;力争上游
经典佳句
There is an anti-smoking campaign aimed at young people.
有一场针对年轻人的反吸烟运动。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)The new measures tightening existing sanctions.
这些新措施旨在加强现有的制裁。
(2)A science camp will be held next month encouraging more students to throw themselves into scientific research.
下个月将举行一场科学夏令营,旨在鼓励更多的学生投身科学研究。
答案 (1)are aimed at (2)with the aim of
知识点11 distance n.距离;间距;遥远 *distant adj.遥远的;远亲的;冷淡的
(P9)Meanwhile,I'm an active member of my school's long-distance running team and volunteering club.
同时,我是学校长跑队和志愿者俱乐部的活跃成员。
知识拓展
at/from a distance 隔一段距离;从远处
at a distance of... 在……远的地方;相距……
in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡;同某人疏远;与某人保持距离
within walking distance 在步行可及的地方
be... distant from+地点 离某地……远
图解释义
The distance between Tom's home and the school is 2 km.
汤姆的家和学校之间的距离是2千米。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)While walking his dog in a park yesterday afternoon,Bob heard someone crying for help the distance.
(2)The railway station is at a (distant) of two miles away from our school.
(3)The center of the city is about 10 miles (distance) from the station.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)Bob carefully walks closer to the old man,with the rest of the family following .
鲍勃小心翼翼地走近老人,其余的家人跟着,保持着一定的距离。
(5)It's better for you to .
你最好不要和他亲近。
(6)The school is three miles .
这学校距离医院3英里。
答案 (1)in (2)distance (3)distant
(4)at/from a distance (5)keep him at a distance (6)distant from the hospital
短 语 句 式
知识点12 all in all 总而言之;总的来说
(P100)All in all,I hope to have a happier,more fruitful and satisfying life in my new school.
总的来说,我希望在我的新学校中有一种更快乐、更有成效、更令人满意的生活。
知识拓展
at all cost 无论如何;不惜一切代价
for good and all 永久地;一劳永逸地
once and for all 只此一次;彻底地
all over 到处
above all 尤其是;首先;最重要的是
after all 毕竟;终究
at all 丝毫;根本;究竟
in all 总共;一共
经典佳句
You shouldn't have blamed him at all;he is a little child after all. He made only two mistakes in all.
你根本不该责怪他, 毕竟他是个小孩子。 他一共才出了两处错。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, all, honest.
(2)All all, every road leads to Rome, and I do believe hard work pays off.
(3)Don't believe the advertisement. all, it is the customers who pay for whatever they are given.
(4)It isn't so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works all.
答案 (1)above (2)in (3)After (4)at
知识点13 from time to time 不时;有时;偶尔;间或
(P8)I also play computer games from time to time and I even play tennis on my television screen in my living room!
我有时也玩电脑游戏,甚至在客厅的电视屏幕上打网球。
知识拓展
at a time 一次;同时;一下子;每次
at all times 不论什么时候
at times 有时;间或
at any time 随时;无论何时
at no time 绝不;在任何时候都不
at one time (过去)有个时期;曾经;一度
in no time 立即;马上
经典佳句
From time to time we all get a hankering for something a little different.
有时我们都会渴望稍有变化的事物。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)He is a good student but he is late for school .
他是个好学生,不过有时上学会迟到。
(2)I'll support you .
不论什么时候我都支持你。
(3)Unexpected disasters can strike .
不可预料的灾难随时可能发生。
(4)At no time and in no circumstances the first to use nuclear weapons.
在任何时候以及任何情况下,中国都不会首先使用核武器。
答案 (1)from time to time/at times (2)at all times/at any time (3)at any time (4)will China be
知识点14 tend to do sth易于做某事;倾向于做某事
(P9)I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term.
我倾向于在每学期开始时为每门课程设定一个目标。
知识拓展
tend to/towards 倾向;趋于
have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
经典佳句
People tend to think that the problem will never affect them.
人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)A problem for manufacturers is that lighter cars tend (be) noisy.
(2)These plants have a (tend) to grow in the rural areas.
答案 (1)to be (2)tendency
知识点15 get ahead 取得进步;获得成功
(P9)Set a goal and get ahead!
确定一个目标并取得成功!
知识拓展
get up 起身;站起
get to 到达
get about 四处走动;(消息等)传开
get into 进入;陷入;养成(习惯)
get off 从……下来;下车(船、飞机等)
get on 上车(船、飞机等)
get in 收获;进入;陷入
get across (使)通过;(使)理解
get through 通过;度过;完成;接通(电话)
get over 恢复;克服;解决
经典佳句
Seek out ways to get ahead and begin making plans.
寻找获得成功的方法,并且开始做计划。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)By the time I ,I had been quite out of breath.
等爬到山顶的时候,我已经上气不接下气了。
(2)He wondered how they would .
他想知道他们会怎么解决那个问题。
(3)I don't know how poor people .
我不知道穷人是怎样熬过那些寒冬的。
答案 (1)got to the top of the hill (2)get over that problem (3)got through those cold winters
知识点16 that 引导同位语从句
(P8)According to them,there is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends.
在他们看来,我可能无法判断这些朋友是不是真正的朋友,这是危险的。
知识拓展
句中的that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends是that引导的同位语从句,用来解释说明a danger的内容。
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句,常常跟在fact、idea、opinion、news、hope、belief等名词后面,用来说明这些名词表示的具体内容。
名师点拨
that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,不可省略。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(2) you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这项工作的想法是完全错误的。
(3)People used to hold the earth was the center of the universe.
人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。
答案 (1)The news that (2)The idea that (3)the belief that
知识点17 so that引导目的状语从句
(P9)I am always attentive in all classes and think actively,so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school.
我在所有课上一直专心听讲并积极思考,以便放学后我能有更多可支配的时间做其他我感兴趣的事情。
知识拓展
句中的so that引导目的状语从句,表示“为了……;以便……”,相当于in order that,常和can、could、be able to连用。
so ...that ...句型的常见形式:
such ...that ...句型的常见形式:
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.
我会把所有事实都告诉你,以便你自己做出判断。
Dalian is such an attractive place that/Dalian is so attractive a place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方,以至于每年都有很多游客前来观光旅游。
名师点拨
当“so/such ...that ...”句型中的so/such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装,即把主句中的be动词/助动词/情态动词提到主语前面。 that引导的结果状语从句不倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)His idea was a good one that we all agreed to use it.
(2)He swam so fast nobody could catch up with him in Men's 200 m Freestyle.
(3)He earned little money that he couldn't afford a house.
Ⅱ.句型转换
(4)This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.
→This is you should attend it.(such...that...)
答案 (1)such (2)that (3)so (4)such an important meeting that
知识点18 make+宾语+宾语补足语
(P9)It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
努力(和伙伴们)一起实现团队目标总让我感到兴奋。
知识拓展
句中的makes me excited是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处用形容词作宾语补足语。
在make的复合结构中,常用不带to的动词不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、动词-ed形式、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
名师点拨
make sb/sth do结构如果用于被动语态,必须加to。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)He makes the boy (stand) all the time.
(2)Can you make it (suit) for children
(3)Our teacher makes us (feel) more confident.
(4)The strange noise made us (frighten).
答案 (1)standing (2)suitable (3)feel (4)frightened
语法探究
动词不定式
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Unfortunately,the doctors don't know how to make me better,but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.
2.Even after all that,no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.
3.I am happy to have found many things I can do,like writing and computer programming.
4.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.
5.I consider him to be a very good teacher.
我的发现
(1)第1句中的how to make为“ +动词不定式”结构,作动词know的 ;to adapt为动词不定式的 ,作动词learn的 。
(2)第2句中的动词不定式to know为真正的 ,前面的it为 。
(3)第3句中的to have found为动词不定式的 ,作 。
(4)第4句中的动词不定式to work作 。
(5)第5句中的动词不定式to be作 。
答案 (1)疑问词;宾语;一般式;宾语 (2)主语;形式主语 (3)完成式;状语 (4)表语 (5)宾语补足语
探究点1 动词不定式的时态和语态
动词不定式to do有时态和语态的变化。时态共四种形式,即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式;语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing —
完成进行式 to have been doing —
探究点2 动词不定式的用法
1.动词不定式作主语
To stop the work now seems impossible.
现在停止工作似乎不可能。
注意:很多时候为了避免头重脚轻的现象,常用it 作形式主语,而把动词不定式移到句子的后面。
It isn't right to gossip about others.
说别人的闲话是不对的。
2.动词不定式作宾语
She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was worried about it.
她没有及时完成任务,她对此感到很担心。
I can't afford to buy a car.
我买不起小汽车。
注意:
(1)动词help可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语。
Regular exercise will help (to) improve your health.
经常进行锻炼将会改善你的健康。
(2)动词不定式可以与连接代/副词连用。
I don't know how to do it.
我不知道怎么做。
3.动词不定式作定语
I have a lot of work to do.
我有很多工作要做。
He was the first athlete to get to the finishing line.
他是第一个到达终点的选手。
You are invited to a party to be held at 7:00 pm tomorrow.
你被邀请参加明天晚上七点举行的晚会。
4.动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因、结果等。
A group of young people got together to discuss this question.
一群年轻人聚集在一起讨论这个问题。
He was delighted to see his old friend again.
再次见到他的老朋友,他感到很高兴。
He was too young to finish this task.
他太年轻而无法完成这项任务。
To tell you the truth,the film was a great disappointment to me.
说实在的,那部影片使我大为失望。
5.动词不定式作表语
My goal is to win the game.
我的目标就是赢得比赛。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
6.动词不定式作宾语补足语
Our teachers often encourage us to study hard.
我们的老师常常鼓励我们努力学习。
名师点拨
动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义的几种情况:
(1)在there be结构中,当名词和其后置定语构成动宾关系时;
There is a lot of homework to do.
有许多家庭作业要做。
There is no time to waste.
没有时间可浪费。
(2)在“主语+ be + adj.+ to do”结构中,当主语和动词不定式构成动宾关系时;
常用的这类形容词有easy、 difficult、 hard、 impossible、 nice、 pleasant、 light、 heavy、 interesting、 important、 expensive、 cheap、 fit、 dangerous等。
The work is easy to do.
这项工作很容易做。
(3)在“with + n.+ to do”结构中;
With nothing to do, he lay in bed.
他无事可做,躺在床上。
(4)当动词不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时;
I have a letter to type today.(I是type的逻辑主语)
我有一封信要录入。
Do you have anything to say (you是say的逻辑主语)
你有什么要说的吗
(5)一些作表语的动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义:
常见的这类动词有let(出租)、 rent、 hire、 blame等。
The apartment is to let.
房屋出租。
I felt I was to blame.
我感觉我要受指责。
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The good news made us (excite).
2.The news his health was failing made us sad.
3.We can see the mountain from the (distant).
4.Prices tended (rise) year by year,but at a modest rate.
5.It was a great (convenient) to have the doctor living near us.
6.She made the children glad in a (vary) of ways.
7.Unexpected difficulties (arise) in the course of their experiment.
8.The economy is expected (recover).
9.Against all (expect),the play was greatly welcomed.
10.I enjoy doing something more (challenge).
答案 1.excited 2.that 3.distance 4.to rise
5.convenience 6.variety 7.arose 8.to recover
9.expectations 10.challenging
Ⅱ.选词填空
tend to;set out;a wide range of;according to;from time to time;all in all;in person;social media;get ahead;all the time
1.His daughters visited him when he was ill.
2.In Britain today we consider old age as a social problem.
3.If all goes the plan,the first concert will be held on Tuesday evening.
4.We to find the truth behind the mystery.
5.He developed sporting interests as a pupil.
6. ,young people should be forward-looking.
7.They are rivals, always competing to of each other.
8.If you like this article, then please share it on your .
9.He stayed with me that night.
10.You may apply for the job or by letter.
答案 1.from time to time 2.tend to 3.according to 4.set out 5.a wide range of 6.All in all 7.get ahead 8.social media 9.all the time 10.in person
Ⅲ.句型转换
1.It seems that he is eating something.(变为简单句)
→
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.To study two languages is very hard.(用it作形式主语)
→
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.The boss made them work the whole night.(变为被动语态)
→
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.It is known that she has been working on the problem for many years.(变为简单句)
→
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.He seems to be eating something.
2.It's very hard to study two languages.
3.They were made to work the whole night by the boss.
4.She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.
2(共93张PPT)
UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化重要语言点的用法,并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,学会运用动词不定式。（语言能力）
1.______ n.压力；忧虑→________ adj.充满压力的；紧张的
stress
stressful
2._________ n.挑战；具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战→___________ adj.富有挑战性
的
challenge
challenging
3._______ vt.预料；期待→___________ n.预料；预期；期待
expect
expectation
4._________ adj.自信的→__________ n.自信；信心；信赖
confident
confidence
5.______ n.伤；损害→______ vt.损害；伤害→_______ adj.受伤的
injury
injure
injured
6._________ adj.幸运的→__________ adv.幸运地→____________ adv.不幸地；令人
遗憾地
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunately
7._____ vi.变化；不同→_______ n.多样；多样化→________ adj.各种各样的；多种
（类型）的
vary
variety
various
8.__________ adj.方便的；便利的→____________ n.方便；便利
convenient
convenience
9.______ adj.实际的；真实的→________ adv.实际上；事实上
actual
actually
10.________ n.距离；间距→_______ adj.遥远的；疏远的
distance
distant
构词规律
n.+-ful→adj. adj.+-ce→n.
color n.→colorful adj.多彩的 beauty n.→beautiful adj.漂亮的 help n.→helpful adj.有帮助的 absent adj. →absence n.没有；缺乏；缺席
different adj.→difference n.差异；不同
evident adj.→evidence n.证据；证明
1.all ___ all 总而言之；总的来说
in
2.from time ___ time 不时；有时；偶尔；间或
to
3.according ___根据；按……所说
to
4.___ person 亲自
in
5._____ to do sth 易于做某事
tend
6.get ______取得进步；获得成功
ahead
7.a wide range ___ 大范围的
of
8.set ____ 动身；出发；开始；着手
out
短语归纳
v.+out→动词短语 v.+ahead→动词短语
give out 发出；放出 die out 消亡；灭绝 hand out 分发 go ahead 前进；进行
look ahead 展望未来；向前看
lie ahead 在前面；即将发生
1.I've been usingthe computer since I was a kid.（现在完成进行时）
翻译 从我还是个孩子的时候,我就一直用电脑。
仿写 She is very tired._______________________ all day.
她很累。她整天都在录入信件。
She's been typing letters
2.According to them,there is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these
friends are real friends.（that引导同位语从句）
翻译 在他们看来,我可能无法判断这些朋友是不是真正的朋友,这是危险的。
仿写 The suggestion ______________________________________is right.
他应该被立刻送往医院的建议是正确的。
that he should be sent to hospital at once
3.It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
（make+宾语+宾语补足语）
翻译 努力（和伙伴们）一起实现团队目标总让我感到兴奋。
仿写 The news that the China Women National Football Team had won the
game___________________.
中国女足赢了比赛的消息使我们非常高兴。
made us very happy
核 心 单 词
知识点1 differ vi.不同；相异；意见相左 ＊difference n.不同之处；区别 ＊different adj.不同的；有区别的
（P6）I feel excited because this school differs in many ways from my previous one...
我感到兴奋,因为这所学校与我之前的学校在许多方面不一样……
知识拓展
differ from 不同于；和……不同
differ in 在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over... 在……上和某人有分歧
make a difference to 对……起作用；对……有影响
tell the difference between A and B 分清A和B
be different from...in... 在……方面与……不同
经典佳句
Leaves are found on all kinds of trees，but they differ greatly in size and shape.
各种树上都有叶子，但它们的大小和形状差别很大。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Humans differ ______ other animals ___ their ability to speak.
from
in
（2）In a natural disaster， minutes and even seconds of warning can make a
difference ________ life and death.
between
（3）They are twins， so it's hard for me to tell ____ difference between them.
the
Ⅱ.一句多译
英式英语和美式英语在单词的发音和拼写方面有明显的区别。
（4）British English _____________________ American English ___ pronunciation
and spelling.（differ）
differs obviously from
in
（5）British English _________________________ American English ___
pronunciation and spelling.（different）
is obviously different from
in
（6）___________________________________ British English _____ American
English ___ pronunciation and spelling.（difference）
There are obvious differences between
and
in
知识点2 expectation n.期待；预料；预期 ＊expect v.期望；盼望
（牛津词典）We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.
我们满怀信心地期待着完全康复。
知识拓展
meet/live up to one's expectations 不负某人所望
beyond expectations 出乎意料
in expectation of 期待；指望
have little/no expectation of doing sth 没希望做某事
expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
expect a lot/too much of sb 对某人要求很高/过高
经典佳句
There was a general expectation that he would win.
（人们）普遍认为他会获胜。
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The fans have already started to gather in expectation ___ a victory celebration.
of
（2）I didn't expect him __________ （become） a successful writer.
to become
融会应用
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）（2023·河南郑州一中月考）You can trust that I will work hard to
__________________________．
您可以相信，我将努力学习，不辜负您的期望。
live up to your expectations
知识点3 recover vi.恢复健康；康复 ＊recovery n.恢复健康；复原；重获；复得
（P100）...I have no regrets as I love solving problems and I get to help people recover from illnesses and injuries. ……我不后悔，因为我喜欢解决问题，并且我开始帮助人们从疾病和伤痛中恢复过来。
知识拓展
recover from... 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 清醒过来
make a full recovery 完全康复
图解释义
The young man gradually recovers from his injury.
这个年轻人逐渐从伤痛中恢复过来。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He is very ill and unlikely __________（recover）.
to recover
（2）The country hasn't yet recovered ______ the effects of the war.
from
（3）She made a speedy _________（recover） from her illness and was soon back
at work.
recovery
知识点4 challenge n.挑战；具有挑战性的事物 vt.向……挑战；质问 ＊challenging adj.有挑战性的
（P100）Unfortunately，the job can also be stressful, especially when challenges arise and I work so much that I feel I don't see my family enough.
不幸的是,这份工作也充满压力,尤其是当挑战出现时,我工作很忙以至于我感觉自己没有足够的时间和家人见面。
知识拓展
a real challenge （to/for sb） （对某人来说是）一项真正的挑战
face the challenge 面对挑战
challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战某事；（尤指在对方不情愿时）强烈建议某人做某事
challenge sb's authority 质疑某人的权威
challenge sb to do sth 向某人挑战做某事
经典佳句
In this TV series, the role of the doctor was the biggest challenge of her acting career.
在这部电视剧中，医生这个角色是她演艺生涯中最大的挑战。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Exploring the outer space is a huge challenge ______mankind.
to/for
（2）She performed the most___________ （challenge） task without a mistake.
challenging
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Mary finds her new job ________________________.
玛丽发现她的新工作对她来说是一项真正的挑战。
a real challenge to/for her
（4）He _____________________ another tennis game.
他向我挑战再打一场网球比赛。
challenged me to play
知识点5 arise vi.（问题或困难）出现；发生
（P100）Unfortunately,the job can also be stressful,especially when challenges arise and I work so much that I feel I don't see my family enough.
不幸的是,这份工作也充满压力,尤其是当挑战出现时,我工作很忙以至于我感觉自己没有足够的时间和家人见面。
知识拓展
arise out of/from... 从……中产生；因……发生
arise suddenly 突如其来
图解释义
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The problem may not _____（arise），but there's no harm in keeping our
powder dry.
arise
（2）Are there any matters _______（arise） from the minutes of the last meeting
arising
Ⅱ.一句多译
休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他的课上出现的问题。
（3）At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter
____________________.（动词-ing形式作定语）
arising from his class
（4）At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter
_________________________.（定语从句）
which arose from his class
知识点6 range n.种类；范围；一系列；山脉 v.排列；徘徊；（在……内）变动
（P8）I do a wide range of things online.
我在网上做各种事情。
知识拓展
a （wide） range of 广泛的；许多；各种
within/in range of...在……可及的范围内
out of range of...超出……的范围
range from...to... 在……和……范围内变动；包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
经典佳句
The supermarket keeps a wide range of goods. Their prices range from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan. According to their varieties，the shop assistants range them neatly on the shelves.
这家超市有许多种商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在货架上。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools
________（range） from kindergarten to high school.
ranging
（2）We have ___ range of men's shirts on special offer.
a
Ⅱ.词汇升级
（3）If you take part in our summer camp，you'll have many different choices to
broaden your horizons.
→If you take part in our summer camp，you'll have _______________________to
broaden your horizons.
a wide range of choices
知识点7 various adj.各种各样的；不同的 ＊variety n.种类；多样化 ＊vary v.变化；不同
（P8）I also shop for various things online，such as books，computer hardware and other necessities.
我也在网上买各种东西，比如书、电脑硬件和其他必需品。
知识拓展
a variety of/varieties of 多种多样的
vary with... 随……而变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等
经典佳句
Exercises will fill your life with various contents and make it more colorful and wonderful.
体育锻炼会充实你的生活，同时也让你的生活更加丰富多彩。
名师点拨
（1）a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
（2）the variety of+复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）At the class meeting，the students had ________ （vary） opinions.
various
（2）People change their minds for a _______（various） of reasons.
variety
（3）However，views on this issue vary from person ___ person.
to
（4）There will be ________ （vary） fantastic performances played by talented
students.
various
知识点8 convenient adj.方便的；便利的 ＊convenience n.方便；便利；便利的事物
（P8）It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy.
购物前，我能够比较不同网络商店（的商品）的质量和价格，这非常方便。
知识拓展
if convenient 如果方便的话
It is convenient for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事很方便。
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
for convenience 方便起见；为了方便
for the convenience of 为了方便……
经典佳句
It's a great convenience to live here. At my convenience，I can visit some of my favorite museums. Shopping is convenient to my wife. It is also convenient for my son to go to school，for his school is only two blocks away.
住在这里真方便。我方便的时候可以去参观我最爱的博物馆。我妻子购物很方便。我儿子上学也很方便，因为这儿距他的学校只有两个街区的距离。
名师点拨
（1）convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于“It is convenient for sb to do sth.”这一句型中。
（2）convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Students think it is convenient ____ them to communicate with the outside
world by using cell phones.
for
（2）I hope you can send me an answer at your ____________（convenient）.
convenience
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）We bought this house _______________（为了方便）； it's near the school.
for convenience
（4）We can meet to discuss this further ___________________（在你方便时）.
at your convenience
（5）A new general store has been built _____________________（为了方便……）
residents.
for the convenience of
（6）（2023·河南洛阳模拟）The Internet _________________________（使我们的生
活变得方便）.
makes our lives convenient
知识点9 addict n.对……着迷的人 vt.使着迷 ＊addiction n.瘾；入迷；上瘾 ＊addictive adj.使人上瘾的
（P8）My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”.
我父母担心我会成为一个“网迷”。
知识拓展
addict oneself to 沉溺于
be/become addicted to 对……上瘾；热衷于……
图解释义
The boy is a cellphone addict, and he takes his cellphone with him wherever he goes.
这个男生是个手机迷，不管去哪儿他都带着手机。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用addict的正确形式填空
（1）The boy became ________ to computer games and didn't want to study.
addicted
（2）She helped him fight his drug _________.
addiction
（3）I took up skiing two years ago and I found it quite _________.
addictive
（4）They are rock music _______.
addicts
Ⅱ.语境填空
（5）While his wife was in hospital，he __________________alcohol，and his son
__________________ computer games.____________ computer games，his son lost
interest in his lessons，which made his wife very angry.
在妻子住院期间，他对酒上了瘾，并且他的儿子迷上了电脑游戏。由于沉迷电脑游戏，
他的儿子对功课失去了兴趣，这使他的妻子非常生气。
became addicted to
addicted himself to
Addicted to
知识点10 aim n.目的；意图 vi.力求达到；以……为目标 ＊aimless adj.没有目标的；无目的的 ＊aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；无目标地
（P9）My aim is to do well in every subject this term.
这学期我的目标是每门功课都考好。
知识拓展
take aim at 把目标对准……
achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在/旨在……
aim to do sth 计划/企图/旨在做某事
aim at doing sth 力求做到某事
aim at/for 目的在于
be aimed at 目的是；旨在；针对
aim high 胸怀大志；力争上游
经典佳句
There is an anti-smoking campaign aimed at young people.
有一场针对年轻人的反吸烟运动。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The new measures____________ tightening existing sanctions.
这些新措施旨在加强现有的制裁。
are aimed at
（2）A science camp will be held next month _______________ encouraging more
students to throw themselves into scientific research.
下个月将举行一场科学夏令营，旨在鼓励更多的学生投身科学研究。
with the aim of
知识点11 distance n.距离；间距；遥远 ＊distant adj.遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的
（P9）Meanwhile，I'm an active member of my school's long-distance running team and volunteering club.
同时，我是学校长跑队和志愿者俱乐部的活跃成员。
知识拓展
at/from a distance 隔一段距离；从远处
at a distance of... 在……远的地方；相距……
in the distance 在远处
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡；同某人疏远；与某人保持距离
within walking distance 在步行可及的地方
be... distant from+地点 离某地……远
图解释义
The distance between Tom's home and the school is 2 km.
汤姆的家和学校之间的距离是2千米。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）While walking his dog in a park yesterday afternoon，Bob heard someone
crying for help ___ the distance.
in
（2）The railway station is at a ________ （distant） of two miles away from our
school.
distance
（3）The center of the city is about 10 miles _______（distance） from the station.
distant
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Bob carefully walks closer to the old man,with the rest of the family following
_________________.
鲍勃小心翼翼地走近老人,其余的家人跟着,保持着一定的距离。
at/from a distance
（5）It's better for you to_____________________.
你最好不要和他亲近。
keep him at a distance
（6）The school is three miles _______________________.
这学校距离医院3英里。
distant from the hospital
短 语 句 式
知识点12 all in all 总而言之；总的来说
（P100）All in all，I hope to have a happier，more fruitful and satisfying life in my new school.
总的来说，我希望在我的新学校中有一种更快乐、更有成效、更令人满意的生活。
知识拓展
at all cost 无论如何；不惜一切代价
for good and all 永久地；一劳永逸地
once and for all 只此一次；彻底地
all over 到处
above all 尤其是；首先；最重要的是
after all 毕竟；终究
at all 丝毫；根本；究竟
in all 总共；一共
经典佳句
You shouldn't have blamed him at all；he is a little child after all. He made only two mistakes in all.
你根本不该责怪他, 毕竟他是个小孩子。 他一共才出了两处错。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ______ all, honest.
above
（2）All ___ all, every road leads to Rome, and I do believe hard work pays off.
in
（3）Don't believe the advertisement.______ all, it is the customers who pay for
whatever they are given.
After
（4）It isn't so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works ___
all.
at
知识点13 from time to time 不时；有时；偶尔；间或
（P8）I also play computer games from time to time and I even play tennis on my television screen in my living room!
我有时也玩电脑游戏，甚至在客厅的电视屏幕上打网球。
知识拓展
at a time 一次；同时；一下子；每次
at all times 不论什么时候
at times 有时;间或
at any time 随时；无论何时
at no time 绝不；在任何时候都不
at one time （过去）有个时期；曾经；一度
in no time 立即；马上
经典佳句
From time to time we all get a hankering for something a little different.
有时我们都会渴望稍有变化的事物。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）He is a good student but he is late for school _________________________.
他是个好学生，不过有时上学会迟到。
from time to time/at times
（2）I'll support you ______________________.
不论什么时候我都支持你。
at all times/at any time
（3）Unexpected disasters can strike ____________.
不可预料的灾难随时可能发生。
at any time
（4）At no time and in no circumstances _____________ the first to use nuclear
weapons.
在任何时候以及任何情况下，中国都不会首先使用核武器。
will China be
知识点14 tend to do sth 易于做某事；倾向于做某事
（P9）I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term.
我倾向于在每学期开始时为每门课程设定一个目标。
知识拓展
tend to/towards 倾向；趋于
have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
经典佳句
People tend to think that the problem will never affect them.
人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）A problem for manufacturers is that lighter cars tend ______ （be） noisy.
to be
（2）These plants have a _________（tend） to grow in the rural areas.
tendency
知识点15 get ahead 取得进步；获得成功
（P9）Set a goal and get ahead!
确定一个目标并取得成功！
知识拓展
get up 起身；站起
get to 到达
get about 四处走动；（消息等）传开
get into 进入；陷入；养成（习惯）
get off 从……下来；下车（船、飞机等）
get on 上车（船、飞机等）
get in 收获；进入；陷入
get across （使）通过；（使）理解
get through 通过；度过；完成；接通（电话）
get over 恢复；克服；解决
经典佳句
Seek out ways to get ahead and begin making plans.
寻找获得成功的方法,并且开始做计划。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）By the time I ________________________，I had been quite out of breath.
等爬到山顶的时候，我已经上气不接下气了。
got to the top of the hill
（2）He wondered how they would ____________________.
他想知道他们会怎么解决那个问题。
get over that problem
（3）I don't know how poor people ____________________________.
我不知道穷人是怎样熬过那些寒冬的。
got through those cold winters
知识点16 that引导同位语从句
（P8）According to them，there is a danger that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends.
在他们看来,我可能无法判断这些朋友是不是真正的朋友,这是危险的。
知识拓展
句中的that I may not be able to tell whether these friends are real friends是that引导的同位语从句,用来解释说明a danger的内容。
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句,常常跟在fact、idea、opinion、news、hope、belief等名词后面,用来说明这些名词表示的具体内容。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）______________ our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
The news that
（2）_____________ you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这项工作的想法是完全错误的。
The idea that
（3）People used to hold ______________ the earth was the center of the universe.
人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。
the belief that
名师点拨
that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,不可省略。
知识点17 so that引导目的状语从句
（P9）I am always attentive in all classes and think actively，so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school.
我在所有课上一直专心听讲并积极思考，以便放学后我能有更多可支配的时间做其他我感兴趣的事情。
知识拓展
句中的so that引导目的状语从句，表示“为了……；以便……”，相当于in order that，常和can、could、be able to连用。
so ...that ...句型的常见形式：
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+a（n）+n.（单数可数名词）+that...
so+many/few/much/little（少）...+n.（复数可数
名词/不可数名词）+that...
such ...that ...句型的常见形式：
such+a（n）+adj.+n.（单数可数名词）+that...
such+adj.+n.（复数可数名词/不可数名词）+that...
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.
我会把所有事实都告诉你，以便你自己做出判断。
Dalian is such an attractive place that/Dalian is so attractive a place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方，以至于每年都有很多游客前来观光旅游。
名师点拨
当“so/such ...that ...”句型中的so/such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装，即把主句中的be动词/助动词/情态动词提到主语前面。 that引导的结果状语从句不倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）His idea was _____ a good one that we all agreed to use it.
such
（2）He swam so fast _____ nobody could catch up with him in Men's 200 m
Freestyle.
that
（3）He earned ____ little money that he couldn't afford a house.
so
Ⅱ.句型转换
（4）This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.
→This is ____________________________ you should attend it.（such...that...）
such an important meeting that
知识点18 make+宾语+宾语补足语
（P9）It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together.
努力（和伙伴们）一起实现团队目标总让我感到兴奋。
知识拓展
句中的makes me excited是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,此处用形容词作宾语补足语。
在make的复合结构中，常用不带to的动词不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、动词-ed形式、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
名师点拨
make sb/sth do结构如果用于被动语态,必须加to。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）He makes the boy ________（stand） all the time.
standing
（2）Can you make it ________（suit） for children
suitable
（3）Our teacher makes us _____（feel） more confident.
feel
（4）The strange noise made us __________（frighten）.
frightened
动词不定式
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Unfortunately，the doctors don't know how to make me better，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.
2.Even after all that，no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.
3.I am happy to have found many things I can do，like writing and computer programming.
4.My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.
5.I consider him to be a very good teacher.
（2）第2句中的动词不定式to know为真正的______，前面的it为__________。
主语
形式主语
（3）第3句中的to have found为动词不定式的________，作______。
完成式
状语
（4）第4句中的动词不定式to work作______。
表语
（5）第5句中的动词不定式to be作____________。
宾语补足语
我的发现
（1） 第1句中的how to make为“________+动词不定式”结构，作动词know
的______；to adapt为动词不定式的________，作动词learn的______。
疑问词
宾语
一般式
宾语
探究点1 动词不定式的时态和语态
动词不定式to do有时态和语态的变化。时态共四种形式,即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式;语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing —
完成进行式 to have been doing —
探究点2 动词不定式的用法
1.动词不定式作主语
To stop the work now seems impossible.
现在停止工作似乎不可能。
注意：很多时候为了避免头重脚轻的现象，常用it 作形式主语，而把动词不定式移到句子的后面。
It isn't right to gossip about others.
说别人的闲话是不对的。
2.动词不定式作宾语
She failed to finish the assignment in time， and she was worried about it.
她没有及时完成任务，她对此感到很担心。
I can't afford to buy a car.
我买不起小汽车。
注意：
（1）动词help可接不带to的动词不定式作宾语。
Regular exercise will help （to） improve your health.
经常进行锻炼将会改善你的健康。
（2）动词不定式可以与连接代/副词连用。
I don't know how to do it.
我不知道怎么做。
3.动词不定式作定语
I have a lot of work to do.
我有很多工作要做。
He was the first athlete to get to the finishing line.
他是第一个到达终点的选手。
You are invited to a party to be held at 7：00 pm tomorrow.
你被邀请参加明天晚上七点举行的晚会。
4.动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因、结果等。
A group of young people got together to discuss this question.
一群年轻人聚集在一起讨论这个问题。
He was delighted to see his old friend again.
再次见到他的老朋友，他感到很高兴。
He was too young to finish this task.
他太年轻而无法完成这项任务。
To tell you the truth，the film was a great disappointment to me.
说实在的，那部影片使我大为失望。
5.动词不定式作表语
My goal is to win the game.
我的目标就是赢得比赛。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
6.动词不定式作宾语补足语
Our teachers often encourage us to study hard.
我们的老师常常鼓励我们努力学习。
名师点拨
动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义的几种情况:
（1）在there be结构中,当名词和其后置定语构成动宾关系时；
There is a lot of homework to do.
有许多家庭作业要做。
There is no time to waste.
没有时间可浪费。
（2）在“主语+ be + adj.+ to do”结构中,当主语和动词不定式构成动宾关系时；
常用的这类形容词有easy、 difficult、 hard、 impossible、 nice、 pleasant、 light、 heavy、 interesting、 important、 expensive、 cheap、 fit、 dangerous等。
The work is easy to do.
这项工作很容易做。
（3）在“with + n.+ to do”结构中；
With nothing to do, he lay in bed.
他无事可做，躺在床上。
（4）当动词不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时；
I have a letter to type today.（I是type的逻辑主语）
我有一封信要录入。
Do you have anything to say （you是say的逻辑主语）
你有什么要说的吗？
（5）一些作表语的动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义：
常见的这类动词有let（出租）、 rent、 hire、 blame等。
The apartment is to let.
房屋出租。
I felt I was to blame.
我感觉我要受指责。
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The good news made us _______（excite）.
excited
2.The news _____ his health was failing made us sad.
that
3.We can see the mountain from the ________（distant）.
distance
4.Prices tended _______（rise） year by year，but at a modest rate.
to rise
5.It was a great ____________（convenient） to have the doctor living near us.
convenience
6.She made the children glad in a _______（vary） of ways.
variety
7.Unexpected difficulties ______（arise） in the course of their experiment.
arose
8.The economy is expected __________ （recover）.
to recover
9.Against all ____________（expect），the play was greatly welcomed.
expectations
10.I enjoy doing something more ___________（challenge）.
challenging
Ⅱ.选词填空
tend to；set out；a wide range of；according to；from time to time；all in all；in
person；social media；get ahead；all the time
1.His daughters visited him _________________ when he was ill.
from time to time
2.In Britain today we________ consider old age as a social problem.
tend to
3.If all goes ____________the plan，the first concert will be held on Tuesday
evening.
according to
4.We _______ to find the truth behind the mystery.
set out
5.He developed ________________ sporting interests as a pupil.
a wide range of
6.__________,young people should be forward-looking.
All in all
7.They are rivals, always competing to __________of each other.
get ahead
8.If you like this article, then please share it on your____________．
social media
9.He stayed with me ____________ that night.
all the time
10.You may apply for the job__________or by letter.
in person
Ⅲ.句型转换
1.It seems that he is eating something.（变为简单句）
→_______________________________
He seems to be eating something.
2.To study two languages is very hard.（用it作形式主语）
→___________________________________
It's very hard to study two languages.
3.The boss made them work the whole night.（变为被动语态）
→__________________________________________________
They were made to work the whole night by the boss.
4.It is known that she has been working on the problem for many years.（变为简单
句）
→______________________________________________________________
She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.
