外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud! Section B Using language课件(共105张PPT)

(共105张PPT)
Unit 1
Laugh out loud!
Section B
Using language
课前预习
知识体系图解
一、重点词汇
1. ____________ adj.极其重要的，必不可少的
2. ____________ v.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象
3. deserve v. __________________
4. grin v. _________________________
essential
应得，应受到
impress　
露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑
二、重点短语
1. long face ______________________
2. laughing stock ___________________
3. crack a smile ____________________
4. practical joke ____________________
5. come true ______________________
愁眉苦脸
笑料，笑柄　
笑了起来
恶作剧　　
实现
6. 叫醒；醒来 __________________________
7. 对……感到满意 ________________________
8. 拿走；夺走 ____________________________
9. 建造；搭起 ____________________________
10. 仰望；查找 ___________________________
wake up　
be pleased/satisfied with
take away
put up
look up
三、重点句式
Discuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.
四、重点语法
非限制性定语从句
释义搭配
1.essential　 A. the state of being known or talked about by many people
2.impress B. causing people to feel strong emotions
3.deserve C. to have earned sth by good or bad actions or behaviour
4.fame D. completely necessary
5.emotive E. to have a favourable effect on sb
单句语法填空
1. The project，_________ lasted three years，cost no less than $1 billion.
2. The novel，____________ I read last night，is very interesting.
3. The novel is very interesting，__________ makes me very excited.
which
which
which
4. She has a younger brother，__________ is an English teacher.
5. He did it successfully，_______ had been expected.
who　
as
课文呈现
Using language
■
Non-defining attributive clauses
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
1
a I walk through the doors into the waiting area，where there′s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
b ... laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better， which means clown doctors can be helpful.
c I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened.
1 What do “where”“which” and “when” refer to in each sentence
In sentence (a)，“where，refers to “waiting area” ；in sentence (b)，“which”，refers to“... laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better”； in sentence (c)，“when” refers to “time”.
2 Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information If you take away the clauses，do the sentences still make sense
Sentence (c) contains a clause with essential information. If we take away the clause，the sentence doesn′t make sense. Sentences (a) and (b) contain clauses with extra information. If we take away the clauses，the sentences still make sense.
3 Which clauses are separated by a comma，the ones with essential information or the ones with extra information
The clauses with extra information are separated by commas.
Now look for more sentences with non-defining attributive clauses in the reading passage，and summarise their uses in your own words.
Read the passage and rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses. Add more tips to the list if you can.
2
SECRETS TO HAPPINESS
Achieving a positive state of mind isn′t easy for everyone. But there are ways to maintain a healthy mind even during times of difficulty.
Go for a walk in the countryside. There you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
Spend time with your family and friends. This will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
Try to accept your mistakes. You can learn a lot through them.
Close your eyes and picture the future. You′ve made your dreams come true.
Go for a walk in the countryside，where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
Spend time with your family and friends，which will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
Try to accept your mistakes，through which you can learn a lot.
Close your eyes and picture the future，where you′ve made your dreams come true.
Complete the joke with the sentence parts in the box using who/ which and put commas in the correct position.
3
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
One day，Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson go camping. They put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep. Suddenly，in the middle of the night，Watson is woken upby Holmes 1____________________________. “Watson，”Holmes says，“look up at the stars，and tell me what they tell you.”
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
who is lying next to him
Not quite sure what he means，Watson thinks Holmes is joking 2______________ at this time of night. Even so，he replies， “see millions of stars and it′s quite likely there are some planets like Earth. And if so， this means that there might also be life on other planets.” Watson is pleased with his answer 3________________________.
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
which he finds annoying
which he thinks will impress Holmes
But Holmes 4________________________ shouts，“Watson，look around you! Use your eyes! Somebody′s stolen our tent!”.
has lost his patience by now
he thinks will impress Holmes
is lying next to him
he finds annoying
who has lost his patience by now
Think of a joke you find funny and write it down using non-defining attributive clauses where appropriate. Then share your joke with the class.
4
Fun time !
Listen and complete the conversations.
5
Match the expressions you have completed in Activity 5 to their meanings.
6
________________________：a person that everyone laughs at because they have done something funny or silly
________________________： to look friendly and happy， especially when other people are not expecting you to
________________________：to look extremely happy because you are very pleased about something
________________________： to smile slightly
________________________： to laugh very loudly and for a long time
Now work in groups and think of more expressions about laughter.
Work in pairs. Discuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.
7
Listen to the radio programme and choose the pictures mentioned.
8
Listen again and complete the notes.
9
Now work in pairs. Discuss which of the practical jokes you think is funny.
Complete the boxes with expressions from the radio programme.
10
Telling a story Making comments
Work in pairs. Tell each other a funny story and make comments using the expressions in this section.
11
Now give feedback on each other′s stories and help your partner to improve theirs.
考点精讲
重点词汇
1. If you take away the clauses，do the sentences still make sense
如果你去掉从句，这些句子还有意义吗
【词汇精讲】
句中的make sense意为“有道理，合乎情理；可以理解；讲得通”。
Eg. The reason why he was late doesn′t make sense.
他迟到的理由讲不通。
He talked a lot at the meeting，but it didn′t make any sense to me.
他在会上谈了很多，但我一句也没有听懂。
【词汇拓展】
a sense of humour 幽默感
a sense of security 安全感
a sense of direction 方向感
a sense of fear 恐惧感
the moral sense 道德观念
sixth sense 第六感觉；直觉
common sense 常识
make sense of 弄懂；理解
in a/one sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不
There is no sense in (doing) sth 做某事毫无意义
Eg. Mr. Blake is well known in the school because of his good sense of humor.
布莱克先生在学校里很有名，因为他很有幽默感。
Provided you didn′t try to make sense of it，it sounded beautiful.
只要不非得弄懂它的意思，它听上去还是很美的。
【介词填空】
(1) There is no sense ______buying expensive clothes for children.
(2) This will help you make sense ______ everything you feel you need to do.
(3) _____ no sense are people allowed to hunt wild animals for their meat or fur.
in
of
In
2. You′ve made your dreams come true.
你已经实现了你的梦想。
【词汇精讲】
句中的come true意为“实现，成真；变为现实”。
Eg. His wish to visit China has at last come true.
他要访华的愿望终于实现了。
Who do you want to thank when your dream come true
当你梦想实现的时候，你想要感谢谁
【词汇拓展】
come about 发生，产生，实现
come across 穿过；偶然碰到；偶然发现
come along 一起来；一道走；进展；出现
come up 回来；被回忆起，被想起
come from 来自；长于；源出于
come off 脱落；从……掉下
come on 向前，跟着来；进展,发展
come out of 从……出来；由……引起
come to 到达，来到；合计，共计；达到
come up with 找到(答案)；拿出(一笔钱等)
come out 出来；出现；出版
【名师点睛】
come true和realize都有“实现”之意，不同的是come true不能用于被动语态，其主语通常是“希望、理想、梦想、愿望”等；而realize的主语一般是人，若用上述名词作主语，realize应用被动语态。
Eg. We will realize our dreams.
我们将要实现我们的梦想。
Our dreams will be realized.(＝Our dreams will come true.)
我们的梦想会实现。
【完成句子】
(1) 他想给父母买一栋大房子的愿望还没有实现。
His wish to buy a big house for his parents hasn′t _____ _____________.
(2)当我整理你桌子的时候,偶然发现了这封信。
When I was tidying your desk，It ______________ his letter
come true
came across
(3) 有几位成员提出了自己的建议。
Several members have ______________ suggestions of their own.
come up with
3. Not quite sure what he means，Watson thinks Holmes is joking，which he finds annoying at this time of night.
华生不太明白他的意思，他认为福尔摩斯是在开玩笑，他觉得这个时候(开玩笑)很烦人。
【词汇精讲】
annoying 为形容词，表示“使恼怒的；烦恼的”。
Eg. It′s annoying that we didn′t know about this before.
令人恼火的是，我们以前并不知道这事。
【词汇拓展】
annoy v. 使恼怒，使生气
annoyed adj. 恼怒，生气，烦恼
be annoyed with sb 对某人生气
be annoyed at/about sth 因某事生气
sb is annoyed that... 某人恼怒的是……
Eg. I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.
我能明白，他做这一切就是为了烦我。
She was annoyed with Duncan for forgetting to phone.
邓肯忘了打电话，这让她很生气。
Mr Davis was annoyed that the books were missing.
那些书不见了，戴维斯先生很懊恼。
【单句语法填空】
(1) He __________ (annoy) his mother for being so rude to their neighbors.
(2) She was annoyed _________ her husband for coming back home late.
(3) The _________ (annoy)thing is that some bosses look down upon their staff.
annoyed
with
annoying
(4) I bet she was annoyed ___________ having to write it out again.
at/about
4. Watson is pleased with his answer，which he thinks will impress Holmes. (教材P5)
华生对他的回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻的印象。
【词汇精讲】
impress 为及物动词，表示“使钦佩，使留下深刻印象”。
Eg. Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
我的一生，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫。
【词汇拓展】
impress sb with/by sth 某事给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth on/upon sb 使某人意识到(重要性等)
impression n.印象；印记
leave/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下…的印象
impressive adj.令人印象深刻的；感人的
Eg. She impressed the audience with a beautiful song on the stage.
她在舞台上演唱那首优美的歌曲给观众留下了深刻印象。
My words made no impression on her.
我的话没有给她留下任何印象。
【单句语法填空】
(1) Williams was impressed ____________ the standard of work.
(2) She was very ___________ (impress) in the interview，which made it possible for her to get the job.
with/by
impressive
(3) 老师使我意识到立刻行动的重要性。
The teacher ________________________________ of immediate actions.
【完成句子】
impressed on/upon me the importance
5. We all deserve a second chance，I guess.
我想我们都应该再得到一次机会。
【词汇精讲】
deserve 为动词，意为“应得，应受到”。
Eg. The article deserves careful study.
这篇文章值得仔细研究。
The heroic deeds deserve to be recorded in letters of gold.
英勇的事迹值得大书特书。
【词汇拓展】
deserve it 应得的；活该
deserve to do sth 值得/应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得/应该被……
deserve well/ill of sb 应该受到某人好的/坏的对待
Eg. You deserve to be sent to prison for what you have done.
按你的所作所为来讲，你应该被送进监狱。
The proposal he put forward deserves considering.
他提出的建议值得考虑。
【名师点睛】
deserve后接动词-ing为主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式to be done。有此类用法的词还有表示“需要”的need，want，require等。
【一句多译 】
你的计划值得讨论。
(1)Your plan________________________________.
(2)Your plan________________________________.
(3)Your plan________________________________.
deserves to be discussed
deserves discussing
deserves discussion
重点句式
Discuss other situations in which you could use these expressions.
讨论可以使用这些表达式的其他情况。
【句式剖析】
该句中in which引导定语从句，修饰situations。
Eg. You may find yourself in situations in which you have to introduce yourself.
你或许会发现你处于必须要做自我介绍的情况之下。
Adults must learn not to cry in situations in which it is permissible for a child to cry.
在许多情况下，孩子是可以哭的，而成年人不得不克制哭。
【句式拓展】
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
(1)在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，若先行词是人或物，紧接在介词后的关系代词分别使用whom或which，不能使用who或 that。
The games in which he competed were swimming and shooting.
他参加的竞赛项目是游泳和射击。(which不能换为that)
(2)不是所有的介词都能提到从句句首。一般地说，若定语从句中的某些短语动词或固定词组后的介词与动词之间关系较为密切，动词后的介词则不可提至从句句首。因为若将介词提前，其中的短语动词或词组则会失去它们本身的意义或可能使句子产生歧义，如look after，look for等。
This is the pen which I′m looking for.
(不说：This is the pen for which I′m looking.)
这就是我正在寻找的那支笔。
(3)“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的选用主要有三条原则：
①根据与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来考虑。
Have you met the person about whom he was speaking
他提到的那个人你见到过吗
②根据与先行词的习惯搭配或意义来考虑。
The farm on which we worked ten years ago isn′t what it used to be.
十年前我们工作过的那个农场已不是过去的样子了。
③根据句子的具体含义来考虑。
The pen with which he is writing now was bought yesterday.
他现在写字用的那支笔是昨天买的。
【单句语法填空】
(1) China is a beautiful country，______ which we are greatly proud.
(2)This is the student by ______ my daughter was saved.
(3)He built a telescope through ________ he could study the skies.
(4)The person ______ whom you should write is Mr. Ball.
of
whom
which
to
重点语法
非限制性定语从句
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句在句中主要起补充说明作用，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开，独立存在，缺失也不会影响整个句子的意思。
1. who 引导的非限制性定语从句
Eg. Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.
我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大人,烹调好极了。
2. whom 引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词 whom 用于指人，在句中作动词或介词宾语。
Eg. Peter，whom you met in London，is now back in Paris.
彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。
3. whose引导的非限制性定语从句
whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。
Eg. The boy，whose father is an engineer，studies very hard.
那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。
4. which引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
(1) which指代主句中的名词。
Eg. These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not had any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽种的，还没有结过果实。
Water，which is a kind of clear liquid，has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
(2) which 指代主句中的某个从句。
Eg. He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.
他说以前从没见过她，这不是真的。
(3) which 指代整个主句。
In the presence of so many people he was a little tense，which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
5. when 引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。
Eg. He will put off the picnic until May 1st，when he will be free.
他将把郊游推迟到5月1日，那时他将有空。
6. where引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。
Eg. They went to London，where they lived for six months.
他们去了伦敦，在那儿住了六个月。
7. as引导的非限制性定语从句
as 在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间，通常由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如…，就像…”之意。
Eg. As is known to the Americans，Mark Twain is a great American writer.
美国人都知道，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)
He is absorbed in work，as he often was.
他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)
As we all know，the earth is round.
众所周知，地球是圆的。 (as在从句中作宾语)
8.“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。
Eg. They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines，without which the yield would be halved.
他们缺搭葡萄藤架的杆儿，没有它们产量会减少一半。
They thanked Tom，without whose support they would not have succeeded.
他们感谢了汤姆，如果没有他的支持他们不会成功。
9.“名词/代词＋of＋which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
It now has 20,000 hectares of land，more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation.
现在它拥有两万公顷土地，其中超过三分之二已经耕种。
10. 非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况
(1) 非限制性定语从句不可用that引导。
The famous basketball star，who tried to make a comeback，attracted a lot of attention.
这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的注意。
(2)关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略，若指人时，只用whom，不用who。
York，which I visited last year，is a nice old city.
我去年访问过约克，那是个古老而美丽的城市。
(3) 非限制性定语从句不可用why引导，需用for which替代why。
None of us accepted the reason he explained，for which he was absent.
我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。
随堂练习
一、单词拼写
1. Setting goals is the _________(必不可少的) part to achieving success in any area.
2. Here are some easy ways for you to _________ (留下深刻印象) your classmates or teachers.
essential
impress
3. You __________ (应得) a rest after the hard work you have done.
4. He was _________ (咧嘴笑)from ear to ear when I saw him.
5. I found it really _________ (令人恼火的) not to be able to communicate.
deserve
grinning
annoying
二、翻译句子
1. 他的演讲如此出色，我们都被打动了。
2. 我觉得这不公平，我认为我应该再得到一次机会。
His speech was so impressive that we were deeply impressed by it.
I felt that it was not fair，and I believed I deserved a second chance.
3. 你为什么愁眉苦脸 发生什么事了
4. 有几个男孩喜欢对她搞恶作剧。
Why do you pull a long face What has happened to you
Some boys are fond of playing practical jokes on her.
5. 为了让他的妻子展颜微笑，这位男子愿意做任何事情。
The man was willing to do anything to make his wife crack a smile.
三、语法填空
1.____________ (cover) one third of the Earth′s surface，grasslands sometimes 2._____________ (know) by many names，such as savannah or plains.
The health of grasslands depends 3.____________ how much animals feed on native plants. If too many animals feed on the plants，the area could become a desert. But too little feeding can also be bad for grasslands.
Covering
are known
on/upon
The Great Plains，4.________are famous for supporting large cattle ranches (畜牧场)，cover a large area in the middle of the United States. 5.____________(make) their businesses more successful by feeding more cattle and sheep without destroying the environment of grasslands，a growing number of local ranchers are joining with 6. ____________ (environment) groups willingly nowadays.
which
To make　
environmental
7. ____________ (compare) with the ranchers，these groups pay more attention to the 8.___________ (protect) of the health of grasslands. And one of their 9. _______ (goal) is to protect native plants and animals.
After years of effort，they have increased the income (收入)for local ranches，and at 10.________ same time，they have protected the Great Plains.
Compared
protection
goals
the
本课结束
This lesson is over
THANKS!