人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 2 Iconic Attractions Discover useful structures 过去分词公开课课件(共51张PPT)

(共51张PPT)
Unit 2
Iconic Attractions
Discovering useful structures
—the past participle as attribute, predicate, adverbial or object complement
非谓语之过去分词
1. To learn the functions of past participle ved.
2. To tell the difference between ved and ving.
3. To learn how to analyze sentence structures.
Learning aims
理论基础
1. 一个英语句子有且仅有一个谓语动词。
（so 谓语动词的个数=句子的个数）
2. 英语句子：
简单句（一个句子构成）
复合句（由连词连接2个及以上句子构成）
作谓语的ved
1.have/has/had+ved 构成完成时
2.be+ved 构成被动语态
(不能单独使用)
Since 2019, our life has changed a great deal.
What you said will be recorded and sent to the police.
非谓语动词
ving
ved
to do
表主动和进行
表被动或完成
表将要或目的
作非谓语的ved
动向一、过去分词短语作定语用法Attribute
动向二、过去分词短语作表语用法Predicative
动向三、过去分词短语作宾补用法Object Complement
动向四、过去分词短语作状语用法Adverbial
一、过去分词高考考向归纳
①Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
②...I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture， food， and way of life.
③Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground， among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
④A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
⑤I tried to learn how to play it， but after trying for hours， I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！
⑥Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture， minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture， with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
二、分析下面句子中的动词过去分词在句子中充当的成分。(TextbookP17)
attribute定语, adverbial状语, predicative表语, object complement宾补
动词ved作状语
动词ved作表语
动词ved作后置定语
动词ved作（前置）定语
动词ved作表语
动词ved作宾补
Part 1 过去分词作定语【3mins】
1.意义
2.位置
3.作定语时，过去分词和现在分词的区分
4.过去分词的其他形式：现在分词-ing和不定式to do的被动语态
5.即时演练
三、过去分词作定语难点突破
a ___________(pollute) river 一条被污染的河流
=The river has been polluted.
a _______________(organize well) trip组织有序的旅行
=The trip has been organized well.
___________(fall) leaves 落叶
= The leaves have fallen.
the___________(rise) sun 升起的太阳
=The sun has risen.
1.意义：
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；
不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动（vi.无被动语态）
相当于一个adj.
polluted
well-organized
fallen
risen
三、过去分词作定语难点突破
2.位置：
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后；其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The West Lake is a ___________( know well) tourist attraction.
He is one of those _______( invite).
The student ________( dress) in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
well-known
invited
dressed
前置定语
后置定语，表强调
分词短语后置
三、过去分词作定语难点突破
1.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即 放在被修饰词之前。
2.有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。
3.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后；其作用相当于一个定语从句。
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
a well-organised trip组织有序的旅行
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；
不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动（vi.无被动语态）
The West Lake is a well-known tourist attraction.
He is one of those invited.
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
相当于一个adj.
（1）语态不同：过去分词-ed表示被动；动词-ing形式表示主动。
The question (discuss) was very important.
The boy (speak) at the meeting is Tom’s brother.
名师点津：作定语时，ved和ving的区别
discussed
speaking
（2）时间关系上不同：
动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
the (change) world 变化着的世界
the (change) 改变了的世界
the (boil) water 沸腾的水 the (boil) water开水
the (develop) countries发展中国家
the (develop) countries发达国家
changing
changed
boiling
boiled
developing
developed
名师点津: 现在分词-ing和不定式to do的被动语态
built
being built
The building (build)last year is our classroom building.
The building (build) now is our classroom building.
The building (build)next month is our classroom building.
　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 将来
to be built
　用所给动词的适当形式填空【三维P34】
①In 1985， urban城市的 men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 　studied　 （study研究） had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
②The trees 　blown　 （blow） down in the storm have been moved off the road.
③She threw me a quick and 　frightened　 （frighten） glance at the scary animal.
④Have all the guests 　been served　 （serve） with food and drinks？
studied　
blown　
frightened　
been served　
blow--blew--blown　
现在完成时的一般疑问句
四、过去分词作表语难点突破
She looked (disappoint).她看上去很失望。
We were (encourage) at the news.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
过去分词用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
系表结构
The book is well written.这本书写得很好。
The book was written by a soldier. 这本书是一位士兵写的。
句 为“主系表结构”，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态；
句为“被动语态”, be动词为助动词与过去分词done强调主语所承受的动作(be/get/become done by)。
disappointed
encouraged
Part 2 过去分词作表语【3mins】
1.系表结构
2.形容词化的ved
3.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
4.即时演练
四、过去分词作表语难点突破
She looked (disappoint).
她看上去很失望。
We were (encourage) at the news.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
过去分词用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
系动词有哪些
disappointed
encouraged
状态“是” be
持续“继续或保持” keep, remain, stay, lie
表像“看起来像” seem, appear, look
感官 look,feel, smell, sound, taste
变化“变成......” become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run
终止 prove“证明是，结果是”
？
系表结构
1.与感觉有关的及物动词:
v-ing形式表主动，指物，即“令人有某种感觉的”；
v-ed形式表被动，指人(音容笑貌)，即“人被引起某种感觉的”
2.有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有delighted、 drunk、amused、 disappointed、 discouraged、 astonished、 hurt、 interested、 crowded、 tired、 satisfied、 pleased、 surprised、 worried、 excited、 married、 puzzled、 upset等。
We were at the news.(surprise使吃惊，使惊喜)
His words were ,which made many people .
(discourage使泄气，使灰心)
surprised　
surprising　
discouraging
discouraged
名师点津：形容词化的动词v-ed
句 为“ ”，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态；
句为“ ”, be动词为助动词(be/get/become done by)与过去分词done强调主语所承受的动作。
名师点津：过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
The book is well written.这本书写得很好。
The book was written by a soldier.
这本书是一位士兵写的。
被动语态
主系表结构
　用所给动词的适当形式填空【三维P35】
①Ecotourism is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 　educated　 （educate） about the areas.
②In April，thousands of holiday makers度假者 remained 　stuck　 （stick卡住） due to因为 the earthquake.
③She said that our teacher was 　sat isfied　 （satisfy） with our performances.
④The weather this summer is 　disappoin ting　 （disappoint）.
⑤You must follow the directions exactly and if you become 　confused　 （confuse）， you must take the time to go back again and reread them.
⑥It feels quite 　relaxing　 （relax） to take a bath after work.
educated　
stuck　
satisfied　
disappointing　
confused　
relaxing　
stick--stuck/sticked-stuck/sticked　
Part 3 过去分词作宾补【3mins】
1.复合宾语
2.动+宾+宾补
3.介+宾+宾补
4.即时演练
五、过去分词作宾语补足语难点突破
1.过去分词作宾语补足语,与宾语一起构成复合宾语:说明宾语的状态或性质，它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语，作宾语补足语的多是及物动词【表被动和完成】。
2.动+宾+宾补：
（1）make、 get、 have、 keep、leave等 ；
（2）see、 hear、 feel、 find、observe等表示 的动词；
（3）(would) like、 want、 wish、 order、expect等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
3.“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
4.过去分词作宾语补足语时，如果变为被动语态，那么过去分词在句中就作主语补足语。Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
使役动词
感官和心理状态
　用所给动词的适当形式填空/完成句子【三维P36】
①But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 　astonished　 （astonish）.
②He tried to make himself 　understood（understand）by his students in class.
③He wanted his name 　included　 （include） in the list.
④Before driving into the city，you are required to 　get/have your car washed .
在驾车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

⑤The boy 　had his leg broken　 while playing football.
这个男孩在踢足球时摔断了腿。（自己的经历）
He had his moneyincluded　（steal）.
他的钱被偷了。（被别人偷去了）

astonished　
understood
included　
get/have your car washed
had his leg broken　
stolen
四大名“使”
let和get较为随意，常用于口语等较为随意的场合（即使在书面见到，多半也出现于对话中）。
而make相对于have，多了一点点/一丢丢“强制、强迫”的味道，可能会造成一些较敏感人士的反感，此时用have就比较保险。
但“使某人做某事”
make/have/let sb do; get sb to do
understand-understood-understood
break-broke-broken
steal-stole-stolen
Part 3 过去分词作状语【2mins】
1.与状语从句互换
2.过去分词作状语，表被动
3.过去分词作状语，表状态
4.即时演练
六、过去分词短语作状语难点突破
过去分词(短语)作状语，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，
表示时间，可转换为when、 while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
表示原因，可转换为as、 since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
表示条件，可转换为if、 once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
表示让步，可转换为although、 though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
表示方式或伴随情况，一般可转换为并列结构。
　
　
　
　
　
1.分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词。
其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系【被动】。
Greatly interested， I asked how he played these new works.
Given good health， I hope to finish the work this year.
The scientist Tu Youyou came in， followed by her assistant.
When seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.
(interest)
(give)
(follow)
(see)
名师点津：过去分词作状语，表被动
有些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。常见的有：
lost （迷路）、 seated （坐）、 hidden （躲）、 stationed （驻扎）、 lost/absorbed in （沉溺于）、 born （出生）、 dressed in （穿着）、 tired of （厌烦）。
名师点津：过去分词作状语
(lose/absorb) in deep thought， he didn’t hear the sound.
沉溺于思考之中，他没听到那个声音。
in this beautiful town， he hates to leave it.
出生在这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开。
Lost/Absorbed　
Born
　同义句转换
　①Given another chance， he will do better.
→ 　If he is given　 another chance， he will do better.
②Laughed at by many people， he continued his study.
→ 　Although/Though he was laughed at　 by many people， he continued his study.
③Satisfied with what he did， the teacher praised him in class.
→ 　Because the teacher was satisfied with　 what he did， she praised him in class.
If he is given　
Although/Though he was laughed at　
Because the teacher was satisfied with　
【三维P37】
真题链接：
（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___________ (fall) child.
（2022全国甲卷） ___________ (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
（2021新高考I卷）Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ___________ (astonish).
（2021新高考II卷）I was so ___________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
fallen　
Inspired　
held
astonished
excited
Homework【小黄本P137】
维度一~三
维度一：单句语法填空
1.Technological innovations， 　combined　 （combine） with good marketing， will promote the sales of these products.
2. 　Completed　 （complete） in 1931， the Empire State Building， the highest skyscraper until 1954， inspired the imagination of the world.
3.There were many people waiting at the bus stop， and some of them looked very anxious and 　disappointed　 （disappoint）.
combined　
Completed　
disappointed　
4.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa， Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother 　taken　 （take） good care of at home.
5.The book， 　entitled　 （entitle） New Practical Chinese， is intended for beginners at your level.
6.He enjoyed complete 　freedom　 （free） to do as he wished.
7.The police hired two 　divers　 （dive） to search the waters where the thief had thrown the wallet.
8.We will sit on the grass and enjoy the tasty food and drinks provided by 　sponsors　 （sponsor）.
taken　
entitled　
freedom　
divers　
sponsors　
维度二：语法与写作
1.随着假期临近，我的同学们变得越来越兴奋。（过去分词作表语）
　With the holiday approaching，my classmates are becoming more and more excited.　
2.因为担心即将到来的考试，有些同学学习到深夜。（过去分词短语作状语）
　Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.　
　With the holiday approaching，my classmates are becoming more and more excited.　
Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.　
3.我的同桌不想浪费时间，所以他经常让人把饭带到教室里来。（过去分词作宾语补足语）
　My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.　
4.他经常做一些从网上下载的练习题。（过去分词短语作定语）
　He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.　
5.决心向他学习，我也开始在教室吃饭。但是我因为在英语课上吃东西被惩罚了。（过去分词短语作状语、作表语）
　Determined to learn from him， I also began to eat in the classroom， but I got/was punished for eating in the English class.　
　My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.　
He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.　
　Determined to learn from him， I also began to eat in the classroom， but I got/was punished for eating in the English class.　
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给词的适当形式完成下面短文。
1. 　Knowing　 （know） that you are coming to my hometown for a visit， I am extremely 2. 　excited　 （excite） for I have been looking forward to 3. 　seeing　 （see） you for a long time.Let me introduce my city to you.
Knowing　
excited　
seeing　
4. 　Located　 （locate） in the southwest of Shandong Province， Qufu is a city with a pleasant climate.With small hills 5. 　surrounding　 （surround） it，the city has beautiful scenery.However， it is its culture that 6. 　attracts　 （attract） tourists from home and abroad.There are many historical sites in Qufu， but the Confucius Temple and the Confucius Family Mansion are the most 7. 　visited　 （visit） tourist attractions.Once you step into the Confucius Temple，you will find yourself 8. 　surrounded　 （surround） by ancient houses 9. 　dating　 （date） back hundreds of years.Most of the visitors will find themselves 10. 　fascinated　 （fascinate） by the traditional Chinese culture.
Located　
surrounding　
attracts　
visited　
surrounded　
dating　
fascinated　
高考链接
1.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions.
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.
3.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message (intend) for everyone.
4.（2023浙江1月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
5.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
6.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
7.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
8.（2019北京卷）Earth Day, __________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
9.（2024上 高三课时练习）Though ___________ (warn) again and again, the young man still drove after drinking, leading to his being fined.
10.（2023上 江苏 高三考阶段练习）___________ (equip) with an intelligent computer brain, a robot can give us information within seconds.
1.(2022新高考卷读后续写)默默地埋着头，我看得出来这个小男孩是多么的沮丧和心碎。
1.With his head silently buried, I could tell how frustrated and heart-broken this little boy was.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
2. (2022新高考卷读后续写)被我的话鼓舞了，大卫看着我，他可爱的脸上挂着大大的笑容。
2.Encouraged by my words, David looked at me with his big toothy smile on his lovely face.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
3. (2022新高考卷读后续写)大卫站起来，一动不动地走了，脸上带着坚定的表情，没有看我一眼。
3.David stood up and walked away still without looking at me, a determined look on his face.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
4.所有的目光都集中在他身上，他小小的身体渐渐被茂密的森林吞噬。
4. (2022新高考卷读后续写)With all eyes fixed on him, his small body was gradually swallowed up by the thick forest.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
5. (2022新高考卷读后续写)看到这个沮丧的男孩，我感到心碎，决定改变现状。
5. (2022新高考卷读后续写)Seeing the frustrated boy, I felt my heart was broken and decided to change the situation.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
6. (2022新高考卷读后续写)看到他非常痛苦，我们几乎感觉到自己的血液凝固了。但他站了起来，继续往前跑。
6.Seeing him in great pain, we almost felt our blood frozen. But he rose to his feet and raced on.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
7. (2021新高考卷读后续写)我爸爸很吃惊，愣在地上，皱着眉头注视着现场。
7.Astonished, my father was rooted on the floor, staring at the scene with eyebrow frowning.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句
8. (2021新高考卷读后续写)看到这一片狼藉，我父亲吓得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的。
8.Seeing the mess, my father froze with shock, as if rooted on the ground.
用现在分词短语翻译下列各句