外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature Starting out & Understanding ideas课件(共95张PPT)

(共95张PPT)
Unit 5 Revealing nature
Section A　Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前预习
知识体系图解
一、重点词汇
1._______________ n.种子，籽
2._______________ adj.遥远的
3._______________ n.样本
4. _______________v.猜想，怀疑，觉得
seed
distant
sample
suspect
5.______________ n.(动物的)原种，祖先
6.generate v.____________________
7.disgrace n.____________________
8.geologist n.____________________
9.evolution n.____________________
ancestor
产生，创造
丢脸，耻辱
地质学家
进化(论)
二、重点短语
1. 追溯到 ____________________________
2. 与……相似 ________________________
3. 适应 _______________________________
4. 各种各样的 _________________________
5. 随着时间的推移 _____________________
date back to
be similar to
adapt to
a variety of
over time　
6. of all time __________________________
7. in question __________________________
8. be crowded with ______________________
9. come to exist ________________________
10. be regarded as _______________________
有史以来
被提及的；讨论中的；相关的
充满，满是
开始存在
被认为是
三、重点句式
1. ...but it was the birds that interested him the most.
2. How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
词汇拓展
1. distant→(n.)______________________
2. generate→(n.)_____________________
distance
generation
阅读导学
根据课文内容，回答下列问题。
1. Why was Charles Darwin a disgrace to himself and all his family ( )
A. Because he learned medical in the school.
B. Because he decided to visit distant countries.
C. Because he went for adventures after school.
D. Because he left medical school with no degree.
D
2. What′s Darwin′s favourite subject ( )
A. Long distance journey.
B. Living things.
C. Medical degree.
D. Natural environment.
D
3. What did Darwin discover first ( )
A. All species appeared at the same time.
B. All species had never changed.
C. Some species were very similar.
D. The evidence for changing environments.
A
4. Many factors affect the evolution except ________.
A. tools　　　　　 B. ancestor
C. environment D. food
5. How did the people then react to Darwin′s discovery first ( )
A. Respected.　B. Refused.　
C. Accepted.　D. Believed.
A
B
课文呈现
1
Look at the page from a science magazine and answer the questions.
1 What do you know about these animals What makes them special
2 What other similar animals do you know about Share your knowledge with the class.
Starting out

2
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 How can seeds travel How can this benefit plants
2 Can you think of another example of seeds travelling Share it with the class.
UNUSUAL ANIMALS TODAY
Komodo dragon:
Komodo dragons were first encountered by Western researchers in 1910.
The researchers said the ancestor of the Komodo dragon most likely evolved in Australia and spread westward，reaching the Indonesian island of Flores 900,000 years ago.
Duck-billed platypus：
The first scientists to examine a preserved platypus body judged it a fake in the late 18th century.
The oldest discovered fossil of the modern platypus dates back to about100.000 years ago.
Nautilus：
Fossil records indicate that the nautilus has survived relatively unchanged for around 500 million years. It is often considered a “living fossil”.
Understanding ideas
▼
Look at the evolutionary tree and answer the questions.
1
1 What species do you recognise in the picture
2 What factors can cause the process of evolution
Read the passage and talk about your understanding of the title.
2
A Journey of
Discovery
1 The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would “profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”. The person who answered the call was not the captain′s first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What′s more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”.
Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time.
2 The young man in question， Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals. He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist
3 At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think differently. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence.
4 When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
5 Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time，it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors.
6 It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species. It was not published unti1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life. They were shocked. But Darwin′s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
7 Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written，It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
Choose the main idea of the passage and give your reasons.
3
1 Darwin′s interest in various living things made him a great naturalist.
2 Darwin′s journey on the Beagle inspired his Theory of Evolution.
3 Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time.
Number the puzzle pieces in order. Organise information from the passage and complete them.
4
Now discuss why Darwin did not publish his Theory of Evolution until 1859，about twenty years after his discovery. Do further research if necessary.
Think Share
1 Why were many people “shocked” by Darwin′s theory
2 What kind of person was Darwin according to the passage
3 How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
4 What have you learnt about the spirit of scientific exploration How can this spirit help you in your life and studies
考点精讲
重点词汇
1. The oldest discovered fossil of the modern platypus dates back to about 100,000 years ago.
已发现的最古老的现代鸭嘴兽的化石可以追溯到大约10万年前。
【词汇精讲】
date back to 表示“起源于，追溯到”，相当于date from；常用一般现在时。
Eg. All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and dates back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.
所有物品都来自同一个遗址——三星堆遗址，它们可追溯到3 000至5 000 年前。
This building which has a long history can date back to the Ming Dynasty.
这座有着悠久历史的建筑可以追溯到明朝。
【名师点睛】
date back to 和 date from 一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用动词 -ing 形式。
【迁移应用】
一、完成句子
(1) 我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
My interest in stamp collecting __________________ ___________ my schooldays
dates from / dates back to
(2) 那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。
According to the expert，the temple has a history ____ _______________________________the early Tang Dynasty.
dating from / dating back to
2. As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist
当他研究这些时，他问自己一个问题：不同的物种是如何形成的
【词汇精讲】
exist 是不及物动词，意为“存在；生存；生活”。
Eg. Stop pretending the problem doesn′t exist.
别再假装这个问题不存在了。
Many people wonder whether life exists on Mars.
很多人想知道火星上是否有生命存在。
【词汇拓展】
existence n.存在；生存
exist on 靠……生活
bring/call into existence 使产生；使成立
come into existence 开始存在；产生；成立
in existence 存在的；现存的；现有的
put out of existence 消灭；灭绝；杀死
Eg. They existed on bread and water for over 5 months.
他们靠面包和水生存了5个多月。
Privately-owned kindergartens have come into existence since 1980s.
自从20世纪80年代以来出现了私立幼儿园。
【迁移应用】
一、翻译句子
(1) 世界是什么时候产生的
________________________________________________
(2) 我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口，根本无钱享受。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
When did the world come into existence
I can hardly exist on the wage I′m getting；there is no money for luxuries.
3. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments
也许动物是在适应不断变化的环境时进化了
【词汇精讲】
adapt 意为“使适应”，常见搭配为 adapt (oneself) to，意为“(使…)适应于…”。另外 adapt 还表示“改编”。
Eg. Our son has adapted to a very different system of education.
我们的儿子已经适应了一个非常不同的教育体制。
My eyes adapted themselves to the light of the clouded moon.
我的眼睛已适应了那朦胧的月光。
【词汇拓展】
adapt sth from 根据……改编某物
adapt...for... 为……而改写/改编……
adaptable adj.能适应的；可修改的
adaptation n.适应；改编；改写本
Eg. As far as I know，he is going to adapt his novel for a play.
据我所知，他计划把自己的小说改编成戏剧。
It is well known that the film Red Sorghum is adapted from the novel of the same title by Mo Yan.
众所周知，电影《红高粱》是根据莫言的同名小说改编而成的。
【迁移应用】
一、完成句子
(1) 他适应了寒冷的天气。
He ____________________ the cold weather.
(2) 据说这部新影片是根据简·奥斯丁的一本小说改编而成的。
This new film is said to ________________ a novel by Jane Austen.
adapted himself to
be adapted from
(3) 关于孩子们，好的一点是他们很容易适应新环境。
The good thing about children is that they __________ ___________the new environment.
adapt very easily to
4. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before.
达尔文猜想这些雀鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿上。
【词汇精讲】
suspect 为动词，意为“猜想；怀疑”；作名词时，意为“嫌疑犯”。作形容词时，意为“可疑的，不可信的”。
Eg. If you suspect a gas leak，do not turn on an electric light.
如果你怀疑有煤气泄漏，就不要打开电灯。
Two suspects are now being interrogated in connection with the killing.
与杀人案有关的两名犯罪嫌疑人正在接受审讯。
【词汇拓展】
suspect sb to be 猜想某人……
suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做)某事
suspicious adj.有疑心的；表示怀疑的
be suspicious of 对……起疑
Suspiciously adv.怀疑地；猜疑地
Eg. How do you advertise a social movement that is suspicious of advertising
你要如何为一个对广告持怀疑态度的社会运动做广告呢
I knew him，and you now find that my suspicion was not groundless.
我认识他，你现在发现我的怀疑不是没有根据的了吧。
【迁移应用】
一、单句语法填空
(1) The customs officer inspected my passport ___________ (suspicious).
(2) A man was hanging about the house in a ____________ (suspect) manner.
suspiciously
suspicious
(3) The police suspected him _____ concealing information important to the case.
of
5. But Darwin′s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
【词汇精讲】
句中的 convincing 是形容词，意为“有说服力的；令人信服的”。
Eg. The data you have collected is not enough to be convincing.
你们收集的材料说服力不足。
This argument seems convincing，but is easily overturned.
这个论点好像令人信服,但很容易就被推翻了。
【词汇拓展】
convince vt.使确信，使信服；说服
convinced adj.确信的；坚信的
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
be convinced of 确信；坚信
be convinced that... 坚信
Eg. He was convinced that his theories were correct.
他确信他的学说是正确的。
We convinced Anne to go by train rather than plane.
我们说服了安妮放弃乘飞机，而是坐火车离开。
【迁移应用】
一、单句语法填空
(1) Many people were influenced by her _____________ (convince) arguments.
(2) ____________ (convince) of the accuracy of the data，they stuck to their opinion.
convincing
Convinced
(3) Robert′s expression had obviously convinced her _____ his innocence.
of
6. Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.
今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。
【词汇精讲】
regard 为及物动词，意为“把……看作”，常见搭配为 be regarded as，意为“被看作”；另外还有“注重；考虑；看待；尊敬”之意。regard 作名词，表示“注意；尊重；问候；凝视”之意。
Eg. Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人的生命被认为是大自然的一部分，同样，我们生存的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐相处。
【词汇拓展】
in/with regard to/regarding 关于，至于
regard...as 把……看作
in this/that regard 在这/那方面；在这/那一点上
give my best regards (to sb)
请代我问候(某人)；请代我(向某人)致意
regardless of 不管，不顾
Eg. We regard him as a real friend of us.
我们把他当作我们真正的朋友。
Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard.
男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。
Do give her my regards.
务必代我向她问好。
【迁移应用】
一、完成句子
(1) 不管他们同不同意我都去。
I shall go __________________ whether they agree or not.
(2) 他把我当成家人一样对待。
He ____________ me _______ one of his family.
regardless of
regards
as
(3) 关于那件事我没什么要说的。
I have nothing to say _________________ that matter.
in/with regard to
重点句式
1. ....but it was the birds that interested him the most.…
…但使他最感兴趣的是那些鸟。
【句式剖析】
该句是一个强调句型，强调的是句子的主语 the birds 。
Eg. It was the English teacher who encouraged me to read books every day.
是英语老师鼓励我每天都要读书的。
【句式拓展】
(1) 强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其余部分”。被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语；被强调部分如果是人，用 that 和 who 都可以，如果强调的是人以外的其他成分，则只能用 that。
(2) 如果强调 not...until...句型中 until 引导的时间状语，not 要放到 until 前面。
(3) 强调句型的一般疑问句是把 is 或 was 提前；其特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋be＋it＋that/who＋其余部分。
(4) 强调句型的辨别方式为：把 it is/was及that去掉，依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。
Eg. It is I who/that am to blame for the traffic accident.
应为这起交通事故负责任的是我。
It was not until he left me that I realized he was very important to me.
直到他离开我，我才意识到他对我有多么重要。
Where was it that you met the famous scientist
你是在哪里遇见那位著名的科学家的
【迁移应用】
一、完成句子
(1) 我与她初次见面是在十年以前。
______________________ I met her for the first time.
(2) 是孩子们在花园里吵闹。
_______________________ are making so much noise in the garden.
It was ten years ago that
It is the children that/who
(3) 他什么时候加人那个俱乐部的
____________________ he joined the club
(4) 直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。
__________________ she took off her sunglasses that I recognized her.
When was it that
It was not until
2. How do you think the human species will evolve in the future
你认为人类物种将来会如何进化
【句式剖析】
本句使用了think构成的双重特殊问句，也叫混合疑问句，即“特殊疑问词＋do you think＋宾语从句”，此时的do you think 是插入语。类似用法的谓语动词还有 hope，believe，suppose，guess，say，consider，imagine，suggest 等。一般说来，插入语不影响句子成分，去掉后句子结构依然完整。
Eg. Where do you suggest we spend our holiday
你建议我们去哪里度假
What do you think he will buy for your birthday
你认为他将为你的生日买什么呢
【句式拓展】
(1) 作主语的疑问词＋do you think / suppose / believe / imagine / say / suggest＋谓语部分。
(2) 非主语的疑问词＋do you think / suppose / believe / imagine / say / suggest ＋主语＋谓语部分。
(3) 该句型不受do you think的影响，始终用陈述句语序。
(4) 如果插入语是 do you suggest 时，句子的谓语要用(should＋) do。
(5) 不能用 yes 或 no 来回答这样的特殊疑问句，应用完整的句子来回答。
Eg. When do you think the naughty boy will finish his homework
你认为这个淘气的小男孩什么时候会完成作业
—Where do you think they should go
你认为他们该去哪儿
—I think they′d better go to Shanghai.
我认为他们最好去上海。
【迁移应用】
一、翻译句子
(1) 你认为哪一个是最佳答案 (do you think)
______________________________________________
(2) 你建议派谁去那里工作 (do you suggest)
______________________________________________
Which of the answers do you think is the best one
Who do you suggest (should) be sent to work there
(3) 你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会 (do you suppose)
_______________________________________________
(4) 你认为我们今天晚上应该什么时间出发 (do you believe)
_______________________________________________
Who do you suppose we shall invite to attend our party
When do you believe we should start out this evening
随堂练习
一、课文语法填空
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，1.________ (fascinate) by rocks，plants and animals. However，he once was considered as 2.______ disgrace to all his family.
fascinated
a
In 1831，he left England on the ship，the Beagle. His room on the ship was crowded 3._________ samples of the plants and animals he 4. ______________ (collect). Darwin didn′t believe that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time.
When the ship reached the Galpagos Islands，Darwin saw a 5.__________ (various) of new species.
with
had collected　
variety
However，it was the birds 6._________ interested him the most. He noticed that there 7.__________(be) a difference between the finches on each of the islands，which led him 8._____________(suspect) the finches had evolved from a common ancestor.
that
was
to suspect
Darwin explained the theory of evolution in his book，On the Origin of Species，which wasn′t published until 1859 and 9. 　　　 　 (immediate) caused a storm. Today，the book is regarded as one of 10.____________________ 　　 (importance) works ever written.
immediately
the most important
二、概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文
Where we people come from is a problem that has puzzled us for thousands of years.(要点1) It was Charles Darwin who found the answer to the problem. He began his journey by chance.
During the journey，he was fascinated by various living things，and found some species were so similar to each other.(要点2) But his idea was refused in the beginning. Later，his studies were so convincing that more and more people believed his theory. (要点3)
本课结束
This lesson is over
THANKS!