2024年高考二轮复习英语专题突破题型三： 完形填空 第一节 最新考情面面观 课件(共30张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024年高考二轮复习英语专题突破题型三： 完形填空 第一节 最新考情面面观 课件(共30张PPT) |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-04-17 22:29:40 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
题型三 完形填空
第一节 最新考情面面观
一、 研读三年新考情
年 份 卷 别 体 裁 主题语境和话题 考情分析
2023 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·越野赛
中帮助对手的善举 ★ 一般为一篇240词左右
的语篇，文体以记叙文
（含夹叙夹议文）为
主，文章结构严谨、层
次分明且逻辑性强。
★ 素养立意下的新高
考，以“价值引领”为
命题“金”线，以“语
言技能”为命题“银”
线。在选文上，更凸显
立德树人、以文化人的
价值导向作用。
2023 新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·帮忙带
小狗回家
2022 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·“我”
和家人的 露营经历和感悟
新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·夫妻看
房人
年 份 卷 别 体 裁 主题语境和话题 考情分析
2021 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·假期在
烘焙厂打工的 经历与感悟 ★ 体现“突出词汇语境
化”的命题原则，侧重
于考查考生对词汇上下
文衔接关系、行文逻辑
的综合运用能力。考点
布设上主要考查实词类
（动词、名词、形容词
和副词），其他词类零
星考查。
新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·一位扮
成乞丐 成功破案的警察
二、 规避解题三误区
1 缺乏全篇阅读意识
很多考生做完形填空时常常第一遍就匆忙选词，缺乏全篇阅读意
识，不去从整体上思考文章的故事发展线索和相关话题的词汇，只依赖
设空处所在的句子或段落来理解。这样的阅读做题习惯导致错误率大大
上升。
考生需要时刻谨记“一看、二选、三查”的思路去答题。“一看”
指一定要先通读全文，抓住全文的脉络，然后进行准确的推理、判断，
综合全文做出正确的选择；“二选”指第二遍再逐个击破进行选项选
择；“三查”指最后对所选选项进行复查核验。
典例分析1
（2023· 浙江卷节选）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into
the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 1 a unique honey harvest.
Here， in south-east Ethiopia， hand-carved beehives（蜂箱） are placed in
the 2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 3 .
I 4 the beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before
entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 5 handfuls of
damp tree leaves， wrapped them with string， and 6 the bunch to
create a torch（火把）. Then， with one end of a rope tied to his waist and
the other end around the trunk of a tree， Ziyad began 7 . He stopped
every few minutes to move the 8 higher up the tree trunk.
...
Baby bees were still in the honeycombs（蜂巢）. The adult bees were
angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for
the right moment to go back up.
1. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
2. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
3. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
4. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
5. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
6. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
7. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
8. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
[思路点拨] 本文主要讲述作者跟随埃塞俄比亚的养蜂人Ziyad，见证了
一次独特的采蜜。文中的诸多空格都需要在通读全文的基础之上，仔细
分析上下文方可得出答案。
1. 根据下文“I ...the beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland
before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞
俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。
2. 根据下文higher up the tree trunk可知，手工雕刻的蜂箱是放在树
梢上。
3. 根据下文“The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad
escaped from the tree.”可知，采蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这
是很危险的。
4. 根据上文“I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest.”可
知，作者此行是为了跟随养蜂人Ziyad，近距离观察他是如何采蜜的。
5. 根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves ...a torch”可知，此处指
Ziyad收集了一些潮湿的树叶。
6. 根据下文to create a torch可知，空处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当
火把。
7. 根据下文higher up the tree trunk可知， Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才
能采集到蜂蜜。
8. 根据上文“Then， with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree”可知， Ziyad不断调整绳索的位置，
保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。
[答案]
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
D
C
B
C
A
B
D
C
2 忽视作者情感转变
记叙文或夹叙夹议文通常有两条发展脉络，第一条是人物故事的发
展线，第二条是作者情感的转折线。故事发展方向通常都是由坏变好，
文章中会有很多个转折点。然而，在考场有限的时间中，考生常常忽视
作者情感的转变。考生答题时必须学会与作者共鸣，再用恰当的词汇串
联作者的情感脉络。
典例分析2
（2022·天津卷节选）But as most students progressed， I seemed to
fall behind. One day， when my teacher told us to play in front of the other
students， I was filled with fear. I knew I would 1 .
...I put it in place and tried again. To my great 2 ， I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was 3 a lot that year.
1. A. mess up B. move on C. set out D. take off
2. A. anger B. sorrow C. disappointment D. surprise
3. A. felt B. shown C. removed D. voiced
[思路点拨] 作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，
在妈妈的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终作者解
决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
1. 根据上文I seemed to fall behind以及I was filled with fear可知，
“我”似乎落后于其他同学，且当老师叫“我”去同学们面前表演时，
“我”感到害怕。由此可知，“我”认为自己演奏得不好，会搞砸的。
2. 根据第一段内容及下文I could play well可知，“我”之前一直演
奏得不好，突然能演奏得很好，这令“我”感到惊讶。
3. 根据My problem was solved可知，“我”的问题解决了。由此可
知，“我”的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。
[答案]
1. 2. 3.
A
D
C
3 阅读遇上词汇障碍
完形填空主要考查的就是在上下文语境中对词汇的运用，在做题时，
学生常常会遇到以下几种情况：常误记“难词僻义”；易混淆“一词多义”；想不到“熟词生义”；没记牢“构词规律”。
典例分析3
（2023·浙江卷节选）Finally， Ziyad got close to the hive which was
around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch， he
towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.
A. backed B. dived
C. shouted D. inched
[思路点拨] 此处指Ziyad坐在树枝上，小心翼翼地慢慢向蜂巢移动，将
火把的烟吹入蜂巢中。我们熟悉的inch的含义为“英寸”，此处作动
词，意为“谨慎移动”。
[答案]
D
典例分析4
（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷节选）The flight was ， and Tiffy was a
great passenger. The next day， she flew with Karen and made it back to
George in Virginia within a few days. He was so thankful and sent me a nice
e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family
together again.
A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
[思路点拨] 根据and Tiffy was a great passenger可知，这次飞行很顺利，
平安无事。四个选项都是以否定前缀un- 开头的形容词。unnecessary没
有必要的， unexpected意想不到的， unavoidable不可避免的，
uneventful平静无事的。
[答案]
D
典例分析5
（2022·浙江卷节选）The research team included the Canadian doctor
Allan Slomovic， who has done work on eye care using stem cells.
Seeing a ray of hope， Ms. Burdeyney began raising money for the project
with a friend， the Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman.
A. part-time
B. controversial
C. voluntary
D. groundbreaking
[思路点拨] 根据“Seeing a ray of hope， Ms. Burdeyney began raising
money for the project”可知，这个研究团队里有利用干细胞开展眼部保
健工作取得了很好的成效的加拿大医生。再结合选项并利用构词法知识
可猜测出合成词groundbreaking的意思是“开创性的”。
[答案]
D
三、 演绎全流程解题
完形填空选用一篇240词左右的短文，短文设置15个空格，但完形
填空设空的精妙之处就在于“藕虽断，丝还连”。这千丝万缕的“丝”
能保证文意的疏通连贯，高考命题正是利用这一点来进行科学布
“空”。考生在做题时，一定要通读全文，先把握文章大意，再根据文
意和基本语言知识逐一完形。切忌“只见树木，不见森林”的碎片化、
片段化答题方式。
随堂巩固
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）On Oct. 11， hundreds of runners competed in a
cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 1 the
course earlier than she did. Her 2 came because she was carrying
a 3 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper， Bailey was more than two-thirds of
the way through her 4 when a runner in front of her began crying in
pain. She 5 to help her fellow runner， Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her
arm to see if she could walk forward with 6 . She couldn’t. Bailey
then 7 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to
the finish line， then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8
attention.
Once there， Lenoue was 9 and later taken to a hospital， where
she learned that she suffered serious injuries to one of her knees. She would
have struggled with extreme 10 to make it to that aid checkpoint without
Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey， she is more 11 about why her act is considered a
big 12 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 13 her，” Bailey told the
reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 14 ，
they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race， but the 15 of
human kindness won the day.
（ D ）1. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
（ A ）2. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
（ D ）3. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
（ A ）4. A. race B. school C. town D. training
（ C ）5. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
（ B ）6. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
（ D ）7. A. went away B. stood up
C. stepped aside D. bent down
（ A ）8. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
D
A
D
A
C
B
D
A
（ B ）9. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
（ B ）10. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
（ C ）11. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
（ D ）12. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
（ A ）13. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
（ C ）14. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
（ B ）15. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
B
B
C
D
A
C
B
题型三 完形填空
第一节 最新考情面面观
一、 研读三年新考情
年 份 卷 别 体 裁 主题语境和话题 考情分析
2023 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·越野赛
中帮助对手的善举 ★ 一般为一篇240词左右
的语篇，文体以记叙文
（含夹叙夹议文）为
主，文章结构严谨、层
次分明且逻辑性强。
★ 素养立意下的新高
考，以“价值引领”为
命题“金”线，以“语
言技能”为命题“银”
线。在选文上，更凸显
立德树人、以文化人的
价值导向作用。
2023 新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·帮忙带
小狗回家
2022 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·“我”
和家人的 露营经历和感悟
新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·夫妻看
房人
年 份 卷 别 体 裁 主题语境和话题 考情分析
2021 新高考 Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我·假期在
烘焙厂打工的 经历与感悟 ★ 体现“突出词汇语境
化”的命题原则，侧重
于考查考生对词汇上下
文衔接关系、行文逻辑
的综合运用能力。考点
布设上主要考查实词类
（动词、名词、形容词
和副词），其他词类零
星考查。
新高考 Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会·一位扮
成乞丐 成功破案的警察
二、 规避解题三误区
1 缺乏全篇阅读意识
很多考生做完形填空时常常第一遍就匆忙选词，缺乏全篇阅读意
识，不去从整体上思考文章的故事发展线索和相关话题的词汇，只依赖
设空处所在的句子或段落来理解。这样的阅读做题习惯导致错误率大大
上升。
考生需要时刻谨记“一看、二选、三查”的思路去答题。“一看”
指一定要先通读全文，抓住全文的脉络，然后进行准确的推理、判断，
综合全文做出正确的选择；“二选”指第二遍再逐个击破进行选项选
择；“三查”指最后对所选选项进行复查核验。
典例分析1
（2023· 浙江卷节选）The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into
the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 1 a unique honey harvest.
Here， in south-east Ethiopia， hand-carved beehives（蜂箱） are placed in
the 2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 3 .
I 4 the beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before
entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 5 handfuls of
damp tree leaves， wrapped them with string， and 6 the bunch to
create a torch（火把）. Then， with one end of a rope tied to his waist and
the other end around the trunk of a tree， Ziyad began 7 . He stopped
every few minutes to move the 8 higher up the tree trunk.
...
Baby bees were still in the honeycombs（蜂巢）. The adult bees were
angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for
the right moment to go back up.
1. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
2. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
3. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
4. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
5. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
6. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
7. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
8. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
[思路点拨] 本文主要讲述作者跟随埃塞俄比亚的养蜂人Ziyad，见证了
一次独特的采蜜。文中的诸多空格都需要在通读全文的基础之上，仔细
分析上下文方可得出答案。
1. 根据下文“I ...the beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland
before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞
俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。
2. 根据下文higher up the tree trunk可知，手工雕刻的蜂箱是放在树
梢上。
3. 根据下文“The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad
escaped from the tree.”可知，采蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这
是很危险的。
4. 根据上文“I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest.”可
知，作者此行是为了跟随养蜂人Ziyad，近距离观察他是如何采蜜的。
5. 根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves ...a torch”可知，此处指
Ziyad收集了一些潮湿的树叶。
6. 根据下文to create a torch可知，空处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当
火把。
7. 根据下文higher up the tree trunk可知， Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才
能采集到蜂蜜。
8. 根据上文“Then， with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree”可知， Ziyad不断调整绳索的位置，
保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。
[答案]
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
D
C
B
C
A
B
D
C
2 忽视作者情感转变
记叙文或夹叙夹议文通常有两条发展脉络，第一条是人物故事的发
展线，第二条是作者情感的转折线。故事发展方向通常都是由坏变好，
文章中会有很多个转折点。然而，在考场有限的时间中，考生常常忽视
作者情感的转变。考生答题时必须学会与作者共鸣，再用恰当的词汇串
联作者的情感脉络。
典例分析2
（2022·天津卷节选）But as most students progressed， I seemed to
fall behind. One day， when my teacher told us to play in front of the other
students， I was filled with fear. I knew I would 1 .
...I put it in place and tried again. To my great 2 ， I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was 3 a lot that year.
1. A. mess up B. move on C. set out D. take off
2. A. anger B. sorrow C. disappointment D. surprise
3. A. felt B. shown C. removed D. voiced
[思路点拨] 作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，
在妈妈的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终作者解
决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
1. 根据上文I seemed to fall behind以及I was filled with fear可知，
“我”似乎落后于其他同学，且当老师叫“我”去同学们面前表演时，
“我”感到害怕。由此可知，“我”认为自己演奏得不好，会搞砸的。
2. 根据第一段内容及下文I could play well可知，“我”之前一直演
奏得不好，突然能演奏得很好，这令“我”感到惊讶。
3. 根据My problem was solved可知，“我”的问题解决了。由此可
知，“我”的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。
[答案]
1. 2. 3.
A
D
C
3 阅读遇上词汇障碍
完形填空主要考查的就是在上下文语境中对词汇的运用，在做题时，
学生常常会遇到以下几种情况：常误记“难词僻义”；易混淆“一词多义”；想不到“熟词生义”；没记牢“构词规律”。
典例分析3
（2023·浙江卷节选）Finally， Ziyad got close to the hive which was
around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch， he
towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.
A. backed B. dived
C. shouted D. inched
[思路点拨] 此处指Ziyad坐在树枝上，小心翼翼地慢慢向蜂巢移动，将
火把的烟吹入蜂巢中。我们熟悉的inch的含义为“英寸”，此处作动
词，意为“谨慎移动”。
[答案]
D
典例分析4
（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷节选）The flight was ， and Tiffy was a
great passenger. The next day， she flew with Karen and made it back to
George in Virginia within a few days. He was so thankful and sent me a nice
e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family
together again.
A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
[思路点拨] 根据and Tiffy was a great passenger可知，这次飞行很顺利，
平安无事。四个选项都是以否定前缀un- 开头的形容词。unnecessary没
有必要的， unexpected意想不到的， unavoidable不可避免的，
uneventful平静无事的。
[答案]
D
典例分析5
（2022·浙江卷节选）The research team included the Canadian doctor
Allan Slomovic， who has done work on eye care using stem cells.
Seeing a ray of hope， Ms. Burdeyney began raising money for the project
with a friend， the Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman.
A. part-time
B. controversial
C. voluntary
D. groundbreaking
[思路点拨] 根据“Seeing a ray of hope， Ms. Burdeyney began raising
money for the project”可知，这个研究团队里有利用干细胞开展眼部保
健工作取得了很好的成效的加拿大医生。再结合选项并利用构词法知识
可猜测出合成词groundbreaking的意思是“开创性的”。
[答案]
D
三、 演绎全流程解题
完形填空选用一篇240词左右的短文，短文设置15个空格，但完形
填空设空的精妙之处就在于“藕虽断，丝还连”。这千丝万缕的“丝”
能保证文意的疏通连贯，高考命题正是利用这一点来进行科学布
“空”。考生在做题时，一定要通读全文，先把握文章大意，再根据文
意和基本语言知识逐一完形。切忌“只见树木，不见森林”的碎片化、
片段化答题方式。
随堂巩固
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）On Oct. 11， hundreds of runners competed in a
cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 1 the
course earlier than she did. Her 2 came because she was carrying
a 3 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper， Bailey was more than two-thirds of
the way through her 4 when a runner in front of her began crying in
pain. She 5 to help her fellow runner， Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her
arm to see if she could walk forward with 6 . She couldn’t. Bailey
then 7 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to
the finish line， then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8
attention.
Once there， Lenoue was 9 and later taken to a hospital， where
she learned that she suffered serious injuries to one of her knees. She would
have struggled with extreme 10 to make it to that aid checkpoint without
Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey， she is more 11 about why her act is considered a
big 12 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 13 her，” Bailey told the
reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 14 ，
they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race， but the 15 of
human kindness won the day.
（ D ）1. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
（ A ）2. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
（ D ）3. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
（ A ）4. A. race B. school C. town D. training
（ C ）5. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
（ B ）6. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
（ D ）7. A. went away B. stood up
C. stepped aside D. bent down
（ A ）8. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
D
A
D
A
C
B
D
A
（ B ）9. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
（ B ）10. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
（ C ）11. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
（ D ）12. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
（ A ）13. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
（ C ）14. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
（ B ）15. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
B
B
C
D
A
C
B