压轴题03 阅读理解C、D篇
命题预测 分析近几年高考阅读理解C、D篇可知，高考命题中科普说明文一直都是以压轴题的形式存在，着重考查考生对于语篇的理解能力以及信息处理能力。 题材多样，语篇主要来源于英美主流报刊、杂志和网站。内容涉及科技创新发明、人工智能类、医疗保健卫生类、社会与文化研究报告、观念事理类、环境与保护类、动植物研究等多种领域，具有较强的思想性、趣味性、实际功用性和较强的时代感。 从近年全国卷和各地高考试卷中科普类阅读命题的统计来看，高考阅读理解科普类文章的理论性和逻辑性强、生词多、句式结构复杂。六种命题类型都有所体现。命题尊重语篇的文体特征和行文特点，考查了考生理解说明文语篇的能力，以及灵活运用各种阅读策略提取、归纳所读信息的能力，尤其加大了对概括能力和推断能力等高阶思维能力的考查。预测2024年高考对于科普说明文的考查仍然是重点。
高频考法 推理判断题 标题归纳题 细节理解题 词义猜测题
说明文基本规律及解题要领
高考中科普类阅读理解一般不给标题，反而经常要求考生选择最佳标题。说明文一般采用如下四部分：
首段：一般即是文章的主题段，开门见山点明新发明或研究对象。
背景: 交代问题的现状或研究的起因。
主干: 部分介绍研究所取得的突破，作者往往会详细介绍研究对象、研究方法、研究理论或具体的实验、统计等过程。
结尾: 通常会再次对中心进行概括、重述研究成果、预计的市场未来等与主题呼应。
二、说明文的解题技巧
1. 运用语篇结构（text structure），了解文章大意
科普说明文主题鲜明、脉络清晰，行文结构模式较为固定。弄清文本结构有助于把握文章主旨和阅读重点。社会文化研究类文章多用描述法、问题与历史文化背景等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的文化研究的内容及影响，内容涉及语言、传统习俗、建筑、艺术等行为模式、价值观念、知识体系等多方面的知识。 结构上一般采用上述四个部分，说明手法上常使用以下说明方法：描述法（包括举例子、下定义、列数据等）、因果法、问题与对策法。
实验研究型文章一般会以实验的过程进展为线索，多用描述法、问题与对策法等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的科学研究发现及其产生的影响。
阅读时，首先用略读法快速浏览每段的首尾句，根据英语说明文思维模式特征，作者一般都会开门见山，直奔主题。结尾通常也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应。因此在做主旨大意、写作意图和最佳标题等题目时，需要重点关注首尾段落里面高频复现的词汇和内容。
2. 定位标志词，分析长难句，进行逻辑推理判断
每一个问题，在原文中，都要有一个定位。然后精读，找出那个标志词或者中心句。根据题干要求，用查读法快速定位到相关段落。再利用标志词所提供的逻辑关系找到细节信息，如列数据、举例子、原因和结果等。如果句子成分复杂，有生词，也不要烦躁退缩，分析主句和从句或非谓语动词之间的关系，一些出现在术语、抽象概念、长难句前后的同义词、近义词等，都是用以理解文章的语境线索。通过这些对长句进行层层剖析，露出主干部分，就能明晰句意，弄懂作者的真实意图。
关注某人说到或推断观点态度题
某人说过的话，有时并不是题眼，但可以从侧面或某个角度来反映作者的观点，也就是作者想表达的，正确答案都是和这样的观点相一致的。要把握关键词，有感彩的词。
4.关注转折关系的逻辑词
说明文中常会出现表示转折意义的词，如however, but, yet,while等。这些词后面才是作者真正想表达的意思，常常会在此处命题。
5. 熟悉选项设置规律，关注细节
正确选项：文中内容的“同义替换”或者“归纳概括”。
干扰项：“张冠李戴”、“偷梁换柱”、“无中生有”和“以偏概全”四种类型。
03 社会文化研究类
1.（2223高三·江西鹰潭·开学考试）
Letting kids learn more about science at an early age is easier than you think. It is happening all around us, and you can use daily things to arouse (激发) your children’s interest. Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science. But you don’t need a high scientific degree to teach your children science. All you need is that you’re willing to try, to see the world, and to take the time to encourage their natural curiosity. When they strongly want to know about something, they get the ticket to the unknown world.
You can help by having an active attitude (态度) towards science yourself. Then start simply by asking your children questions about the things you see every day. Next listen to their answers without judging (评判) them, which will improve their confidence (自信), and help you decide just what your children know or do not know.
Different kids have different interest, so they need different kinds of science projects. Collecting rocks may interest your young daughter, but your older son may need something more to deal with it. Knowing your children is the best way to find enjoyable learning activities. Here are some more pieces of advice: Choose activities that are the right level of difficulty. If you are not sure, pick something easier. Read the suggested ages on any projects, books, and then make sure that the activity is proper for your children. Let your children choose the project or activity themselves. It’s easy enough to ask rather than force them. Suggest choosing 2 or 3 things your children can do. When a child picks something he or she is interested in, he or she will enjoy it and learn more from it.
1．What do most parents believe
A．Science should be learnt early.
B．Science teaching needs time.
C．Helping children with science is hard.
D．Many children have no interest in science.
2．What does the underlined word “curiosity” mean in English
A．The spirit of changing. B．The ability of understanding.
C．The method of thinking. D．The feeling of wondering.
3．How can we start to help children
A．By judging them. B．By asking them questions.
C．By collecting their answers. D．By deciding what interests them.
4．Which is the best way to find enjoyable learning activities for children
A．To know the children. B．To improve their confidence.
C．To have an active attitude. D．To offer different kinds of projects.
5．What can we mainly learn from the passage
A．How to choose activities for children.
B．Why to let children learn science earlier.
C．Why not force children to learn science.
D．How to arouse children’s interest in science.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了父母要激发孩子学习科学的兴趣，并就如何给孩子选择有趣的学习活动提出建议。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science.”（大多数家长认为帮助孩子学习科学是困难的）可知，大多数父母认为帮助孩子学习科学很困难。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“When they strongly want to know about something, they get the ticket to the unknown world.”（当他们强烈地想知道一些事情时，他们得到了通往未知世界的门票）可知，此处指想了解新鲜事物的信念，即好奇的感觉。划线单词curiosity的意思是“好奇的感觉”。A. The spirit of changing. 改变的精神；B. The ability of understanding. 理解的能力；C. The method of thinking. 思维方法；D. The feeling of wondering. 好奇的感觉。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Then start simply by asking your children questions about the things you see every day.”（然后以简单地问你的孩子关于你每天看到的事情的问题开始）可知，父母以问孩子问题开始帮助孩子。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段“Knowing your children is the best way to find enjoyable learning activities.”（了解您的孩子是找到愉快学习活动的最佳方式）可知，了解孩子是寻找有趣的学习活动的最好方式。故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“It is happening all around us, and you can use daily things to arouse (激发) your children’s interest.”（它发生在我们周围，你可以用日常生活来激发孩子的兴趣）可知，本段主要介绍了父母要激发孩子学习科学的兴趣；文章第二自然段和第三自然段就如何给孩子选择有趣的学习活动给出建议。所以，文章主要告诉我们如何激发和促进孩子们对科学的兴趣。故选D。
2.（2024·全国·模拟预测）
Between 1945 and 2000, educators employed a fairly uniform approach. The teacher was the sun in the classroom, and all lessons and activities centered around him or her. Educators stressed the importance of discipline and obedience(服从) within the classroom, and students were expected to follow very rigid standards for behavior and academic performance. The stated goal of this model was to ensure fairness by applying the same expectations; however, the result was that only a few students succeeded while many others were left behind.
When computers and Internet technology entered the classroom a few decades ago, another pattern appeared and progressive educators immediately saw the opportunity to change the way school worked. Instead of needing to focus on the teachers for the vast majority of the day, students could use computers, websites, and even games to learn new materials and improve their skills and knowledge. Not all educators welcomed this shift, however, as some believed it took power and responsibility away from the teachers and cheapened the educational experience for learners.
Over the last decade, two distinct camps of educators have emerged. Tech advocates stress that computers and Internet technology allow students to learn at their own pace in an environment that makes them feel comfortable, while the traditional classroom sets a pace that many learners can’t keep up with and often makes students feel uncomfortable. Traditionalists, on the other hand, believe that over-reliance on tech limits students’ ability to develop their own knowledge and skills and does little to prepare them for the realities of being adults in the real world.
Regrettably, the inability of these two parties to find an agreement has prevented the growth of our education system. We must learn from what worked in the past while adopting the best of our new technologies to create an education system that reflects our modern world. If we can’t get all our teachers on the same page, then we will be at risk of failing future generations.
6．Who can probably learn better under the 1945 -2000 model of education
A．Lisa who tends to read by herself. B．Michael who disciplines himself.
C．Kate who can focus on listening for long. D．Tom who prefers hands-on learning.
7．Why do some educators prefer the second education pattern
A．It allows for different learning styles. B．It has the same hope for students.
C．It fires students’ enthusiasm for learning. D．It reduces teachers’ level of stress.
8．What message is conveyed in paragraph 3
A．Two of a trade never agree. B．Everyone thinks in his way.
C．Every potter praises his pot. D．One’s words reflect one’s thinking.
9．What is the author’s understanding of a good education system
A．It’s full of well-trained subject teachers. B．It’s an accurate mirror of the real world.
C．It’s inclusive and accessible to all students. D．It’s an integration of tradition and modernity.
【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了两种不同的教育模式的特点以及人们对它们的不同看法。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Between 1945 and 2000, educators employed a fairly uniform approach. The teacher was the sun in the classroom, and all lessons and activities centered around him or her.( 1945年至2000年间，教育工作者采用了相当统一的方法。老师是教室里的太阳，所有的课程和活动都以他或她为中心。)”可知，1945至2000年间，老师是教室里的太阳，所有的课程和活动都围绕着老师进行，由此可推知在课堂上能长时间专注听课的学生可能会学得更好一些。因此能长时间集中注意力倾听的凯特很可能学得好。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Instead of needing to focus on the teachers for the vast majority of the day, students could use computers, websites, and even games to learn new materials and improve their skills and knowledge.(学生们可以利用电脑、网站甚至游戏来学习新材料，提高他们的技能和知识，而不是每天大部分时间都盯着老师。)”可知，在第二种教育模式下，学生们不必在一天的大部分时间里都关注老师，他们可以使用电脑、网站、甚至游戏来学习新材料、提高技能和增长知识。由此可推知，因为这种教育模式使不同的学习方式成为可能，所以一些教育工作者比较喜欢。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Tech advocates stress that computers and Internet technology allow students to learn at their own pace in an environment that makes them feel comfortable, while the traditional classroom sets a pace that many learners can’t keep up with and often makes students feel uncomfortable. Traditionalists, on the other hand, believe that over-reliance on tech limits students’ ability to develop their own knowledge and skills and does little to prepare them for the realities of being adults in the real world. (科技倡导者强调，计算机和互联网技
术允许学生在一个让他们感到舒适的环境中按照自己的节奏学习，而传统课堂设定的节奏让许多学习者跟不上，经常让学生感到不舒服。另一方面，传统主义者认为，过度依赖科技限制了学生发展自己的知识和技能的能力，几乎没有帮助他们做好面对即将在现实生活中成为成年人的现实的准备。。)”可知，科技支持者认为，计算机和互联网技术使学生能够在一个让他们感到舒适的环境中按自己的节奏学习，而传统的教室设定了一个许多学习者无法跟上的节奏，经常会让学生感到不舒服。传统主义者认为，对科技的过度依赖限制了学生增长知识和提高技能的能力，几乎没有帮助他们做好面对即将在现实生活中成为成年人的现实的准备。由此可知，就技术而言，科技支持者和传统主义者有不同的看法，也就是说仁者见仁，智者见智。A项“同行是冤家”；B项“仁者见仁，智者见智”；C项“王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸”；D项“言为心声”。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We must learn from what worked in the past while adopting the best of our new technologies to create an education system that reflects our modern world.(我们必须从过去的成功经验中学习，同时采用我们最好的新技术来创建一个反映我们现代世界的教育体系。)”可知，我们必须从过去的经验中学习，同时采用最新技术，创造一个反映我们现代世界的教育体制。由此可推知，在作者看来，一个好的教育体制需要融合传统与现代。故选D。
3.（23-24高三下·辽宁大连·阶段练习）
Falcons are powerful birds that may be trained to hunt in cooperation with humans. The art of training falcons as “hunting dogs of the skies” is called falconry (训鹰术). It was developed in the ancient Arabian Desert around 4000 B．C． In the past, falconry mainly involved hunting with falcons to supplement one’s diet. But now, it has become the favorite sport and pastime in the Arabian Peninsula.
Falconry includes three major processes: acquiring the falcons, training them, and hunting with them. Every year, falconers begin capturing wild falcons in June and July, the migration season. The best birds to catch are the ones with naturally nurtured hunting skills, aged one or two years. Once the falcons are captured, their heads are immediately covered with a leather hood. This is essential because they imprint as their master whomever they see first after the hood is removed. Right after a bird is caught, the training process starts. It begins by depriving (剥夺) the bird of food to make it easier to tame. The birds are taught to know their own name and respond to their master when called. Arab falconers live with their birds day and night in order to build a strong relationship with them.
By the end of October or mid-November, the trained falcons are ready to hunt in the desert. They have excellent vision, 2. 6 times greater than that of a human. They are also the fastest divers on the planet. One hunting
technique that sets them apart from other animals is that they can be trained to deliver their prey, without killing it first. This is vital in Islamic culture because animals used for food must still be alive to ensure that the meat is halal, that is, properly prepared according to Islamic law.
Falcons have played such a crucial role in traditional Islamic cultures that a number of countries in the Middle East have made them their national bird. Falconry has grown so popular that specialist hospitals have been established to take care of these magnificent birds. Falcons are even issued their own passports. They are the only animals in the United Arab Emirates that are legally allowed to travel inside planes, enjoying a level of luxury that some humans can only dream of.
10．What is the main reason for Arabic people to hunt with falcons today
A．To serve as entertainment and exercise.
B．To supplement their diet.
C．To replace the practice of hunting with dogs.
D．To honor their national bird.
11．What can we learn from the passage
A．Falconers don’t give food to falcons in order to capture them.
B．Falcons are not allowed to see their masters during the training process.
C．Wild falcons with natural hunting skills are ideal for falconers to catch.
D．The trainers’ names are written on the hoods covering the birds’ heads.
12．What especially makes falcons a unique species for hunting in Islamic culture
A．Falcons keep their prey alive before delivering it to falconers.
B．Falcons can form a strong bond with their owners quickly.
C．Falcons’ vision is particularly suitable for hunting in deserts.
D．Falcons are relatively easy to train for specific hunting.
13．According to the article, what privilege do falcons enjoy in the Arab world
A．Free air ticket. B．Passports issued by the King.
C．Expensive meals. D．Access to specialized medical care.
【答案】10．A 11．C 12．A 13．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章详细介绍了训鹰术的历史、过程以及在中东文化中的重要性。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段“Falcons are powerful birds that may be trained to hunt in cooperation with
humans. The art of training falcons as “hunting dogs of the skies” is called falconry (训鹰术). It was developed in the ancient Arabian Desert around 4000 B. C. In the past, falconry mainly involved hunting with falcons to supplement one’s diet. But now, it has become the favorite sport and pastime in the Arabian Peninsula.(猎鹰是一种强大的鸟类，经过训练可以与人类合作狩猎。把猎鹰训练成“天空的猎犬”的艺术被称为训鹰。它起源于公元前4000年左右的古阿拉伯沙漠。在过去，猎鹰主要是为了补充自己的饮食。但现在，它已成为阿拉伯半岛最受欢迎的运动和消遣)”可知，今天阿拉伯人用猎鹰打猎的主要原因用作娱乐和锻炼。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“Every year, falconers begin capturing wild falcons in June and July, the migration season. The best birds to catch are the ones with naturally nurtured hunting skills, aged one or two years.(每年的6月和7月，猎鹰人开始捕捉野生猎鹰，这是迁徙季节。最适合捕捉的鸟是那些天生具备狩猎技能的，年龄在一两岁左右的鸟)”可知，具有天然狩猎技能的野生猎鹰是捕鹰人的理想选择。故选C项。
12．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One hunting technique that sets them apart from other animals is that they can be trained to deliver their prey, without killing it first. This is vital in Islamic culture because animals used for food must still be alive to ensure that the meat is halal, that is, properly prepared according to Islamic law.(它们与其他动物不同的一项狩猎技术是，它们可以经过训练，在不先杀死猎物的情况下交付猎物。这在伊斯兰文化中是至关重要的，因为用作食物的动物必须仍然活着，以确保肉是清真的，也就是说，根据伊斯兰法律适当准备)”以及最后一段“Falcons have played such a crucial role in traditional Islamic cultures that a number of countries in the Middle East have made them their national bird.(猎鹰在传统的伊斯兰文化中扮演着至关重要的角色，以至于许多中东国家都把它们作为国鸟)”可知，在伊斯兰文化中，猎鹰在把猎物交给驯鹰人之前，会先让它活下来使猎鹰成为一种独特的狩猎物种。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Falconry has grown so popular that specialist hospitals have been established to take care of these magnificent birds. Falcons are even issued their own passports. They are the only animals in the United Arab Emirates that are legally allowed to travel inside planes, enjoying a level of luxury that some humans can only dream of.(猎鹰术变得如此受欢迎，以至于建立了专门的医院来照顾这些美丽的鸟类。猎鹰甚至有自己的护照。它们是阿拉伯联合酋长国唯一合法允许乘坐飞机的动物，享受着一些人梦寐以求的奢华)”可知，在阿拉伯世界有专门的医院来照顾这些美丽的鸟类，也就是享有专业医疗服务。故选D项。
4.（2023·全国·模拟预测）
Norwegians would perhaps highlight their custom of “g p tur”— going on a journey on foot or on skis. In Denmark, everyone knows what “hygge” is — to freely enjoy the good life with the people you love. They’re the
issues of “intangible cultural heritage”, things that cannot be physically touched such as traditions, stories, music, dance and craft skills.
In 2003, UNESCO, the education, science and culture organization of the United Nations, adopted an agreement to “preserve the intangible” and many developing-world countries were quick to get their traditions included on the official list. But it would take almost 10 years for “Agreement for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage” to be approved by the Scandinavian countries.
Annika Sj berg is responsible for managing the work of the agency in Sweden. She has been, and continues to be, flooded with suggestions of intangible cultural heritage worthy of protection, submitted by committed citizens and organizations wanting to see their particular traditions included on the list that should be ready sometime in the next couple of years.
Suggestions have also been received concerning various maritime traditions: old shipwright skills such as the building of wooden hulled vessels, are in decline and at risk of being lost forever.
“Our work has attracted considerable attention as it is regarded as being a little out in left field,” says Sj berg. “In addition, it’s also opened people’s eyes to the fact that the things we can’t physically touch indeed have a major bearing on the way in which we live. Even in an urbanized society, there is knowledge we carry with us that we’ve inherited from previous generations-knowledge that’s important to preserve and take care of.”
Sj berg explains that the point is not to preserve this cultural heritage in a stony rigid form, as traditions must be allowed to change and evolve. She also emphasizes that her work should not be interpreted as a nationalistic project, rather as a means of multicultural spreading.
It’s actually a matter of documenting the knowledge that exists in the various traditions. What is most exciting is the diversity that now exists and the ways in which different cultures interact with each other.
14．Why are “g p tur” and “hygge” mentioned at the beginning of the text
A．To remind people to enjoy a healthy lifestyle.
B．To introduce the main topic of the text.
C．To appeal to the world to mind physical cultures.
D．To highlight how special the northern European countries are.
15．How should a tradition be included on the official list
A．Date back to 2003. B．Last for ten years old.
C．Meet the agreements of UNESCO. D．Be in the developing country.
16．What do we know about Annika Sj berg
A．She is working for the UNESCO agency in Switzerland.
B．She monitors the protection of physical cultural heritage.
C．She tries her best to restore the world-wide particular traditions.
D．She has been managing the cases of the intangible cultural heritage.
17．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Creation of the UNESCO.
B．Annika Sj berg’s daily routine.
C．Intangible cultural heritage of UNESCO.
D．Safeguarding the cultures of the Scandinavian countries.
【答案】14．B 15．C 16．D 17．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Norwegians would perhaps highlight their custom of ‘g p tur’— going on a journey on foot or on skis. In Denmark, everyone knows what ‘hygge’ is — to freely enjoy the good life with the people you love. They’re the issues of ‘intangible cultural heritage’, things that cannot be physically touched such as traditions, stories, music, dance and craft skills. (挪威人可能会强调他们的习俗‘g p tur’—— 徒步或滑雪旅行。在丹麦，每个人都知道‘hygge’是什么——和你爱的人一起自由地享受美好的生活。它们是‘非物质文化遗产’的问题，即传统、故事、音乐、舞蹈和工艺技能等无法触摸的东西)”并结合第二段中“In 2003, UNESCO, the education, science and culture organization of the United Nations, adopted an agreement to ‘preserve the intangible’ and many developing-world countries were quick to get their traditions included on the official list.( 2003年，联合国教育、科学和文化组织联合国教科文组织通过了一项‘保护非物质文化’的协议，许多发展中国家很快将其传统列入了官方名单)”可推知，文章提到“g p tur”和“hygge”是为了引出本文主题：介绍联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产。故选B项。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2003, UNESCO, the education, science and culture organization of the United Nations, adopted an agreement to ‘preserve the intangible’ and many developing-world countries were quick to get their traditions included on the official list. But it would take almost 10 years for “Agreement for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage” to be approved by the Scandinavian countries. (2003年，联合国教育、科学和文化组织联合国教科文组织通过了一项‘保护非物质文化’的协议，许多发展中国家很快将其传统列入了官方名单。但是，斯堪的纳维亚国家要想通过《保护非物质文化遗产协定》，需要将近10年的时间)”可推知，
传统风俗必须遵守教科文组织的协定才能被列入官方名单。故选C项。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段“Annika Sj berg is responsible for managing the work of the agency in Sweden. She has been, and continues to be, flooded with suggestions of intangible cultural heritage worthy of protection, submitted by committed citizens and organizations wanting to see their particular traditions included on the list that should be ready sometime in the next couple of years. (Annika Sj berg负责管理瑞典的机构工作。她已经并将继续收到大量值得保护的非物质文化遗产的建议，这些建议是由坚定的公民和组织提交的，他们希望看到自己的特殊传统被列入名录，这些遗产应该在未来几年的某个时候准备好)”等内容可知，Annika Sj berg一直在管理非物质文化遗产的案例。故选D项。
17．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“In 2003, UNESCO, the education, science and culture organization of the United Nations, adopted an agreement to ‘preserve the intangible’ and many developing-world countries were quick to get their traditions included on the official list.( 2003年，联合国教育、科学和文化组织联合国教科文组织通过了一项‘保护非物质文化’的协议，许多发展中国家很快将其传统列入了官方名单)”可知，本文主要介绍了联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产。故选C项。
5.（2024·湖南岳阳·一模）
Classical Chinese furniture — a desk, a cabinet or any other fine piece of furniture and often out of precious wood —impresses us with its delicate shape. The secret of its graceful form is less visible and lies in its complicated sunmao (榫卯) system, which allows the various components to be assembled neatly without glue or nails.
Suzhou, a scenic and peaceful city in Jiangsu, a province long known for its wealth, developed its own tradition of classical furniture design over the centuries. Examples of the Suzhou-style furniture are currently on display as part of Oriental Wisdom in Sun Mao, a group exhibition at the Prince Kung’s Palace Museum in Beijing.
Running until Sunday, the show demonstrates the way that the complex sunmao technique has been used in making furniture, as well as the variations that developed in different parts of the country. Also on display are models of different kinds, as well as the components of two chairs, which are disassembled and laid out to give museum goers a clear view of the inner structure of classical furniture.
The Suzhou style flowered during the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), and once dominated the market in Jiangnan, the southern region along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It integrated input from the intellectual class, who put their ideals regarding living spaces and spiritual harbors into its design. According to Xu Jianping, one of
the inheritors of classical furniture design in the city, the Suzhou style presents beauty in the same delicate way the city does, and represents the life philosophy of its people to achieve “refinement through careful calculations”.
Guangzhou style furniture is normally made out of tropical hardwood, and its forms and decorative patterns show the influence of European furniture styles resulting from Guangzhou’s history as an international trade port. The Beijing style, which is more splendid, incorporates aesthetic (美学) and stylistic elements from both Suzhou and Guangzhou.
“While the Suzhou style is light in weight and elegant in outline, furniture in the Beijing style is more magnificent, as it used to be made for royalty and aristocracy.” Xu says. “Ultimately, people live with their furniture, so the principle of quality furniture is that it should be appropriate to the space.”
18．What is on display in the exhibition
A．The lifestyle in Sunzhou. B．The modern furniture in Suzhou.
C．The secret of sunmao system. D．The classical furniture in China.
19．What does the underlined word ”disassembled“ in paragraph 3 mean
A．taken apart B．broken up C．torn down D．given away
20．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A．The beauty of the delicate city. B．The development of the Suzhou Style.
C．The influence of historical design ideas. D．The formation of the Suzhou life philosophy.
21．Why did the author mention Guangzhou and Beijing style furniture
A．To compare their differences. B．To evaluate the usage of furniture.
C．To express the way to display furniture. D．To illustrate the theory of furniture design.
【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B 21．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了苏州家具展览——榫卯里的东方智慧。
18．推理判断题。根据第一段“The secret of its graceful form is less visible and lies in its complicated sunmao (榫卯) system, which allows the various components to be assembled neatly without glue or nails.(其优美造型的秘密不太明显，在于其复杂的“榫卯”系统，它可以让各种部件整齐地组装在一起，而不需要胶水或钉子)”以及第二段“Examples of the Suzhou-style furniture are currently on display as part of Oriental Wisdom in Sun Mao, a group exhibition at the Prince Kung’s Palace Museum in Beijing.(目前，苏州风格的家具作为“东方智慧”的一部分在北京故宫博物院的榫卯群展中展出)”可知，展览会上能了解榫卯结构的秘密。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“laid out to give museum goers a clear view of the inner structure of classical
furniture(被陈列以便于为博物馆游客提供古典家具内部结构的清晰视图)”可知，这些椅子经过拆开和布置，使博物馆游客能够清晰地看到古典家具的内部结构，推测划线词意思是“拆开”。故选A。
20．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The Suzhou style flowered during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and once dominated the market in Jiangnan, the southern region along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It integrated input from the intellectual class, who put their ideals regarding living spaces and spiritual harbors into its design. According to Xu Jianping, one of the inheritors of classical furniture design in the city, the Suzhou style presents beauty in the same delicate way the city does, and represents the life philosophy of its people to achieve “refinement through careful calculations”.(苏式在明朝（1368-1644）期间繁盛，并一度主导了江南（长江下游的南部地区）的市场。它整合了知识分子阶层的意见，他们将自己对生活空间和精神港湾的理想融入到设计中。许建平是苏州古典家具设计的传承人之一，他认为苏州风格与城市一样，以精致的方式呈现美，代表了苏州人“精于算计”的生活哲学)”可知，第四段主要是告诉读者苏州风格的发展过程。故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据第五段“Guangzhou style furniture is normally made out of tropical hardwood, and its forms and decorative patterns show the influence of European furniture styles resulting from Guangzhou’s history as an international trade port. The Beijing style, which is more splendid, incorporates aesthetic (美学) and stylistic elements from both Suzhou and Guangzhou.(广州风格的家具通常由热带硬木制成，其形式和装饰图案显示了广州作为国际贸易港口的历史所造成的欧洲家具风格的影响。北京风格的建筑融合了苏州和广州的美学和风格元素，更为华丽)”以及第六段““While the Suzhou style is light in weight and elegant in outline, furniture in the Beijing style is more magnificent, as it used to be made for royalty and aristocracy.” Xu says. “Ultimately, people live with their furniture, so the principle of quality furniture is that it should be appropriate to the space.”(“苏州风格的家具重量轻，外形优雅，而北京风格的家具更为华丽，因为它过去是为皇室和贵族制作的。”许说。“最终，人们和他们的家具一起生活，所以高质量家具的原则是它应该适合空间。”)”可推知，作者提到广州和北京风格的家具是为了说明家具设计的理论。故选D。
6.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13, and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens, in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit.
Every year, Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal, and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged (利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally: Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080, what does it look like, who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies
22．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．There are different types of education.
B．The present education needs improvements.
C．Education and economy are closely associated.
D．The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
23．What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to
A．It accepts students of all ages. B．It promotes competition.
C．It discourages individualized learning. D．It is all about play-based learning.
24．What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tough. B．Satisfactory. C．Optional. D．Required.
25．What is the suitable title for the text
A．An Example to All B．A Vision for Education
C．A Challenge for Education D．A Journey into the Future
【答案】22．D 23．A 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望。
22．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.(直到2035年左右，教育系统的主要功能是为经济提供下一代工人。在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们未来教育的目标是完全不同的。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages.(学校已经被不受年龄限制的“学习中心”所取代。)”可知，Shemsy去的学习中心接受所有年龄的学生。故选A。
24．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Being Human and the History of Humanity(做人和人类历史)”可知，做人和人类历史应该是全球儿童必修的课程，划线词mandatory的意思是“必修的”，和required意思相近，故选D。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example of what a child’s education looks like in 2080.(在2080年，教育的目的是社会及其所有成员的福祉。为了让你们更明白这一点，我想举一个2080年儿童教育的例子。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是对2080年的教育的展望，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“A Vision for Education(教育远景)”。故选B。压轴题03 阅读理解C、D篇
命题预测 分析近几年高考阅读理解C、D篇可知，高考命题中科普说明文一直都是以压轴题的形式存在，着重考查考生对于语篇的理解能力以及信息处理能力。 题材多样，语篇主要来源于英美主流报刊、杂志和网站。内容涉及科技创新发明、人工智能类、医疗保健卫生类、社会与文化研究报告、观念事理类、环境与保护类、动植物研究等多种领域，具有较强的思想性、趣味性、实际功用性和较强的时代感。 从近年全国卷和各地高考试卷中科普类阅读命题的统计来看，高考阅读理解科普类文章的理论性和逻辑性强、生词多、句式结构复杂。六种命题类型都有所体现。命题尊重语篇的文体特征和行文特点，考查了考生理解说明文语篇的能力，以及灵活运用各种阅读策略提取、归纳所读信息的能力，尤其加大了对概括能力和推断能力等高阶思维能力的考查。预测2024年高考对于科普说明文的考查仍然是重点。
高频考法 推理判断题 标题归纳题 细节理解题 词义猜测题
说明文基本规律及解题要领
高考中科普类阅读理解一般不给标题，反而经常要求考生选择最佳标题。说明文一般采用如下四部分：
首段：一般即是文章的主题段，开门见山点明新发明或研究对象。
背景: 交代问题的现状或研究的起因。
主干: 部分介绍研究所取得的突破，作者往往会详细介绍研究对象、研究方法、研究理论或具体的实验、统计等过程。
结尾: 通常会再次对中心进行概括、重述研究成果、预计的市场未来等与主题呼应。
二、说明文的解题技巧
1. 运用语篇结构（text structure），了解文章大意
科普说明文主题鲜明、脉络清晰，行文结构模式较为固定。弄清文本结构有助于把握文章主旨和阅读重点。社会文化研究类文章多用描述法、问题与历史文化背景等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的文化研究的内容及影响，内容涉及语言、传统习俗、建筑、艺术等行为模式、价值观念、知识体系等多方面的知识。 结构上一般采用上述四个部分，说明手法上常使用以下说明方法：描述法（包括举例子、下定义、列数据等）、因果法、问题与对策法。
实验研究型文章一般会以实验的过程进展为线索，多用描述法、问题与对策法等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的科学研究发现及其产生的影响。
阅读时，首先用略读法快速浏览每段的首尾句，根据英语说明文思维模式特征，作者一般都会开门见山，直奔主题。结尾通常也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应。因此在做主旨大意、写作意图和最佳标题等题目时，需要重点关注首尾段落里面高频复现的词汇和内容。
2. 定位标志词，分析长难句，进行逻辑推理判断
每一个问题，在原文中，都要有一个定位。然后精读，找出那个标志词或者中心句。根据题干要求，用查读法快速定位到相关段落。再利用标志词所提供的逻辑关系找到细节信息，如列数据、举例子、原因和结果等。如果句子成分复杂，有生词，也不要烦躁退缩，分析主句和从句或非谓语动词之间的关系，一些出现在术语、抽象概念、长难句前后的同义词、近义词等，都是用以理解文章的语境线索。通过这些对长句进行层层剖析，露出主干部分，就能明晰句意，弄懂作者的真实意图。
关注某人说到或推断观点态度题
某人说过的话，有时并不是题眼，但可以从侧面或某个角度来反映作者的观点，也就是作者想表达的，正确答案都是和这样的观点相一致的。要把握关键词，有感彩的词。
4.关注转折关系的逻辑词
说明文中常会出现表示转折意义的词，如however, but, yet,while等。这些词后面才是作者真正想表达的意思，常常会在此处命题。
5. 熟悉选项设置规律，关注细节
正确选项：文中内容的“同义替换”或者“归纳概括”。
干扰项：“张冠李戴”、“偷梁换柱”、“无中生有”和“以偏概全”四种类型。
03 社会文化研究类
1.（2223高三·江西鹰潭·开学考试）
Letting kids learn more about science at an early age is easier than you think. It is happening all around us, and you can use daily things to arouse (激发) your children’s interest. Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science. But you don’t need a high scientific degree to teach your children science. All you need is that you’re willing to try, to see the world, and to take the time to encourage their natural curiosity. When they strongly want to know about something, they get the ticket to the unknown world.
You can help by having an active attitude (态度) towards science yourself. Then start simply by asking your children questions about the things you see every day. Next listen to their answers without judging (评判) them, which will improve their confidence (自信), and help you decide just what your children know or do not know.
Different kids have different interest, so they need different kinds of science projects. Collecting rocks may interest your young daughter, but your older son may need something more to deal with it. Knowing your children is the best way to find enjoyable learning activities. Here are some more pieces of advice: Choose activities that are the right level of difficulty. If you are not sure, pick something easier. Read the suggested ages on any projects, books, and then make sure that the activity is proper for your children. Let your children choose the project or activity themselves. It’s easy enough to ask rather than force them. Suggest choosing 2 or 3 things your children can do. When a child picks something he or she is interested in, he or she will enjoy it and learn more from it.
1．What do most parents believe
A．Science should be learnt early.
B．Science teaching needs time.
C．Helping children with science is hard.
D．Many children have no interest in science.
2．What does the underlined word “curiosity” mean in English
A．The spirit of changing. B．The ability of understanding.
C．The method of thinking. D．The feeling of wondering.
3．How can we start to help children
A．By judging them. B．By asking them questions.
C．By collecting their answers. D．By deciding what interests them.
4．Which is the best way to find enjoyable learning activities for children
A．To know the children. B．To improve their confidence.
C．To have an active attitude. D．To offer different kinds of projects.
5．What can we mainly learn from the passage
A．How to choose activities for children.
B．Why to let children learn science earlier.
C．Why not force children to learn science.
D．How to arouse children’s interest in science.
2.（2024·全国·模拟预测）
Between 1945 and 2000, educators employed a fairly uniform approach. The teacher was the sun in the classroom, and all lessons and activities centered around him or her. Educators stressed the importance of discipline and obedience(服从) within the classroom, and students were expected to follow very rigid standards for behavior and academic performance. The stated goal of this model was to ensure fairness by applying the same expectations; however, the result was that only a few students succeeded while many others were left behind.
When computers and Internet technology entered the classroom a few decades ago, another pattern appeared and progressive educators immediately saw the opportunity to change the way school worked. Instead of needing to focus on the teachers for the vast majority of the day, students could use computers, websites, and even games to learn new materials and improve their skills and knowledge. Not all educators welcomed this shift, however, as some believed it took power and responsibility away from the teachers and cheapened the educational experience for learners.
Over the last decade, two distinct camps of educators have emerged. Tech advocates stress that computers and Internet technology allow students to learn at their own pace in an environment that makes them feel comfortable,
while the traditional classroom sets a pace that many learners can’t keep up with and often makes students feel uncomfortable. Traditionalists, on the other hand, believe that over-reliance on tech limits students’ ability to develop their own knowledge and skills and does little to prepare them for the realities of being adults in the real world.
Regrettably, the inability of these two parties to find an agreement has prevented the growth of our education system. We must learn from what worked in the past while adopting the best of our new technologies to create an education system that reflects our modern world. If we can’t get all our teachers on the same page, then we will be at risk of failing future generations.
6．Who can probably learn better under the 1945 -2000 model of education
A．Lisa who tends to read by herself. B．Michael who disciplines himself.
C．Kate who can focus on listening for long. D．Tom who prefers hands-on learning.
7．Why do some educators prefer the second education pattern
A．It allows for different learning styles. B．It has the same hope for students.
C．It fires students’ enthusiasm for learning. D．It reduces teachers’ level of stress.
8．What message is conveyed in paragraph 3
A．Two of a trade never agree. B．Everyone thinks in his way.
C．Every potter praises his pot. D．One’s words reflect one’s thinking.
9．What is the author’s understanding of a good education system
A．It’s full of well-trained subject teachers. B．It’s an accurate mirror of the real world.
C．It’s inclusive and accessible to all students. D．It’s an integration of tradition and modernity.
3.（23-24高三下·辽宁大连·阶段练习）
Falcons are powerful birds that may be trained to hunt in cooperation with humans. The art of training falcons as “hunting dogs of the skies” is called falconry (训鹰术). It was developed in the ancient Arabian Desert around 4000 B．C． In the past, falconry mainly involved hunting with falcons to supplement one’s diet. But now, it has become the favorite sport and pastime in the Arabian Peninsula.
Falconry includes three major processes: acquiring the falcons, training them, and hunting with them. Every year, falconers begin capturing wild falcons in June and July, the migration season. The best birds to catch are the ones with naturally nurtured hunting skills, aged one or two years. Once the falcons are captured, their heads are
immediately covered with a leather hood. This is essential because they imprint as their master whomever they see first after the hood is removed. Right after a bird is caught, the training process starts. It begins by depriving (剥夺) the bird of food to make it easier to tame. The birds are taught to know their own name and respond to their master when called. Arab falconers live with their birds day and night in order to build a strong relationship with them.
By the end of October or mid-November, the trained falcons are ready to hunt in the desert. They have excellent vision, 2. 6 times greater than that of a human. They are also the fastest divers on the planet. One hunting technique that sets them apart from other animals is that they can be trained to deliver their prey, without killing it first. This is vital in Islamic culture because animals used for food must still be alive to ensure that the meat is halal, that is, properly prepared according to Islamic law.
Falcons have played such a crucial role in traditional Islamic cultures that a number of countries in the Middle East have made them their national bird. Falconry has grown so popular that specialist hospitals have been established to take care of these magnificent birds. Falcons are even issued their own passports. They are the only animals in the United Arab Emirates that are legally allowed to travel inside planes, enjoying a level of luxury that some humans can only dream of.
10．What is the main reason for Arabic people to hunt with falcons today
A．To serve as entertainment and exercise.
B．To supplement their diet.
C．To replace the practice of hunting with dogs.
D．To honor their national bird.
11．What can we learn from the passage
A．Falconers don’t give food to falcons in order to capture them.
B．Falcons are not allowed to see their masters during the training process.
C．Wild falcons with natural hunting skills are ideal for falconers to catch.
D．The trainers’ names are written on the hoods covering the birds’ heads.
12．What especially makes falcons a unique species for hunting in Islamic culture
A．Falcons keep their prey alive before delivering it to falconers.
B．Falcons can form a strong bond with their owners quickly.
C．Falcons’ vision is particularly suitable for hunting in deserts.
D．Falcons are relatively easy to train for specific hunting.
13．According to the article, what privilege do falcons enjoy in the Arab world
A．Free air ticket. B．Passports issued by the King.
C．Expensive meals. D．Access to specialized medical care.
4.（2023·全国·模拟预测）
Norwegians would perhaps highlight their custom of “g p tur”— going on a journey on foot or on skis. In Denmark, everyone knows what “hygge” is — to freely enjoy the good life with the people you love. They’re the issues of “intangible cultural heritage”, things that cannot be physically touched such as traditions, stories, music, dance and craft skills.
In 2003, UNESCO, the education, science and culture organization of the United Nations, adopted an agreement to “preserve the intangible” and many developing-world countries were quick to get their traditions included on the official list. But it would take almost 10 years for “Agreement for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage” to be approved by the Scandinavian countries.
Annika Sj berg is responsible for managing the work of the agency in Sweden. She has been, and continues to be, flooded with suggestions of intangible cultural heritage worthy of protection, submitted by committed citizens and organizations wanting to see their particular traditions included on the list that should be ready sometime in the next couple of years.
Suggestions have also been received concerning various maritime traditions: old shipwright skills such as the building of wooden hulled vessels, are in decline and at risk of being lost forever.
“Our work has attracted considerable attention as it is regarded as being a little out in left field,” says Sj berg. “In addition, it’s also opened people’s eyes to the fact that the things we can’t physically touch indeed have a major bearing on the way in which we live. Even in an urbanized society, there is knowledge we carry with us that we’ve inherited from previous generations-knowledge that’s important to preserve and take care of.”
Sj berg explains that the point is not to preserve this cultural heritage in a stony rigid form, as traditions must be allowed to change and evolve. She also emphasizes that her work should not be interpreted as a nationalistic project, rather as a means of multicultural spreading.
It’s actually a matter of documenting the knowledge that exists in the various traditions. What is most exciting is the diversity that now exists and the ways in which different cultures interact with each other.
14．Why are “g p tur” and “hygge” mentioned at the beginning of the text
A．To remind people to enjoy a healthy lifestyle.
B．To introduce the main topic of the text.
C．To appeal to the world to mind physical cultures.
D．To highlight how special the northern European countries are.
15．How should a tradition be included on the official list
A．Date back to 2003. B．Last for ten years old.
C．Meet the agreements of UNESCO. D．Be in the developing country.
16．What do we know about Annika Sj berg
A．She is working for the UNESCO agency in Switzerland.
B．She monitors the protection of physical cultural heritage.
C．She tries her best to restore the world-wide particular traditions.
D．She has been managing the cases of the intangible cultural heritage.
17．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Creation of the UNESCO.
B．Annika Sj berg’s daily routine.
C．Intangible cultural heritage of UNESCO.
D．Safeguarding the cultures of the Scandinavian countries.
5.（2024·湖南岳阳·一模）
Classical Chinese furniture — a desk, a cabinet or any other fine piece of furniture and often out of precious wood —impresses us with its delicate shape. The secret of its graceful form is less visible and lies in its complicated sunmao (榫卯) system, which allows the various components to be assembled neatly without glue or nails.
Suzhou, a scenic and peaceful city in Jiangsu, a province long known for its wealth, developed its own tradition of classical furniture design over the centuries. Examples of the Suzhou-style furniture are currently on display as part of Oriental Wisdom in Sun Mao, a group exhibition at the Prince Kung’s Palace Museum in Beijing.
Running until Sunday, the show demonstrates the way that the complex sunmao technique has been used in making furniture, as well as the variations that developed in different parts of the country. Also on display are models of different kinds, as well as the components of two chairs, which are disassembled and laid out to give
museum goers a clear view of the inner structure of classical furniture.
The Suzhou style flowered during the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), and once dominated the market in Jiangnan, the southern region along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It integrated input from the intellectual class, who put their ideals regarding living spaces and spiritual harbors into its design. According to Xu Jianping, one of the inheritors of classical furniture design in the city, the Suzhou style presents beauty in the same delicate way the city does, and represents the life philosophy of its people to achieve “refinement through careful calculations”.
Guangzhou style furniture is normally made out of tropical hardwood, and its forms and decorative patterns show the influence of European furniture styles resulting from Guangzhou’s history as an international trade port. The Beijing style, which is more splendid, incorporates aesthetic (美学) and stylistic elements from both Suzhou and Guangzhou.
“While the Suzhou style is light in weight and elegant in outline, furniture in the Beijing style is more magnificent, as it used to be made for royalty and aristocracy.” Xu says. “Ultimately, people live with their furniture, so the principle of quality furniture is that it should be appropriate to the space.”
18．What is on display in the exhibition
A．The lifestyle in Sunzhou. B．The modern furniture in Suzhou.
C．The secret of sunmao system. D．The classical furniture in China.
19．What does the underlined word ”disassembled“ in paragraph 3 mean
A．taken apart B．broken up C．torn down D．given away
20．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A．The beauty of the delicate city. B．The development of the Suzhou Style.
C．The influence of historical design ideas. D．The formation of the Suzhou life philosophy.
21．Why did the author mention Guangzhou and Beijing style furniture
A．To compare their differences. B．To evaluate the usage of furniture.
C．To express the way to display furniture. D．To illustrate the theory of furniture design.
6.（2024·浙江杭州·二模）
Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s. Until about 2035, the main function of education systems was to supply the economy with the next generation of workers. In 2080, the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members. To make this a bit more tangible for you, I would like to give an example
of what a child’s education looks like in 2080. Her name is Shemsy. Shemsy is 13, and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist. The institution was abolished as it was widely thought of as more like a prison or a factory than a creative learning environment. Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages. They are where intergenerational learning happens, in line with the belief that learning is a lifelong pursuit.
Every year, Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”. Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community. She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as essential and core to our humanity. Shemsy works a lot collaboratively. Access to education is universal, and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly. Variability between students is expected and leveraged (利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength. Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets. She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally: Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080, what does it look like, who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies
22．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．There are different types of education.
B．The present education needs improvements.
C．Education and economy are closely associated.
D．The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
23．What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to
A．It accepts students of all ages. B．It promotes competition.
C．It discourages individualized learning. D．It is all about play-based learning.
24．What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tough. B．Satisfactory. C．Optional. D．Required.
25．What is the suitable title for the text
A．An Example to All B．A Vision for Education
C．A Challenge for Education D．A Journey into the Future
