压轴题09 完形填空
命题预测 分析近几年新高考完形填空可知，高考完形填空注重考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，命题遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的思路。内容情节深刻，常涉及人物心理活动的细致描写，篇章与句子结构变化丰富，文章内容将文化、知识、教育、趣味等融为一体，时代感突出，生活化明显，寓教于乐，充满正能量。预测2024年高考对于完形填空的考查仍是压轴考题。
高频考法 句中题 句间题 语篇题
完形填空基本规律及解题要领
夹叙夹议类完形填空题材多为具有一定哲理和教育意义的夹叙夹议文。词数200-300之间，设空距离为10个词左右。所选材料结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。近几年新高考的夹叙夹议文完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来做出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当的难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项语法和词性方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。
命题规律：
命题以动词和名词等实词为主，完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。高考完形填空题考查动词(5-8个)名词(4一6个)、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。
句中命题 主要考查考生正确理解句意的能力和词汇的辨析能力。这类题设题较多。
句组命题 从上下文中命题，占比最大，考查考生对上下文的理解能力。
情境命题 这种题难度较大，考查考生对文章中心脉络、结构层次的把握能力。并具有瞻前顾后，把握全文的全局意识。
情感命题 要求考生理解文章，对作者的思想或心理进行准确的推理判断能力。
逻辑命题 考查考生的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据事情发生、发展的规律，按照作者的思维方式、语言风格等对文章的行文逻辑进行分析，做出判断。
二、完形填空的解题技巧
1. 通读全文，把握大意
研读首句或首段，跳过空格，弄清文脉，抓住主旨大意，有助于把握短文文意进行初选。
2. 明确写作要素
弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
3. 瞻前顾后，先易后难
动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。先做最有把握的，简单直接的题，对于一下子不能确定答案的题，先跳过，最后再回过头来集中精力根据完形填空的高频考法和命题规律解决难点。此时一定关注语篇中的线索词。
4. 角色代入法
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于按照作者的思维逻辑、情感色彩，深入理解文章的含义。
5. 巧用信息复现法
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、概括词和代词复现等。语篇中如果有词汇和结构复现与话题相关等情况时，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
6. 利用逻辑关系法
句子或词组不是孤立存在的，其出现有一定的逻辑关系，可通过句中或句间的逻辑关系，如例证、转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词来解题。
7. 复读再验证
完成各个选项后，把所选的选项代入文中，再把全文通读一遍，看所选的选项是否意思前后关联，顺利成章，语法结构是否正确，语言表达形式是否符合习惯用法。
02 夹叙夹议文
1.（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an 1 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 2 . Every day, Dad 3 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 4 . We went through diverse 5 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 6 a particularly rough path. Frightened, I 7 , not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents 8 .
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 9 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I 10 the confidence as my feet 11 solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became 12 as a family.
From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we 13 called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, 14 , and insights from the day’s experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 15 together.
1．A．crowded B．physical C．creative D．necessary
2．A．relationships B．potentials C．dreams D．inspirations
3．A．guided B．encouraged C．comforted D．attracted
4．A．events B．stations C．locations D．shows
5．A．cultures B．landscapes C．groups D．countries
6．A．imagined B．constructed C．smoothed D．encountered
7．A．froze B．flew C．fell D．forgot
8．A．reached down B．stood aside C．stepped in D．turned back
9．A．words B．worries C．noises D．thoughts
10．A．lost B．maintained C．demonstrate D．restored
11．A．left B．broke C．found D．dug
12．A．nicer B．tougher C．braver D．closer
13．A．originally B．affectionately C．frequently D．simply
14．A．sympathy B．conflict C．tears D．profits
15．A．challenges B．defeats C．opposition D．uncertainty
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者一家进行了一场难忘的全国旅行，这场旅行让整个家庭变得更亲密了，而且这场旅行也让作者懂得了旅行的真正意义。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不仅仅是一次现实的旅行；这是一次探索我们关系的旅行。A. crowded拥挤的；B. physical现实的；C. creative创造（性）的；D. necessary必要的。根据句中的“it was a journey of discovery into our 2 ”可知，这次旅行还是一次探索发现更深层次东西之旅，由此可知，这不仅仅是一场现实的旅行。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. relationships关系；B. potentials潜力；C. dreams梦想；D. inspirations灵感。根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”可知，这场旅行让家庭关系更亲密了，所以这是一场探索家庭关系的旅行。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，爸爸都用他可靠的路线图给我们引路。A. guided引导（某人至某地）；B. encouraged鼓励；C. comforted安慰；D. attracted吸引。根据空后的“with his trusty road map”可知，爸爸用地图给大家引路。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我们家的核心，分享了关于即将到的地点的民间故事并画画。A. events事件；B. stations火车站；C. locations地点；D. shows节目。根据空前的“the upcoming”和下文中的“We went through diverse 5 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.”可知，这里是说他们即将到访的地点。故选C。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种景观。A. cultures文化；B. landscapes风景；C. groups组；D. countries国家。根据空后的“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，这里是说他们看到的各种各样的景观。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。A. imagined想
象；B. constructed建造；C. smoothed使平滑；D. encountered遇到。根据下文中的“not knowing how to proceed”可知，作者遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了，僵住了，不知道该怎么办。A. froze（因害怕等）不动；B. flew飞行；C. fell落下；D. forgot忘记。根据句中的“Frightened”可知，作者吓得僵住了。故选A。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时我父母介入了。A. reached down把……拿下来；B. stood aside站到一边；C. stepped in介入；D. turned back使返回。根据下文中的“As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 9 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.”可知，父母过来帮助作者，所以是介入了作者所处的困境。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸给我看立足点时，妈妈用平静的话语指导我，并提醒我前方的壮丽景色。A. words话语；B. worries担心；C. noises噪音；D. thoughts想法。根据句中的“coached me”可知，妈妈用平静的话语指导作者。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我的双脚再次站稳脚跟时，我恢复了信心。A. lost失去；B. maintained维持；C. demonstrate证明；D. restored恢复。根据上文中的“Frightened, I 7 , not knowing how to proceed.”和下文中的“I finally overcame my fear”可知，作者一开始看到这条崎岖小路时吓呆住了，后来在父母的帮助下终于克服了自己的害怕，由此可知，作者重新恢复的信心。故选D
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. left离开；B. broke弄坏；C. found找到；D. dug挖。根据上文中的“Dad showed me footholds”和空后的“solid ground again”可知，作者在父母的指导下找到了立足点，双脚找到了结实的地面站稳了。故选C。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我终于克服恐惧时，我觉得我们作为一家人变得更亲密了。A. nicer更好的；B. tougher更艰苦的；C. braver更勇敢的；D. closer更亲近的。根据下文中的“the family bonds formed”和空后的“as a family”可知，作者一家人变得更加亲密了。故选D
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，每天晚上，我们都会聚集在篝火旁，进行我们亲切地称之为“家庭回忆时间”的活动。A. originally原来，起初；B. affectionately亲切地；C. frequently频繁地；D. simply简单地，仅仅。根据空后的“called ‘Family Reflection Time’”并结合语境可知，他们将每晚进行的这个活动称为“家庭回忆时间”，由此可知，他们很喜欢这个活动，很亲切地给它取名字。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些活动中，我们会分享一天的经历带来的欢笑、泪水和见解。A. sympathy同情；B. conflict冲突；C. tears泪水；D. profits利润。根据空前的“laughs”可知，这里指一天经历的欢乐和泪水。故选C。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行教会了我，旅行的真正意义不仅仅是到达目的地，而是在旅途中
发生的个人成长，以及在共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。A. challenges挑战；B. defeats失败；C. opposition反对；D. uncertainty犹豫。根据空前的“facing”并结合上文作者面临崎岖小路时父母给予帮助可知，这里是说一家人一起面对挑战。故选A。
2.（2024·云南·二模）
Alone But Not Lonely
I walked into Panera and placed my order. After I paid and filled my plastic cup with water, I walked to find a 16 .As Is at down, I 17 that at the table next to me, there was an older man eating his soup alone. The chair in front of him was empty; he wasn’t 18 the seat. He was genuinely eating all alone.
As this fact settled in, a feeling of sadness began to 19 me. Was he lonely Did he want someone to keep him company This wasn’t the first time Id felt sad when I noticed someone eating alone. I don’t like being alone very much. 20 , I don’t like seeing people eat alone. I automatically 21 they’re lonely and need someone to be there for them.
For some reason, eating with other people is the 22 .Modern society has 23 to the point where most people eat with others and do almost every activity together. But is it possible we just don’t want to 24 lonely
For me, it’s easy to feel pressured to be alone 25 see everyone else around me 26 by a friend. So many people are always around someone else, and that may make people think we always need someone with us to feel 27 about ourselves.
But that’s not true. We can enjoy being alone and we shouldn’t be 28 to eat alone if that’s what we want to do. Ultimately, if seeing someone eating alone, I’ll bear in mind that maybe they just want a 29 from the world, or maybe they prefer it that way. It’s important to realize seeing someone doing something alone doesn’t always 30 they’re lonely.
16．A．spot B．mat C．seat D．man
17．A．suspected B．noticed C．assessed D．predicted
18．A．finding B．booking C．taking D．saving
19．A．call for B．turn down C．wash over D．appeal to
20．A．Therefore B．However C．Anyhow D．Nevertheless
21．A．appreciate B．insist C．advocate D．assume
22．A．norm B．sacrifice C．bonus D．dilemma
23．A．extended B．evolved C．fallen D．compared
24．A．sound B．turn C．appear D．prove
25．A．when B．although C．unless D．until
26．A．disturbed B．accompanied C．tracked D．envied
27．A．lonelier B．worse C．calmer D．better
28．A．thrilled B．afraid C．inspired D．pleased
29．A．wonder B．promise C．favor D．break
30．A．announce B．stress C．mean D．reveal
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了作者看到一个老人单独吃饭，开始反思单独一个人并不意味着孤独，我们可以享受独处，我们不应该害怕独自吃饭，如果这是我们想做的。重要的是要意识到，看到某人独自做某事并不总是意味着他们孤独。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我付了钱，把我的塑料杯装满水后，我走着找了个座位。A. spot地点；B. mat地垫；C. seat座位；D. man人。根据后文“As I sat down”指作者在找座位。故选C。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐下时，我注意到邻桌有一位老人在独自喝汤。A. suspected怀疑；B. noticed注意到；C. assessed评估；D. predicted预测。根据后文“that at the table next to me”指作者注意到了邻桌的老人，故选B。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他面前的椅子是空的；他没有在占座位。A. finding找到；B. booking预订；C. taking带走；D. saving挽救，保存。根据上文“The chair in front of him was empty”可知，老人前面的椅子是空的，说明他没有在占座位。save表示“保留”符合语境。故选D。
19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这个事实确定下来，一种悲伤的感觉开始席卷我。A. call for需要；B. turn down拒绝；C. wash over彻底影响；D. appeal to呼吁。根据上文“a feeling of sadness began to”指悲伤的感觉影响了作者。故选C。
20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我不喜欢看到人们一个人吃饭。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Anyhow无论如何；D. Nevertheless然而。结合“ I don’t like being alone very much.”可知此处表示“因此”。故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自然而然地认为他们很孤独，需要有人在他们身边。A. appreciate感激；B. insist坚持；C. advocate提倡；D. assume认为。根据后文“they’re lonely and need someone to be there for them”指作者看到有人单独吃饭，会自然而然地认为他们很孤独，需要有人在他们身边。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于某种原因，和别人一起吃饭是一种常态。A. norm常态；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. bonus奖金；D. dilemma困境。根据后文“where most people eat with others and do almost every activity together”可知，和别人一起吃饭是一种常态，因为现代社会已经发展到大多数人都和别人一起吃饭，一起做几乎所有的活动。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代社会已经发展到大多数人都和别人一起吃饭，一起做几乎所有的活动。A. extended扩大；B. evolved发展，进化；C. fallen落下；D. compared比较。根据后文“to the point where most people eat with others and do almost every activity together.”指社会发展到大多数人都和别人一起吃饭，一起做几乎所有的活动。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有没有可能我们只是不想显得孤独呢？A. sound听起来；B. turn转弯；C. appear出现、呈现；D. prove证明。后文“it’s easy to feel pressured”提到独处感到有压力，说明不想显得孤独，故选C。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，当看到周围的人都有朋友陪伴时，我很容易感到独处的压力。A. when当……时候；B. although虽然；C. unless除非；D. until直到。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，当看到周围的人都有朋友陪伴时，我很容易感到独处的压力。A. disturbed打扰；B. accompanied陪伴；C. tracked跟踪；D. envied羡慕。根据后文“by a friend”指周围的人有朋友陪伴。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么多的人总是在别人身边，这可能会让人们认为我们总是需要有人和我们在一起才能感觉更好。A. lonelier更孤单的；B. worse更差的；C. calmer更平静的；D. better更好的。根据上文“So many people are always around someone else”可知，因为总是有人在身边，会让人们认为我们总是需要有人和我们在一起才能感觉更好。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可以享受独处，我们不应该害怕独自吃饭，如果这是我们想做的。A. thrilled激动的；B. afraid害怕的；C. inspired受到鼓舞的；D. pleased高兴的。根据上文“We can enjoy being alone and we shouldn’t”可知，我们可以享受独处，我们不应该害怕独自吃饭。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，如果看到有人一个人吃饭，我会记住，也许他们只是想从这个世界中休息一下，或者他们喜欢这样。A. wonder奇迹；B. promise承诺；C. favor帮助；D. break休息。根据上
文“if seeing someone eating alone”可知，有人独自吃饭，是因为想暂时从这个世界休息一下，一个人静一静。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要意识到，看到某人独自做某事并不总是意味着他们孤独。A. announce宣布；B. stress强调；C. mean意味着；D. reveal揭示。根据上文“seeing someone doing something alone doesn’t always”指看到某人独自做某事并不总是意味着他们孤独。故选C。
3.（2024·黑龙江·二模）
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The 31 allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and 32 a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to 33 as a team.
This team 34 eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working 35 were not the best. During the night when I 36 them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and 37 that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their 38 was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible 39 , which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to 40 their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调)with each other, and we have a great 41 of team spirit, believe in our 42 , and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “ 43 ” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the 44 that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed 45 and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
31．A．leader B．learner C．waiter D．customer
32．A．defend against B．look into C．leave out D．serve as
33．A．set out B．stand out C．work out D．run out
34．A．accounts for B．concentrates on C．consists of D．cares about
35．A．conditions B．habits C．states D．attitudes
36．A．bothered B．reminded C．trained D．observed
37．A．far from B．in return for C．apart from D．in case of
38．A．pay B．mood C．diet D．rent
39．A．delivery B．smell C．quality D．shape
40．A．compare B．uncover C．adjust D．keep
41．A．taste B．bite C．review D．sense
42．A．limitation B．prejudice C．purpose D．complaint
43．A．special B．normal C．hesitant D．ridiculous
44．A．pity B．security C．pride D．tense
45．A．self-centered B．self-employed C．self-funded D．self-driven
【答案】
31．A 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．B 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述一个具体团队的运作方式和他们的成功经历，展示了有效团队的特点和价值，详细叙述了作者与团队成员的交流，以及团队成员对于团队发展和运作的见解，从而揭示了团队成功的秘诀。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. leader领导者；B. learner学习者；C. waiter侍者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后的“allows the members on the team to establish teamwork”可推测，空处指的是领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作。故选A。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. defend against为……申辩；B. look into调查；C. leave out省去、不考虑；D. serve as担任。根据空后的“a communication channel”可知，这是领导者应该担当的角色。故选D。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：以下是他们作为团队脱颖而出的故事。A. set out出发、开始；B. stand out脱颖而出；C. work out锻炼、计算出、解决；D. run out用尽、耗尽。根据上文“I followed up with one of our
customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，这支团队非常成功，由此可知，空处指的是脱颖而出。故选B。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个小组由18名成员组成，他们在位于德克萨斯州的一家制造工厂工作。A. accounts for占据、是……的原因；B. concentrates on集中注意力于……；C. consists of由……组成；D. cares about关心。根据空后的“eighteen members”以及句意可知，空处指的是“由……组成”，符合句意。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的工作条件不是最好的。A. conditions条件、情况；B. habits习惯；C. states状态、州；D. attitudes态度。根据下文“During the night when I ____6____ them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and ____7____ that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，他们的工作条件并不是很好。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. bothered烦扰；B. reminded提醒；C. trained培训；D. observed观察、庆祝。根据上文“I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，作者亲自跟进了这个成功的团队，由此可知，作者是在观察他们的工作。故选D。
37．考查短语词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. far from远离、一点也不；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. apart from除了；D. in case of以防……。根据空前“they were performing a hot and dirty job”以及空后“they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，空前空后都是描述了他们工作的情况。由此可推测，空处指的是“除……以外”。故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. pay薪资；B. mood情绪；C. diet规律饮食；D. rent租金。根据下文“the products they were making had a terrible ____9____, which most people can’t stand.”以及上文所说的工作条件差可推测，这个团队的薪酬也并不是最好的。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. delivery递送；B. smell气味；C. quality质量；D. shape形状。根据下文“which most people can’t stand.”可推测，这些产品还会发出难闻的气味。选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之所以知道这些信息，是因为当你有机会亲眼看到一个团队是如何真正运作时，你会想要揭示他们的秘密。A. compare比较；B. uncover揭开；C. adjust调整、适应；D. keep维持。根据下文“So I was looking for answers.”可知，作者想要揭开该团队成功的秘密。故选B。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. taste味觉、品味；B. bite一口；C. review复习、回顾；D. sense感觉。根据上文“we are in tune (协调)with each other”可知，团
队每个人都很协调，由此可知该团队拥有团队精神。sense of team spirit意思为：团队精神。故选D。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. limitation限制；B. prejudice偏见；C. purpose目标；D. complaint抱怨。根据上下文内容可知，该团队成功的原因是拥有目标，所以有自驱力，不需要正式的领导也可以进行运营。故选C。
43．考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：与其他156支团队相比，他们被形容为“特别”。A. special特别的；B. normal正常的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。根据上文“Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company.”可知，他们团队和其他156支队伍并不相同，因此他们是特别的。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们因受到积极的关注和成为最好的团队而产生的自豪感而备受鼓舞。A. pity同情、怜悯；B. security安全性；C. pride自豪；D. tense紧张。根据空后的“that went along with being the best”以及常理可知，成为最好的团队会产生一种自豪感。故选C。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个团队之所以能够保持自我驱动和自我指导，是因为他们被允许超越自己的“个体自我”。A. self-centered以自我为中心的；B. self-employed自己经营的；C. self-funded自筹资金的；D. self-driven自励的。根据文章第一段“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后“self-directed”可推测，空处指的是能够自我管理，自我驱动。故选D。
4.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）
As a ski instructor for children, I work with all sorts of behavior challenges. Kids seem to mask 46 less effectively than adults, so it’s 47 to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun. On one occasion, I was working with a group of 48 when one of them started to act out. He began spitting rude remarks and 49 instructions. After five years of working in this environment, I recognized that his 50 were not being met. Did he deserve 51 if he was not being kind himself Maybe. So, I took him aside and tried a(n) 52 .
I showered him with every ounce of 53 I could. I reassured (使安心) him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements. I 54 him when he fell. As the class 55 through trees, I saw his confidence grow. By the bottom, he was smiling as well. He quietly apologized for being 56 and thanked me for being his teacher.
Although this is an oversimplified example of kindness and behavioral psychology I know little about, I
learned something that day: Kindness 57 . I often think that we are still like kids as adults. We’re just better at 58 our unpleasant feelings. But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day, souls can be 59 . So, whether they 60 it or not, be kind.
46．A．secret B．ability C．disappointment D．discomfort
47．A．important B．easy C．useful D．difficult
48．A．adults B．children C．athletes D．undergraduates
49．A．ignoring B．demanding C．giving D．missing
50．A．standards B．expectations C．needs D．interests
51．A．sympathy B．kindness C．recognition D．attention
52．A．experiment B．instruction C．exercise D．conversation
53．A．security B．passion C．courage D．power
54．A．promised B．questioned C．encouraged D．persuaded
55．A．frequented B．skipped C．slipped D．weaved
56．A．shy B．late C．unkind D．stressed
57．A．remains B．occurs C．works D．continues
58．A．understanding B．hiding C．accepting D．expressing
59．A．protected B．purified C．released D．healed
60．A．deserve B．believe C．know D．discover
【答案】
46．D 47．B 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．A 53．A 54．C 55．D 56．C 57．C 58．B 59．D 60．A
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的经历，告诉人们要善待他人，说明了善者吾善之，不善者吾亦善之，德善的道理。
46．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们掩饰不适的能力似乎不如成年人，所以当他们感到冷、害怕或不开心时，很容易看出来。A. secret秘密；B. ability能力；C. disappointment失望；D. discomfort不适。根据后文“it’s 2 to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun”可知，孩子们不善于掩饰他们的不适。故选D项。
47．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. important重要的；B. easy容易的；C. useful有用的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文“Kids seem to mask 1 less effectively than adults”可知，孩子们的情绪变化很容易看出来。故选B项。
48．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我和一群孩子一起工作，其中一个孩子开始耍脾气。A. adults成年人；B. children孩子；C. athletes运动员；D. undergraduates大学生。根据前文“As a ski instructor for children”可知，作者和一群孩子在一起。故选B项。
49．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始说粗话，不听指示。A. ignoring忽视，不予理睬；B. demanding需要；C. giving给与；D. missing失去。根据前文“when one of them started to act out. He began spitting rude remarks”可知，这个孩子不听指挥。故选A项。
50．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的环境中工作了五年的我意识到他的需求并没有得到满足。A. standards标准；B. expectations期望；C. needs需求；D. interests兴趣。根据前文“He began spitting rude remarks and 4 instructions.”中孩子的行为和后文“were not being met”可知，孩子的需求未得到满足。故选C项。
51．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他自己都不善良，他还值得被善待吗？A. sympathy同情；B. kindness善良；C. recognition识别；D. attention注意。根据语境和后文“if he was not being kind himself”可知，孩子自己表现得不够善良。故选B项。
52．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把他叫到一边，做了一个实验。A. experiment实验；B. instruction指示；C. exercise练习；D. conversation对话。根据前文“Did he deserve 6 if he was not being kind himself Maybe.”和后文内容可知，作者做了一个教育实验。故选A项。
53．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向他提供了我所能提供的一切安全保障。A. security安全；B. passion热情；C. courage勇气；D. power能量。根据后文“I reassured（使安心）him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements. I 9 him when he fell.”可知，作者为这个孩子提供安全保障。故选A项。
54．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跌倒时我鼓励他。A. promised承诺；B. questioned询问；C. encouraged鼓励；D. persuaded劝说。根据语境和前文“I reassured (使安心) him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements.”和后文“when he fell.”可知，在男孩摔倒时，作者鼓励他。故选C项。
55．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当班级穿过树林时，我看到他的信心在增长。A. frequented常去；B. skipped跳过；C. slipped滑；D. weaved编织，穿行。根据后文“through trees”可知，班级穿过树林。故选D项。
56．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他悄悄地为自己的不友善道歉，并感谢我做他的老师。A. shy害羞的；B. late晚的；C. unkind不友善的；D. stressed有压力的。根据第一段中“He began spitting rude remarks and 4 instructions.”以及前文“He quietly apologized”可知，男孩为他之前不友善的行为道歉。故选C项。
57．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这是一个关于善良和行为心理学的过于简单的例子，我对它知之甚少，但那天我得到了一些心得：善良是起作用的。A. remains保留；B. occurs发生；C. works起作用，有效；D. continues继续。根据前文“He quietly apologized for being 11 and thanked me for being his teacher.”可知，作者的善良改变了男孩的态度，所以作者认为善良是起作用的。故选C项。
58．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只是更善于隐藏不愉快的感觉。A. understanding理解；B. hiding隐藏；C. accepting接受；D. expressing表达。根据第一段中“Kids seem to mask 1 less effectively than adults, so it’s 2 to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun.”可知，成年人比孩子更善于隐藏自己不愉快的感受。故选B项。
59．
考查动词过去分词（形容词）词义辨析。句意：当有人在漫长的一天后给你一个拥抱，灵魂就能得到治愈。A. protected受保护的；B. purified净化的；C. released被释放的；D. healed被治愈的。根据前文“I learned something that day: Kindness 12 ”以及“And when someone offers a hug after a long day”可知，善良是起作用的，一个拥抱可以治愈我们的灵魂。故选D项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，不管他们应得与否，都要善待他们。A. deserve值得；B. believe相信；C. know知道；D. discover发现。根据第一段中“Did he deserve 6 if he was not being kind himself Maybe.”和前文“But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day, souls can be 14 .”可知，不管别人应该不应该得到，都要善待他们，善者吾善之，不善者吾亦善之，
德善。故选A项。
5.（23-24高三下·安徽·阶段练习）
I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom did. That just didn’t seem right to me. If anyone 61 a long life, it was my mom. She was kind, cheerful and filled with love. During her last four years, she fought 62 against cancer and never gave up. I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her, something I didn’t do that much as a child. I 63 not telling her that more often when I was a child. 64 , she passed away at the age of 55.
After her death, my own health broke. I developed double pneumonia (肺炎). Later, although my body 65 , my spirit remained burdened with 66 . I couldn’t imagine living without my mom, and I wanted my 67 to know her love. One day, while I sat in pain on the couch, my little girl climbed onto my laps to 68 me. Her brother joined her, and I held them both closely. In that moment, I felt Mom’s loving 69 in the room. I knew I had to keep going.
I promised myself that I would 70 stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children. I believed that her 71 spirit would always live within me. I could hear her laughter in my mind, 72 me to rise up and live again.
Each day is a fresh beginning. Mom lived by this 73 . She never wasted a single moment, 74 laughter, love, and kindness to everyone she met. Each day, she made the world a better place for our family. I will strive to follow her example and embrace each day as a new 75 for joy and growth.
61．A．demanded B．deserved C．enjoyed D．anticipated
62．A．bravely B．aimlessly C．impatiently D．secretly
63．A．practice B．regret C．imagine D．consider
64．A．Undeniably B．Typically C．Obviously D．Unluckily
65．A．collapsed B．resisted C．recovered D．shook
66．A．challenges B．purpose C．debts D．sorrow
67．A．children B．neighbors C．workmates D．students
68．A．bother B．comfort C．convince D．protect
69．A．attitude B．capacity C．guidance D．presence
70．A．combine B．compare C．read D．share
71．A．ambitious B．independent C．gentle D．professional
72．A．training B．forbidding C．begging D．urging
73．A．authority B．dimension C．principle D．theory
74．A．spreading B．promising C．explaining D．teaching
75．A．order B．opportunity C．fashion D．conclusion
【答案】
61．B 62．A 63．B 64．D 65．C 66．D 67．A 68．B 69．D 70．D 71．C 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了母亲生前的善良、乐观和爱心，以及自己小时候没有充分表达爱意的遗憾。母亲去世后，作者身体和精神都受到了打击，但在儿女的陪伴下感受到了母亲的爱意，决定继续前行。作者承诺要将母亲的爱和美好灵魂传承给孩子们，并努力践行母亲的生活态度，珍惜每一天，拥抱生活的喜悦和成长。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有人应该长寿，那就是我妈妈。A. demanded要求；B. deserved应得，配得上；C. enjoyed享受；D. anticipated预期。根据上文“I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom did. That just didn’t seem right to me.”可知，作者认为自己比妈妈在这里生活的时间更长是不合理的，结合下文“She was kind, cheerful and filled with love.”可推知，作者认为像妈妈这样的人，应该得到长寿。故选B项。
62．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在生命的最后四年里，她勇敢地与癌症作斗争，从未放弃。A. bravely勇敢地；B. aimlessly无目标地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“never gave up”可推知，妈妈勇敢地与癌症作斗争，从未放弃。故选A项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后悔小时候没有更经常地告诉她。A. practice实践；B. regret后悔；C. imagine想象；D. consider考虑。根据上文“I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her, something I didn’t do that much as a child.”可知，妈妈生病期间作者经常给妈妈说爱她，但小时候很少做样的事情。结合下文“she passed away at the age of 55”可知，妈妈病逝了，作者再也没有表达爱的机会，所以对自己小时候很少给妈妈说爱她感到后悔。故选B项。
64．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，她在55岁时去世了。A. Undeniably不可否认地；B. Typically典型地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Unluckily不幸地。根据下文“she passed away”可知，妈妈病逝，这是不幸的事情。故选D项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，虽然我的身体恢复了，但我的精神仍然背负着悲伤。A. collapsed崩
溃；B. resisted抵抗；C. recovered恢复；D. shook摇动。根据连词“although”可知，上下文之间是转折关系，下文“my spirit remained burdened”说作者仍有沉重的精神负担，那么上文应该是说身体已经恢复，构成转折关系。故选C项。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，虽然我的身体恢复了，但我的精神仍然背负着悲伤。A. challenges挑战；B. purpose目的；C. debts债务；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文“she passed away at the age of 55.”和下文“I couldn’t imagine living without my mom”可知，作者仍深陷于妈妈病逝的痛苦中。故选D项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法想象没有妈妈的生活，我想让我的孩子们知道她的爱。A. children孩子；B. neighbors邻居；C. workmates同事；D. students学生。根据下文“I promised myself that I would 10 stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children.”可知，作者想让自己的孩子们知道她妈妈的爱。故选A项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我痛苦地坐在沙发上时，我的小女儿爬到我的腿上安慰我。A. bother打扰；B. comfort安慰；C. convince说服；D. protect保护。根据上文“while I sat in pain on the couch, my little girl climbed onto my laps”和下文“In that moment, I felt Mom’s loving 9 in the room.”可知，女儿给了作者安慰，让作者感受到了妈妈爱。故选B项。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我感到妈妈的爱在房间里。A. attitude态度；B. capacity能力；C. guidance指导；D. presence存在。根据上文“One day, while I sat in pain on the couch, my little girl climbed onto my laps to 8 me. Her brother joined her, and I held them both closely.”可知，作者心情不好时，孩子们给予了安慰，结合“I felt Mom’s loving”可知，作者感受到了妈妈的爱仍然存在。故选D项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，我要和孩子们分享妈妈的爱和美丽灵魂的故事。A. combine结合；B. compare比较；C. read阅读；D. share分享。根据下文“stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children”可知，作者想跟孩子们们分享妈妈的故事。故选D项。
71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信她温柔的精神将永远活在我心中。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. independent独立的；C. gentle温柔的；D. professional专业的。根据第一段中“She was kind, cheerful and filled with love.”和下文“I could hear her laughter in my mind”可知，妈妈一直是善良的，温柔的。故选C项。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能在脑海中听到她的笑声，敦促我站起来重新生活。A. training训练；B. forbidding禁止；C. begging乞求；D. urging催促，敦促。根据上文“After her death, my own health broke. I developed double pneumonia (肺炎). Later, although my body 5 , my spirit remained burdened with 6 .”可知，妈妈病逝后，作者背负着悲伤，无法释怀，结合下文“to rise up and live again”可推知，对妈妈的记忆在敦促作者站起来重新生活。故选D项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈就是按这一原则生活的。A. authority权威；B. dimension维度；C. principle原则，信条；D. theory理论。根据上文“Each day is a fresh beginning.”可知，这是妈妈的生活原则。故选C项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从不浪费一分一秒，把笑声、爱和善良传播给她遇到的每一个人。A. spreading传播；B. promising承诺；C. explaining解释；D. teaching教学。根据下文“to everyone she met”可知，妈妈一直在传播笑声、爱和善良。故选A项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将努力以她为榜样，把每一天都当作快乐和成长的新机会。A. order命令；B. opportunity机会；C. fashion时尚；D. conclusion结论。根据上文妈妈的生活信条“Each day is a fresh beginning.”和句中“I will strive to follow her example”可推知，作者会遵从妈妈的生活信条，把每一天都看作是一个新的开始，把每一天都当作快乐和成长的新机会。故选B项。压轴题09 完形填空
命题预测 分析近几年新高考完形填空可知，高考完形填空注重考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，命题遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的思路。内容情节深刻，常涉及人物心理活动的细致描写，篇章与句子结构变化丰富，文章内容将文化、知识、教育、趣味等融为一体，时代感突出，生活化明显，寓教于乐，充满正能量。预测2024年高考对于完形填空的考查仍是压轴考题。
高频考法 句中题 句间题 语篇题
完形填空基本规律及解题要领
夹叙夹议类完形填空题材多为具有一定哲理和教育意义的夹叙夹议文。词数200-300之间，设空距离为10个词左右。所选材料结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。近几年新高考的夹叙夹议文完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来做出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当的难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项语法和词性方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。
命题规律：
命题以动词和名词等实词为主，完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。高考完形填空题考查动词(5-8个)名词(4一6个)、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。
句中命题 主要考查考生正确理解句意的能力和词汇的辨析能力。这类题设题较多。
句组命题 从上下文中命题，占比最大，考查考生对上下文的理解能力。
情境命题 这种题难度较大，考查考生对文章中心脉络、结构层次的把握能力。并具有瞻前顾后，把握全文的全局意识。
情感命题 要求考生理解文章，对作者的思想或心理进行准确的推理判断能力。
逻辑命题 考查考生的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据事情发生、发展的规律，按照作者的思维方式、语言风格等对文章的行文逻辑进行分析，做出判断。
二、完形填空的解题技巧
1. 通读全文，把握大意
研读首句或首段，跳过空格，弄清文脉，抓住主旨大意，有助于把握短文文意进行初选。
2. 明确写作要素
弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
3. 瞻前顾后，先易后难
动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。先做最有把握的，简单直接的题，对于一下子不能确定答案的题，先跳过，最后再回过头来集中精力根据完形填空的高频考法和命题规律解决难点。此时一定关注语篇中的线索词。
4. 角色代入法
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于按照作者的思维逻辑、情感色彩，深入理解文章的含义。
5. 巧用信息复现法
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、概括词和代词复现等。语篇中如果有词汇和结构复现与话题相关等情况时，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
6. 利用逻辑关系法
句子或词组不是孤立存在的，其出现有一定的逻辑关系，可通过句中或句间的逻辑关系，如例证、转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词来解题。
7. 复读再验证
完成各个选项后，把所选的选项代入文中，再把全文通读一遍，看所选的选项是否意思前后关联，顺利成章，语法结构是否正确，语言表达形式是否符合习惯用法。
02 夹叙夹议文
1.（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）
When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an 1 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 2 . Every day, Dad 3 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 4 . We went through diverse 5 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.
One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 6 a particularly rough path. Frightened, I 7 , not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents 8 .
As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 9 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I 10 the confidence as my feet 11 solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became 12 as a family.
From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we 13 called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, 14 , and insights from the day’s experiences.
The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 15 together.
1．A．crowded B．physical C．creative D．necessary
2．A．relationships B．potentials C．dreams D．inspirations
3．A．guided B．encouraged C．comforted D．attracted
4．A．events B．stations C．locations D．shows
5．A．cultures B．landscapes C．groups D．countries
6．A．imagined B．constructed C．smoothed D．encountered
7．A．froze B．flew C．fell D．forgot
8．A．reached down B．stood aside C．stepped in D．turned back
9．A．words B．worries C．noises D．thoughts
10．A．lost B．maintained C．demonstrate D．restored
11．A．left B．broke C．found D．dug
12．A．nicer B．tougher C．braver D．closer
13．A．originally B．affectionately C．frequently D．simply
14．A．sympathy B．conflict C．tears D．profits
15．A．challenges B．defeats C．opposition D．uncertainty
2.（2024·云南·二模）
Alone But Not Lonely
I walked into Panera and placed my order. After I paid and filled my plastic cup with water, I walked to find a 16 .As Is at down, I 17 that at the table next to me, there was an older man eating his soup alone. The chair in front of him was empty; he wasn’t 18 the seat. He was genuinely eating all alone.
As this fact settled in, a feeling of sadness began to 19 me. Was he lonely Did he want someone to keep him company This wasn’t the first time Id felt sad when I noticed someone eating alone. I don’t like being alone very much. 20 , I don’t like seeing people eat alone. I automatically 21 they’re lonely and need someone to be there for them.
For some reason, eating with other people is the 22 .Modern society has 23 to the point where most people eat with others and do almost every activity together. But is it possible we just don’t want to 24 lonely
For me, it’s easy to feel pressured to be alone 25 see everyone else around me 26 by a friend. So many people are always around someone else, and that may make people think we always need someone with us to feel 27 about ourselves.
But that’s not true. We can enjoy being alone and we shouldn’t be 28 to eat alone if that’s what we want to do. Ultimately, if seeing someone eating alone, I’ll bear in mind that maybe they just want a 29 from the world, or maybe they prefer it that way. It’s important to realize seeing someone doing something alone doesn’t always 30 they’re lonely.
16．A．spot B．mat C．seat D．man
17．A．suspected B．noticed C．assessed D．predicted
18．A．finding B．booking C．taking D．saving
19．A．call for B．turn down C．wash over D．appeal to
20．A．Therefore B．However C．Anyhow D．Nevertheless
21．A．appreciate B．insist C．advocate D．assume
22．A．norm B．sacrifice C．bonus D．dilemma
23．A．extended B．evolved C．fallen D．compared
24．A．sound B．turn C．appear D．prove
25．A．when B．although C．unless D．until
26．A．disturbed B．accompanied C．tracked D．envied
27．A．lonelier B．worse C．calmer D．better
28．A．thrilled B．afraid C．inspired D．pleased
29．A．wonder B．promise C．favor D．break
30．A．announce B．stress C．mean D．reveal
3.（2024·黑龙江·二模）
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The 31 allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and 32 a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to 33 as a team.
This team 34 eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working 35 were not the best. During the night when I 36 them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and 37 that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their 38 was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible 39 , which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to 40 their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调)with each other, and we have a great 41 of team spirit, believe in our 42 , and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle
of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “ 43 ” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the 44 that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed 45 and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
31．A．leader B．learner C．waiter D．customer
32．A．defend against B．look into C．leave out D．serve as
33．A．set out B．stand out C．work out D．run out
34．A．accounts for B．concentrates on C．consists of D．cares about
35．A．conditions B．habits C．states D．attitudes
36．A．bothered B．reminded C．trained D．observed
37．A．far from B．in return for C．apart from D．in case of
38．A．pay B．mood C．diet D．rent
39．A．delivery B．smell C．quality D．shape
40．A．compare B．uncover C．adjust D．keep
41．A．taste B．bite C．review D．sense
42．A．limitation B．prejudice C．purpose D．complaint
43．A．special B．normal C．hesitant D．ridiculous
44．A．pity B．security C．pride D．tense
45．A．self-centered B．self-employed C．self-funded D．self-driven
4.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）
As a ski instructor for children, I work with all sorts of behavior challenges. Kids seem to mask 46 less effectively than adults, so it’s 47 to see when they are cold, scared, or just not having fun. On one occasion, I was working with a group of 48 when one of them started to act out. He began spitting rude remarks and 49 instructions. After five years of working in this environment, I recognized that his 50 were not being met. Did he deserve 51 if he was not being kind himself Maybe. So, I took him aside and tried a(n) 52 .
I showered him with every ounce of 53 I could. I reassured (使安心) him and smiled when his skis responded effectively to his movements. I 54 him when he fell. As the class 55 through trees, I saw his confidence grow. By the bottom, he was smiling as well. He quietly apologized for being 56 and thanked me for being his teacher.
Although this is an oversimplified example of kindness and behavioral psychology I know little about, I learned something that day: Kindness 57 . I often think that we are still like kids as adults. We’re just better at 58 our unpleasant feelings. But our inner child needs healing and security. And when someone offers a hug after a long day, souls can be 59 . So, whether they 60 it or not, be kind.
46．A．secret B．ability C．disappointment D．discomfort
47．A．important B．easy C．useful D．difficult
48．A．adults B．children C．athletes D．undergraduates
49．A．ignoring B．demanding C．giving D．missing
50．A．standards B．expectations C．needs D．interests
51．A．sympathy B．kindness C．recognition D．attention
52．A．experiment B．instruction C．exercise D．conversation
53．A．security B．passion C．courage D．power
54．A．promised B．questioned C．encouraged D．persuaded
55．A．frequented B．skipped C．slipped D．weaved
56．A．shy B．late C．unkind D．stressed
57．A．remains B．occurs C．works D．continues
58．A．understanding B．hiding C．accepting D．expressing
59．A．protected B．purified C．released D．healed
60．A．deserve B．believe C．know D．discover
5.（23-24高三下·安徽·阶段练习）
I realized last year that I had lived here longer than my mom did. That just didn’t seem right to me. If anyone 61 a long life, it was my mom. She was kind, cheerful and filled with love. During her last four years, she fought 62 against cancer and never gave up. I remember calling her every day to tell her I loved her,
something I didn’t do that much as a child. I 63 not telling her that more often when I was a child. 64 , she passed away at the age of 55.
After her death, my own health broke. I developed double pneumonia (肺炎). Later, although my body 65 , my spirit remained burdened with 66 . I couldn’t imagine living without my mom, and I wanted my 67 to know her love. One day, while I sat in pain on the couch, my little girl climbed onto my laps to 68 me. Her brother joined her, and I held them both closely. In that moment, I felt Mom’s loving 69 in the room. I knew I had to keep going.
I promised myself that I would 70 stories of Mom’s love and beautiful soul with my children. I believed that her 71 spirit would always live within me. I could hear her laughter in my mind, 72 me to rise up and live again.
Each day is a fresh beginning. Mom lived by this 73 . She never wasted a single moment, 74 laughter, love, and kindness to everyone she met. Each day, she made the world a better place for our family. I will strive to follow her example and embrace each day as a new 75 for joy and growth.
61．A．demanded B．deserved C．enjoyed D．anticipated
62．A．bravely B．aimlessly C．impatiently D．secretly
63．A．practice B．regret C．imagine D．consider
64．A．Undeniably B．Typically C．Obviously D．Unluckily
65．A．collapsed B．resisted C．recovered D．shook
66．A．challenges B．purpose C．debts D．sorrow
67．A．children B．neighbors C．workmates D．students
68．A．bother B．comfort C．convince D．protect
69．A．attitude B．capacity C．guidance D．presence
70．A．combine B．compare C．read D．share
71．A．ambitious B．independent C．gentle D．professional
72．A．training B．forbidding C．begging D．urging
73．A．authority B．dimension C．principle D．theory
74．A．spreading B．promising C．explaining D．teaching
75．A．order B．opportunity C．fashion D．conclusion
