人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures课件(共80张PPT)

(共80张PPT)
Unit 1
Cultural Heritage
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures
Let′s review
1. This umbrella is likely to help you keep your __________
(平衡).
2. The chairman made a _________(建议) to the committee.
3. Most people made a _______ (抗议) against the conducts
of the government.
balance
protest
proposal
4. His careless conduct led to the_________(丢失) of the
documents.
5. This department is established to___________(调查)
the matter.
loss
investigate
课前自主预习
New words
The host will make a summary about the activity.
Summary [ s m ri] ___________________
In summary _________________
概述、摘要
总的来说
2. I am happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how
to download from the internet.
download ________________
----- (反) upload 上传
下载
3. I will be waiting for you at the entrance to Guangzhou
Railway Station.
entrance [ entr ns， n trɑ ns] ___________
college entrance examination ____________
入口，进入
高考
4. We made for the nearest exit.
exit [ eks t] _______________
emergency/fire exit _____________________
出口，通道
紧急出口，消防门
Let′s play
1. Leave the motorway _________________________.
在下一个出口处驶离高速公路.
2. He appointed to meet us ____________of the theatre.
他约定在剧院门口和我们碰头.
at the next exit.
at the entrance
3._______________summary，this was a disappointing
performance.
4.What′s Steven′s attitude towards people _____________
(download) his music
downloading
In
课文呈现
Describe people or things in greater detail
1 Look at the sentences below and underline
the relative pronouns and adverbs.
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help.
Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece，and then moved and put together again in a place where they were safe from the water.
Find more sentences containing relative clauses from the text on page 4.
用适当的关系代词和副词填空.
There comes a time _______ the old must give way to the new， ...
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics _______ were an important part of Egypt′s cultural heritage.
when
that
After listening to the scientists _______ had studied the problem，and citizens _______ lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help.
Temples ... and then moved and put back together again in a place _______ they were safe from the water.
Not only had the countries found a path to the future _______ did not run over the relics of the past ...
who
who
where
that
... by UNESCO，_______ runs a programme _______ prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.
which
that
Discuss in pairs about the major functions of the relative clauses. Then make a short summary in a table or mind map.
2 Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.
Step 1 明确主句和从句。
Step 2 找到先行词，确定它在主句中的功能。
Step 3 根据先行词和关系代词或关系副词在从句中的功能，
确定使用哪个关系代词或关系副词。
EXAMPLE
I have downloaded that free app，but it doesn′t work well. →
The free app (which/that) I have downloaded doesn′t work well.
一般出现两次的词就是先行词。
1. He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a
famous cultural relic in Egypt. →
The photo ____________________________________
______________________________________________
(which/that) he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.
2. The project team helped protect the national parks in the
United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members
from fifteen countries. →
The project team _______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
whose members were from fifteen countries helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania.
3. This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty. →
The time _____________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
when this temple was first built was during the Qin Dynasty.
4. We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to
the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of
building such a difficult structure. →
The professional archaeologist _____________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(who/whom) we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
5. The documents about the cultural relics from overseas are
under the desk. I found them yesterday. →
The place ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas yesterday is under the desk.
6. Scientists worked together day and night to rescue the
temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next
generation. →
The reason ___________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.
Discuss with a partner：Which relative pronouns can be deleted in your sentences When can you go without the relative pronouns like this
3 Work in pairs and play a game of definitions.
One asks the questions below and the other
answers them with relative clauses. Work out
two more questions of your own.
EXAMPLE
A：What is an exit
B： An exit is the door where/through which you can
leave a building.
1. What′s a library (from/in which；where)
A：What is a library
B：A library is the place from which you can borrow books.
B：A library is the place in which you study.
B：A library is the place where you read books.
2. What′s a good friend (to whom；who)
A：What is a good friend
B：A good friend is the person to whom you can turn for help.
B： A good friend is the person who always takes your side.
B：A good friend is the person who you always remember.
3. What′s a vacation (during which； when)
A：What is a vacation
B：A vacation is the days during which no one has to go to work or school.
B： A vacation is one of the periods of time when a university is closed.
B：A vacation is the days during which you enjoy freedom.
4. What′s a football coach (from whom； who)
A: What is a football coach
B: A football coach is someone who trains a person or team in a sport.
B: A football coach is someone from whom we can learn a lot physical skills.
B: A football coach is someone who gives private lessons to someone in a particular subject.
考点精讲
限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种.
关系词 词形 先行词 在句中的成分
关系代词 who 人 主、宾
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾
that 人、物 主、宾
whose 人、物 定
关系副词 when 时间词 状
where 地点词 状
why 原因词 状
一、限制性定语从句
1) 关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose，as
关系副词：where，when，why
2) 从句和主句的关系紧密，中间不用逗号隔开.
3) 定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果
去掉，主句意思就不完整.
既学既练
1. The woman ____________ survived the earthquake is
Amy′s English teacher.
2. This is the man __________________ the police have
been searching for.
3. I live next door to a couple _____________ children
often make a lot of noise.
Who/that
Who/whom/that
Whose
二、非限定定定语从句
1) 关系代词：which，who，whom，whose，as
关系副词：where，when，why
2) 从句和主句关系不紧密，去掉从句，主句意思仍
完整：
3) 从句和主句之间用逗号隔开.
既学既练
1. My new car，_________ I paid several thousand pounds
for，is not running well.
2. He is English，________ I know from his accent.
which
which
三、非限定定语从句引导词
1) 非限制定语从句不用that引导
Holly，_______is from Australia，has a good command of Chinese.
who
2) 关系代词和关系副词的选择关系词在从句中做主语或宾语时，用关系代词；在从句中做状语，用关系副词.
① The old man has a daughter ，_______is an artist.
② Opposite is St. Paul′s church，_________ you can hear some lovely music.
who
where
四、限制性定语从句与非限定定语从句的区别
1) 功能不同：
与先行词的关系 能否去掉
限制性定语从句 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 不可去掉，否则主句意义不完整
非限制定语从句 对先行词补充说明 可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。
① My elder sister __________has settled in Beijing sends
me e-mail almost every day.
② My elder sister，_______ has settled in Beijing，sends
me e-mail almost every day.
Who/that
Who
限制性定语从句 紧跟在先行词后，不用逗号隔开
非限制性定语从句 用逗号与主句隔开
2) 形式不同
① He is the man ______ has been removed from the
company.
② The project， _______lasted three years，cost no
less than 1 billion dollars.
who
which
3) 先行词不同
先行词
限定性定语从句 名词、代词或名词性短语
非限定性定语从句 名词、代词或名词性短语或整个句子
① This is the best novel that I have ever read.
The novel， ______I read last night，is very interesting.
② She said she had finished her work，__________ I
doubted very Much.
which
which
****as引导限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
(一) as引导限制性定语从句
用在固定搭配as…as，so……as， such…….as， the same…as中.
The world has been changing at such a high speed as no one has expected.
既学既练
① Such a meeting _____ is being held is very important.
② He is not the same man _______ we knew before.
as
as
(二) as引导非限制性定语从句
as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个句子的内容.
先行词：名词，整个或句子，
As的句法功能：做主语、宾语或表语.
as引导的定语从句的固定用法.
as we all know(as is known to us或as is well known) _______________ as is reported
_______________
as is often the case ______________ as is expected
____________
as has been said before _______________
众所周知
据报道
情况常常如此
正如期望的那样
如前所述
既学既练
① He is a gentleman，_______ is shown in his behavior.
② ______is supposed，he succeeds in the end.
③ _____ we know，the scenery of the city is beautiful.
④ _____ is often the case，we have worked out the
production plan.
⑤_____ we know， smoking is harmful to one′s health.
as
As
As
As
As
(三) as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。
as 引导的非限定定语从句 which引导非限制性定语从句
位置： which 只能放在主句后面 位置：as可以放在主句之前，可以放在句中，也可以放在句末.
含义： which 在句子没有含义 as译为“正如….”
eg. He said he had never seen her before，
which was not true.
＝___________________________
＝___________________________
As we know，air is a gas.
Air is a gas，as we know
既学既练
① Tom was late again，________ made my teache angry.
② ________ I have learnt from the newspaper，more
American troops are sent to the Middle East.
which
As
五、使用定语从句需要注意的事项
定语从句中的主谓一致问题
1) 定语从句中的关系代词做主语时，从句谓语要与先行词的人称、数一致。
Is he the man ____________wants to see you
who/that
2) as，which 做主语引导非限定性定语从句，指全句时，从句谓语动词用单数。
As _________(be) usual，he came to school late this morning.
Liquid water changes to vapor，__________ is called evaporation.
is
which
3).先行词为“one of the＋复数名词”时，关系代词从句主语，谓语用复数。
Freddy is one of the students who ________(want) to be diplomats in our class.
4).先行词为“the one of the＋复数名词”时，关系代词从句主语，谓语用单数。
He is the (only) one of the students who ______(have) been a winner of scholarship for 3 years.
want
has
Let′s do
1. Do you still remember the summer holiday __________
we made a journey to Beijing
2. The famous singer，__________is from Britain，has a
number of devoted fans in China.
3. She and her family bicycle to work，_______ helps them
keep fit.
when
who
which
4. Kate，__________ sister I shared a room with when we
were at college，has gone to work in Australia.
5. The little problems ____________ we meet in our daily
lives may inspirations for great inventions.
6. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one
of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
whose
that
whose
7. Self-driving is an area _________China and the rest of
the world are on the same starting line.
8. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy
atmosphere________ his employees enjoy their work.
9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，
_________ the weather may be better.
where
where
when
10. There is no simple answer ，_______ is often the case
in science.
11. After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，
_________urgently needed clean water， medicine and
shelter to survive.
as
who
1. Download v. 下载 n. 下载
Language points
反义词 -------- ____________v. 上传
upload
Download a game _________________
Download a software __________________
Download a app ______________________
Download a document __________________
下载游戏
下载软件
下载一个应用程序
下载文件
2. Professional adj. 专业的，职业的
n. 专业人员；职业选手
______________ n. 职业，行业
profession
Professional skills _____________________
Professional knowledge ___________________
专业技能
专业知识
Seek professional advice/help __________________
Look /sound professional _____________________
The medical/legal/teaching profession
_________________________
寻求专业意见、帮助
看上去、听起来很专业
医疗、法律、教学行业
既学既练
1. He failed to get promoted for lack of ________________
(profession) knowledge.
2. The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of
fire prevention ____________(profession).
professional
professions
3. Process n.过程、进程、步骤 vt. 处理、加工
____________ adj. 经加工的、加工过的
Processed
In the process of (doing) sth ___________________
In the process ________________________
在(做)某事的过程中
同时，在….过程中
The learning process_____________________
process … into…_______________________
Process an application____________________
Processed cheese/meat/fish ________________
学习过程
把….加工成…
处理申请
加工过的干酪、肉、鱼
既学既练
1.We are _________ ______ _________ _______selling
our old furniture.我们正在出售自家的旧家具。
2. The opinion that learning is a lifelong _______ has been
expressed by education experts throughout the years.
多年来，教有专家直认为学习是一个终身的过程。
in the process of
process
4. Overseas adj/adv. 海外的，海外地
overseas students _____________________
overseas investment __________________
go to work overseas ___________________
外国留学生
海外投资
去国外工作
eg. Most applications came from overseas.
_________________________________
大部分申请来自海外。
5. Go without 勉强维持，凑合，没有…也行
eg. When can you go without the relative pronouns
你什么时候可以不用关系代词
go against __________________
go in for ____________________
go ahead ____________________
go through ___________________
违背；对…不利
爱好；参加；从事
进行；(尤指经某人允许)开始做
通过；经历，经受；查看，调查
6. Work out 计算出；解决；锻炼
work out the maths problem 算出那道数学题
work out一词多义
work out regularly ______________________
work out as planned _____________________
work out the problem ____________________
经常锻炼
按计划进行
解决问题
v＋out 短语
figure out __________________________
break out __________________________
carry out __________________________
die out __________________________
解决；算出
突然开始；爆发
执行
灭绝；消失
Drills
1. The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of
fire prevention _______________.(profession)
2. It is possible to go___________ food for a few days.
without
professional
3. I like to give the children what they want even if I have
to go____________.
4. He was going ____________a very difficult time.
without
through
随堂练习
Exercise
1. What is Steven′s attitude towards _________________
(download) his music
2. Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees′
___________ (profession) development.
professional
downloading
3. Future 3D food printers could make _________ (process)
food healthier.
4. With such busy lives， It can be hard to try and find the
time to work ______.
5. He gave himself a new name to hide his identity when he
went to carry ______ the secret task.
processed
out
out
Summary
1. Know some knowledge about natural disasters.
2. Grasp some rules about how to talk about natural
disasters.
3. Grasp some words and expressions in this parts.
Homework
Do the exercises on your exercise book.
本课结束
This lesson is over
THANKS!