U4 Earthquake Language points

课件46张PPT。人教课标
高一 必修 1
Unit 4Unit 4 EarthquakesLanguage points1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.right away: at once; in no time; immediately
right now: at this very moment
Make up your mind ___________.
I’ll return the book ___________.right nowright away2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，并试着 总结burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。
1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water.
2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3) Hearing the news, the woman burst into laughter.5) There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us.burst作 ___ 词，意思是 _____（句1）；常用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然……起来（句3）；burst out doing突然……（句4）。burst作 ___ 词，意思是 _________（句5），还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。动爆裂名突然一阵用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。
1) The plane crashed and _________ flames.
2) The dam _____ because of the heavy rain.
3) It looked as if Kate was about to _____ ____ tears.
4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _________ laughing.burst outburst intoburstburstinto3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though
e.g. She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。
2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that
e.g. It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。 本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。
It seemed as if the world was at an end!
= It seemed that the world was at an end!at an endat the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;
by the end of 用于表示时间的场合，到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;
in the end 意思“最后、终于”。 at the end of
by the end of
in the end1) His father will return home
___________ this year.
2) He will be a scientist __________.
3) How many English words had you
learned ____________ last term?at the end ofin the endby the end of4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain state
in ruins: severely damaged or destroyedruin
destroy
damage① damage 指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与 to something 连用。e.g. The accident did a lot of damage to his car. ② destroy 只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 　③ ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。e.g. The fire ruined the house. The company is facing ruin. The house has fallen into ruin.Smoking ruined his health.
吸烟毁了他的健康。She ruined his prospects.
她毁了他的前途。The village ____ in ruins after the war.
These machines have ____ idle since the
factory closed.laylainEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _________. destroyedHe ______ his girl friend’s prospects.ruinedSoft wood ________ easily.damagesAn earthquake left the whole town _________.
His career is ________.in ruinsin ruins 5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the surface of the earth ____ covered by water.
Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ____ young.
以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。isare请根据提示完成下列句子。
1) ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ____ (be) girls.
2) ___________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night.
3) ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company.
4) ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday ____ (be) interesting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5) ___________________ (数万) people ___________ (dance) in the big square now.
6) There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.
7) ________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain _________ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percentinjure
hurt
wound injure: to hurt oneself / sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示受伤，伤害。injure 一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外伤”。 wound 一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。hurt 可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。Their criticisms _________ him deeply.
Smoking will ________ his health.
He was slightly _______ in the car accident.
He got _________ in the fighting.
What you said _____ my feeling.have hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt6. People were shocked.e.g. I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.I was shocked at her smoking.shock v. （使）震惊，使惊愕e.g. Whoever touches that wire can get badly shocked. e.g. It gave me quite a shock to be told I was seriously ill.shock v. 使受电击shock n. 震惊e.g. An electric shock can kill you.shock n. 电击有类似用法的词有很多，如：interest, frighten, excite, puzzle, satisfy 等。shock 有两种分词转化成的形容词形式：
shocking令人震惊的(用来修饰物); shocked震惊的(用来修饰人)。用shock的适当形式填空。
1) The news of his mother’s death was a terrible _______ to him.
2) What _______ us most was that such a good boy should quarrel with his father.
3) O Henry’s short stories always gave the readers ________ endings.shockingshockshocked7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。
1) The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it).
2) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information.
3) If we’re lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.[归纳] trap 可以作 _____，意为： ___________（句1）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (doing) sth.，表示“使中计；使陷入圈套”（句2）。也可以作名词，意为： _____（句3）； _____（句4）。动词使陷入困境困境陷阱4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government.根据括号内的提示完成句子。
1. I knew perfectly well _____________ (这是一个陷阱).
2. By clever questioning, they ________
________ (诱使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into1. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.
这是一个复合句。主句是 ____________
__________________________________
__________，outside the city of Tangshan在主句中作地点状语，_____引导时间状语从句。 The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshanwhen【翻译】 即使天空没有飞机，在唐山市城外也可以听到飞机声。
【仿写】 即使事情老是不如意，我的同桌也从未放弃。
________________________________________________________________My desk-mate never gives up even when things keep going badly.2. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
这是一个复合句。句子的主干是 __________________________________ _________________。_____引导非限制 性定语从句，修饰people。But the one million people were asleep as usual that nightwho【翻译】 但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
【仿写】 但是，那位与我素不相识的年轻人，那天就像我的亲兄弟一样帮助我摆脱了困境。
______________________________________________________________________
______________But the young man, whom I didn’t know, helped me out like my own brother that day.3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
这是一个复合句。主句是 _________， as if 引导表语从句，其后从句中谓语 动词常用虚拟语气。
【翻译】 世界似乎到了末日!
【仿写】 这场仗似乎老打不完。
______________________________ ______________________________It seemed It seemed as if the fight would never end. 4. The army organized teams to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the
dead.
部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖
出来，将死者掩埋。
句子的主干是The army organized teams, to dig out ... and to bury ... 这两个不定式短语作目的状语，who were trapped是定语从句，修饰 _____。 those【仿写】 他们种下许多果树，让那些穷人富裕起来，而且也是为了保护环境。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________They planted plenty of fruit trees to make those who were poor rich and also to protect the environment.dig out 挖掘；发现
to dig out the tapped miners
把困在井下的矿工们挖救上来
to dig oneself out of the snow
自己从雪堆中爬出来
e.g. We dug out the truth from a mass of information.
我们从一大堆材料中发现了真相。bury: A. to place in the ground
B. to occupy (oneself) with deep
concentration; absorb
e.g. The dog buried the bone in the ground.
I buried myself in my studies.
bury oneself in
= be buried in
devote oneself to
= be devoted to5. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.
a. 这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句。
b. 本句的结构是：第一个分句 （Thousands of families were killed） + and + 第二个分句（many children were left without parents）。c. 第二个分句的结构为：主语（many children） + 谓语（were left） + 主语补足语（without parents）。
d. 可以充当补足语的还有形容词、分词、不定式、名词或句子等。
【仿写】有这么多作业要做，我怎么能轻松起来呢？ ____________________________________________________How could I feel relaxed with so much homework to do?