2024年人教版九年级英语备战中考英语 短文语法填空专练（3）（含解析）

2024年人教版九年级英语备战中考短文语法填空专练（3）
题号 一 总分
得分
一、阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 本大题共10小题，共100分。
1. Wi-Fi is a word which is no stranger to modern people these days. Generally, a Wi-Fi-enabled sensor (1) (stick) to the inside windows of cafes and hotels as (2) extra way of attracting customers. Even on public transport and in shopping (3) (center), it s becoming more common. Last summer, I (4) (spend) four months working in France, where the company I was working for put me up in a house (5) didn t have Wi-Fi. I soon discovered, however, that living in a house without Wi-Fi was (6) (easy) than I had expected before. (7) I couldn t enjoy my usual web browsing（浏览）on BBC iPlayer, and social media sites, and keeping up-to-date with the news, I could spend more time with my housemates. I read more, I cooked for my friends and I even (8) (tidy) up my room more often. I learned how to live without Wi-Fi. My experience that summer made me (9) (reflect) on how much we do use Wi-Fi. It s possible not to be so dependent (10) it. Try it and see.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) 10)
2. I felt upset when I (1) (tell) that I would have to leave the company. In order to find a new job (2) (support) the family, I read almost all the newspapers (3) set down almost all the telephone numbers in ads (4) my notebook and tried to call almost all the companies that needed new clerks. Not until I (5) (find) a job in a small town near Townsville did I calm down. My new boss, Mr. Brown, was one of my schoolmates (6) I was getting along well with at school. Both of us were (7) (excite) to see each other and we spent the whole afternoon (8) (talk) about things and persons (9) we remembered at school. He asked me to give him some advice on how to enlarge his present business and he was (10) (entire) happy about my advice.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 9) (10)
3. Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is (1) (especial) popular in southern China. But do you realize that you're killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup
When people catch sharks, they cut off their (2) (fin) and throw the shark back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. Without a fin a shark (3) (can) swim any longer and slowly dies. Sharks are at top of the food chain in the (4) (ocean) ecosystem. If their numbers (5) (drop) too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the (6) (strong) in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and (7) (trade) in this industry every year.
The numbers of some kinds of sharks has fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about "finning". They have even asked governments (8) (develop) laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat (9) (they) (10) (help) save sharks!
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
4. Many have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is (1) （ really） popular in southern China. But do you realize that you're killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup？
When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also (2) （ harm） to the environment. Without a fin, a shark (3) （ can） swim any longer and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean's ecosystem. If (4) （ they） numbers drop too low,it will bring danger to all ocean life.Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the (5) （ strong） in their food chain.But in fact,around 70 million sharks (6) （ catch） and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks (7) （fall） by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
(8) （ environmental） protection groups around the world are teaching the public about "finning".They have even asked governments (9) （ develop） laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific (10) （ study） have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them？Help save the sharks!
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
5. Next time you re in a public place, take a look around you. And count how many people are using (1) (they) phones. I can tell you now that it is probably more than half, whether you re on a bus, in a cafe (2) simply walking down the street.
I m not saying that I am not (3) example of this, but it always (4) (surprise) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without talking to others. Has it gone too far
Recently, my smart phone broke and had to be (5) (send) off for repair for a week or so. I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me (6) touch with my family and friends. All (7) I could do on this phone was to send text (8) (message), make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being free from the Internet, and I really didn t mind not having updates（更新）about what my friends were doing. It (9) (allow) me to spend more time (10) (enjoy) my time in London and watching the people around me and really see what was going on.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
6. In nature, everything is used again. Nothing is wasted. But humans have created things like plastic bags (1) can t be broken down by nature. Our rubbish kills animals and (2) (pollute) water and soil. If we continue making too (3) (many) rubbish, the problem will only get (4) (bad). If nature can t reuse the rubbish, we must recycle it.
We should (5) (clean) up the rubbish we ve made because nature can t. Recycling is also the right thing to do for another reason. The earth is rich (6) natural materials like water and trees, (7) these materials are not endless. We use our natural materials much (8) (fast) than the earth is able to reproduce them. For (9) , each year we cut down more than 6,000 square miles of forests, but it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree to grow. Recycling can help (10) (we) save the earth, so let s take action right now.
(1) ________(2) ________(3) ________(4) ________(5) ________
(6) ________(7) ________8) ________(9) ________(10) ________
7.Paper-cutting is a famous folk art (1) a long history in China. It was (2) (use) during festivals to decorate gates and windows. After hundreds of years' (3) (develop), it has (4) (become) a very popular way of decoration. The main cutting tools (5) (be) simple—paper and scissors or a knife, but clever and (6) (skill) paper-cutting artists can make very beautiful artworks. Chinese paper-cutting works have these features "Flower in flower, theme in theme." This means smaller pictures and stories are (7) (hide) in the works. You will be amazed (8) the wonderful designs when you look at their paper-cutting works (9) (care). Through Chinese paper-cutting, people express their (10) (good) wishes.
(1) ________(2) ________(3) ________(4) ________(5) ________
(6) ________(7) ________(8) ________(9) ________(10) ________
8. Confidence is very important in daily life. It can help you develop a (1) (health) attitude （态度）. A study shows that the people (2) are more confident are much happier. But how to be more confident Here are some (3) (suggestion):
（1）Speak loud. Try to speak loud enough (4) that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you (5) (become) more confident.
（2）Play sports. Physical exercise can (6) (make) you relaxed and strong. A strong body helps you be full (7) confidence.
（3）Encourage yourself. Give yourself praise for the good things you ve (8) (do).
（4）Get (9) (rid) of fear. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
（5）Pick up a hobby. If you like singing, sing as (10) (many) as you can. A hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
(1) ______(2) ______(3) ______(4) ______(5) ______
(6) ______(7) ______(8) ______(9) ______(10) ______
9.
The world needs love and many people need our help. Several years ago my teachers asked me to take part (1) a program that helps the disabled. Each week I (2) (spend) an hour in the classroom helping with schoolwork, art project, games and other activities, (3) (include) eating. However, I found (4) working with children with special needs would change my life forever.
At first I thought it would be nervous to be with the children who are so different, but (5) (gradual) I found there s something special about these students. In a normal classroom it would be common to hear a teacher comfort a child (6) is tapping his pencil, speaking loudly or making unnecessary noises. However, here shouts, cries and other noises are encouraged. They re (7) (sign) of excitement and different ways of communicating.
Working with children with (8) needs has changed my life. It has made me notice others needs. One of my teachers believes we should be part of something bigger than (9) (we). I believe everyone should get out and do something that makes a (10) (different).
(1) _______(2) _______(3) _______(4) _______(5) _______
(6) _______(7) _______(8) _______(9) _______(10) _______
10.
Nowadays, food shortage is an increasingly serious problem all over the world, and everyone (1) (have) the duty to save resources and eat up his or her food at the table.
In the past, scraps of food were usually (2) (send) to landfill, or made into animal feed, or turned into bio-fuels（生物燃料）which worsened climate change. But now, there is a new way to solve the world problem of food wastage—reuse the trash. In spite (3) the rapid development of (4) (globe) economy, there (5) (be) still a large number of people (6) (live) in a serious shortage of food. However, those (7) live a rich life are at times called on to lose weight.
We should take actions (8) (immediate) to solve the problem of food (9) and food shortage. When we cook lunch, we should use as many raw ingredients as we can eat and not waste any food. And also, (10) we order too much food in the restaurant, we can ask a waiter to pack it up for the next meal.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】
is stuck
【小题2】
an
【小题3】
centers
【小题4】
spent
【小题5】
that/which
【小题6】
easier
【小题7】
Though/Although
【小题8】
tidied
【小题9】
reflect
【小题10】
on/upon
【解析】1. 根据“Generally（通常地）”可知，此处应用一般现在时；动词stick（粘）与主语a Wi-Fi-enabled sensor之间是动宾关系，故此处应用被动语态；主语a Wi-Fi-enabled sensor是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。
2. 根据as (2) extra way of可知此处泛指“一种额外的方式”，故应用不定冠词修饰。extra的发音以元音音素开头，故应用冠词an。
3. center中心，可数名词，根据语境Even on public transport and in shopping甚至在公共交通和购物时，可知，此处指应用名词复数形式泛指购物中心。
4. 根据时间状语“Last summer”可知，此处应用一般过去时。spend花费，动词，过去式是spent。
5. 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词是指物的a house，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用that/which引导从句。
6. 句意：然而，我很快发现，住在没有Wi-Fi的房子里比我之前预期的要容易得多。easy容易的，形容词，根据句意和空后的“than”可知，此处含有比较含义，故应用easy的比较级作表语。
7. 句意：虽然我不能像往常一样在BBC iPlayer和社交媒体网站上浏览网页，不能了解最新的新闻，但我可以花更多的时间和我的室友在一起。分析可知，前后句意之间有转折关系，所以空处引导让步状语从句且表示“虽然”的意思，故应用Though/Although，在句首大写首字母。
8. 根据上文可知，此处叙述的是发生在去年夏天的故事，结合本句中cooked及and可知，本句也用一般过去时，动词用过去式。tidy up整理，固定短语，tidy过去式是tidied。
9. make sb. do sth.是固定用法，意为“使某人做某事”，此处省略了不定式符号to。reflect深思，反省，动词。
10. be dependent on/upon sth.是固定用法，意为“依赖某物”。
2.【答案】【小题1】
was told
【小题2】
to support
【小题3】
and
【小题4】
in
【小题5】
found
【小题6】
who/that/whom
【小题7】
excited
【小题8】
talking
【小题9】
that
【小题10】
entirely
【解析】1. tell告诉，动词，分析可知，主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合I felt upset可知用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第一人称单数，句中结构：was+过去分词。
2. support支持，动词，分析可知，句中应用其不定式形式作后置定语修饰名词job。
3. 分析可知，句中read almost all the newspapers“读几乎所有的报纸”与set down almost all the telephone numbers“记下几乎所有的电话号码”是句子的并列谓语部分，所以用连词and连接句子。
4. 根据set down almost all the telephone numbers in ads“在广告中记下几乎所有的电话号码”及my notebook可知用in，在……里面，介词，in the notebook在笔记本中。
5. find发现，动词，结合did I calm down可知句子用一般过去时，find的过去式是found，find a job找到一份工作。
6. 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，从句缺少引导词，先行词是schoolmates，关系代词在从句中作介词with的逻辑宾语，所以关系代词用who/that/whom。
7. excite使激动，动词，根据were可知句中用其形容词，excited感到激动或兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，修饰物，主语是人，用excited。
8. talk交谈，根据we spent the whole afternoon可知是固定表达spend time doing （in） doing sth，花费时间做某事，固定表达，所以动词用动名词的形式。
9. 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词是things and persons，所以关系代词用that。
10. entire全部的，形容词，分析可知，句中应用其副词形式entirely“完全地，整个地”修饰形容词happy。
3.【答案】【小题1】
especially
【小题2】
fins
【小题3】
cannot/can't
【小题4】
ocean's
【小题5】
drop
【小题6】
strongest
【小题7】
traded
【小题8】
to develop
【小题9】
them
【小题10】
Help
【解析】1.
句意：这道有名又昂贵的菜在华南地区特别受欢迎。根据句意可知副词修饰形容词，需用especial的副词形式。故填especially。
2.
句意：当人们捕捉鲨鱼，他们会切断鱼鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回海里。根据文中“sharks”和“their…”可知形容词性物主代词后面接名词，此处需用名词复数。故填fins。
3.
句意：没有鳍，鲨鱼不能再游得更远，慢慢死去。根据句意及常识可知鲨鱼没有鱼鳍，就不能在海洋继续游泳，故填can的否定形式。故填can't/cannot。
4.
句意：鲨鱼是海洋生态系统中食物链的顶端。根据句意以及“in the…ecosystem”可知需填入名词所有格形式。故填ocean's。
5.
句意：如果他们的数量下降的太低，就会给所有的海洋生物带来危险。根据句意可知是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，因主语为复数。故填drop。
6.
句意：许多人相信鲨鱼永远不会受到威胁，因为他们是食物链中最强壮的。根据句意以及常识可知鲨鱼是食物链中最强大的。所以用最高级表达。故填strongest。
7.
句意：但是实际上在这个行业，每年大约有七千万鲨鱼被捕获和交易。根据“around 70 million sharks are caught”可知句式为被动语态，且连词and，前后语态一致。因省略are，故填traded。
8.
句意：他们甚至要求政府制定法律来阻止鲨鱼鳍的售卖。根据ask sb. to do sth.可知所给空应填动词不定式。故填to develop。
9.
句意：到目前为止，还没有科学研究表明鱼翅有益健康，那为什么要吃鱼翅呢？根据所给单词提示可知eat 后面接人称代词，要用人称代词宾格。故填them。
10.
句意：帮助拯救鲨鱼吧！根据句意可知“… save sharks!”是动词原形式的祈使句。所以填help。因在句首，首字母需大写。故填Help。
4.【答案】【小题1】
really
【小题2】
harmful
【小题3】
can't
【小题4】
their
【小题5】
strongest
【小题6】
are caught
【小题7】
have fallen
【解析】1. 句意：这道著名昂贵的菜在中国南部是很受欢迎的。副词修饰形容词，故答案为really。
2. 考查形容词。句意：这不仅是残忍的，也是对环境有害的。not only ...but also...固定短语，不仅...而且...，连接两个形容词，故答案为harmful。
3. 考查情态动词。句意：没有鱼鳍，鲨鱼不能再游泳，慢慢地死掉了。根据Without a fin,可知用情态动词的否定形式来填空，故答案为can't。
4. 句意：如果它们的数量下降的太低。后面的词语是名词，所以要用形容词性物主代词来填空，故答案为their。
5. 句意：因为它们是食物链中最强壮的。前面的词语是定冠词，所以要用形容词最高级来填空，故答案为strongest。
6. 句意：每年七千万只鲨鱼被逮住，然后在工厂里被交易。对于鲨鱼来说是被逮住的，时间状语是every year,所以要用一般现在时的被动语态来填空，故答案为are caught。
7. 52.句意：在过去的20到30年里，一些种类的鲨鱼数量已经下降了90%多。时间状语是in the last 20 to 30 years,所以要用现在完成时来填空，主语是numbers，故答案为 have fallen。
53.句意：世界各地的环境保护团队正在教人们关于"鱼翅"的事情。故答案为Environmental。
54.句意：他们已经要求政府制定法律阻止鱼翅的贩卖。ask sb. to do sth.固定短语，让某人做某事，故答案为to develop。
55.句意：到目前为止，还没有科学研究表明鱼翅有利于健康。后面的词语是have，所以要用复数名词studies来填空，作主语。故答案为studies。
5.【答案】【小题1】
their
【小题2】
or
【小题3】
an
【小题4】
surprises
【小题5】
sent
【小题6】
in
【小题7】
that
【小题8】
messages
【小题9】
allowed
【小题10】
enjoying
【解析】1. they他们，人称代词主格，分析句子结构，可知空格处应填形容词性物主代词their，他们的，修饰phones。
2. 根据whether you re on a bus, in a cafe (2) simply walking down the street.，可知本句句意：无论你是在公共汽车上，在咖啡馆里，还是在街上走。空格处应填or, whether...or...无论是......还是......，固定短语，
3. 由上文可知无论是在公共汽车上，在咖啡馆里，还是在街上散步，使用手机的人可能超过一半。根据I m not saying that I am not (3) example of this, 可知本句句意：我不是说我不是这方面的一例。空格处缺少不定冠词，example例子，可数名词，读音以元音音素开头，前面用an修饰。
4. 根据always，可知本句用一般现在时。空格处应填谓语动词，surprise使惊讶，动词，主语it，谓语动词用第三人称单数surprises。
5. send off寄出，动词短语，主语phone与动词短语send off之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用被动语态，构成为be+过去分词。send的过去分词为sent。
6. 根据I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me (6) touch with my family and friends.，可知空格处应填in，keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系，固定短语。
7. 分析句子结构，可知I could do on this phone是定语从句，修饰先行词all，关系代词用that，在从句中作宾语。
8. 分析句子结构，可知空格处应填名词，作宾语。message消息，可数名词，空格前没有a，可知此处用复数messages，指发送一些消息。
9. 本句陈述作者智能手机坏掉期间，使用普通手机所做的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。allow允许，动词，主语it与allow之间是主谓关系，allow的过去式为allowed。
10. spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事，enjoy享受，动词，动名词为enjoying。
6.【答案】【小题1】
that/which
【小题2】
pollutes
【小题3】
much
【小题4】
worse
【小题5】
clean
【小题6】
in
【小题7】
but
【小题8】
faster
【小题9】
example
【小题10】
us
【解析】1. 句意：但人类已经创造出了像塑料袋这样的东西，这些东西不能被大自然分解。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为 things，在从句中做主语，因此用that/which。
2. 句意：我们的垃圾杀死动物，污染水和土壤。由kills animals and可知该句为一般现在时，主语rubbish为不可数名词，因此该空用动词的第三人称单数；pollute动词，污染，其第三人称单数为pollutes。
3. rubbish垃圾，不可数名词，因此该处用much，too much太多的，修饰不可数名词。
4. 句意：如果我们继续制造太多垃圾，问题只会变得更糟。根据前句If we continue making too (3) (many) rubbish,可知该处指的是“问题只会变得更糟”，因此该处用比较级，get为系动词，因此该处用形容词bad的比较级worse。
5. should应该，为情态动词，后跟动词原形；clean up清理，动词短语，因此用clean。
6. 句意：地球上有丰富的天然物质，如水和树木，但这些物质并非无穷无尽。be rich in含有丰富的……，为固定搭配。因此用in。
7. 句意：地球上有丰富的天然物质，如水和树木，但这些物质并非无穷无尽。分析语境可知，前后句为转折关系，因此用but。
8. 句意：我们使用天然材料的速度远远快于地球的再生能力。由than可知该句为比较级，因此该空用副词fast的比较级faster。
9. 句意：例如，我们每年砍伐6000多平方英里的森林，但一棵新树的生长平均需要25年。根据for和后面的内容可知该处表示例举，for example例如，固定搭配，因此用example。
10. 句意：回收利用可以帮助我们拯救地球，所以让我们现在就采取行动。help动词，帮助，后跟代词用代词宾格，we的宾格为us。
7.【答案】【小题1】
with
【小题2】
used
【小题3】
development
【小题4】
become
【小题5】
are
【小题6】
skilled
【小题7】
hidden
【小题8】
by
【小题9】
carefully
【小题10】
best
【解析】1. 根据Paper-cutting is a famous folk art (1) a long history in China.“剪纸是中国历史悠久的著名民间艺术。”可知句中填用介词with，具有，with a long history介词短语作后置定语。
2. use使用，动词，根据It was (2) (use) during festivals to decorate gates and windows.“在节日期间，它被用来装饰大门和窗户。”可知句中是一般过去时的被动语态，结构：was/were+动词过去分词，use的过去分词是used。
3. develop发展，动词，根据名词所有格years'可知句中应用其名词形式development，发展，不可数名词。
4. become动词，根据it has (4) (become) a very popular way of decoration.“它已经成为一种非常流行的装饰方式。”可知句中是现在完成时，结构：have/has+动词过去分词，become的过去分词是become。
5. be是，连系动词，根据The main cutting tools (5) (be) simple—paper and scissors or a knife“主要的切割工具是简单的纸和剪刀或刀”可知句中描述的是事实，用一般现在时，主语是名词复数形式，连系动词用are。
6. skill技术，技能，根据clever and (6) (skill) paper-cutting artists可知句中应用skilled“熟练的，有技能的”作定语修饰名词artists。
7. hide躲藏，动词，根据This means smaller pictures and stories are (7) (hide) in the works.“这意味着更小的图片和故事隐藏在作品中。”可知句中的主语与谓语之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合are可知是一般现在时的被动语态，结构：be+动词过去分词，hide的过去分词是hidden。
8. 根据题干You will be amazed (8) the wonderful designs“这些精美的设计会让你惊叹的”可知句中是一般将来时的被动语态，应用介词by引出动作的执行者the wonderful designs。
9. care照顾，名词或动词，分析可知，句中应用副词修饰动词，根据You will be amazed (8) the wonderful designs when you look at their paper-cutting works (9) (care)“当你仔细观看他们的剪纸作品时，你会惊讶于那些奇妙的设计”可知句中应用副词carefully“仔细地”修饰动词短语look at。
10. good好的，形容词，根据Through Chinese paper-cutting, people express their (10) (good) wishes.“通过中国剪纸，人们表达了他们最好的祝愿。”及常识可知，句中应用最高级best“最好的”作定语，best wishes最美好的祝愿，常用短语。
8.【答案】【小题1】
healthy
【小题2】
who/that
【小题3】
suggestions
【小题4】
so
【小题5】
become
【小题6】
make
【小题7】
of
【小题8】
done
【小题9】
rid
【小题10】
much
【解析】1. 根据名词attitude“态度”可知该空用形容词作定语；health名词，健康，其形容词为healthy“健康的”。
2. 该句为定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中做主语，因此用who/that。
3. suggestion名词，建议，在该句中做主语，由空前的some可知用名词复数。
4. 句意：试着大声说话以便人们能清楚地听到你。根据前后句句意可知，后句是前句的目的，再由that可知该句为so that“为了”引导的目的状语从句，因此用so。
5. help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，为固定搭配，因此用省略to的动词不定式become。
6. make动词，使，在句中作谓语动词，由空前的情态动词can可知，该空用动词原形make。
7. be full of充满，为固定短语，因此用of。
8. 由空前的助动词have和语境可知，该句为现在完成时，因此该空用do的过去分词done。
9. get rid of动词短语，摆脱，因此用rid。
10. 分析句子结构可知，该空用副词修饰动词sing，many“很多，可做形容词也可做代词”，much可做副词，意思为“很，非常”，在句中修饰动词sing；该处为as...as句型，因此用much。
9.【答案】【小题1】
in
【小题2】
spent
【小题3】
including
【小题4】
that
【小题5】
gradually
【小题6】
who/that
【小题7】
signs
【小题8】
special
【小题9】
ourselves
【小题10】
difference
【解析】1. 根据take part (1) a program可知句中是固定短语take part in，参加。
2. spend花费，动词，根据上文Several years ago my teachers asked me to take part (1) a program that helps the disabled.（几年前，我的老师让我参加一个帮助残疾人的项目。）可知本文作者描述的是几年之前发生的事情，所以用一般过去时，本句也用一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent。
3. include包括，动词，分析可知，句中应用其介词形式including，后接动名词形式，对前面所提到的活动进行补充说明。
4. 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，从句working with children with special needs would change my life forever.（与有特殊需要的儿童一起工作将永远改变我的生活）陈述的是一个事实，是一个陈述句，所以引导词用that，在句中无实际意义。
5. gradual逐渐的，形容词，分析可知，句中应用其副词形式gradually“逐渐地”修饰句子I found there s something special about these students.“我发现这些学生有一些特别的地方”。
6. 分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，从句缺少关系代词，先行词是child，指人，关系代词用who或that，并在从句中作主语。
7. sign标志，可数名词，根据They re可知应用其复数形式signs。
8. 根据上文However, I found (4) working with children with special needs would change my life forever.（然而，我发现与有特殊需求的儿童一起工作将永远改变我的生活。）可知此处指“与有特殊需要的儿童一起工作改变了我的生活。”句中应填入形容词special，特殊的，形容词作定语，与上文呼应。
9. we我们，主格人称代词，本句是一个宾语从句，从句的主语与than的宾语指的是同一人，所以用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”作宾语。
10. different不同的，形容词，根据makes a可知应用其名词的单数形式difference，make a difference产生影响，固定短语。
10.【答案】【小题1】
has
【小题2】
sent
【小题3】
of
【小题4】
global
【小题5】
are
【小题6】
are living
【小题7】
who
【小题8】
immediately
【小题9】
wastage
【小题10】
although/though
【解析】1. 本句是描述一般情况，时态是一般现在时。主语是不定代词everyone，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。have有，动词，第三人称单数形式是has。
2. 句意：过去，食物残渣通常被送往垃圾填埋场，或制成动物饲料，或变成加剧气候变化的生物燃料。send送，寄，动词。主语scraps of food与send之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，本句是描述过去发生的事情，时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+动词过去分词。
3. 句意：尽管全球经济快速发展，但仍有大量人口生活在严重的粮食短缺之中。固定短语：in spite of尽管；不管，不顾。
4. 句意：尽管全球经济快速发展，但仍有大量人口生活在严重的粮食短缺之中。globe全球，名词。这里指“全球的经济”，用形容词。global全球的，形容词，修饰名词economy作定语。
5. a number of一些，若干，许多的，后跟可数名词复数。本句是描述一般情况，时态是一般现在时。there be句型，主语是a large number of+名词复数，所以be动词用are。
6. 句意：尽管全球经济快速发展，但仍有大量人口生活在严重的粮食短缺之中。根据 in a serious shortage of food.“可知，处于严重的粮食短缺之中的状态正在进行，用现在进行时，结构为：am/is/are+现在分词。主语people是复数，所以be动词用are。live的现在分词是living。
7. 句意：然而，那些生活富裕的人有时会被要求减肥。代词 those 后接定语从句，且此处指人，连接词在从句中作主语，定语从句通常用关系代词who来引导。
8. immediate立刻的，形容词。take actions采取行动，是动词短语，所以空格处应该填副词。immediately立刻地，副词。
9. 根据后句When we cook lunch, we should use as many raw ingredients as we can eat and not waste any food.（当我们做午餐时，我们应该尽可能多地使用我们可以吃的原料，而不是浪费任何食物。）可知，是指姐姐食物损耗和食物短缺地问题。wastage损耗，消耗，不可数名词。
10. 句意：而且，尽管我们在餐厅点了太多食物，我们也可以让服务员为下一顿饭打包。根据前后句句意可知，此处表示让步关系，although/though尽管，这里引导让步状语从句。
第1页，共19页